MARINES RAISING STARS AND STRIPES AT ST. THOMAS
nilRy
BRANDS AND STANDARDS TEND TO DEVELOP
BETTER FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC MARKETS
«ACTS
M UST M A K E B E T T E R B U T T ER
Im p o rts E m p h a siz e Im p re ssiv e Lesson
fo r D a iry m e n — F o re ign C om
petition A ctive.
T o meet foreign competition, dairy
fanners o f the United States must be
able to produce u better quality o f
product and produce and market it
more economically und more efficient
ly, according to specialists in the
bureau o f markets, United States de
partment o f agriculture.
Arrivals o f shipments o f Danish but
United States marines raising the Stars and Stripes over the fort at St. Thomas, once a stronghold for p ira te« ter are already affecting prices on the
New York City market. Argentina is
This “ paradise of Jolly Rogers” is now guarded and polieed by men o f the murine corps.
producing nearly three times the
amount o f butter and cheese con
sumed, and some o f the surplus may
be expected to come to this country
or compete with our products in fo r
eign countries. Before the war Si
beria was rapidly extending its dulry
industry and when conditions become
settled in that country It may be ex
pected to come back as a factor in
the world’s market. Recently there
have been signs o f Interest in dairy
ing in South Africa, and the industry
ns developed in New Zealand and Aus
tralia must be reckoned with.
I f the dairy products manufactured
In the United States are o f a better
quality than those from other countries
they need not fea r competition. Can
ada’s cheese Industry illustrates this.
A strict system o f government super
vision in the training o f cheese
makers, in the operating o f the fac
tories, and in the grading, marketing
and exporting o f the product, exists
there. This has tended toward an
improvement in the quality o f Ca
nadian cheese until It ranks with the
finest on the English markets.
The dairy industry In Argentina has
A group o f big business and real estate men o f Chicago have formed the Chicago Housing association to project grown rapidly since the beginning o f
plans for building homes at cost, to he sold to the public at cost. Members o f the Chicago Housing association, made the war. Before the w ar butter ex-
u tour of Inspection o f the new homes which the association is constructing at Pleasant Gardens on the South side.
One hundred and seventy-five houses, all fireproof, are to be erected by the association. About sixty are nearly
completed at the present time. These homes will be sold to the wage earners at cost, approximately $4,(XX), on a
basis of 10 per cent cash and the balance within 15 years.
SOLVING THE HOUSING PROBLEM IN CHICAGO
RETURNING TREATY TO PRESIDENT
SLAYS MOUNTAIN LION
Part of One of Shipments of Danish
Butter Arriving in New York Which
Have Caused American Dairy In
terests to S cj the Possibility of
Growing Foreign Competition.
ports from that country totaled 3,262
tons a yea r; in 1918 they were five
times that. Cheese exports were far
exceeded by the imports In 1913. Now
the conditions are reversed— over 6,000
tons o f cheese being exported In 1918.
Today most o f these exports ore
going to European markets, but
should conditions become favoruble it
may be expected that some o f these
w ill come to this country. The bu
reau o f markets warns dairymen to be
prepared to meet this competition.
By a vote of 47 to ¡17, file rejected treaty was returned to the president.
L eft to rig h t: \V. I,. Van Horn and G. A. Sanderson, secretary o f the senate,
who Is carrying the defeated document to the executive office o f the White
House.
SOLVES LANDING PROBLEM OF PLANES
Mr. J. W. Howell with the mountain
lion he killed. Mr. Howell was watch
ing a full-grown cow elk which he had
approached to within 20 feet, when
this mountain lion leaped upon the elk
und killed her, nnd Mr. Howell then
killed the lion.
FR A N C E'S G R E A T E S T B EA U T Y
Mile. Lucille Bataille, selected by a
committee o f prominent politicians,
artists, nnd theatrical managers as
France's’most beautiful girl, during re
cent contest at Hotel de Vllie. She
was awarded prize after careful se
lection from almost 1,000 contestants,
and crowned as the queen o f queens
CANS B E T T E R T H A N B U C K ETS
M o s t C on ve n ie n t fo r C o lle c tin g M ilk
a t B a r n s and C o n v e y in g It to
the House.
