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About The Independence west side. (Independence, Or.) 18??-1891 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 4, 1891)
hop tht depression In th price of allver I temporary and that a further trial 0' till legislation will tin favor ably effect it, , But the lnrrted whim ot eutrency thu supplied fr the u ot tht people was needed. That beneficial mult upon traits and price which have followed thin hgitiatton, I think, wmt la very clear lo everyone, nor aimuM tt b fermitten that lnrPVMvilolUf w( thtw not. istmed a lull dullni'a storlh ot tb YVt bulliOU ID At th till If tlepoeitcd In tli treasury M eccurily tor it redemp tion. Upon thi auhfecL a upon the ta-itT, mt reeoinutendntlon Li that the existing law re given a full trial, nud that our Imsine b spared th dntilti(i hiiltiuua hi.h threat ol radical change always impart, UmWr tht ahtting law mentioned, it il In ttie power ut th tu-naury department to maintain that emmniiaf litlon ot na tional rinniire, m well ot comnipmlal proapetily, tht purity in im of th coin l,ilUr and their natter iiwenttlvM. , Tht aa ranee Unit the power would h freely mt DhwitUtiiy wwd bve done nmrn la prmiur mm utin ww itrcscul lawrtile condition. I nut till of the opinion iht tht tret coinage of tllvf,unhr the eaSetlng con dition, wmttd dwastnmaiy affect our rinnimw Intereat t home an 1 aim!. We could not hope to maintain an ejal !ty in tht pnrehnaittg! power ot the gold and ailver ilillr in our own market tnd In lureiuu trade tht alaum give w ad'hd y-iu to tht bullion contained in mtn. Tht producer of tht country, ami its farmer tiul laborer have tht highest interest that every dollar, paper or win, leaned by Hi government, shall ba as H otata'uvother. If there it ont Itw vaiuahl than another, tt nr and Mont errand will I to pay them foi their toil ami tht crept. Tht money lender, will prtit ct himself hy MipuUt Inic for ptywtnt In ttiM, hut tht laburti tu oi'vcf l'i n mho u no umi. T plai" huine upon tllverbatli would niotn a tuiMpn and wr eon trni'lloo of ttit rnrrciM7, and by th lttdraluf jU tnd e.ld note and tiioh tn nn'.tlna l ail valw would prohipenftinimDivUI psnifu I cannol l-lievt that a pvopln w strong and pro peroiit a oura will promote u-h t m1h v. tii pro-incoi1 m wiv-er art en titlfd to I'lft nfdimlion, but tht tiiouM nut forxrt that tli irovernmeul i. mi huviii'j and imttina out of the nmrkttt wimt i Kiuivalont of tht entire prvdmt ut our tilv.r mine. 1 hi l irort'ban they themcelvet tlmnght ot kint tew yetra ij. t lxIU'tr It l tht enrneet dert ol a gtvt malnrlty ol tht people, a it i mine, I hut a lull coin a-w ahall ht wad ol ttlver jnut a toon a the ixwMifiniiun of othrr nation! ran twtrcnreil and a ratio Used that will g'vt cireulaiion eqaly to rtlil and tdver. Th liiieof the world divide tl nn ot Kith mi'tala. hut i do not art any ptwiet of irtin, 1 it much of loea, by irivlii np the piewnt ytent, in which a full not ie made of (told and a larir" tl" ol tilver tor ont In which til mt a!on will eirrolate. Stteh an event wonid I at one fatal to ttte further prmrreM of tht ilvr aitreement. Kimetal'Xm i the dwaiwl nd, and tht tr;it li-b-ud of ailver will be cartful not to overrun the gold and bring In aib ver nionomelalloro, with ita necetnary attendant, the loetof onr gold to Eu rope and the relief of the preta, and th. retort a large cnrrenry. I havt trc deavort l, by tht ate ot official and un official agencle, to keep a clow oHmf tnce of tht ttate of public iw-ntiuien' in Europe npon thia question, and havt not found it to he iucfi a to jtiatify me in proprHing att international conference. Ih re i, however, I am