OREGON.
A Graphic Dcscrlotion of
hn'
i1"3
Resources and Natural Ad
vantages of this Grand
Commonwealth.
, Oregon h betwmu the i'i sud 44
dr ot nortu latitud. TU nttwl
wUsrly pomt It in Ummtiuto wt from
Urtenwion 114 dour und R tniimtvn,
and th tuosl Muttorly point t 1H) iitgra
ami 40 niiunt, From north to auutu
tb distauc ia 375 milt, aud from st
to west about itta It contain W.27
quar nib or &U0M) aerv of land.
Ot tin, iu 13, Uior were 1.24.W son
andet oulUvalton. Oregon. Iim m
tiuaont navigable water front iwu-lunii
from Um northern foundry liu ot Cali
fornia, northward tons th lVoitio Ht
toth mouth ot the Ooliimi.i nvpr;
Uiik np tb Columbia RloMit ill nortli
ra braudary ot th Mat utwrly to it
Mloru limit. Ot thw distauoe, 300 luilu
r along th horo ot lb Taoillo ootwn,
Ml 270 tulle am aloii the iianrntl
water ot the Ouluubi river, Bceiuuiug
at th southern bouudary, th ouuntiot
that border ou th oen ar Curry, Oooa,
lXiuala. Iiauo, lVntou, Tillamook, aud
Clatsop. Tho which border ou the
river ar Clatsop, Columbia, Multnomah,
aaoo, Uilliaiu. Morrow, and iiuatwa.
- Th Columbia wer fuiuislios a harbor
eoniodrd on ot U bwit aud safaat ui
tlisworlt, South on tb coast ot tb
tate ot Oregon, titty mile, ia tb bay ot
Tillamook, which affords a harbor for
mailer veaaela, ueh a are uuaired
in a coasting trade. Thirty milea further
south it Nesluooa river, whiob will not
admit coasting wl lit to navigate tbe
so. Thirty mile atill fiirtbi-r south i
th harbor ot Yaquina, into which large
teamen paa rtgularly in tbe trsnapor
tatioa of freight aud paaaeugcni to and
from San Francisco, California. Twenty
mile touth ot 'iiln m the Alaea river,
which afford admMxiou to coasting
Mhoouera, which are doing a very fair
bualneea. Twenty mile noulh ot Aluea
m Siuslaw, a good harbor tor coaster,
from which txuut a great trade ta carried.
Forty mil Wow tbe Alsea ta the mouth
ot the Vui rwina river. Here is a good
harbor, and a Urge amount of sbippiug
is dolus from this point, consisting ot
lumber, salmon, aud agricultural pro
duct. Twentv mile aouth ot tbia place
ia Coo bay. This i a flue coast harbor.
A regular line ot ateatnera ruu to aud
from thw point.eugnged iu carrying coal,
lamtwr, and all the productions of a rich
eouutry that surrounds tbe bay. Ten or
twelve milt on down the eoal ia the
mouth of tbe Coquille river, which ad
mit veeael to do a good busim in llie
way ot Ituuber.coal, aud agricultural pro
ducts. About fifty mile further south i
Uie moutb of tbe Hogue river. Tbi w a
baroor auttlcient to admit ot counting vca-
Ml nt fttip imka whiih are carrvintf lum
ber, dairy producU, and agriouitnrnl pro-
uuctiona. I here are many amnll at ream
putting into the ocean ot lulltcient aite
to admit small coasting wenclmwhicu put
into tbem a occaaion may requite. It
will thoa be aeeo that there are nine porta
ot entry on the coast of Oregon that af
ford abundant outlet to the aea tor the
hipment of all the production which tbe
coast country now ba, or ever will con
tribute.
Th Cascade mountain, eiteuditig
north and aoutn, divide tbe atute into
two grand diviaiona known aa Knstfru
and Western Oregon. Tbe first diviaiun
embrace th counties of Wasco, Crook,
Lake, Klamath, Morrow, Oilliam, Oraut,
Umatilla, Union, Wallowa, Baker, and
Malheur; , and tbe eeoond division em
brace the oountie o( Clnteop, Columbia,
Washington, Clackamas, Marion, lanu,
Yamhill, Polk, Tillamook, Ueuton, Lane,
Douglaa, Coos, Curry, Josephine, and
Jackaon.
