V -t turrc, m
Jr wanderer!
IVt ws ttakbhl to thoe!
Patient hopes iMtMlttvr!
Kwt Im been blind to thee!
J frwu rude editor
Lynx-eyed their scrutiny.
U thy dttvrvditora;
Tfcla not to mutiny.
He Id obscurity,
Till, Id futurity,
Law may. b tMNMHl
Decreeing U tellable
To writ "not ftVMllabl.
"Uenlus" to Wart.
The, with no stint space,
Tuou'K, at a sin-niter' imce,
Owia from the.vriuter case
IiMWied-tit lust!
Mrs. F, F. Victor.
ojSSH'R tnvltatkin to put myself
wiVL ,U flloilg Wltll Other.
tV IHrtuulty r which I
ajf aomewlta tvluctautly tivalt
fc( myself. At rule 1 have
Nlf avoided personalities a being
jjfWJ liad form," and eVkleUce of
weakue.s. However, expe
rience has forced upon my observa
tlou thai truththat while men, even
tueu of no great intellectual or moral
value to society, wn create a constit
uency .whk-h will brtutr them proWs
of reputatkui, position, and Imrd cash
by means of which women cannot or
will not avail themselves, the woman
of uo matter how much Industry, aim
Ity, or moral worth to not -recogulaed
licoauaa of her refusal lo adopt cer
tain of their methods, well ah on
accouut of her Inferiority from a po
litical point of ylow. But tduee the
Statesman, with a sagacity uuuaual
la tMiwmpaper practh, una asked fur
"anything personal" regarding the
live of pioneer la the various mil
lug folio will Ity wen, luul baa litclud
d uie by addressing ma aa "lMtr
Sir." I aui persuaded to Call into line
and proscot my mnlnlacettce wlih
the sarnie egotism whk-h la allowed to
other member of the body politic.
When 1 emu to the Pacific coast
from New York in lSuS tuy liusbnud,
Heury Clay Vk-tor. wa unit assist
nut engineer In the I'ultcd States
nary. Ills ship was at Narragansett,
ensuing to lutereept the coofinlorate
ulrata which were dwtroylnjr our
wbaliDir UtHt In the NorUt. iu the fol
ki4utc yar he tvHltrmxl on aocoitut of
IU health and dtatuUlty, and when he
was tusurtlully reeovnxl rauw to Ore
goa. Uw whk-h he hal a roiuuntk' ad
miration liiwlrvd toy ralliiit u
couver'a VoyaxM ainl othw early
books about Uils rriciou; and I, who
had been living In Kan t raiu mco foi
a year and a half, joined blin at IVrt-
Und. Ho was as deouly uankoritl a
ever of ibla country, ami nude several
tfforts to found Imlustirlt. anuwii
whloh were salt making aiul coal
niluintr. but whtah rovid abortive
for Ttutsoua whloh plomer in wh
enternrtoos can realllji nnderstiuid.
He wan loat with two bitudred other
nasseuxers when the ateaoier Pji-HIc
fouiklennl off Cape Flattery In Xo
Tenlr. 1S75.
While in Sun Franelam I wrote for
the Bveututc Bulletin qiilt regularly
both on liiMlde and ouuude uiatlera
and rooelved lllieral way. Jklr. Jaim-n
MhIh1 was etlltoNnlilof at rhul
4lme, He was a noble nmu and court
t-o'ta, ami his hxui In 1Sm by the sink
lint .of the Brother JotuLtltau off Cres
cent tMty mitilw many hearts aad. none
iiKira ao than tny own, for to nie lie
, liail acted aa an eldr Another duriiiK
my connection with the Itulltcin.
nhilo lit Sun r'ram wco I wrote a
sorlca of ftaera for the (ohbn Kin,
then tlw literary lourtuU of Oillforiilii
whk'lt hiut fur amtribittora C.lmrle
R hb, Bret llarte and all the
hrlirhtest writers tliou on the tniast.
Wlb end I wrote society articles, lu
a batlf ntirthruL half satirical vein.
Ills nom de plume was Inlo, iiilnc
PloniM'n l-Ninl and we riicinl for nre-
cederK- In public favor with the
result that most people said the two
were onefor as usual they ueclileil
that no woman conM te ns "'irt
as a man who waa an acknowledKcd
wit. liut l nau my sutisiactlou .n'ii
I made a tour of the mining districts,
and my bitstuml mealed tny identity
to the minors, who presented me mote
stock on the sU-engMi of my Horcm't'
Faul artk'les tlmn I knew what to do
wltli. In fact I did nothing with
handful of shares btxiiuse I did not
know on which to pay ohkouuiii'HIh,
and airnply let all lapse-wbk h thrift'
lussnetm no doubt acraunts for my
subsequent want of fortune. In the
autumn of 180t I In-oame the editor of
the iNew Hri, an Odd Fellows' Journal
stnrtid at that time, and wrote for it
a history of (Kid Fellowship; but my
connection .with .that ixtiter was
broken off by my removal to Port
land.
Mr. Victor having preceded me to
Oregon I followed In the winter of
IHtVHSS on the steamer Brother Jon
athan. In thoie times the steamers
went alternately to Vktorla end Fort-
land for their flrst landing. On this
trip the Jonathan went to Victoria
flrst, wiring me a view of the bcautl
ful little harbor, made doubly plctur
esque by the prtence of the Indian
canoe with Its gaily blanketed pnd
dlcrs, darting from point to point with
the ftwtftness and silence of winged
creatures. At Victoria our passenger
list was -Increased by the party of
Gharlea Keen, the actor, with ill.
Kean and their niece. But as the
weatihar iwaa exceedingly bad when
we came out of the strait on our voy
age to Portland and all the way to the
mouth of the Columbia, I had no op
portunity to become acquainted with
any one of the party until we met at
our first meal on board the ship
whk'h was after we came Inside the
bar on Ohriat.nas evening. As we sat
at table, In quiet water, I said to Cap
tain De Wolf, "I supiKwe we are near
our destination now? ' "Within a hun
dred and ten miles of It," he replied,
at which I exclaimed wouderitigly,
and was Informed that It was so many
miles up the Oriumhla, and so many
more up the Wallamet (They did nol
spell It Willamette at tliat time.) And
then I had to confess that I never
had heard of the iWallamet, and had
always believed I'ortkiud waa on the
Columbia. It was put down m when
I studied geography, I said, and all
Eastern people thought as I did.
It la a ;urloiw fact that Hits very
natural iblunder was the cause of my
lively Jnterest In the country, for 1
am nothing If not accurate, when It
ds possible to know a tiling, and 1 be
gan from that Instant to Inquire of
everybody I met something about the
country' physical features first, and
then about Its history. Among the
geographical features which I noted
was that the rivers of Oregon, except
the Columbia, which bounded it, ran
north, and tliat the Wallamet valley
was enclosed on the east, south and
west by mountains, forming; a vast
pouch with Its mouth opening on the
Columbia, nils was an Interesting
jihysksal Xact wihich afterwards be
me more Intertthig when Its bear
ing on the early history of the state
Mine Into view.