ure, a growing eeiiii ment in Europe in favor of tht target at ot til ver, and 1 know of no more etli.'cUinl way of proiooting thin (fiiti ment than ' v an'Uiiiulating gold here, A acarri'v "1 gold in the Knropean re aerve will be the moet rsiiarive argn ment tor the net of eilver. . Tbeexp"rto irold to Kurope, which began in K 'Timry lHt and eontintiejt nntil the ciokt ot July, amsroga'ed nve 70,XtO,aX). The net om of g .Id dnrhi the (lat at year wu nearly t'Jt HM (i. That no (erfm monetary (iit'irl):iiic reenlted waa tnnit gratifying, and gavi to Kiirope Ireah evidence o( 'tlittrtnt!i and ttahility ot our llimii'i.n Imtnu tion. With the movement ol rropi t -outllowot gold wa eiveitily d'hiiuiI, and a return wt in. Vp to ' Ditt-mtv let we had recovered of our gold lota ai the port r,( New York, ,.'7.8$l,tM, ami it ta confidently Ix'.h'ved Ihalditringthr winter and eiiriug tl ia aggregate will Ih tuudily and largely increased. Tut pronenct of a iarue cash aurplim in the trenmry hn fur nniny yenr been the nbjert of much unfavorable criticism, and hat (uriiinhed an arimiiieut to thore who have dwired to place i he tariff upon a purely revenue liaeia. It was agreed by all that the withdrawal from circula tion of to large an amount of money wan an embarrassment to the btiMiue of the oontry, and made iiecenry the inter vention of the deportment at intervl to relieve threatened monetary panic The tnrplm on March 1, 1.V80, waa 183, 827.11K) 29. The policy of applying thin inrplua to the redemption of trie interest lK!aring aecuritici of the United tilate wnc thought to lw proferi ble to that of de pofiting it without intercat in (elected na tiuiial inink!. Tnere liave l'n redeemed since dule lat mentioned of interest txia'ing fecuritie r2 )0,07l JJo'), resulting In a reduction of the animal intercut chargeof$ll,H3 075. The money widen inn I lieen ilepoeite.l in bank wituout In t'rot 1 Ijeing gradually withdrawn and nd in redemption ot bond. - The re unit ot thi policy of theailver leginlatlon and of refunding the porcent, bondu nni neen a large lncreaee of the money In circulation. At the date lnt named the circulation wa .205,BMB, or Oil per capita, while on the lot day of December, 18111, it had inorenttd to 1. 677,2 2 07.), or M 38 per capita. The offer ot the secretary of. the triamiry'o the holders of the A per cent, bonds to extend the tlm of redemiition at the option ol the government at an intercut of 2 per cent waxnncapted by the boldcro or about one half the amount, and the unexten'led Ikui'I are being redeemed on presentation, Kit-llinlon of Chlneat. The enforcement by he treamiry de partment of the law preventing the coming of Chlneae to the United Klatea hue lieen effective a to landing from vecHels arriving In port. The provi sion has been made to divert the travel to vet! entering the port of British O'llumbla, whence passage Into the United Hiate at obscure point along this Dominion boundary i easy. A very coiiHiderable number of Chinese labor er have, during the past year, entered the United State from Canada and Jjcilco, Tie officer of tb treamry deiiartineiit and th department ol jtittlc have uhI every mean at tl'tir eutnutamt to iuterceot thm lmmturoinm, but the' mpvi Ihility of ctlWliveSv gnanlingour exiewM (rntier la ap parent Th Umiiulon gowrnment hI" iwit a tax ol 3u twin ev ry tHi naimm tillering Canada, and tltt derive a t on tidtrahhi rvvvnut trout Xlvm whaotdv ue it port to retch the ptirlt'on ot ad vantng" hi tvoln our excliiniiiu I ft. It aevm to he aatlsfactory tvl'lenee that the huvlnea of iitig t'hluameii through Canada to tl o l'nite.1 HUle la organinKl and iptlelSy dont, Juttlcn ha eonttrutd