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1
THE INDEPENDENCE MONITOR
AN INDI-PTINDENT NEWSPAPER
Published W ckly ft
Ortjjo ,
Entered n Second Claw Matter August 1, 1912 at the Post Office at Inde
pendence, Polk Count', Oregon, Under the Act of March 3, 1879.
CLYDE T. ICKER, Editor
NINA D. ECKEK, Associate
Suoscriptlon R&tesOne Year $1.50 Strictly in Advance
THIS PAPER REPRESFNTED FOR FOREIGN
ADVbKriSING BY THE
rNFRAL
I HEW YORK
BRANCHES IN AU
Independence, Oregon,
IN THE WORLD OF
SFOilT
Carl Morris, Heavyweight,
Who Is Coming Back.
rbo br Amartran lru AHuclatloa
Nttle mure than tbre jrwir bko
Carl Morrtii of 8ml. Okla., w r
fardid li th loKlcal anlllnle fur the
crown of Jack Jhn-.ni. He whm or
aUOriU.llIi HU, M)HH h1 of lllll..'HS(.
trrutilh atttl Imil IhhI -n vvvry limn Ur
bad kmi iiuliit. lln'u th
HMunrubl ulk'lit of HipL 15, 1U1I
wbn U rrtMHfd uiliu witliJIniiMui.
"tit BiihlltiK Itmimi ." uE Mn Ihuh
lUiuan tlNnlcu. Xvw orV A it h iikIi
Kljnn u all tucliKa borli-r am tirtf
pound! lighter thiin . lorrU, ha rfar
him aa uurutrx'lful lntlnu Morrl
waa (xttie, tiut h linked ak.it I and
. rlnir rilHfrU'Ui-e. Aft.T tint I fart Uwt
dvcUUoiu to avternl me.lluirp bHi
buioa.
Now b la rvuilng hnt'k. During tlii
paat jr be ha won uliio tlln nt
of tea tijr thv kutHkotit nmln mi.l tin
t ti luiil low Jim Klynu.,hln nnt-lciit
euetny. He tiu Iwi.tcu rvnijr 111:111
Who tad irfVloiiKly wou dtrlnitiu
or ft him ami tun-m t. bar (1iviUhhI
Into a fulrly rlerrr riutt arnrral. Ho
ha t to win from i untt KmltU.
Srtt woo from Carl on fuul
V
New Baaeball Play.
Dartng the) laat gnma of the aaon
t the Oakland (Cat. I grounds 11T
ran ap that vacaied atteutloa at the
time), tat elrx-e baa rrtwted a deal of
anronirat pro and eon. Tbla la how It
happened: Fltiuerald waa on third and
(yijrurj at lat when a Nil caromed
off Catcher Yaota'a mitt and went to
tbe graudstaud, Krauao corerej the
platA hut O'l-arj wua tu the lino of
that throw, and the lull hit him on the
back of the head. Kill coring,
j Now, whm la the d'1'lHloo? Captalu
Rodsrrt rlalmed luterferrnra, while I
rmplra Billy I'hyle rnlml that th run
arorad. Ilia coutentlon waa that
O'Laewry waa lo hla rivhtful piwltion In
tha baiter 'a lo and waa watcbuia the
Ulay without Inteotloually getting into
U Una of play. I'tiyle argoea that
0Iamry did not know where the ball
went and that he atood where bo ba
ton ared.
President Itnum at Nit thought that
the) umpire waa wrong and that there
waa Interference, hut after tlunklng It
orer be (l.vl.lcil tlmt die d.rlM.in waa
light and one of (he first of lu kind be
had orer bean of.
Jaek Owmptty Waa Cams.
Bob Pttulniwoua the :re:il-nt ft rlltet
Independence, Polk County
on Friday.
erricre
AND CHICAGO
THE PRINCIPAL CITIES
Friday, January 22, 1915
111 J Uj Mwbui o iw lllt 'IHll blh
owu theory of a knockout,
"It dowm't hurt anyhoily to tat kuoi'k
d out," Kite OM-d to Hay. "1 Ilka to bv
gentle and cunMlilcruta and knock 'em
out In hurry. I put It over aa aoon aa
1 ran IiihIcikI of hfattiiK thein down
grndiiRlly. The K'iitlrHt way la to land
a rlcan one (miiioIi knockout. It dovnn't
even. Irar a headache."