Western Oregon baa an average width
ot VS) miler, and comprine tbe iuohI
thickly populated and wealthy portion of
the atute at this time. Ktwtern Oregon
baa an average width ot 230 miles, com
prising vast territory, a large portion
ot which ia at present sparsely settled,
and whose inhnbitaot are principally
engaged lu rearing cuttle, sheep, and
horse.
Along tbe coast extends a range of
mountains from three to four thounuud
- feet in height, covered with timber, a
great part of whiob ia suitable for lum
ber. Streams put down from this range
into the along which there is a great
deal of land fit for cultivation and for
grazing purpose- At some points these
mountains reach down to tbe oceno, but
for th moot part there is considerable
country between tbe mountains and tbe
bench.
Between the Coast Range and the Cas
cade mountains, he tbe Willamette. Ump
qna, and Rogue River valleys. Tbe first
two are separated by a short and low
range known as the Cullnpooia monn -tains.
Umpqua valley is named from
the river which drains it. which stream
Bows through the Coast Range and emp
ties into tbe Pacillo ocean. Itogne river
drains the valley of the same name. It
also pierces the Coast Range. The sur
face of the country from the Callapooia
mountains to tbe northern bonrnlary of
California is diversified by low hills and
valleys, the whole fertile and adapted to
agriculture, frmt growing and grazing
purposes.
TBB WILLAMETTE VALLEY.
The Willamette is tbe principal valley
ia the state and constitute the wealthiest
portion of Oregon. It is drained by the
river of tbe same name, which stream is
navigable a distance of 125 milw from
it mouth. It Hows northward about
midwav between the Coast Knnire and
tbe Cascade mountains, aud empties into
the Columbia river at a point about 100
miles from tbe ocean. Tbe valley begins,
so to speak, at tbe Cullapooios on tbe
south, and extend to tbe Columbia river
on the north, a distance of nboat M0
miles. It bos an averiwe width ot GO
miles, not including the mountain slopes,
and comprises one beautiful sweep of
valley, containing about 7800 square
miles, or 4,902.000 acres of Innd, nil of
which is highly fertile. From their
source m tbe Cascades How westward
the Clackamas, Molalla, I'mlding, Sun
tiam, and AlcKeozie rivers, and empty in
to the Willamette. Tbe Coast Fork is
an important branch of the Willamette.
From their sources in the Coast Range
flow eastward the Tualatin, Chehalem,
Yamhill, La Creole, Luckiamute, Mary's,
Long Tom, and Callapooin rivers, which
also empty into tbe Willamette. These
are all streams of importance, several of
tbem navigable, aud each drains a con
siderable country iu tbe foot bills valu
able for agriculture, fruit, stock, and tim
ber. At about the center of tbe Willam
ette valley is the Minto pass over the
Cascades. Through this puss the Ore
gon Pacific railroad company is construct
ing a railroad which will traverse East
ern Oregon, and probably join tbe Union
Pacific. Tbe Oregon Pacific reaches
deep water at Yaqniun bay, and has iu
operation about 110 miles of road, from
Yaquina bay (which is about midway o'
tbe Oregon coast) over the Coast Range
east to the town of Albany, across the
Willamette river. The tlauks or slopes
of all tbe mountain ranges are covered
with forests of fir, cedar, and oak, im
mensely valuable for lumber.