The ftrst person to whom I was In
troduced was the governor of Oregon,
Addison O. OLbbs. In conversation
with htm I made a laughing allusion
to my Ignorance concerning the coun
try, whklh he replied was not remark
able since so few books were written
about thl part of the Pacific coast,
and added that there ougiht to be
soinetihlng published which would cor
rect false Impressions In the minds
of Hople In the Uiwt. "(Mi," I said,
"If that Is what is wanted, It Is Just
In my line, and I should enjoy study ing
the country with the purpose of
writing It up." The governor then
auggested that the legislature would
probably make an appropriation to de
fray the expense of publMiIng such a
book. Thus encouraged I set out as
won as the pring opened to look up
tny subject matter, travelling as far
outh as Yoncalla, stopping at ail the
(own a ud iutervUtwing the oldest
rcUUnbt. ' v ;
Just us a growllitftge in the people's
llhomllty of sentiment I must hJate
some of ny experlemns, prcracliig the
rmtai fwnt.n urn mention mat a woman
wtMMW im t cannot recall bad been
lu OrntoD a short tlmw befor tny ad
vent calling herself a writer, and col
lecting ubcrlptlom for a ublicMtlon
of some nrt. iihe had proven a fraud,
whether 4nrentkuially or not, and peo
ple wtTP, on her account, anstilekuis
of me. Uoreruor (llbbs had vrnn
meiKbM me to call on Judge Petnly
for siH-b UKks aa might aid me hi
hlstorkwl restviri, at the saiine time
telling ine that the jmlga wits of a lit
erary turn, and was a rorreapomlent
of tht Hau Fitiolseo Kveulug llulle
till. Ho Riso gave me )ive to use his
tvime. Armed with this Information
I calUl utt the Judge cameling to be
rtvelTwl with favor. To my eunnise
I waa not m received.' mil was tolu
that OrtHfon hnd unerHt enough t
t ho hands of K.liKTiVitt acrlldders. lli'.a
tllitg waa meant not only for the
woman iHifore mentioned, but was on
aMUtt of an article hi the Atlantic
Monthly tiy Frits Hugh Ludlow who
had wrltteu sonietlilinr which was uu
dersriMMl s an Impertinence by the
Oregon Inns,
Although somewhat" emlwirraased by
my minion I filled tliat 4 coitld not
how ktKiwhilge of a country was
to lie obtained wltlssit itliieriincy; that
1 hud btHMi avuitoimd to travel with
such an object; that I waa e paid or-
renpomlout of tlie millet in to wnicli
I hud sent several letters altut (i ni
ton wl'.k-h 1 must Isdleve the iMple
woukl nitprorm if tiliey read them,
ami that my sole nmixme lu comhig
to him wttM to iis rtnise my knowledge
of tiie aubject In hand. I bud no
stHiiier tumtloued Iho lliilletln than
the Judgo' (suintenauce relaxel, and
the lutcrviw ended by a conllul per
mlsskut a use til llhmry aa If It were
my own. end from that day until his
death Judge Pivuty waa the staunch
rat and most bcVful of my Oivguu
frlemla. Blcisl he his memory I
The next nmu who had something
to do with tny work waa lion. J.
Qulun Thornton. An Albany lady
who knew a little something about
me, Mrs. Shotmnl, now of Kauta, Cru,
California Invited m to spciHl a few
days with her when I went up the val
ley. whhh Invitation I avcpted. It
waa she who Introduced me to Judge
Tliorntou ami wife, who entertained
me at tb4r place In Bcuuu uuty,
for two day, during whtuh time the
Judge told me the rirly history of
uivgm fciuu the lltklson Hay com
pany's Miot of view. Afterwards he
wrote tno wveril letters in the same
vein; but wilion 1 published, my "Blver
of he Went," he came mit savagely
against tho very staleui.ius be had
given im. At Allniny I met Jmlge
Ihdier aud the Muhtetth brothors,
from all of whom I received many
eoumfet. At Con-allls I called on
Mrs. Avery, the pioneer woman of
that row u. and ItHtoucd to stories of
crossing the plains and the early set
tlement of Oregon. From 1'orvsllls
to VommHa was one ride, occupying
.1 night natd art of Hie uext day, lu B
stage ctaM'U.
1 shall never furgi-t my reception
by tlie "Siige of Ymicalla," Jesse A
plegate. He stood at the gate when
(he stage drove up. His phlloKophinil
head rUi haven, with Its huge ears
stiimllug almost, at right angles to his
face, his large mouih stretch! wide
In a cordial yet half uulxshal smile,
togeibcr with his gaunt tlgure and
fanner's garb made alugetlo-r a mosl
unexpected plcinrefnr 1 bud heartl n
great di-nl about this dregoii stales-
iitati, ami bHkH fur something differ
cut. Ten days wew sMnt at hU
house, the evenings of which were
devoted to blstoiical reuiliilsi-ciices,
and of all the minds 1 have ever come
In contact with 1 think his the must
Independent; for though stored with
learning be did not draw bis Ideas
from other men's stork, but thought
lor himself. As he liked to talk. In
his delllKM-ate, reneetlve way. I only
bad to listen. The only subject on
whk-h I dlm-overed we were opposed
was that of woman s rights. Mr, An
plegate bud tlie old-fashloucd opinion
that all a woman needed of education
was euoitgb to inuks her a good wlfi
m-corilliig to the same ancient stum
a hi. But I stHTccded lu iip-etilug
some of menu nuthsis, nod when I
came away he said to me, "l Hhoubl
be proud if I could call you my dangh
tcr." Front that time until he imssed
to tlie Imyoml we were friends and
correspondents.
W. U Adams, at tliat time collector
of the HM't ut As! win, bad a good deal
of reputatkiu ua a literary, or at least
as a now-amuM num. 1 n-celved an
Invitation to his house, where I was
presenti-d with a file of the llrst pa
per publkdicil on the Paid tic coast
the Oregon Spectator, for 1HH1 and
part or MM. which I still have. Whlh!
In Astoria I culhd on Mrs. W. II.
Uray, wlto kindly allowed ine to take
for peruxal one of two copies of
"nines' oyago to Oregon;" but a few
hours later a messenger came from
Mr. Cray withdrawing the book. This
did not deter him from usking me a
fuw mouths km r to place In his
iiatsis the material for history which
I had gathered up. I did not give It
to him, and we never were very
rricnuiy nrtorwanls. lie was publish
lug a paper at Astoria, chiefly to get
ills history of Oregon Into nrlut la tt
serial form, ami 1 availed myself of
tin information it contained. It hal
not ocetirml to me to quest.kn his
facts, anil when I wrote niy "ltlvcrs
of the IVwrt" 1 liu'oriKirated in It the
now familiar sfry of Dr. Whitman's
Journey to Washington In the winter
to prevent the Aslilmrtou treaty from
being signed; and my hastily wrltteu
book was in print before! more careful
research stowed me that I had Hiidlv
blundered In accepting Cray's state
ment concerning so Important a mut
ter as a treaty between two great
powers. Kurt her Invesllgntlon re
venlwl other errors In IiIh history, tlm
(MiiTix'tkiu of which by me did not In
crease the entente cordialn between
in. One of the most useful authori
ties I luul to refer to was Mr. A. B.
ItolMM-ts of Oathlamct, who for many
years was bold clerk of the Hudson
Hay company at Vancouver, with
whom I corresponded for several
yieaim. From bis letters and answers
to my qiicHtioiiM very valuinlile matter
Wits oblii,lnel, oh well as from those of
other iiiombcrs of the Hudson Buy
company.
I could go on giving incidents nt
great length of the manner In which
I studied Oregon from every side, but
It would occupy to iniicli space. Iot
me return to niy Isiok making. The
work about the country, chiefly dis-
wiptlve, which I prepared I offered to
several Kustrn ntihllshers, but they
mvarianiy rfpiiw that there was no
market for suHi a book; the Kn stern
people were not Interestwl In Oregon.
While I was trying to Had a publish
er the "Colfax party," as It was
termed, whlcri included A. D. Rich'
urdHoa, the fjMiioiw war correHpoiiden.t
of tlie Now York Times, who suffered
in Anderson vine prhon, mid who died
by assassination, not long after bis
visit to the const, came to Portland.
and to Mr. Itbrhardsoa I relat:! my
rrotuiie aiiout getting into prinr, With
bis usual gen.'i'oiis ami helpful spirit
he offr'red to carry the .manuscript to
New jforn ami get some publisher to
take it. He did so, but was no more
Hweeswful than I hud been, The Isiok
I aftcrwnms published at my own ex
pense In Han Ftnnclsco, under the title
of "All Over Oregon and Washing
ton," and ttio sale iieing limited to
this coast gave me no profit. It was
then about 1872 I trlid to Interest the
legislature in the matter, but they had
soldiers' bounties to pay, and would
vote no money to advertise tlie slirte.
In this effort I was oinposed, too, by
Mrs. A. J. Dunlway, who was punish
ing me for aaytng something not rad
ical enough on the suffrage question.
I felt this to lie more than "a rose-leaf
on tlie bwiker'a brim," 'because I had
contributed a law amount of unpaid
matter to Wie New Northwest for Ilia
good of her undertakings. Alt Hie
same, when I came to write the his
try of Oregon and WaHbbigton 1
gave lHr Im idlts slm detcrved for
her iwork lu ths Held of wouiau'i
rights.
It was during nw first year lu Ore
gou that I met JostH'b Miefe. I
think It wtu Judge lkady who
brought about the imping, ami Meek
sent me Unit eh of mite lu pencil
I'vory little while for year or more.
On ouo occasion Im canne to town to
Imve a photograph taken by .Mr. Jo
sefdi Bishtil, from which an engrav
ing waa to is made, but did not come
near mas By clsiiwe I nm htm as he
came down the stairs from Buchtcl's,
ami be was looking illwliatcd euougli
Unit) 'sl 'White from drinking.