KltMlmniona once met a man who
took a iiiimlx-r of hard knockdowna
and atlll atniKKlod to hla feet, at Inat
Uiiidlng In a nearly helpleia coiidltlon
and rvftndiiK to give up. Tlila waa
Jack Ieniicy. who waa. IokIiik tlm
world's mill. Hew eltfht i'liaiuioiialilp
Kltaalniiiiona iipihmiIihI to the referee to
atop It and when Unit oltlclul declined
bm-auae It wua a -lirt iiijiI.uihIi tp fl(lit
toniod to Ini"iey ii nd mm hi : "Jack,
you're done all a gmne mini can do. 1
don't want to lilt you again. Ulr It
op."
"You'll bar to knock me out," mnt
tMd I)emmiy. And Klti did.
Maulbetaoh Spittea Rumor.
Halfback Johnny Maullietxcb of the
Cnlveralty of Michigan waa aaked re
eontly concerning the atory thnt be
at two mince plea of hla in.itlier'a
making for dinner each ulglit during
the) training aeaaon, le hflng eneclal
ly taboo by trnlnwra for nthletea dur
lug the playing aeaaon.
"The atory wua Hlluhtly eiagtfer
ated," replletl the ti'ky .Mlclilnandcr
with the anuie ukkIihit reKHrdlug hla
gantronmic prowe aa he baa ahown
regarding hla football ability. "I rare
ly ate more thnn one and one-half plea
for dinner."
Wleconein Bara Negro Fighter.
The WlacoiiMln boxing eoniinlMMton
ruled aiinliiNt enintltiK a permit to a
Milwaukee txixlnc rlnh for a bout be
twea'n Ham I.MiiKf.irl tind Shiii MrVey.
neirro hearyweltihta. rermlta for con
te' In W-iMtn tr la announced.
Will be confined to whlto lxr.
riVC CENTS PROVES IT
A Generous Offer. Cm
out thin aci, nclote with 5
rents to Foley A Co., Chica
go, 111., ami reOHive a free
trial package containing
Foley's Honay and Tar Com
pound for coughs, colds,
croup, bronchial and Ittgrippe
oouojia, Foley Kidney Tills
and Foley Cathartio Tablets
ror ,. in your town by
(Villistns Drug Co.
Dr-li.r9 Holna In Br.ck.
When di ttinc brick wall with a
tnr drill dampen the brick. Till will
li event the chlpplnir of the brick at
the Hiiita. and will alo make the
drill em tauter and bold lta edge
longer.
REVIEW OF
EUROPE'S WAR
TOMAN. 1
(Continaed from Page One)
rourto army, aimed for Umgwy, He
lruy and Tout, enveloping a Its wai
Verdun. Hfty ndlra or ao eaat of the
erowq pdncw, ahcild be reach Troyoa
ur Tool. Vou lleerlng-n'a alitb aru :f
came oat of lArrniH. tm he ml now
THE JURY QUESTIDM5 THE COOD
i?r oeinre I'linn mi told, the Onnmi
In France Sept. 1 ilid not exceed l.(m,
UX), and the iiIIIi-h. IneludlnK iiliout
1V ),) HrliiBli numbered, imi pnper at
leant, over I.MKi.taHi (! ii e mid perhiipa
even (leririiiii enriai hud been aent
awa. to Itcrlil IIiiskIii The HcenmpHiiy
ItiK funp illiiinlnutcH the Intercxtlng ma
nenvem Kept. to II by which Vod
Kluik wua turned away fn.ni the rery
it 11 tea of 1'nrln nnii hla touch with aup
pwrla nn bin left all but evered
Battle of (he Mama.
The ahndeil I. luck on the limp murk
ed AAA repreaeiit V'.mi Kim k col
umn niiirchlim on Kcvcral nniili i.ni ir.l
Mnrne river, east ..f I'niH. In rrmit of
lilin and retlrlmi lef.ire lilm were Hie
Kreneli Klftli und Mxtli ni ii.lo. and tile
KrltlHh army, ivltli a I rcnch Meld nl
umn of fiO.iKKi reserve, tor .-ml Ihe
HrltlHh croMKcd the Mnrne to the anuth
on the 3d. Veil Kluck following rnpldly
on the line It n, tile two rreticn imdl"
conformtUK to the HrlllHh retreat
Battle Sprung Too Soon.