The following, taken from "Lang's
History of tbe Willamette vulley," pub
lished in 1HH0, is so concise and accurate
that we incorporate it here:
"The Willamette flows, as has been
stated, parallel with the coast, from which
it u distant, in the moan, about fifty
mile. From Eugene City the distance
to the nearest ooint on the coast is fifty
mues; vxirvullis, 4H; Ainany, in; uregon
City, 66; Halem, 61; Portland. OH; all these
towns lie npon the river. Tbe summits
of the Coast Range are at distances vary
ing from 20 to IW mile from the see,
while tbe mean distance of tbe Cascade
range from tbe Pacific may be set dowu
as 110 miles. The mouth of the Willam
ette is in latitude lij degrees and 82
minutr north; longitude, 122 degrees
and 45 minutes west of Greenwich. The
southern extremity of the valley is ap
proximately n it uegrees and VI mm.
lites north lutltude. The state of Wis-
nririaii. Michigan. New York, and Mnssn-
chnsotfs, are in nearly tho same Intituds.
Th central portion of Um valley He
J at an elevation ot from TO to 400 tuet
I abov tidewater.
L . i ii . . .ail . It.
"H.1M tlie arrival oun cr,y mniiers iu
,t.- . it ,1... r.,,,,,,1 t., M,n.
Hm twir, tw mww '"'
aisl of two soi ls forest and 'prairie, the
latter hsiof vegelstlou other than iu
rank grasse which ttieu grew luxuriantly
npon every opeu spot. The prairl ex
tended ou both aide ot th river from
tb vicinity of th tall ot th Willamette
outhwaru to th Odlapotua. Nearly
all tb elevation ot laud wer timbered,
but hardly to their present extent, Th
Indiana, it tanald, went in th habit ut
burning the brush upou th bills to serve
some aboriginal purpose, and this cus
tom perishing with th uativua, th lull
now are covered with brush aud young
trvca which ar mM to have mad their
growth sine theooosatiou of thatoustom.
Kxoept tor the mark ot tillage on
cultivated field and the evidence ut
civilisation, the valley remains as regard
its salient feature, about a th first ex
plorers found it Tlier ate th broad
and fertile prairie separated by streams,
shaded by strips ot woodland, and tb
heavy forest ot timber, covering th
uiouutum aud billy lopo as with a gab
tueut.
"Outside ot the level prairie titer is a
belt of rolling land verging iu bill and
mountain iu th higher portion, which
xtend almost entirvly around th val
ley aud constitute t very valuable part
ot tb eouutry. The soil i mainly basaltic
and aaudstoue, aud ot great general fer
tility. It product are more diversified
than those of th lower lands, aud fre
quently exceed them in quality. ' These
roiling or mil lamia ar usually covered
with brush aud require to be cleared be
fore cultivation ia possible, Tb princi
pal advantage ot these, brushy tract ar
good toil, natural drainage, good water,
a climate beyond th reuch ot malaria,
an ample and general supply ot wood for
fuel aud huiidius Mirituae. aud oomnar-
attvtt freedom from early frost. The
latter consideration lis not yet received
due attention, but it i possible that a
moderate elevation secure her tbe same
advantage a are known ,to exist in the
hilly region ot California and else
where,
'Much gfll agricultural land lie
htiih a 'JoOO feet, being in small isolated
valley, and difficult ot acees. Tbe
quality ot soil m said to be high, produa
nig with unfailing regularity th crop
possible to th latitude, Tbey ar par
ticularly adapted to atock raising, and
are partially occupied Kir that purpose.
Still titer ar many thousand of acre
yet subject to settlement.
The vacant land of th Willamette
valley, or those open to eettiemeut. are ot
tour kiud United State government,
state railroad aud wagouroad grants, and
school aud university lands. As else
where, the government land ar held at
the prii! ot 11.35 per acre, or in case of
land within the limit ot railroad grants
at double tbia rats. The railroad land
ar subject to price which vane accord
ing to location, being from SI .25 to 87
Per acre. Tbey ate, moreover, to l bad
on favorable terms as to time and mode
of payment. Generally ipeaklng, ten
years' credit t given, or Icsm, according
to the reqnirameat of tbe purchaser.
The Oregon k California railway ba yet
a large portion of ita grant in It posse
sion, and tbe obaracter ot tb laud com
pares ot course favorably with that of lb
adjoiutiig government or private holding.
