uly.
THE WEST SHORE,
197
PICTURESQUE WATERFALLS.
In a previous number of this paper
we furnished our readers sketches of
Multnomah Falls, on the Columbia
river, and the Falls ot the Willamette,
at Oregon City. In this issue, we pre
sent three of the most picturesque ones
in the Pacific Northwest. The Sho
shone Falls of the Snake river are lo
cated in Idaho, five miles from the cross
ing of Rock creek, on the overland
route from Boise City to Kclton. They
rank next to Niagara and the Giund
Falls in massivencss and exceed them
in altitude by from forty to seventy feet.
The water immediately above these
great falls is divided into five channels
by rocky islets, each separate body of
water falling from thirty to fifty feet.
Below these first falls there are but two
principal divisions of the water, which,
with the impetus given them by the
small falls, rush over a perpendicular
wall 230 feet in hight and having a
breadth of 900 feet, by following the
course of their outline, or 600 feet In a
straight line, whilst towering walls of
nearly 1,000 feet in hight on both sides
of the river form a grand and majestic
framing for so wild a picture.
The SpokaneFalls are formed of two
leaps, the upper being about 1,200 and
the lower about 100 feet. They seethe
and roar and boil, for a great distance
before making the plunge and continue
it for many feet after reaching the
chasm which receives them. They arc
very picturesque and arc surrounded by
trap terraces, which extend many hun
drcd feet above them.
Tumwater Fall, aside from its pic
turesqueness, is being utilized for man
ufacturing purposes, and has already
been the means of building a village
(Tumwater) of about 300 inhabitants
and is located about two miles from
Olympia, the capital of Washington
Territory. Beside the falls proper, the
river here has a descent of S5 feet in
300 yards, and is capable of furnishing
power-sufficient to build up a manufac
turing town, as it eventually will do,
of from 4,000 to 5,000 inhabitants. Sev
eral enterprising manufactories are al
ready located here, and a Houring mill
(one of the best in the Territory) is run
by this unequalled water power,
A CHANCE FOR A CAPITALIST.
Mr. Elias Sorensen, a ship-builder of
thirty years1 experience, and who for
merly carried oij a yard at De Fere,
Wisconsin, is now in this city, and from
him wc learn that he considers Port
land an excellent place to start a ship
yard, and that he can turn out vessels
here ready for sea, fully as cheap as
they do on the Atlantic side. Should
the proper encouragement be given to
him he will start work at once on a
1 500-ton vessel. A well conducted
yard would give employment here to
many men, and we hope something will
be done to induce Mr. Sorensen to lo
cate here. The unsafe condition of
iron ships on long voyages and the fall
ing off in the building of them, will
now call for a fleet of first-class wood
en ships. At Coos Bay, Oregon, and
Port Ludlow, Washington Territory,
it has alreadv been demonstrated that
wc can turn out ships superior to the
I'astern build. Take a walk down to
our wharves, inspect a Maine built (,
with her inferior deck planking and
knotty spars, and then glance at one of
our trim, western built sailers, and it
will convince almost any one that here
are the proper places for shipyard-.
Wc cheerfully copy the following from
'lie 5. F. Post, as concluding evidence
why a shipyard should be started here:
Oregon nod Washington may be
made the leading shipbuilding States
in America, and supply the ship-owners
of Europe and the united States with
SPOKANE FALLS.
wood-built ships, provided such ships
can be built at a cost that wjll admit of
a sale in European ports at a profit.
The sale of an Oregon-built ship in
Europe at a profit is the sale of so much
Oregon timber in Europe at a profit,
and it is probably the only shape in
which Oregon timber can be sent to
that distant market.
Liverpool is the principal mart in
Europe for the sale of new ships. In
tending purchasers from the continent
al ports go there to buy ships, and !
Liverpool itself is a great ship-owning
town. Liverpool is also the destination
of two-thirds of the ships that carry the
productions of California and Oregon
to Europe. It is, therefore, to Liver
pool that ships built on this coast for
sale to European customers would be
chiefly sent, and the freight on a wheat
cargo to that port must become an im
portant factor in estimating the prob
able profit and loss on the transaction.