"Never dlHtiirli the enemy when he
la making: a !nl move," N'niioleon
told hla ma mini la. At Aimterllti the
AuNfrlnna miide n
twenty tiilniitcH."
Boult. "then strike
fnlae move "Wnlt
NnpoliHin mi I.I t
Honlt nlieyed. the
nilata lifted, and the aim litirxt through
a pun a victory won by Houit'e Umelv
blow, (jonerul I'nu, who tind been
brought to the rixntrer point at farls tu
give Vou Kluck a counter stroke,
launched bla holt ten to twenty houra
too aoon. During the night the Clftb
French army nttneked from Nogent.
and after daylight on the 7th. together
witli tlie llrltlah. advanced and held
op Von Kluck
Ton lluolow's Second (iertnan army
had not got up cm hla left east ot
Montnilrall. as planned, and that flank
waa 'In the air" Von Kluck halted
bla march and reformed behind the
Grand Morln. with Ihe foreat of Creey
on bla front It took nil day to push
the Germans behind the I'ettt Moiin
md rapture Muntnilriill On the Uth
Von Kluck nnide a atlft tight on the
Maine again! the llrltlsh alone, the
lay of the ground forclug the Fifth
French army to lose a day and a half
getting around ennt of Chateau 'J'hler
ry. Thia wna ou the Ulth, with the
Gormen center at Meam and Trillion
Meanwhile the Sixth French army
had walked too long Von Kluck sta
tioned only a rear guard along the
Ourcq aa lie plunged forward to a ren
deivoim appointed for the tlortnnu nr
in lea aotitti of the Seine. Tliroufhuut
the Mill and Illli thl.t rear guard held to
the Ourcq agiilnxt ever lucrenatng foea.
and during the 10th Von Kluck re
traced hla atepa over the line, hi, and
that according to the French com
mander, tJeneral JotTre, In a mneterly
manner, to the Alane at Holeaona
Germany 'a fart heat reach toward
Paris In 1914 halted at Lagny. tire or
all nillea from the fortltled circle
around the French capital. (Irene
pralae baa Imh-ii given to Freuch genius
hlch saved I'arla the 7th of Heptem
Iw I'erliuim the loftleat la that spo
ken by Ferrero. the Italian biatorlan
and critic, who sutd:
That rtxy oliHiii;-d aometbing In the
World. Kun no longer feared Oer
ninny. It wna an event whence as
founding conse.pieuces will rvmilt In
the history of the world."
That the German army waa aiifHTlor
to all othere aa a fighting machine re
mained to te proved Hut within ten
daya after the (iertnan line of Septem
ber was develevl along the Alxne aud
he Slfflm, tieueral John Frvnch. thw
Ittitlsb leoder, said thnt the new h.s
lion was too strong to be carried hy
allied attack And ho It has reiunlued
Fir In the Kaiser's Rear,
Oermnn v's hncg dir aa she fscea het
weatern foea Is aa Imimrtant as waa
the back door of the Southern (Am fed
ewoco tor Anwh-nn Pt Av-',Attoo
A SUPlMvl itsuil.
rK In IMK.H bcn auaided bj tbs
r- V eaTtr Msessse
k-., v.j;v ?
.v- I
.ili-i.j.i iivei A ciiuiii t no atrung
ei il. in u ueakeMl link, and while
i. iiii..ii eastern frontier la atronul.i
lorilMcl I lieie are weak Mota In It
1 'l t i i 1 1 v l. Hi. eiiMt III" pulley ol Hie
ci lo defend IiIh terriiory bj enrrj
Ini' tti. war mio the ein-my'a euuntrt
Hie Kainei M-nt trata acrona the bolder
- ' A-''.
.1 JS-.-d
1 jr
mm
Photo by American Praia Association.
aariAK ri.'irriwn nrnran eanan
into ItiiaHbin i'olnnd at Kallxch on Aug.