It is rbieiiy bill Innd, covered mora or
less thickly with brush, often bearing an
immense amount of the finest timber, but
sometime is open prairie, amiable for
cultivation and grazing. In respect to
tbe cost of clearing, It t th same is the
adjuceut tracts. It is well for intending
purchaser to bear in mind that lb lands
spoken ot a vacant ar so because tbey
require to be cleared before tbey will be
ot any use. As lor tbeir productiveness
they are not generally whit behind the
best valley lands, and they have, as be
fore pointed out, very great advantages
over any valley land. A to th total
quantity of unoccupied or nntilled lands
suitable for tcttlemeut along the edges
ot the valley, there cannot be much Ice
tbau two million acres, making proper
deductions for tract which are worthless
because too rocky or too steep. This
amount would be, in th present con
dition ut affair in Oregon, capable of
supporting from 00,000 to 100,000 per
sous; and a greater number of course
when the coudition of trade, and par
ticularly of agriculture, altall have ad
vanced. At preseut inch tracts yield no
income to any person, excepting tbe few
who graze cattle or sheep In the more
open spots.
The timber lauds lie mainly npon the
interior slope ot the inclosing monn
tains, 1 be extent of th forests is pro
digious, but as yet only the vngest state
ments can be given as to the available
quantity. Speaking generally, there is
a belt of limber tree npon the western
lope of the Cascade that ia twenty or
nioie miles wide, and extending north
aiid south the whole length of the rang.
Oregon's Tabl I'ropsrtjr.
The following statement show the
amount of taxable property in tbi state
as shown by tbe abstracts ot the assess
ment rolls of the several counties for the
year ISOOaud 1891:
cochty. 1800. 1891
liaker S2,01H,8.W l.fJ78,HHl
Menton 8,777.92!) 8,Wt,H(W
Clackamas a,)".! 8.H70.42O
Clatsop 8,44 UX) B,4.'lfl,H78
Columbia 945.819 1,082,M3
Coos 2.14U,4."sl 2.371,2.'tO
Criok l,2tn.m;0 1,3HH.)5
Curry 4Nfl,2!lO 6Tl.75fi
Douglas 2,HiW,47S 8;K10,10P
Gilliam NU7,4(i2 000.085
Orant 1,20H,I,20 1,2U0,.'H0
Karney l,4(W,fi!M) 1.474,880
Jnckson 8.281,002 , 8,804,G.1
Josephine 777.(170 1,180,011
Klamath 1.022,015 1,186.0:1ft
Lake...i 1,3'J5.088 1,4(M,055
Lane 4,018,000 6,782,81)1
Linn 0,400,1128 6,741,844
Malheur K'W.:Kl l,022,R'i7
Marion 7,lio4,323 7,0:t8,050
Morrow 1.22t),: l.Kllo
Muitiiontiiii r,'i;
BO.Silo.O'ZTi?
POLK 3,346,755 4,214,545
Sherman 673,400
1.405.515
Tillumook 0U1.7U3
Umatilla 4,ii83,150
Union 8,411,255
Wnllowii 725,418
Wasco 2,422,841
Washington 8,7011,470
Yamhill 8,001,581
1,011,1154
(1,81:1,700
8,871.205
784,872
2,748,110
8,052,8,rt0
4,310,001
Totuls 8114,077,788 8120,2110,18(1
OUWlON'S I'OI't LATION.
A year and a half after the completion
of the eleventh census of tbe United
HtntcH, .Superintendent Porter bus issued
a bulletin which gives the population of
Oregon by minor oivii divisions. The
figures by counties are as follows:
Ilakor 6,704 Lime 15,198
Henlon 8,650 Linn 16,205
Clackamas... 10,2.18 Mulliuur 2.(101
Clatsop 10,01(1
Coliiinbiu 5,101
Coos 8,874
Crook 8.244
Marion 22,01)4
Morrow 4,205
Multnomah.. 74,884
Polk 7,858
Curry.., 1,700
Noughts 11,8(14
Gilliam 8,0(10
Grant 5,(180
Hnrney 2,659
JiiokHon 11,455
JoHcphuie.,.. 4,878
Klamath 2,444
Lake 2,004
Hlierman .... 1,702
Tillamook... 2,0112
Umatilla ...,18,1181
Union 12,044
Wallowa,,, . 8,(101
Wnsco ,18!