Milk nnd cream from even a few
cows can be much more conveniently
handled In regular milk cans than In
the shallow pans and wide-mouthed
buckets commonly used. Cans are con
venient fo r collecting the milk at the
barn and transferring it to the house.
These cans may be bought In vari
ous sizes. For handling cream and
sklmmilk where separators are used,
or even where cream is set to sour for
buttermaking, the "shotgun can” is
very convenient. It can be easily cov
ered nnd set in water and Is conven
ient to handle.
In sp e ctin g B u tte r P re p a ra to ry to S h ip p in g It to a F ore ign M arke t. O th e r
T h in g s Be in g Equal, Inspected P r o d u c ts A r e Counted M o re D e s ir a b ly
T h a n T h o se N o t Inspected.
(Prepared by the United States Depart have developed some trade there In re*
ment of Agriculture.)
cent months.
There may be nothing in a name, but
there is a lot in a brand, especially
In the export trade. Practically all ex
port business of food products Is han
dled on a basis of branded goods. To
a much greater extent than the Ameri
can producer realizes foreign buyers
make use o f brands in purchasing
products by cable, and importers in
foreign lands depend upon brands in
judging the ^quality of the products
they handle.
There are three ways o f buying
goods for export. One way is by the
use o f samples o f standard products,
another by orders, often cabled, giving
instructions to agents to buy specified
quantities o f certain branded prod
ucts; the third method, by fa r the
least used, is fo r an importer to visit
foreign countries in person and select
products wanted.
Advantages o f Brands.
In the United States the use of
standard and o f many copyrighted
brands on domestic products has
helped sell goods o f various kinds and
trade-marked goods o f quality have en
joyed wider distribution than non
standard, unbranded products. Many
concerns that have not developed any
export business own copyrighted trade
marks on products sold in home mar
kets which they value among the chief
assets o f their business.
O f course it is not enough merely to
use brands, but their use today is com
ing more nnd more to be hacked up
by quality in the goods so labeled. Es
pecially is this true where products
nre widely advertised. There are some
commodities fo r which a brand is in
itself an advertisement and when this
brand becomes known nmong buyers
as a guaranty o f quality or grade, it
serves to expedite the sale o f the prod
uct.
Take butter, fo r example, o f which
the United
States
exported
over
30,000,000 pounds during the first ten
months of 1919.
A large amount of
American butter is shipped without
inspection or grading; it is not han
dled so that foreign buyers know whnt
they nre receiving and as a result it
does not sell as well in foreign mar
kets as butter from countries where
inspection and branding are practiced.
Investigators in the dairy market
ing division o f the federal bureau of
markets has found that unbranded but
ter from the United States, while sell
ing freely during the present scarcity
o f butter in other countries, is not like
ly to retain a hold on foreign buyers
after other countries resume exporta
tion. In this fact is an important les
son not only fo r dniry interests but
other producers desirous o f expanding
their trade abroad.
Creamery men
cannot expect to develop a foreign
market fo r their products unless they
establish reputations fo r their goods
Just as manufacturers In other lines
have done— and standards or brands
are a great aid In such business devel
opment.
B u ild in g a F ore ign Trade.
Before the war Denmark was a large
factor in the International trade In
butter. She has been famous for her
dairy products fo r years, not only on
the continent, hut in South America,
where even In out-of-the-way comers
o f the tropics travelers found the only
butter available came In cans with a
Danish label. New Zealand has built
up a trade with Europe in butter
through a government inspection serv
ice, and butter must measure up to
certain standards before the Inspect''—'
w ill place their stamp upon It.
Inspection Service.
This Idea oi inspected nnd branded
D IF F IC U L T CH URNING CAU SES butter is not new in the United States,
for the federal department o f agricul
A m o n g O th e r T h in g s C re a m M a y Be ture has been Inspecting Interstate and
Canal zone shipments o f butter for
T o o T h in and T em p eratu re M a y
some time. This Inspection, however,
N o t B e R ig h t.