X and a week Inter an Au.it rlnn column
rosel from Onlldo Into Poland. On
the '.Hub the Anatrlans won a battle at
Kftisnlfc and mai-hed on to Lublin. To
offset title meiiuce In Poland. Kuxala
uiariiicd ou I.emlierg, In ensteru (a-
1. In, nnd also aent strong columns
frmn Vllna and Warsaw Into East
I'I'ihkIii. cnpturtiig (iiiinhlniien, Inst or
hers an. I Allensteln nnd threatening
the Htr oig post at Kneiilgxherg
By
I bo end of AtiLiiat tlip Itinwliitm
In.. I lieen expelled from the Koetilg
berg region, l.ut In the south they li.i.l
forced the Austrl.-itia tn ulmodon tltc
Itndoui campaign by closing lu on l.cn
berg Knrly in September Iemlierg foil
nd GiiTlciii wna annexed by Itusnla.
Py the middle of the month the Itus
sinus had been exix'tled from Knst
I'riiHHla with enormous louses, but the
Austrlana In the south were liesieged
at I'rsemvHl. having to give up Jam
alnw, a nelghlKirlng railway center and
feeder for the fortress.
Following the defeated Russian
fmra 1'aniieiilierg. In iuist Prussia, the
icniiau (Jeneriil von lllndctiherg veu
ured to the shore of the Nlcmen, In
UiikhIa, and on Sept '.'0 waa repulsed
and hurled hack Into tho Suwalkl
iwnma and tlefented on Oct 8 at An
gustowo. The Hrst week In October the
(lermnns and Austrlnus advanced from
meow nn the south. Kallca tn the ren
ter and Thorn In the north toward
Wancaw, on the Vistula The Vistula
etlendu from Cracow through central
I'olnnd across Fast Prussia to the Kill
tk' sea. It la everywhere uuforduhle.
wltb no bridge north of the line of
Warsaw and Clock.
The middle of Octotier fighting raged
all along the Vistula In Poland, and
the Certnan allies were it the gates of
Warsaw. Oa the lMta tncy were
chei-ked and al the end of the mouth
tlefented on the I'llata river ami hurled
hack toward the Wart he and their own
border.
Karly In November Uulnna a.l
van.-e-l on (rncow. expelled the f.
frni Kleh-e, I'olincl force.! the An
trlans south of the San river, re. -tip
tun-d Jnroslaw and return.-d lo t o
elect' of IVfemisI In the iicnl) 1 1 1 . -
agiln ailvniiced on Koe ItsPeri:. ami
milling t'oss.n ks even I'en.-t rated Gcr
man territory In Sllc: i and 1'iweu
within twentv nillew of the fortre-w of
Thorn JohaiinUlmrc. In Fust I'n.vin
was iHH-iipiecl hv liOs.-laii on Nov II
This move the tierinana iMuntered b a
column setu from Tlm-ti, which on th,.
lMh drove the Kifsliitin lmk thronch
Soldau upon l'lo k.
t'nniw. 2l miles southwest, ami
KocnlgNherv, ".1" nill-s north of War
saw. are fort resei giiiirdlni! the Gcr
man rear when otertlng lit IVIhihI
Willi either of them In liusjcta's hand
German ixwessloti of the Warsaw re
gVn would I perilous. At this writing
Austria holds Cracow firmly, and her
sily Is Intrenched before Warsaw. In
positions around IaU and Ixiwkt.
which were woo tn kjs-emtr hy ren
tures w hich the Ituwalana ottlclally de
el a red "untiellevable." Germans also
hold Koenlgsberg
The Naval End of the War Cams,
Sea battles have been many. Pot
nothlna has been deckled excepting
the etticleacy of some new armament
The world has waited twenty years
for a test of the big battleship In line
of battle fighting Kveu battle crula
er have not been put to supreme test
la siitouartne son honors eeem tu
rest wltb the Germans, iIhm L'-W t
tacked single banded three Hnrtsb
cruisers and sunk them ad Thta
proved that a submarine cao be more
than a niatch f. armament far and
away Its aiiertor tn surface action
CXiuimeutln " other trt
JUDCE AND GOES ITS WAY
INVASION'S HIGH TIDE IN 1914.