Washington. 11,072
Yamhill 10,002
Total 813,707
Really the true population of Oregon
to-day is, in round numbers, just about
400,000 people. The Porter oensns was
a butch from beginning to end,
TltHiiks.
On this New Year's morning we ex
tend our tlmnks to Mr. Hockley, the
livery man of Monmouth, for courtesies
extended to us. At times he bus placed
a team utourdlnpoHul with true-lieurteil
gcticroHlty. We wish him a happy,
hunnv Hew Ycur, and may lie prosper
In business as his gentlemanly (leHirt
mutit and studious care entitles Mm to
do. Aguln tlinnks,
11
U lens tltttu the actual cash value of the priunlumH Ilia Wtwl HIUo Com
jtatty protHHH to give awity to tliowi Rottlnn up flulw. Tluwi piciiilniiw
win ih givou away
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We irlw the actual Mull uric of every rilclt, ami ask that you itinke petwoiml
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frlo $500.00.
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est totUHl and most powerful organ yet
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the cholcwtof 'iuoihi1 anil klliHlrlttl
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new nttd aclcttlltlu Imii, of thin so
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We will probably be able to show a
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th fifteenth largest club, of not less than
6 subsenber. Price M 50
FIFTEENTH.
Half-Hour with Amarloan History.
A record of important historicl event
that occurred during the last thirty or
forty year, lour volume. Cloth. Given
free for the fifteenth largest olub, of not
bat Ibau 6 sutwcrlbora. Price fit 00.
SIXTEENTH.
Brewer' Dlotlonary of Phr ana
Fabl.
Giving the derivation, source, or origin
of about 20.0UU common phrase, illu
sion, and words that have a tale to tell.
New edition, (sevrnleeth.) lhtvised aud
corrected. In this new edition lis been
added a concise biblioitrnnby ot Kniflish
literature, based upon lit larger work of
rorerenoe on th sum subject by W.
Davenport Adams, with addition. Given
free for tbe sixteeuth largest club, of not
less than 4 subscriber. Price V2.&0.
SEVENTEENTH,
Brwr's Dlotlonary of Mlraol,
Imitative, realistic, and dogmatic. With
Illustration.
''It is a most valuable addition lo the
library ut the student, and to the clergy
it ought to be specially useful." New
Yor Uerulit.
Given free for the seventieth largest
olub, of uut lews than 4 subscriber. Price
8X00, '
EIGHTEENTH.
Edwards' Work, Fot, and
Ph rasas.
A dictionary ot curious, quaint, and
out-nf tho way matters.
"A mine of curious and valuable in
formation. Nw York VhriiHun j4iwo
cute.
Given frte for th eighteenth largest
olub, of uut less tbau 4 subscriber. Pries
82.00.
NINETEENTH,
Wrltr' Hand-Book.
A guide to the art of composition, em
bracing a genernl treatisaon composition
aud style, English composition, und the
epistolnr art. Half mornooo. Given
free for the nineteenth largest elub,of nut
less than 4 subscribers. Price 82 00,
TWENTIETH.
English Synonym,
New edition. A dictionary of English
synonymos, and syuouymnii or parallel
expressions. Uosigned ns a pruoticul
guide to aptness and variety ot phrase
ology. Extra cloth. Given free for tho
twentieth largest olub, of not less than
8 subscribers. Price tW.OO.
TWENTY-FIRST.
Great Truths by Great Author.
A dictionary of ulds to reflection, fun
tul Ions uf maxims, tiiotupliors, eoitiictl 1h,
caul Ions, tijiliorlHiiis,provei-bH, etc., from
writers of all list's and bolli IiciiiIh
plinres, Cloth. (11 von frcu for the twenty-Hint
largest club, of not less than 8
subserl Iters. Prleo 2.00.
TWENTY-SECOND.