Is not compulsory, and has not ns yet
been applied to export trade to any
Difficult churning may be due to sev
great extent. Recently a large purchase
eral factors:
o f hotter fo r export was in sp e cted hr
T oo thin cream. It should test be
a United States government inspector
tween 30 to 35 per cent fat.
W rong churning temperature o f the at the request o f the purchaser who
bought the butter subject to inspection.
cream. Sixty degrees is about right.
In a few instances It may be due to This is said to he the first time that
inspection by any government hns been
the action o f certain germs.
In some Instances it may be due to asked fo r on any large amount o f but
feeding foods which produce a large ter exports. Exporters in the United
States who ship to Central America
percentage o f hard fats.
Sour cream churns easier than sweet usually us» brands on their butter and
5.868 Filipinos Served in Navy.
The "Uyroooptor,” Henry A. Berliner's new machine that is designed to
It is not generally known that 5,868
enable an airplane to rise or descend on a very small area. This machine,
which w ill operate Independently when tilted forward, will fly horizontally. Filipinos have served In the American
cream.
navy.
The tilting Is accomplished by changing the center o f lifting pressure.
I f the United States is to keep its
present export trade in dairy products
and not suffer from possible competi
tion in home markets, it is necessary
to pay more attention to the quality o f
Its products and make fuller use o f
brands and scores in handling its but
ter production. What applies to dairy
products applies to many other lines
as well.
SMALL HOUSES BEST
FOR CHICKEN FLOCK
Size of Building Should Be Gov*
erned by Number of Hens.
Smaller Breeds Being More Active and
Restless Require About as Much
Space as Larger Ones— Make
Structure Square.
The size o f the hen house should be
governed by the size o f the flock. From
40 to 50 seems to be about as many
birds as are safe to keep together.
With flocks o f this size from four to
five square feet of floor space should
be nilowed to each bird. Tills will
suffice in most cases where careful at
tention is given to cleanliness and ven
tilation.
I f the fow ls are kept in
smaller flocks more floor space to a
bird w ill be needed.
In sections where the climate is so
mild that it is unnecessary to keep
fow ls confined, except fo r a fe w days
ar a time, less space to a bird should
be sufficient. The smaller breeds, being
more active and restless, require about
as much room as the larger breeds.
F or tlie greater nmount o f floor
space for the least cost a building
should be square. Other things being
equal, the nearer square a house is
the less lumber it w ill take according
to poultry specialists o f the United
States department o f agriculture. H ow
ever, It is sometimes out o f the ques
tion to build a large house square. A
building should not be so wide that
the sun cannot reach the back o f the
house, otherwise it will be damp.
Fourteen feet is convenient- width.
Build the house as low as possible
without danger of attendants humping
their heads against the ceiling, fo r the
low house is more easily warmed than
a high one.
POOR H A T C H ES A R E COM M ON
C o n d itio n of E g g s P re v io u s to H a tc h
ing I s M o re A p t T h a n In c u b a
tion to B e Cause.
Poor hatches are common with poul-
trymen, but what causes them is a
much discussed question. The answer
depends on a great variety o f circum
stances. The condition o f the eggs
previous to hatching is more apt than
the incubation to be the cause, al
though Improper handling in either
case w ill produce the same results,
says the United States department o f
agriculture. When eggs fail to hatch,
first see whether the breeding stock
Is kept under conditions which tend
to produce strong, fertile germs in
the eggs; next, whether the eggs have
been handled properly before incuba
tion ; and lastly, whether the condi
tions were right during incubation.
When an incubator is used a daily
temperature record should be kept o f
each machine. The operator can then
compare the temperature at which
the machines hnve been maintained.
This may prove o f value in the fu
ture, especially i f the brooder records
can be checked back against those o f
the incubator.
N E V E R P LO W U N D ER M A N U R E
W h en Seeding F ie ld to C lo v e r F e rti
lizer and D is k in g Le ave M u ch
t o C o n se rv e M oistu re.
N ever plow under manure or fer
tilizers when seeding a field to clover.
The manure and disking leave an ex
cellent mnlch on the surface o f the
I
ground which conserves moisture, es
pecially during the hot dry weather
, In midsummer.
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