FRENCH
RKERV! ,
sate or es mh.cs
' -L- LAbflY n Nt
1 JF, '-f "Tnf' Naaji
S to Aa
The ahaded. portiena. AAA. mark the poaltlona of General, von Kluck'e army
(200,000 atrong) advancing toward Parla. Kept. S. Confronting Von Kluck were the
Blxth French. Hrltlah and Fifth French armies. On the 2d the Britten, pursued br
Von Kluck, had croasrd the Marne at Lagny and destroyed the river brldaje. The
French reserve near Parla waa aaaemhllnR. but not In position. On the 5th Von
Klurk change.! direction, crossed the Marne at Trllport and eaat of It, forced the
Fifth French rmy hack to the Heine, and on the 6th waa near Provlna, with oav
airy advance St Nogent Meanwhile the Blxth French army remained In position on
the German it (ht flank, west of the Ourcq, and waa joined by a, freih reserve of
10,000 mea (C C and D D) on the eth.
umpna of til toiliuinrlnea, the' German
adiclrnl. Von Tlrplta. sjiya. "Our sue
ceas so far, however, hardly Justifies
the conclusion thnt I'll! ulilpx hare lie
come olmidete '
The puriMjae or a navy Is to help nr
mtes win land buttles. To tltl end
wnrshlpa may convoy troops and pro
visions or destroy the troop slid supply
ships of the enemy A British fleet
might turn the title for the allies on
the KeiglHU coiiNt mid a German Meet
! do the same for the Germans In el
ther case a sweeping victory on the
I scale of those in the North sea or hi
I South American waters might dec-Idea
) campaign
The roaming t Iertnan cruisers Km
den, Sehnrnborst. Gnelsennu. Ilp7.ls
Nurnberg and Dresden drew from Ku
mpeitn venter British vessels sttperlot
In Individual and aggregate strength
riad these been needed (it borne Ger
man strategy would have scored. But
Knglnnd could well afford to spare
battleships and battle cruisers when
their absence meant the recovery of
her South American trade, the net re
uilt of tho vicpiry off ti e Fulkland Is
lands on Pec. 8, victory which hum
bled the German Dug on the high seas
Phenomenal Battle Losses.
Trustworthy dntn as to the relative
destructlveness of modern weaMus
will not be available uutll revised offl
rial reports are at hand. It la not
shown by the iibctory of the evolution
of weaiK)tis tht t Increased destructive
ness follows in reaaed eltlclenry. Ilela
tlve Increase oi dm-rease c an lie proved
only by pen-en ages of the number hit
In the number encnged. The oroent-
age In recent irs has run as high as
HO per cent for -mall units ami 4i to HO
for divisions o ti.iMK) to 7.X men In
sinele eniratrem -tits
In the Kurop. no war there have been
slaughters In siots. The civil war had
them at Antlet.im. Gettysburg. Chick a
manga and retersbtirg. A general
should get ade uate returns for his in
vestm.nt of I
mukes war a
science.
Progress in
kill In recent
es; f ilhire to do Hint
slniiKliler and le t a
mtrtvmg new ways to
cars his led to n,-w
ways of protect ig aoldlera. It has e en
le.'n argtietl th t advance In protection
ha 8ed tey. d advance In daniter,
that wars will iow be decided by lone
range guns dec ollshlng Innnlniste mat
ter. with inlnii um exiHwure of boman
Uvea; a crash f metal rather iliau of
flesh and bone
Kltle.1 can no ,, shrapnel and grape
and canister w -re the nineteenth cvn
tnry answer l-tbe bayonet w hich h id
doubh-d or trv ded the death iteallua
power of the t an behind the musket
The repeating Ifle gave the Individual
man long rang canister tu auswer the
short ranee a tlllcy canister l.atet
re.jeating nSe i uswered repeating title,
then came the machine gun to drown
tlh reenter and canister Bre,
Modern Tactics Safer.
Increased detdllnesa ot tiring does
j not imply that the "windrows ot
i do id'" known In the daya of sivar and
i tMttlenx must returu to the modern
hnttU-tleld In held artillery alone tbe
bullet proof shield for gunners tn.ll
rates the protective sUe in tmstern
egulpinent In the civil war when tie
Infantryman's twyouet was outfought
by canister from a held battery he '
took to cover and shot down the eu
amy's gunners and battery hore In
the sixties the log rauiKrt and slml
low trench behind were the auswer
to shrapnel and hurtling she. I In a tn
tracted fight like the AlsneTser line
of 11)14 a modern concealed trench Is
far ahead of ksrw and dirt rampart to
protect own. Not alone devh-es. for
covering Bghrtng men tend to mud
Wllxs) RHrtsilt nor ls4- mart f.w
M0MTMI11A1L
rttiTt
PROVINS
NOCErtT
tne same end Rushes of dozens led
by a sergeant carry forward under lire
tbe thousands which formerly charged
eo tnnsae.