WlMni no "recognised me the gentleman
In him aswH'ted Itself, ami he said
with a leply sixilogeik- air: "Punish
me any way you please, Mra. Victor,
I know I am unworthy to Mak to
ivu; and 1 promise on iny sacred
tKUior not to bo aeeu by you lu this
condition agiiin." Nor did I ever see
him riNilly lutoxlcatiMl af toward
IH'rlwps IsTause whiw 4m came to
town he usually reisirted to me. and
1 took imvutun to prevent Idiu from
UHHttiug too uiauy of hi acquaint
aucca on the treat. For this and lav
muse he was uuule the hero of "The
lUver of tho West," he outwtalued for
me a profound nsisct aud affeetloii,
as tvtltiod and kyiN aa one could wish
r friMii tlie mmi cultural of men.
Wtani bis vea were l'llisl with ap
proaching death he culled Uhui uiy
name; but I, in tan FraucbMHi, was
IgnorHiit of this dying wish to bid me
faro well, lany persons aald, and
probably Ulleved, that Aleck paid me
several thousand dollar for writing
his ailveutures. He had nothing to
give mo but hi farm, ami that "be
longed to hi children. I made no
money, or at best very llttto atiove
the expeime of pulJicaUoii from this
very lmpuktr iHsik. It wa year or
two after it aptMaram that 1 pub
ItstHMl the work already mentioned -"All
Over Oregon Ami WaahliigUai."
lu the meantime I had been writ
ing for tlie Overland Monthly, both de
scriptive and historical artWle. over
tuy own ttaaue, aud without any sig
nature at ail, quite a number of short
storle of Western life. For these lat
ter 1 fwidvinl no credit, and Kw r
sous wen aware tliat 1 ever indulged
la Imaginative writing. A Portland
kidy suggeHted to me tliat U would Is
well to repubUsli 4liem iu I took fiH'Ill
with my name ou tlie title mge. This
I did lu 1M77, mldlng a small collec
tion of fHHms, all umler the title of
"Ills' .'w J'wielniH'." Tlds Ismk wn
not Ntereotysi, and only one thoii
sniid waa in-luted, whk-h were rnidlly
soltt, and netted me a small protlt.
It uatl always Isn-n my practkre to
bo to &tn FraiM-isi'o often, a tsdug
better iKdirt far miy sort of work than
iMrtiaml. Aud in tliat connection 1
will state that on hundred dollars
woukl covw sit the pay 1 ver re-
ix'lveil fnnu Ortgou aewspasrs In the
thirty year 1 have given to writing
up Oregon. This Ignoring of my vnlue
as a writer naturally forced me to
wards CnllftMtila, where I -oukl iret
pay. In I.S7J l was writing for the
. r. ("all over the ihu name of "lH.r
othy !.," ami the papers I furnistiml
mi simliil mibji-cts would make a re
siectalJe volume. Hui nf.ti-r Hie pub-
llcaiton or "IHie -Sew J'elieloiH'," Mr,
H. II. ttmieroft of Kan Fmm-lseo nil
remised liln phm of pubHsbUig a
si-rh-s of Piicltk- cisist hlstirla. As
1 had prt'pand by a long alinly of my
subject to write a history ttt Octtion
wnicii siMMini im stiimlanl, l felt a
good deal cut mi by having my Held
Invaded by another, not so well pre-
pareu, nut w no had a pluum excheu
iieraiHl an army ofnsslNtants. It was
iiMehs to caiiiMte wiltii stu b superior
ron-es, mi ou iHiiig solicited by Mr.
IkusToft t become om of ills collab
orators, nithor than have my previous
work lost 1 cousi'iiteil lo Join hi corps
oi writers, inking as my amnion Ore
gon history, into this I put all that
i coiiki or my material, doing my
work as ronaclouUousty as If 1 had
hecu writing with tlie hope of making
fame aud fortune for myself, though
at llrst iu the ardor of my iN-cupiuiou
lliluklug little uboiit that iiuio.-r. Af
ter I had U-cii nt work for a few
months Mr. Bancroft, who occasional
ly dnitHl Into my room lo bn to a
talk, said to me, "I expect lo fuiiicr
everytniug pnsiumi lu this lltirary.'
The nmuu-k sunirlsed nie. having
tlMMight so Utile ulxMit ti ls rather Hh
taut subject, aud having Ihm ii used to
tieing coiiiks'UsI wlih my writings as
autiior. "Wny, Mr. iiancmrt, I n
piled, "do you not Intend to give the
uame of your helpers ou the tlllc
pages?" "That la Just whal I wish
to amid," saild he. "I expect to give
each one a mention with my estimate
of them, at the end of the series. In n
volume which I shall call 'Literary In
dustiies.' " This avowal of his inten
tion towards tlie writers In the li
brary troubhsl me considerably. 1
did not know bbii well enough to
Judge how much or how little Justice
we should I'tvwvu at his hands, nor
could I kim titttlt the work hud been
all done. But as I was lu the midst
of an undertaking whk'h 1 had
planmxl and was executing, and In
vvbU-li I took pleasure, the troubling
question was dually cast aside, aud
(lie History or Oregon completed.
1 wish to my here tmit cnly those
who iiave done such work can esti
mate tlx! labor that gis-s Into the
writing of original history. I bud uo
example lesroro me of a complete his
lory of Oregon. I had a m iss of un
digested material of all kind -books
of early travel uul adventure, news
paper clippings, letters from itiomiiit.
tnetitt urns muTlediy taken and "rec
ollectlons" of men and women who
hod been "frewn the beginning" In tin
Oregon country. Home of I his was
undoubtedly authority, but ui had
lo lie proven, I hud constantly to cor
respond wltih peorili whom I knew
or did not know; and It did not take
me long to find out that memory, like
the human heart, was "deceitful" If
not "desperately wicked,"
It was my plan to give a faithful
study of the Oregon people, their char
acter, their motives and their achieve
ments. How faithfully this waa done
the tlmf, volume of "Oregon" shows
for Itself, I uudcirtonk to set lie the
uvcr-rociirrliiig question of the origin
of the word Oregon, and this I am
satWhsl l did. U was done so well,
at all event, that 'Mr. Scott of the
Orogiinliiii, adopted my explanation
and made an address out of It which
wins delivered before tho il'lotiecr ns-
sucliiMoii, In the cllyl of Portland,
inbuilt 1HIMI. There iwas only one iub-
Ject on which iiny portion of the co-
pie or Oregon were ut variance with
me; that was concerning the Whitman
Journey to the Host and Its object.
That 1 gave the , true history I still
miuiuaiin, tine oilier side having no
proof of tihelr position to amount to
anything, while I have .many much
more than I could Incorporate In gen
oral history. These proofs, when 1
get time, J hope to put Info a form
wnicli can ls read by all. In tin!
meantime capital Is being made by the
opposition by engaging pulpit orators
In their service.
My ,mot thorough study and my
material covered the period from 1K;I2
to 117 Inclusive. The second volumio
cn Oregon was made up more from
matter in tho Bancroft library and
newspaper tiles, and Is not quite the
perfect work I would have made It
If I had prepared for It as I did for
tho llrst volume. It errors, however,
are nut Humorous or Important. It
happened that sometimes when Mr.
Bancroft was reading manuscript he
altered what I hud said to make It
suit some opinion of hi own, or for
some other retiaon. For Instance, be
frequently changed my account of
Indian affairs In some part making
the narrative contradict Itself In oth
er parts. This be did, sb lie said, "to
be consistent " as in his Spanish his
tories It bad taken land against
the whl'e ma it ns opposed to tho In
dian. No allowance was imtdn for the
advance of chlllxaUon lu the white
limn In several cenlurles. Again If ho
wa dlspletscd with ft certain man
fer ft purely personal renaou, he seised
Hie opportunity to puulah him by leav
ing him out of history or by making
him obnoxloua. To the general reader
of today these blemishes may not ap
pear, uor will the future rendor liars
any knowledge, of them; still I regret
their exktence. The litstltulkma! mrt
of OregiHi hlatory Is most delk-letit,
for the nsnKsi that Mr. lhiucroft wns
miwltllng by the tlnw we had snive.1
At HMht istrt of the work, to give any
more tlm or expense u guils-rlng
those fact. A a whole I am willing
lo lot -my work stand, tlsiugh I had
not always ,hnd my way nlsmt It. J
woukl have had at the close of the
llrst volume only the biographies of
actual plimeers, but lo please still
serllsms who had imire wimlth than
the pkMieem, Mr, Ikmcroft Insisted In
giving thiiii the (dace, Till partial
expkuiatlou of the manner In which
tho history of Oregon wa written u
duo to myself, and I made by myself
tsieause uo one clue could make II.