th law to mptitt the return of anyChinamen found k lw nulawfully in thl entintry to t.'tdna a the country (row which they cam, nolwlihutandiiig ttit (act that lw cam by w ay of Canada i but the diatrlet wnrta have in cae brought Udort theinoverruUxl thin view ot tts law ami decided that unci per ton mint t returned to Canada, Thl eonatntniun ndw the law of all ellWtiv nee tl the decree esuld 1 executed, forth men returned can th next day reerwt our biwler. Hut th only ai propriation made t tor tending Ihem imi k Ui China, and the Canadian olll elala Hfne to allow tJietn to re-enter Canada without the payment ol the 5i per head tax, 1 recommend uch leg; ntion a will reiutdy the deleci in in taw. Kthrw rhnul for Olrla, The act ot July 9. 18HH. provided for the lncirpraton and management of a reform whool fur gtrla in ttie lilatrict ot Columbia, but il ha remained inopera tive, fur Hit reawn that no appropria tion ha beeh ntd tor eonatrnctlon or maintenance. Th neel of inch an In iltntjon I iirutuit. Many airla euld be aaved from depraved live by th whnlotom intluencea and reatralnt of ncti a achoolt I recommend that th necemary appropriation be made for a lte ana lor conirucwon. Kittle tf Cawrl Orltetra, In prvvlou uttttnag 1 bav called the attention of cougreaa to the neceo titvof o extending the urldlcllon ol the United H ,te omrta a to make jur adiction therein any felony commuted while in tl e act ol violating a taw of the United Hints. 1hea cotir cannot have th Independence and t lf ctivym t which the coimtltutlon rontemplatea, o long a the fvUmeon killing of hUh court officer, jntor nd witnetaea in ttie dieclinrve of their dutic. or by rvn I their act M (tt-n i amy rva-g niaabtt in the Ml court. Court af I. unit t'lln. The Judge of the eouH of pilv1 land claim provhleil lur oy in act ol starcl ;!. t have la-en apiJted and itn court organiri'd and it i now powi le tti give early atten'ion to c uniiiiinit'ef !,mi tlioirivt I ol tli.ilr dcvclon iii-iiL bv onwtUe.1 litlea, and to etaiiih the ponaettton and rinlit of tb ettler wtewe land have been rendered valuelet bj advene and unfounded ciaims. Tli t'uaiol ttartie- In th r.-Hirl of tio potmatergeu r tome very grat'ivlna reu!t re ex liib Ud and many betterment of (he Avrvic uggeteii. a jwru-ai oi in re (tort give ahuiidiint evoli;mi that the otperviaion and direction ol ttit potial yateiii have been char terixd by an intelligent and conacientioti deair to inp ove th aervice. Til revenue of he deprtment how an lncreae ot W,CXiO,ii, whdt tti tatimate for the vear IWS a how a nroln of receipt over expenditure. Ocean mall P11 office have iwii etblialied npon th ieaierof the North tierman.Uoydand (lamhurg tine, aaving by the dialribu tton on nhipliotird from two to fourteen hour tint in th delivery of mall at she port of entry, and often much more than thi in tile delivery at Interior !oe. Ko thoroughly ha thi vtetn i n Initiated by tiernmny, and th United H ate evinced it uefnlne, ml tt cannot lw long Imfore tt I in tilled upon toe grout ocean mail-carry-n !camhip, Klght thouaand mile ( new polid nervhe ba twen ettale ihei o(vn railroad. Thecardiatrlhu i.,n to tub atasioti In the great citiea ihi boi n iiierecd about t er cent, v-tillf the m'fientagt of error in dlalri KiiUm ha during the pt year lieen rained over one-half, An appMpri.diou wn given by tht ant tongre 'or the puronof making jine experiment In free delivery in the onaller citiea and town. The reult f the xeriiiienl hav been m aat (n'tory that the Ofitmatr general ecommenda, and I concur in the rec lmincndiitiun, that the free-delivcrt -vatein ! at once extended to town o .OiK) Hpu atiori. Ilia dieuwlon ot tht