Secretary of War Garrison aaya that
It la much more difficult to kill men In
battle nowadays than la generally sup
posed. Medical reports of the Rosso
Japanese war. he says, show thnt out
of every hundred rnaunltlea S3 per
cent were caused by bullets; also that
In that war It took 10,000 bullets to
kill one man. Another authority says
tbat It took l ira rifle shots to put one
Japanese out of the light In 19D4.
whereas In the Franco-Prussian war
In 1N70 one bullet In every 375 found
lta mark.
Next to bullets come artillery shots
In effectiveness. In 1H70 It required
eighty French ahota, weight 6K)
pounds, to disable one German, bnt tn
ISM I. 10 shots, weight nearly one ton.
were Ured to disable one Itusslnn.
Appalling accounts of slaughter, es
pecially of Germane, have been given,
but at their worst Geuk-Tepe In tbe
Russo-Turkish war of lf1 leads In
carnage. With breechloader 1,000
Ktisaians slew H.iMsj Turks In one
hour Head battle lines hnrc hero re
ported In the western aone. The writ
er saw one sncb at Antletam In IHfiS
when General Hooker's giine to the
nnmher of thirty swept with canister
thirty acre field of standing corn
screening a Confederate line of battle
In bis official report Hooker as. Id, "In
tbe Mme I am writing every stalk of
corn In the northern and greater part
of tbe field waa cut as closely as could
be done with a knife." Along the
northern fence of that field lay. well
aligned, over a thousand dend In gray
Prisoners Counted In Losses.
It appears from analysis of retorts
ot losses m r. u rope tnat wnen given in
gross for any battle or campaign the
prisoners are Included among tlie
"missing." Where the classes are sep
arated, aa In the English sod Oertnan
reports, the ratio of killed to wounded
does not sucuest canilvalsof slaughter.
In the Belgium to Parts rniniialgn In
August and Scptemlicr the total for the
British was about 3-t.tsm October to
December tn western Helglnm. the rec
ord was Htsiut 60.000. Tbe Rrltlsb orig
inally mustered UO.OiiO strong; Increas
ed Infer to .likl.OOO total. Its loss of &4..
(s-aiiioiififs to 'JN per cent
The French and fU-tglans also Inst
60.01 0 In western Belgium out of ap
proximately 300.000 The allies esti
mate the Germans bi Itelgloro at 500,.
ODD and doubtless wonkjn't own to su
perior numbers opposed, therefore tbelr
losses of Ust.OMO may he computed on
600.000 or less, hence at least 20 per
cent
Russians report "bear? tosses" by
Germans In their frontal attacks before
Warsaw In I Vcember and name 20.0110
aa a safe aggregate. Flue where tbey
place tbe German strength at WO.OOU
If so tbe kwts was but little over S per
rent, which ts Insignificant for a aeries
of battle Aasnmlng that only 100,000
men were Involved, that loss was) 30 per
cent, therefore not pbeoonenai.
Military Lessons. j
The old aud very obvtom lesson that 1
the belligerent w hich can move forces
aud supplies a loin, interior tinea baa
tbe advantage has been demonstrated
anew tn liU Germany may hare
lost her grip upon Fans tbe first Week
lu Septeuioer because liuasla. was
pounding at her hack, door within the
border of F-at Prussia But sne ssrel
Berlin by being able to rush truops ny
rail from her western to tbe eastern
border.
The machine gun once more Jnsudrs
the enthosltsm of its early advocates.
Tbe modem Men is. it ts true, taat in
fantry snou.,1 not he pushed aiin't s
Mne ta r.i-w-1. . ,r at;,sM. ljt if w 0
w. r 'Wfl e- 1 ssv
1 sr .af
niiipcti that a hadei will aupxise tnat
11 position which He cove! is l.ut
lightly defended or uuj nceii tut 1 1 iU
Jti ted by long riiuge nrtliier (ir
Thiiiklng that s rush will carry me
day. he sends bis men m. and that is
the time fur the miii-tiliie gun to u
the Held lu rroiit with bullet.