Before 1 had coiiiplet.xl "Oregon"
tt leas arranged (twnl I should go on
until hud covered Washington, Ma
ho, Mon til no. Ooktrado, Wyoming and
Nevada, all of whk-h I did with the
exception of the Introduction to "Ne
vada," wlrteh Mr, Itancroft Imd (simi
tlme written. Arior llulshlng this part
of the socles, J wa given the political
mid trwuHporUitlon clsipters of "Call
f'sniln" VI and VII to write. 1 wrote
tho "Oregon Question." which I
wished placed 4n the llrst Oregon vol
ume. But Mr. diim-roft allowed Air.
II. L. Oak, who wrote most of the
"Natlva lUicw." to alti my version
ami give an Kngllsh coloring to the
suhjis't, as also to phu-e it iu one of
the Northwest volumes, U wa a sort
of fsd with Onk to see matter from
an Kugtbdi tandsilnt, and he hhi
vlneod Air. HuncMft that It would
nkNise Mode In Kngland and he for
lit bcnetlt to deny the right of the
United Ktatts to this Mriiou of the
roast. Ac-orllngl)i piece of work
ou whk-h 1 had put great deal of
eiireful fttuly wa perverted lu eutt
imnit, and my credit lost
I wrote the "Man Juan IkMindnry
guetlMUM for MVlilngiun.H and that
ttsi wa turned ovw to tie wed In
"llritlsh (VtUumbln." A complete his
tory of 4 he Moths- war. w hich was
written by me from authorltiiw gutti
ered on the ground, was placed among
otlur iia(ter In the "Inter Pts-ula"
volume, mm my work on the Ban
croft historic ggregnt l full vol
ume of from 7 to WJO page ihuIi,
If I I wd Jmh-u aid to place my name
where It projierty tsdutig mi these
six volume I slssild have made an
International n-putatton. But whsl
Mr. ikusnrft ald of me In his Lit
erary iudiMtrle covered Just eight
Urn. Jt I true be Inserted a brief
biography wrltteu by myself, whk-h
had no connection whate-er with his
oldulon of me as a historian. What 1
wrote 1 nowhere stated.
After h-uvliig the tlam-roft library
I wrote and published "Atlantis
Arisen," a book of -too page on Ore
gon aud Washington, whk-h was
brought out by the l.lmilncott firm of
I'hlladolithla In 11. Mulscqueiiily 1
wrtite in "Karly Indlau Wars of On-
gon," prlnttsl In rhe stale printing
ollk-e at Hull-in, These various works
excepting tlie latter wn-cc In the lit
entry exhibit of Oregon nt Hie (Vdum
htaii World' fair, iMik-ogo. and were
retained to have place In the library
to lie erected liy rotter Palmer 111 that
city. A so much of my historical
writing wa scattered through sev
eral volume only four could 1h
claimed ns entirely mine; but mto
Heme I Introduced a preface declaring
the reason w hy I had placed my mime
on the Imcks of the volumes, and the
action o far as I have hoard Im Isi-n
approveil. If this nutter bad Is-en
a sirk-ily smomU one it might have
Is-en omitted from this article. The
people of Oregon, a i regard It, have
a right to know whatever Is of Inter
est concerning their written history.
and tlie historian of the future who
twe the Bancroft series for reference
should know In Just what measure
his nittborltlos nre trustworthy.
To conclude, the New Atlantis,
whose sub-tltlo Is Tourist Talks Alsmt
Oregon mid Washington, Is the lust of
my Isioks. except Marly Indian Wars,
and was written fnsii actual observa
tion, and In the hoH of dim-ting at
lenlloii to tho Xortliwest.
1 -'UANOI-3S Fl'lJ-KIt VICTOR.
Is Teaching a Profession?
IPOMHNO to a reqmt
During the whoo year
ending June 1, ist... there
were employed in the public chisls
or tins state alsmt tliree thousand
teachers. Of this iiuiiiIkt It Is safe
to say that not more than one thou
sand are professional educators. Hut
can tills be possible, and If so what
name shall we give to the other two
thousand? To answer this, let us
carefully Investigate the past, present
and future of the teaching fraternity.
Hero Is a bright young man who, by
his consummate skill and labor, has
triumphed over the common school
studies, succwsfully undergoes tlie
in drill of the examination, ami
launches himself out upon the sen of
pedagogy. He Is perceptibly Intelli
gent, winning lu his manner, and soon
wins for himself n prominent posh lou
lu the soliools. This young personage
Is desllmul to become a bright slur m
the crown of education. Io you think
so? A year later he Is rending Uiw In
some law otllce, engaged In the dis
secting room, selling gissls from be
hind the counter or Is Into some other
vocation, Teaching was his avocation
and something else his vocation, it
Is a well known fact among observers,
that but few of those who enter the
profusttbHi (?) of twhlng, remain long
In the work. The case of this young
teacher Just described, Is tlm exact
eouiUerimrt of a vast majority of
rnose who enter ttio rank or teachers.
Why is this? The answer Is easily
given. A young man who has enough
Intelligence and vim to innke of him
self a teacher, rarely stops there.
And .why? First, It Js an easy mat
ter, uiuliir the present licensing law,
for one to obtain a teacher's cer-
tllleate. It was nu easy thing for
him, ami equmlly ittuiple for those who
follow hliin. lie wants something
higher; some point that shall bo more
tllllleult to guilt). The conquest of
Rlackatotie, .the laws of surgery ami
therapeutics, the school of theology or
even a position with some of the great
corporate bodies, now so general,
have greater charms for hi in. It Is
a strange fact that, lu most cases, he
make the change. Is it not so? Ntop
and r tkt-t. Count the cases under
your own oliservjtiion and you will
quii-Kiy linn mat the assertion is cor
rect. Hivondly, nfler teaching a few yearn,
at most, he learns that a teacher's
life Is lif t a "bed of roses." He funn
learns that the work require more
nerve force (If ho Is a gissl teacher,
aud If he isn't, ho must needs drop
out anyhow) than any other business
known to unnn. He soon learns that,
lifter his day's work is ended, he Is
much more tired than when he made
two hundred nulls on his father's
funm. Ho isoon learns that Dr. or
Lawyer makes imore money In a
mouth tlian lie receives for the year.
He soon learns that he is wearing out
at a rapid rate, and, worse than all
else, his igood work does nut seem to
be appreciated among Ills patrons.
Now wiliiat? line result is as i nave
Just given; and, soon, this young
teacher, one who was only lueginning
V-V sent nie, I will write a few
' iLP'i wirt" on lie alsive snliject,
fIlB ,vl,n "n ,orn,t ''"'be '"H
WJt(v tiiey will be of ome worth
II to ytair nwlers.
to know Hi real underlying princi
ples of clentllle tuku-tic, forever
leave lils once cluwi-n profession lo
other mint only follow him through
the same itltYumstitnce end condi
tion. Ami now for the fair sex, lit owe wlm
make tip about sixty-one per cent of
all tlie teacher In the State, What
Iiishmiik of nil the young women tliat
receive teachers license? They art
not In the work; for If hiy were, we
shoukl, today, have an army of mure
tlmn teu thousand female teachers In
Oregon. This is also easily explained,
The aiHist of them imarry, l which
time their work tin the is-hoolrooui
generally, forever cases, other so
break down In ihcnlr.li that they are
quailllcd for nidther the wvlusil nor a
wife.
A rotrovtilve gluure iwlU prove
tliat I he average uumlsr of years'
servk-e lu tin? work, for fmmiles, Is a
little Ikms flmii Oin-e, aixl for mules,
4 1 It, It I itiisiMMlltle for one to he
come a professional educator in so
shoit a time. In other 4rnle ami
vocal Inns one 1 never ihs-ognlxed ns
an adept till many year have been
sis'ikt hi the busbies. Hence, where
are our profeslim,il eiltniiior tukiy?
Well, is I have stud, Oiere tire pt-:-bais
one thousand men and women lu
the state who have been ten year or
more In the work, mid who have de
ckled t iimke It a life' calling.