Exports from San Francisco and Port
land to Europe largely exceed the im
ports from those countries in bulk, and
this excess of bulky exports is increas
ing with every year of average pro
duction; consequently more tonnage is
needed to carrv our exports away than
is required to bring our exports in, and
the chief reliance of ship-owners who
send their ships to us is in the return
freights on our produce, cargo being
frequently brought here at an almost
nominal rate of freight. Each succeed
ing year sees our advancing independ
ence of foreign supplies of coal and
other bulky cargoes on which ship
owners could earn paying freights in
former years. I believe it is therefore
safe to estimate from San Francisco
and .'3 10s from Portland as the aver
age rate of freight to Liverpool in fair
wheat years. At less than those rates
for a return cargo, anil in the absence of
an advance in freights this way, which
is very unlikely to occur, European
ship-owners cannot afibrd to send their
ships here. The tendency of inward
freights to recede, and of out wan!
freights to advance, will be a substan
tial aid to the Oregon ship-builder who
wishes to send a new ship to Europe
for sale. A ship of 1,000 tons should
carry 1,600 tons of wheat, which, at
3 ios per ton, woid give a freight
list of i. 5,600, her expenses from the
beginning of taking in cargo at Port
land to its discharge at Liverpool should
not exceed i'2,xx, leas ing 3,600 to
wards the reduction of Jier cost.
A new ship of the same tonnage
starting from St. John, New Bruns
wick, or from Quebec, with deals would
not make more than .1,000 to .'1,200
freight, out of which her expenses of
loading, her run across and port charges
in Liverpool must be p. ml, the last be
ing the same as the similar charges on
the Oregon ship. The Oregon ship
Would be placet) in Liverpool with quite
$15,000 more to her credit than the
other ship could show, which would
be so much gain on her cost, provided
the cost of the two ships was equal
when they began to load, the one at
Portland, the other at St. John, New
Bruniwlck
TUMWATER FALLS, v. T. nm a Photo hy Qm, ). Huntington, Olpeok
OUR Cukhuies ABROAD The pub
lisher of this paper sent a box of cher
ries to California. This is what the
Record- Vn ion says of them: "R. Levy
received yesterday a box of cherries
from Portland, Oregon verv superior
fruit in every respect, and by its excel
lence attracting great attention."
OUR WHEAT.
The bountiful harvest, just being
stored in this State, naturally suggest
the next move, namely : W hen shall
we sell? Some of our self-constituted
advisers kindly (?) undertake this part
of the harvest-work for our farmers,
which, by the way, we consider an in
sult to every intelligent producer In this
State. Nearly all business calculations
being made by precedent, we consider
every farmer, with the proper figures
before him, fully capable of determin
ing for himself when the proper time
conies for him to sell his produce. Our
market here depending considerably on
the San Francisco quotations, we pre
sent to our readers, in this issue, a table
showing the price of wheat there for
the past ten anil a half years. Always
remembering that San Francisco quo
tations are generally from jo to 25 etti
percental higher than Portland, 011 ac
count of the difference in freight, this
table, closely studied, will materially
aid the intelligent producer to deter
mine for himself when to sell his
wheat.
TEN MILE
While people in search of a home
complain that all the best land is taken
up, there is within a short distance
of the waters of Coos Huy, a large
section of as good land as lies out of
doors, unoccupied and awaiting only
the advent of the industrious immi
grant to transform it into a flourish
ing settlement. We allude to that
portion of country known as Ten
Mui'. in Douglas county, and which is
at present only partially settled. The
soil is the richest bottom laud, covered
w ith a growth of willows which can be
very easily cleared. Land of this de
scription presents greater advantages to
the immigrant than almost itny other,
for the reason that it does not take so
much labor to clear it. One of the
greatest objections to myrtle bottoms, is
that although the hind is as good as can
be desired) almost a lifetime is required
to clear a farm for cultivation. The
willow growth in the section we speak
of is small, and the logs can be easily
handled by one man. There are about
fifteen families settled around Ten
Mile, who have comfort able houses,
considerable stock, and quite an area
of land under cultivation, although
many of them have not resided in the
vicinity much over a year. Right in
(be midst of this settlement are two
beautiful lakes which is the frequent
resort of the tourist, attracted thither
hy the trout which abound in (hem.
Ten Mile has not been surveyed yet,
hut it is expected it soon will he.
There is room yet for fifty families,
and it is fast seltling up. The resi
dents are about to apply for a count V
road to tide water on Coos Hav, which
will only he a distance of six miles.
When this road has been put through,
the mail, instead of going up the
beach, will go through the settlement
to Schofieln Creek, (about five miles
from Ten Mile lake,) ami thence to
Gardiner. This will have the effect
of removing many drawbacks under
which (his iliriv ing section has too
long Buffered, and bringing it into the
prominence which lU rnanv advantages
so well (HOI it.
"Cleanliness is next to godliness,"
we learn from Holy Writ. Those who
believe in this sentiment should A force
it by patronizing the American Laun
dry, John Holmes proprietor, whose
order slate can be found at Ike Ilium's
lorner I'irst and Abler streets.
Little Susie, looking at some pictures
of winged angels, exclaimed : "Mamma,
I don't want to In an angel. "Whs
not, dear?" " Humph! Leave ofl all
my prettv clothes, and wear frtUers
UUtkmf