The niHM-dve cannon, lu w hl h Oer
inniij seeuin to tune the lead. Uaa
oftvu shown Its capacity in practice).
X
fV' ag-V
Photo by Ameiican' Frees Association.
ORRMAN dNTI-am CRAFT SCN.
But Idege, Naiuiir aud Antwerp were
needed to coorluce doooters that It
wua a practical wenp.iu for the field.
Improved methods ot transportation
make It possible to get to the movnUM)
tiring line engines tbnt would formerly
have been restricted to turn Mentions
Test ot War Aviation.
The aerial warship tuts yet to prove
Its etlicieucy liotnue have Deeu droo
ped, hut wltUout inflicting damage that
would put a bnttit-sirtp ut fort out of
commission. Tbe f:i-t is that bombs
have tieeu in ue for over u century,
and the results ut getting tuem into
the nir and down on a ship or fort
bin-u uot b.-eu serious. What might
ti.Me Is-eu had Hie iiiitiaii craft gun
ml hceti hroiiKht to M-rte.tioii will
pronalily iter el lie (lemon-Iinle.l. I'lio
lorj.e.lo which the siiitiuariue u.-, s wILO
such eOect shows wlnil flnpieus W'Den
u t.oii.b is put in ttjt. right place. Air
ships ihiiiisiinds ot f.-ct lu I lie air nave
iillle chance of dropping a l.ouih In
Jut the right place. The a... plane bi
precisely w hat a Hunted class .,t think
ers believed It woiuo) prove to ue-a
gissj scout -soniellllies
The aer..laiie Is credlled wltb bar
ing revealed to the Germans the OOsU
i les that lay In the way of Geueral von
Kluck's dash to Paris un the 8d of
September. It may also bars revealed
to the French tbat Von Kluck was
bended for tbelr capital and enabled
tti.in tu put the obstacles In hla path.
The motor truck or auto machine In
any form has proved a success and
reroliuiniiir.ed transportation in tho
lighting zone. Annies have often
moved suddenly upon paths which the
enemy little suspected they wonld
lake, and the motorcar ennbied them to
fiake ieed unheard of Id former
w ars Russia a motor artillery checked
the tierinana on the lO.ura river, Po
land. In the December campaign.
The Situation In December.
Attempts hy the allies tn September
to turn the German Intrenched line on
the Mouse snd Alsne In France led to!
a second campaign In Belgium. The'
Germans swung their rtgbt frestwan?J
from Antwerp, which they captured
t. J. to the channel coast Prora Os
teml .onthwnrd to Arras the flat eotm
try wns fought over nnttl It csme to a
rler.dlock
In DecenilH-r the Germans drew off
tn.ow to send to Poland, and the battle
waned tn Belgium until the end of the
month Germans e,re also sent from
eastern France, and In their absence
the French ngaln Invaded Alsace, re
covering In mid December German ter
ritory taken and then lost In August
Hostilities begnn In July tv-tween
Austria and Servia. Austrian Invasion
was repulsed, and Belgrade held ont
ontll Dec. 2 On the I.'.fli Austria evac
uated Belgrade, snd the end of the
month found the plucky Servlsna on
Anatrlan soil opposite their capital.
Early In the war Montenegrins In
vaded Ia.niatla. and French warships
supported then- attacks upon Cattaro,
but the kmt remained lu Austria's con
trol at the end of the year.
Jsiti activity ceased with the cap
ture In Novemlsr of Kliucbao. China,
whk-h the German population bad de
fended for over two months with valor
espjal to hat of the Belgians at tbe
ther edire of the rs.iittnent Tnriey
entered the conflict u November and
sf the close of lH-cemtvr claimed rtc
tnrhi alone tbe Oti.-a.itn border, aa
Re'! as r. ivtiI siieeM,., in the Rlack
-a a hi the iHirth.-rn ?n,l western
febttne i.-ri.-s ...nrll. ting claims of op
rswlr.c s-',s ..n the Turkish frontier
rami'? muar tv re.-onr!led. .Rise
wt.ef, 'i s!,u n-vt.-w Is iven an ootihsi
,,f . . ivuves-n Antm c iermans
:i I!ui'-.s ;,i tu , r 1 of rati