But, I teaching a profession?
aiwtwor it k ono of the gnsitest pro
f.noilons. To be a successful educator,
one must ist iM-coiiipllslul lu more
points Khan are uts-cssary for any oth
er profi-sxkiii. He niusi Is gentleman
ly, ilionest, puie. refined, hetdthfti!.
gisid-iintunsl. well lenrmsl lu, at
liiwf, thirty different branches of
knowledge, -lie must ii nine in mu
the child ns he would Tend a book,
lie must b Isith tu-Uve and (wsslve.
He must be aide to quickly yet per
fectly deiisMisbrate all theories ad
vanced by him. Alxiv all, be nuist
be able to discipline bis wiusd, which
by the way, Is the greatest work Im
pnsivl ou the American tcm her.
Ami now 1 nsk again, why are so
nmtiy of our bright young people tak
ing up the work, only to nbundou It
alter a Isrt servk-e? 1 think 1 can
make the answer plain. Hear what a
gmit edumtor ay; "'IV-ni-hlng Is,
of all the jMitfcssloiis, the tuost ue
ful for the public welfare, a It Is
one of the iiiiMit lalstriou am) skilled,
ami nhouhl be ixild asiuriliiig to Its
desert. 'Hie wage for tlie
rank aud flh of public school teach
er nver tgi-s his than those of klllw
uits-haulcs." Tlieu ogilu as I have
said, tt Is too easy to bis-ome a teach
er. Is It ntisoiuilde, lu any degiee, to
sii)sie real educator can and will
remain long In the llekl while young
boys msl girls, wlm answer only 70
per cent or a list or wy qiu-swons in
only ten brnm-lie of study, are turned
out a teacher roeomta'te with tlieui?
Of cisime not. The profttislouaJ
teaoher of kuig yitkrs' service (for
they cannot -Ik profehinl oliierwlse)
ar lu the Mt-hoolroom faun a tutlurnl
love for the work and not for their
health. A few are- 'Working fur the
NUmlghiy dollar," but such are rarely
is-essful. Therefore, we llml the
hcIkmiIi-oiiiii Is not tlie place to acquire
health, but rather to kse it, for a
convention of tincln-rs 1 readily
kiswn by tluHr pallid face ami
quick, nervous glance. It Is not the
pks-e to make money, for a careful In
vestlgatkm will prove that not twenty
iter cent of those engaged are nii-uiii
uliiblitg win I lb. It I not the place
for honor and glory, for the true
biu-her always recognise In himself
simply a (servant or the people, it is
not the phu-e for an "easy Job," for
there Is no talsir so wisirlng ou mind
Hint Iswly as that of teaching. It Is
hot the place for fnetlom from snx
lety and worry, for, of all classes of
bread tiiraor, there is not one that
carries with It such n hsid of nsioit
slbllltr ami i-arens that of the teach
er's, But It Is the phu-e for tlsse who
Would "love tiiwl ami serve his fellow
nmu." It Is the place for all who
have a natural desire to innke the
work! Istter. It Is the place for those
wlsi kve children and who truly
realize that the child I but the future
man or woman of this great world
that we kive so dearly.
Ilets-e, of all those who -take up th
work, few, very few, make It a pro
fession, but nu her a stepping sioiio
to some vocation.
Now. I want to emphatically Ini
press this fact: So king a the "70 per
cent ' gate is oh-ii to nil, Oregon is
not going to have a full crop of pro-
fiw-tlounl tuiclicrs. It Is an ImpiKsl
bill t y. No less than IKl per i-eut of
mir Instructors, toilay. are composed
of those who are simply making an
experiment rathor than a profesilou
of the work, and drop out lung liefore
they have learned the art thereof,
Oregon Is not the only state that fun
tors so Imperfect a law; there are
many that -have worse. But let us
hope to reel If y the wrong nt nu early
date.
There are anaiiy other points, Mr.
r.dllor, Hint I woukl like to bring out
In this artlcl , but prudence suggests
that they lie reserved for a future
Lite.
IFIS BAKZFX
SHIS. K UiTnTiKTs" A V E UUICT.
The Jury Iletttrns f77.Ti In the Loew
euberg Case.
In the stilt at Portland of Iotilse
Kuhn vs. Julius I.oewenbero- for SKI.-
ikki on a note of the California Vine
yard company the Jury Friday found
In favor of Mrs. Kuhn In tho sum of
7i:t."i.ri4, with Interest. In the de
fense, there was some claim that Mrs.
Kuhn had already received some of
the 10,(HH) consideration for the sale
of the Interest of her husband In the
business of the California Vineyard
company.
The basis of Mrs. Kuliu's action
against Mr. laiewenlienr was that he
guaranteed the payment of the Vine
yard company's note, If she would not
sue t no company upon It,
iA FOOL AT COUBT.
The American AHriiWer to Oonimny
(Must He Crazy.
'Washington, Juw 17,-j(Joitiiplriilii!r
Iwive reiidluxl Ihere from riio American
colony In .Berlin concerning the con
duct of tlenoral Thcislore Itiiuyoii, the
trilled Htaluss ambiisMiidor to Berlin,
(t Is mild tilwit the ,New Jersey slates
mnn I hum not only violinlcd Utie rule of
the service and lihe pnlnciples of Jef-fi'i-sonlun
Hlmpllelily, hut has gone so
far ins 'lo nwiUe Hie oiiiInihsv tihe la nub.
lngdKKk not only of llie Aiinerlcnn col
ony but of the (Icrnmns as well. Ills
l'atest. liiimni'tikMi iais Ihmmi a regal
(Hiunt m triage, whileh lie had expiH'ss
ly built. He drives -through the streets
of HenM'ii with two llunkles baUttielng
rneir nniiitoiinje on a llimltwl foot
board, the driver on a trliKsl. swted
on tilie Ainteiican Mag, iMlentntlously
siu-ead over bis seat, wltih all sorls of
nijklenlous crests oral envbleins, the
iiNvuil'iig of which must -rennalii n Chi
imso nnywlimy to the Aimoriiwn voter,
I'ho gnennl luis also wsurrivtiMl tin
old uiiliflonin wihtdh he uses instead of
the tnull'tilotNil evening dress, and the
Oeiiiiwiti otllcHak nre In n ferment over
tho discovery tlwit lit tlts-s not retire-
sent his present rank In the rcguljr
army of itihe United Staics.
OMAND GOOD NEWS.
Wages Increased Ten per Cent In the
Iron Industrie.
Otovolllitld. June 17. Knttonnt Mnl.
leahle Omsting Co. today notllletl their
!KM emphiiyes that a general Increase
of 10 per cent will bike effect Imme
diately. At the big works of tho Fiber
hardt Manufacturing Oo. notices were
iiiso posted notifying their l.OtK) em
ployiis of a 10 per cent ilncrenso. It
Is understood other big Iron seneerns
of the city -will follow the example
set by the two Industries named.
03IGINASDDOCTR1XE OFTHE CUZEMD Ff:ESSYTB:!.a CHURCH.
(Ily Iter. J. C TempleJon.)
The Ciuulsirknd I'resliyu-rlati
chuix-b 1 a child of lb Presbyterian
cunwh, which wa srn on February
4, mo, heis-e U now 4u it MiHbyenr.
Tho viry able piiier ul is-fore I his
a4K-tatlon two wwk ago, from the
iu wf llev, A. U lluti-hlsoii, luw
the kHig Hue of meiiry, through
wbk-lt we bike iride iu tracing our
historical steps 'Isick to Hi chun-h
liint (Iml (himself rgantxisl 111 the
houae of Abraham. Not r hat we claim
to Ik tlie talk from wldch other
eliun-he have sprung, but that we are
oue of the ma ii y denominations Into
wbkdi 4 bit divinely organised body lias
dlndisl.
The origin tmd dm-trlue of the Cum-bt-rUnd
ilVesbyterluu bun h must be
gin wilth (lis time wbeii the Presby
terian church, itiiM-olvol. travalb"!
lu isilti, ami brought forth a child
whkdi ho wo pleased lo mime "Oiin
berlaiMl." At the dawning of the nlimteeiilh
century the slate of Kentucky aud
Tennessee were mostly Inhabited by
wild and warlike Indians, A large
dial cm lying on rbo CtmilaMiand
river, jsirt lu Kentucky aud putt In
Tcnmsisee, had been bought from tne
Indian and setitled by the whiles.