Dlotlonary of Quotations
(Now) from thu Greek, Latin, and
modern languages. Wil li an Index to
every Important word. Kxlra cloth,
til veil tree lor liui iwem.y-Hecoml largest
club, of not 1chh thuu 8 subserllHm
ITlue f.(H).
helley
Are the hmlem, mid tlielr Fall Btot-k in rwtdy
. fur ltwMHiUott. Titty lire UI1 lo tba fronl
ruuk with re moht comjilft nUnik of
GENERAL MERCHANDISE
In Polk county. TUIm bouw lins the oWit
rworU of tny liotims In Uie city, nd their to
cllltiM fur tlolnjt bualnrsM re uncquftled by
miy firm In U10 vulley. Their large facllttU
for doltiB buMluww, togtither with the fact that
their iiurohttw ure inUy made direct from
Die fw toiM taking ndvaiiUKe of all the dl
counU tliere are in night, enable them to
KtMuk with cunAdmioe an to their place belug
a wife one to place an actHiiitit or to
DEPOSIT YOUR MONEY,
Feeling sure that yon are getting taloe re
ceived. In the future, at In the past, kind
and conrteoua attention will be given to their
cuatoinem. Their stock Ih ho large and varied
that to mention articltw would be an Inipoaai
ble Unk. And thfy rcMiMwtfully invito the
publio to take a look liefore purcbaitlng their
fall stock.
helley
GENERAL REAL
Monmouth,
Good grain and stock farms and choice fruit lands
town property of all kinds.
Those having property for sale, please call.
earner &
Craven
To our Patrons and Friends we Send
Greeting.
Our efforts have been to
WE
tho HiirnasH and Saddlery
GOT
valley. We have improved our entire line of light and heavy
THEM
ImrncHH of our own mnmtfacturo, and auto have added a line of
ON
Ktwtorn light harncHH, wuldlw, whtpa, oils, robes, currycombs,
THE
brtwlnw, dusters, etc, and are
KUN
RootlH which for style, finish,
tho valley.
We oiler these goodH to the
AND
, their merit, nt prices that must bo sittisfitctory to tho buyer, and
UUK
being, as wo are, mauuritetttrers of tho goodii its above euumer
PRICES
atotl, we are pit-parcd to
below what it wits possiblo
1 HUM
and nt the samo time make it impossible for anyone not similarly
prepared to furnish harness of etiual quality at so low a price.
BEAMER & CRAVEN,
INDEPENDENCE, OR.
&
Vanduyn.
ESTATE DEALER,
- - Oregon.
maintain the tailing position among
'VE
maiuifucturera and dealer of the
now prepared to furnish a line of
and prion, are unequalud by any in
consumer with full confitleuoo ns to
furnish complete Beta of harness far
for us to do in previous years, aud
IE
Independence, Oregon.
ESTABLISHED
A QUARTER OF A CENTURY
This leading drug houae of Polk county
change bands to day. B. h. Bhetley, of
Drain, Douglaa county, baa purcbaaed Mr.
A. a Locke's half Interest The business
wilt hereafter be carried on under the Arm,
name of
BUSTER &
This old and relirble eaUblisbment carriea
the largmt and most complete stock of drnga,
medicines, druggitaV sundries, oils, palnta,
pltuhea, and books and stationery.
THE
PRESCRIPTION
DEPARTMENT
Is presided over by J. W. Buster, a well known, competent, and
experienced pharmacist, and all prescriptions intrusted to this firm
will have his personal attention.
THE
NEW .
FIRM
Will use Its utmost efforts to merit
in the past, and their patrons will
extensive than ever before.
THE
JEWELRY
DEPARTMENT
This houso also lias a full and complete Jewelry Department, presided
over by O. A. Kramer, a competent and practical jeweler.
WE WANT-
YOUR
TRADE
With the long standing and fair
do not hesitate to ask the public for
iu the future.
Our motto Is, Quick Sales and Small
Profits.
J. W.
AND
R. L. Shelley
Mm
MI
SHELL
the patronage extended this houM
find their stock more varied and
dealing of this establishment, w
their patronage aud hearty support
Buster
EV