Tin was known CunnVriiiml
county. 'Ill Uev. Thomas It. tlmlg
biwd. of tint Presbyterian church was
the llrst pastor to la-gin work In tht
new llekl, though be was followed
very ckwely by tho Itev. Benjamin
Oirilen of the Methodist church. When
the li-csbyterbiii church dlvlilHl one
of Iw lurge I'rosbytmies. assigning
one isirtliHi thereof to be Cumberland
It gave Mi nam of the county to the
Prisdiytcry, railing 4t "t'tmiberuiiHl
Pn-sbytery." 8iue of tlie minis
ter of this Presbytery were truly
men mlled of (bsl and ent forth to
pre.ich the everuisOiig giwjH-1 f 111
on, and who labored hard to win
soul for C'irlst, Isit, according lo the
testimony of the llev. Itavld Itlce, the
llrst Pri-sbyiterlan tnlnbtter who
tlod lu Keittts ky, and of the llev. Br.
Havl.tsou, tlie historian of Hie Pn-s-byterlon
church in tlwt country, must
of tbfin were Iwd invn. IniiikeiiHi,
wrangling, Hi-eutlousiieMM and heresy
broiitrbt nmny to grief ooucr or later.
lr. McIoiikl lu bt church history
ay, "the live of imuiveried
prencbers, ehler and UHtuls-r make
a wiM-ful clmpt.-r lu the history of this
period."
Sis-li wns the condition of the chuMi
when the revival of 1 swiiit ovi
the country like a wtldtlre. Iliere
wa a division alining the minister of
CumlM-rhind lre.by:cry. One fac
tion Joining heartily with the re
vival spirit and prcuchlnga ltible doc
trine mi the Imsl of Mwbosi'Ver wHl"
may ts saviil. The other fantbm de
tiled clsit Chiist died alike for all
men and arginxl from the third chap
ter of the Westminster Coufesslou of
Fulrb, that some tmn were Iw I
saved and oMm-iti 4o be lost, and that
no effort that mini could put forth
would In any wny effect the mutter.
They toUd front the Isiok of dlslp.
line the following, (which, by the
way, has never Is-en Hmngcd and I
Hm pUlu unvarnished doctrine of the
I'renb) icrbin ilinn'h hlay), W
mliilMtcr (VmfossHiti of Kulih, ('luipter
3, Mention 1: "Hod from nil eternity
did, by the most wise and holy coun
sel of his own will, fni ly ami tin-chnugi-nbly
ordnla wlwtsm-ver comes
to paK." From tho muie i-hiipicr.
fts'tiou 3, "ly the decree of Hod, for
the tmiiilfestuiloii of bis glory, some
hi mi ami angels, are prodcMtuicd unto
everhisilug life, aud others foreor
dulmsl to everhisling dea.Hi." Kectlon
4, of the Name clitier: "Them angels
ml men, thus pred-iltud and foreor
dalticil. are imrtlculurly aud iiin-huiige.
ably dcslgnml; nud tliHr n umber Is
so certain mid ileilultc, that It cannot
Is either Its-reused or diminished,"
The revival party claimed that the
Bible did ma warrant such statements
here quoted from the tUmfestdou of
Faith, wlille the nutl-rcvlval party
claimed them to lie Biblical,
As luul matters usually grow worse
liisteiid of better tun 11 they are thor
oughly prolssl so tlicy II1 In this case,
r Jinn at this polut of history an
other dlttU'iilty arose, via,: thre was
a vast Meld alnnsit destitute of the
niiiiu of grace. Hundreds, all over
the country, had bceu lead to Christ
through tls hilt Hence of the great re
rival, and now they were as sheep
wirnoiu a shepherd. It was impossi
ble for Hie few minister lu this new
Kill try to meet the dcimiml for ttie
preached word. There were ttin-e
men wlm felt that (bsl had called
them to the work of the ministry, and
although they had obtained what
might I called a good education, yet
they bud not reached th educational
Htnndnrd required by the book of di
lpllne for those wlm entered the min
istry. They were encouraged by tlie
revival lMirty to present themselves
lo the Presbytery as candidates for
tne ministry. Here wa the second
ground fis- ("oinplal.it. the revival
party favoring and the auU-revlval
party opposing the reception of these
men. A majority voted to receive
them nud accordingly they wers sent
out as lay workers. At the end of six
months one of them had proven to be
o successful that he was licensed to
preach, and In one year they had all
been licensed, and pru.'-d themselves
lo bo heroes In tlie great battle of life.
Tlie t.vo parties In Cumberland
Prisbytory got further and further
apart. The anil-revival luirlv was In
a hopohK minority In tho Preshylery
our in tne Kentucky synod hud a
good majority. That synod lu
1mo5 npisslnted a coiiuiiIsnIou with
full (Mtwer to Invest Ign to and not on
Hitters of a qtiestlonablo nature In
uuinlierliiiid Presbytery. This com
mission was composed of nntl-revlvnl
men. Without going Into detail I
may say that a constitutional tight
wits waged between the commission
and the presbytery, which finally re-
stiltiMl in dissaving Cumberland Pres
bytery.
Tho revival party now being thrown
out without any olllclal rein Hon with
an organized IhhIv, organ litod them
selves Into a council and for four
jvimh wiriieslly endeavored to bring
about reconciliation, but with uo sue
cess. Or. iMmDomild says iln his
Church History, page 811, "lu August,
iNou, t:tie (VHiiK-u divided to make one
lliuil effort at rtvonclllatlou wiiih Mie
syiitsl, nud If t,luit falh-d. then to or-
giinlxe uu liulepfiident Prebvtery.
i.mm-i, nto'lltliol nu I,U- IIOII
Its nllilmaiiHii, the chief point of
which Wits that those who choose to
do so should be allowinl lo innke res
ervation mlmut. fitltillty. To this the
synod 'would not agree." Hevs. llodgo
nisi -Mot ready being stirkt Onlvlnlsta
wllilMlrow from itlio uomicll nnd made
spiv-lal tortus w-ltdi the symsl. Hev.
Jlcdee drow iback f-nnit orirtinlzlnu a
new pi-CMiltytiM-y, so that there were
oul,vi -tiliwe of the regular ordained
'iniimstcrs aert in the . council; they
were 10 wing, King and McAdow,
On tho 4 till day of Feb., l.xio, these
three men, who were all rcirulnrlv or-
dtilm-d inlnlslem In the PreMliyferlan
ehiuvh, and against -who-m niie pages
of history are delled to abow that any
presbytery ever preferred even the
slightest charges, imet nt the home of
Samuel 'McAdow in Olck SO'.l lOlllllv
Tennessee, aihl organdztMl, or rather
iwirgnimisin tno old Cumilierltind Pre.
bjHory, 'llius mflw. iiheso long ymn
of firaviaJHng In -pit In, the pregiuuit
mother flie Presbyterian chuivh
hrottght forth her child, nnd named It
Cumberland Presbyterian. Tlie child
never ircpudtated the name and hence
we have tihe denomination belonging
to tho family of cliurahes known the
world over as the Cumberland Pres
byterian church.
So muoh for tho historic " origin of
this church. As for her polity, or
goverutneut, he Is lu very sen bo
tl.i-i,-l,i!i Jm-IIovIiiit (hi
to t the only blblk-nl (dum b govern
ment. Ir. Jbslge' iibnrcb isdlty I
Ibe 4ct Ustk ul lu Her tlicoiogicai
.u!niiry, When the (pMtkai of admit
ting Mi ilimbwrinnd Presbyterian
church totiiemls whlp in the "Alllati'T
of llofontind tflninbc iloldlng the
Presbylerktn Hystom" wa under dis
cussion, in. K. B. Morri of Iam
somluary ild: "Tbl church lw
Motsl for eighty year In Hie
iseiMlon of u bidiiidcut nertkm
of American ITesb) terliMilsm, and lias
never owi stsiglit organb iiiiloti with
an Aniieidflii issly, Imt from the llrst
Uu (hhii -kJng felkwblp with olh
er Presl.Mtcrtati cbtincliisi In 4his allb
aire." 1;he church wa lmlttcd and
hence ttckwiwIwlgHl as utrlctly Pre
Iiyt4rlan In isdify. Her mlskiirle
in Japan have wist their lot with the
United Ohurcli of ihrlt wbh-h niw
consist of all Pinsbyterlau chur-lic
III Halt country.
A lo Oumls-rland Prcabyterlan dts
irine, J may ay In ' ahcll, Hint
this cbunh Is again ti-k-tly Preshy
tertnn, Utt with every rcallge of re
detirtoii aud Infant damtiatUm
Uis-wl out Khe Js4levi' Hwt nil
men ere Isirti In slu; dlutt (,'brUt died
alike for nil; that only th tnily re
generated ore wved; that all infant
j..i.... I.. i..,u.v vntffttMinited and
naved, tsl one of lit most precious
doctrine I, "the prewcrvatkui of all
iM'Ik'ver." etc. 'llie fact l. lt cause
of the orgtinbwUoti of the Dumber
hud Prcsl-ylerlan olmrcb. la shown
. i ,.M i,iM.Ml tlkliitf llml
innii low mw i ' -
stand 1swmh her and tin niotber
bslny.wid tlie thing Hint will ever.i
arle 4hwn until tlie Westminster
(Vmfinslon of Fulfil 4ltb ri-Jtxted
or rrv4il, Is tlie dwtrine of fatolUy,
commonly known a (UilvlnWon,
Iu the pajsf atsive rifrred frmi
Key. JIuMilsoti, wbk-h so ably gives
the history end isdlty of the Preshy
terlao diurch, he, In harmony with
iiawiy other ilresbytiila. atteniM
an aisikwy fir thrir '4Uvliilstle doc
trine. He ay, "Calvinism ha lieen
gruwsly inlsliiter)inted; again, "Cal
vltilsm Its hecu deiHrtiiM'tsI M fatal
hmi." If It 1s true that "Calvlulnm
lui Isnm grossly imlnireeuted" In
Is'ing "deiiismciil a fatalism," then
the ;iim!rbml Pn-nliyterian church
rcjok-e in Is-lng nwpousible for the
hnny, for on this ground and
(In ukste. was Hie church or
ganll, ami this ame ground
has ulway sepnrnti'd Hie two
iMstle. ami I the dtrlital bone of
coutetithMi tcdiiy. umlMrland I'rcs
byteriait Is-Ueve, tbey always
have, that h alsive quotation from
Hie PretUiytert.ui Conf-lon of Faith.
tdi Mi.it fatalism k a Hourly scl
firth tboreln as the KiigHsb luugimge
can b niade to state it. If (he t'mn
beiiatiil I'resbytirlan ehnrch Is wrong
lu "dciiouiu lug Calvlnbtm a fatal
ism." 4 hen certainly nuiny of the
brightest lights of the trnxber church
are also partiiKers m the "gross nil
ireiirmeiilrttkm" of this dwtrlne. l-t
ut imii-ii io wiiih i rwnjucnauii mem
selves say ou the question:
"We want lo got roprolmtlim, or all
solute fon -ordinal km to be dumiied,
out of the confession. It Is siiNrllii
isis, uiiscripfural. iiiicviiiigciiiiii. u
hurt 11.1k iliu-lrliii-" fllr Vim llvlinl
"My noill revolts atCilfliHt colltllllllug
iihmi the pages of I he confession the
doctrine of prebsition. which I con
sider feurfnl ami fatalistic." (Br.
CruMby ) ""Wie cotifi'SMlon claims to
ripiKKcitt Hm woid of 5od. I ant one
of tin we who chnlleiigw this claim
and dis-btre that In my oiiilon there
tire luqsirtant featun-s in which the
noiifi-Ml,n ilium nut tiriituwlv v-mn-A.
sent the iWortl of Uod. aisl that these
feature ought to lie muMUfled or ex
punged. Tlie third chapter declare
Hint some nit-n Hint tnurwlai am t.tr.
ordaJmul unto everlastiiig death, and
mat umtr nunusr is so certain that
It cannot I ell tier ltu rca-d or ill.
mlnlshed. At a teacher of the New
'Icatnmcnt tk-rlptuttw In one of the
church' theohH.-1'iil school I lecture
my neiiet mat that doctrine Is rot
laugiu in uie worn of (!od." (Dr. M
H. Vlw-cilt.l "It I the lot If nf f-.ml
bull. To extllnlll nwnv tUa imuu,,,..,.
quoted, allowing God's wish and will
iikic nu iiicii slimil.1 im sjivsI, by
drawing (he hyper-Calvlnastlc distinc
tion lMMWIHn his secret nnd m.irnnl.vl
will Is an Insult to (bsl' sincerity; it
iiuikc tno uitMsru wtuwoever' utterly
worthies and nteaulngld. turns die
grtu-ious invitation of the gospel to all
men Into a hollow mockery." (Br.
Klelwrd M. Harlan.) "The doctrine
of divine decrees should lie so re
stated as to preclude the inference
mat liou roTeordnliis any mnn to
death, Irrespective of character." lite
isirt on Bovlslon 1a North Ulver Pres
bytery.) "I wish to have removed
from the confession every trace ami
tinge of the following: 1. Decree of
rcpronatiun: 2. Dtunnatlon of uou
elect Infant, -wlih-li u ii-.i..,,i,..n.,
taught ley ImplU-atlon in the confes
sion, niuiougu mt Mleved by the
tfesiytirlun church; a. Limited
sioueiiieui; innsi died for all men
not merHy for the Hint. 1 desire
nmvse ennnges, not isyMuse the doc
trines are utqiopular but liocauae m
my iniiui mey are unsorlpturnl, hav
ing more of cold, ii.uini., i.-.i ..
them than irf the twmhlng and spirit
ui n unst. - (i(cv. II. O. Styilt
of Ivaiwaa.) "he quwilon la, Hlial
we reiuove tlm h.i..,.iii.. ..i.... ..
from tho ronfeMskm, or reiimve the
imng pmicis'i-s from .Uie chuivh?"
(rhe Interior. f 'iiLm.,,. .'im ,..
a want In our confiwion of a clear
mi peoiiunent utterance mich ns we
mie in cue fsertptitnvs every wliere of
iim -tirt i- ut HHI IO fill ai.t.ii .....I
free L'lfl of .liwiu m,,-i, .. .....
ii .. 1 i. . 11,111 .ii nmva-
i on i tui men, not to the elwt alone,"
1 1 Or. Jn,me AlcCosh. ex-prcaldent of
Princeton mdhwH. v.m t-., v ...
CVItllko til. t .1 .! ... V
"-v tus'piy witn that Presbj
,,,, , , , "' " 1OHCI0II
1 heologlcal seminary M-jHi la quoted
Oft Imil'.ft utvl.l n.u......1.. ... . .
... ....... u 4uwnya gives
own niiu, lwn,.n i mui the Mi
, x i ,.m, enures on on predes
t tuition: It nni'.tif i i i.'.. ' .
Imag tie a serimm on the decree of
of mankind. We T : ?T
ll-III-OOllljUlll or -lul-Mil nir .1 .
usvt i.ifomm-d of our htymeii wouhl
imion to it, ami what cannot
tie preached in i n,,i,.i... , ,.. ..
to be lu our confession." (Or philin
Schatr, of L'ulou TheuhigUNil semi-
llev. Ir. tlnhliftini
philosophy , Kdlirtttirgh nnivci-Hltv
f"lu'!!!r!f,.V,lt f,.M'halr mce tlli,;i
J . J,, " ""'"'m luiiiiuion, said, as he
held It ho llinibm l,iii,l n....,. . .,
Wtrang upin a season of revlv,
liMiin oiMRwitlon to a hyiM-rilviniHii,
farm of ,t(n-hl.n1-1tt.ii..i,' ......... , ...l'.mut
and whkih I (myself cmhl n.ot follow
bO dellveWHl fi-iwn If T ....v.... "
simiiKlble for It In the diu.vb to whlcli
m iniuii, ;
Dr. I'lu-klvumt, of Mudlson Squaw
P wbylterhtii mivll N ,
'The Jove uf flod Umi out on tt
ftwe of the inw.mi i !m
tA?y f the
mm we na-e go ,w mut L ,'' "
erl km Jdm 1 m. TXST C
u. , , J" mw TonroKPion, then
eongrata 7ZTt Z
nuinnw! vtv r,.i...r " , . ni " 1
did not die tar nil m. .' ,umi hHst
amount of Stalls,,, , 'the ca se'S
" .re..,:, nd mitmih-
vouKomwuiy daiimiHi; damiiwl HhV
fore thev a.i- iitnn i.....1.' .U!",H' l,e-
In the men VT," 'm w "l even
John aui y sXl J
oi-poslng revision? VtoST
an iiwtoTM'ai iieiw-i.. i w t oiniwr
Lmd J,rwlyt"riiM' t tbs sub
sUtice of nwttbm 1 la clmder 3. Tliey
make a ivoim! aw'llon, Jut m4i a
our cuilHilltte re!rtncnl, aud otnU
all Jb rest. Tlwy N out alt i
L,rft iu.inis of (olvlnlsm. Ttum
ihi-r give an eiplanatlon ml l-a for
this. Just such a U brethren hv
given lime If we Is-Ileve this and
4ot thl retsrt, thi-n we must fo
to tbHii msl (Mdrlite, nd sk for re
union. Tlie pisut In which His Ciuiv
Im-Hiii'I Presbyterian revised were
very I ke the point nggtel lu th
rinstrt. Iliey bave out l -nw
of His pier 3. Tlwy di-ny lernid m
pr.dsittoii. Ttiiy deny that Chrft
dbil In any sense for a part of nmu.
kind li any partkiihw way. They
teaHi that alt Infant are saved sad
iimt the Holy dult 4oiH-aie on
world co-ex biHrively a Christ Lai
miwle tlw atonement, "
Itey, lr. Ktorey, of Itosncatli, one
of the leading mind of Mcotbuwt, alo
said: "1 commend in tlie hlght-n
sen' what tliese brethren imve done.
It I a brood ts-bs-lple of lllstiy that
, tmrbuuin oliurch lbl revlee it
noinl.-i.rd ami reconkbr it fortnulaa,
ml 1 web-iMiw tlM-o l-etbren to our
atliaiM-e havl ig done, In the eier
chm of Hint lllMTty. that w hich I ion.
kir tto of the 4ilgbet iirerogailvin,
and may tscine one f the tmmt m
jHvatlve dutle. tliat y ChrWtlaB
church (tin HWkfc I pre-
for to say that 1 antloipate Hie tim
wlo'ti nil the ehiitvho of tbl s Ilium
will have the gra-e ami wisdom giv.
en rbom io do wliat the tHimls-rlaiid
proMbytertan have dotie.'
Karh of the alwva quotations have
Im'U taken from Hn sayings of sisue
of the strongest hiIimI of Hie Preby.
teilan cbun4i. Their I the !rngrt
of wldewA I now Hu with tin
gle ijiiotaMon from Iter. lr. W. J.
Hariiy, oue of h leading dlvlm-a of
our own much beloved Cutulxs-land
PrlytcrUn clum-h:
"(mmlwrlfliid Pre4l;yterwin do n4
pretend to claim that their Is the bwt
(MiMslble slatelis-nt of the ykw of
lllM-nd lYcsb.Mierbnlsm, tmt H117 do
Insist tliat it 1 a rant improvement
over the thard and repulsive features
of the .Westminster atandards. They
have no partb-ukir seal for fonni of
strttomeiit, caring more for the essence
and spirit of Hie creed and the prac
tical work of the ehurHi. When,
Hiercfove, the time come for formu
lating sliort and ImpU i-reed' to
wbh-h all IVesliyii-rian may ut
crl1e. It will tie found that Cuinlwr
Inmt Preljtcrtan are both genensti
and fraternal toward all other brats-It-e
of this great household of faith.
Tbey will also lie found lo be true
then. they liave ever been, to tlie
w.Kciitlals lu government and doctrine
that constitute the "Ohiccdsus of the
ltofrmed thurche holding the Pre
bylcrian Rystan." Whatever the fu
ture may have In store for our n-veral
crecils, iumls'rland I"rfbyterlani
can never lake a backward tep on
Hie great doctrine that salvation I
pot.sH.le for every human soul through
Jesus Christ."
MIL HAMMOND RKTtIlN8.
A. It. Hammond, of the firm of Bon
ner & Hamiuoiid, promoter of the
AstoriA-Ooble railroad, returned Fri
day evening from a several weeki
trip lo New York. Mr. Hammond
say he came West with the full n
pectancy of Winning work on the
Astoria-CIoble road by the 15tn of the
month. He limlci-Mtands, however,
that the complete right of way has
riot been six-unnl, and the opening
work may Im delayed a few days be
yond the into. The contracts for
grading will lie let aa soon as posstlse,
and w hen work doe begin It will b
at several different polut at once.
Mr. Hammond, xjieaklng of the Ore
gon PaHfle, now the Oregon Central k
Kastm-u railroad, wild that Hie deris
ion of the supreme court, on the ques
tion of the confirmation of the sale
would have to be nettled liefore acllve
work was begun In reconstruction. He
hoped for peedy decision. Wbeii
everything la settled, and In case the
purdinse Is confirmed, Mr. Hammond
Is authority for the statement tliat the
old Oregon Pacific will lie put Into
lietter shape than ever. A great deal
of money has already been spent,
pending Hie confirmation, aud will con
tinue to lie. Mr. Hammond contem
plates the construction 0f two schoon
er to ply between Yaqulna and 8aa
Frantsco.
HOP INTELLIGENCE. i
The coming crop in the Pulalltip (ili
trlct give every promise of Is-lng as
large as usual, and while growers
have bad every reason to be dfseour
aged at Hie low prices prevailing, must
of thorn rtvognlae the fact that all bus
hies enterprises iivc lcn at
standstill, aud that Hie hop Industry
must take its share or the geueral de
prcssioii. ,
The rates on horn, it tin inun an.
thorftatlvcly announced, will not be
advanced, and tlie obi r r ti?n
will still apply. The notification will
set at nst numerous dealers in hojs
who were amirebetwlvA r ..h.
There 1 ll0 inimeillato prospect of a
un-n in me nties.
III the lion vanln no ihn -n)l.- f..
Chehalis work Is well In hand ami the
uopi. are looking tine. Preparations
are Is Ing made to begin spraying al
tbough lice do not lucrease very rap
idly. From severs! inimH it i.
learned that the Nifwankiim growers
with only a few exceirtlons. are la
Heed to let the e var.1. .1.1, .ii.
2 ?Jn mul tnHntaftnd many
aivpb rfi
The WViilhor In
S ,nv'n ,cr"P- Vine look well and
are nut king good growth. Lice are
I,, wiv "bpearance In some
.wtrtts ns the ason advances.
NolloiiaiCk tt.Binl.il.... ... n-i.-
Itig crop 1 luia nwde ptxigrs during
Z " hot fm-cUig
watthcr and shouftna a,...
ii' :.'UT, r',lhw 1J,,! Pxciixkin thau
the rule throughout the muutv. It Is
aii-o evident tlmt
iV lmSi f lvv prlc(m ngtilu
T.i.T. .. . m'guH'tmg their yards,
v l Ch with the first ml otiM-r cause
"ill make rlu ir, n..
1 yisrr-say two-thlwls. Some estl-
" ie 11 ns tow as outHiaif
OtNIITO t.N.l, ..Ml. ...... ni .
I,., 1 --""re seem m
.'T ",v '""Kuig poorly Twr thla
nine or -tlie v.. .....1 , i -
light crop. , ' ,m "
The St. A bans 't m ,
iJ 5ur,'s ,n co"nwtlou with tho
.,1 ell. vouuiy creamery at Hint
place figures wii m, ...... !.
. "vi. niv flllirpiv CIIOl-
KS'W lnr,"S th W W 42,133.
IM lHHlllds Of mllb iiim. ..... .
..11.1,. 1 . . iiM-ivm ami
In i101,0-7';4!-:1 w,,n,1s "Utter,
it r-HftQthu mllk lved weight
noS: . . P'miuls, and 2.121.37(1
Ln I 0f bWf,W WW ThlS IS
,?i i'UH,...?,u1 m'm ! f "''
. 0 nK,,roa W'leed tons
mean that over su"ii ...m-
01 e tmule Into over pis tons of but
.'..ii " r,1,,,y tl,ls nw wrket
notlltl i-entl 10 a trnln
flotlev'a Miiiniy.1
"Inly v:ie of the lnst publications of
012ih' a.'"1 t',)"""t f"11
HHlyorRfil praise. Heunmont Fletcher's
review Vf "Trilby" as a play la one
or the best nnd most comprehensive
tnnt we nnv v.t .i n...ft t
st to both those who have aud have
mt seen this wonderful drama. W. A.
cooper 1ms on artklo on tho National
Academy pf Oeslgus, with magnlUceut
llmitrntloits. "llow Tweed Was Ie
M'ted, by. I Ieni-y Mann, w ho reported
the proceedings of tho famous trial, Is
highly hitesreKtliiL'. fmm K..h hia.
torleal and tdeteotlv slandimlnt. The
Hodey company, K-54 Lafayetta
Place, New (York. , V