nmlniuiite fiicililiit extended limlci our prewnt ayatem to rural rommuni tea and hit aiigeafl'in with a View to give these commiinitic a luMer pr.rtlcl pttion in the lienetitaof the postal aer vice are worthy your careful conaide ra tion. It i not' jniit that tht farmer who receive hi mail at the neighboring town hould not only be compelled to aend to Ibo poatnUlc tor it, but pay a ronaiderable rent tor a box in which to place it or wait hi time at a general delivery window while the citv resident ha hi mail brought to hi door. It i tated that over 8I,''0 neighborhood are under the preaeni aystcm receiving mail at poatufllcra whero money order and poatal noc are not lamed. The exteneion ot th' ytem to these comnuui tie i eapecl ally thmirablc, the patmn of inch ofllce are not poeed of the other fiicilitie offered in more populnm com munitic lor tho traiianiieNion of piiiiiI1 umof money. I have, In a tneasHge to tho preceding coiigresa, exnrnaed my view r to a modified nae ol the tele grnph in couiicctlon with the Htitttn in viow. In nunnanre of the rrtail law of March 81, ISM. and after a moat careful study ut tho whole nbluct, and frequent con ference, willi Bliip oltlcara, advertiae ni! ntg were iued by tho pntnianter for letting llfiy-tliren contract to Urent Britain ami the continent, and twenty-, (even to South America, three to China nnd Japan, four to Australia and I'lie.llic Islands, seven to fhe Went Indira and two to Mexico. It wh not, ot ennrte, exp-'cted that, bids for all tiicae line ho ild be received, or that service upon all would be contracted for. It Is In tended in furtherance of the act to te nure a mnny new lines a poaaihle, while including In the lift more or nil of the foreign iiiien now occupied by Amer ican ship. It wash iped thntallnetoEn land, and pi riia'w otio to the Continent would he accural, but the outlay required to e-piip such lines wholly with new aliipa of a first cV.ias, and the difficulty of eaiaMinliinp! new line in cunipsiltion with those established, deterred b'ddflr whose intercut had been rnliaierl, Il is hoped that a wny mny yet lie found of over coming theic diificultie. The Brazilian Slentn ship Conipmy, by rennon of miscalculation n lt ht niietii of ill rtw, w,t aot hlo to Ud ader th letnu of th ilvrttimi. Tt policy of the guvemnumt waa to aettim hum tin Malttiahed line! an iiitroveil nrvint n t Ciin iHiHXt trf g ving to tliem tit henetiu of tlx law, Tin ia u uistuicM tut been tltiiiiitit. Th usuniMlct guittial etuiinatr that it ex petnliiMi in an Aiiwtic aJupyarti of alssu tio.ooo.ooo will lw necessary w iiaI) ih balden lo cunstiuct the hi iaIII Uw by tlw lervict wlu. h lltey hav aaoinl. 1 do ni llunk liter ii any rvatoa lor dtattmniKeiiieHl ot for any turning hack loan th pulicy of the legislation. Indeed, a gtsat In-ginnittg h:w beta made, am) as the suhject is tutiliei ram aideied and antlinstitwl t'y ttttliu and ahii iang peoplt new Intra iU It reidv to inevl lutum 'niils, and may tlait float th paasuge ut litis law llw luviv tl of ,Vti.teot alti'tittg htirifi and Hi mot try of a fiit slune t the rallying liiule ul lite woild, Wr wet revytviitg lor ftwevgn i! ticsttly fj. 000,000 tler llu old ayatem, imil the mil lay fca octua mail tervke tlitt n ext'twl Vk),ooh per ainiiiui, Il la romiii'l hy the istsim isici. gcnei il Ihttl if all th etiitii t. ia ptoawd atr euenplettfd It will require fj.?,t.it It thin yaw in mUutiul to tlw ijni( iwll.nl ft ar ami inlitnd pnatiiKc, already in lit rsii.in.Oi-t, ami lh.it Ah lite nest Hx.il year, yn.l.ug June Jo. tM. liter wuuM ptultalily need liul joo.ixaj. ThtNaef lirlmB. Th rwirl ut lit tentiaiy of tit navy shuts a ginlilyii'g lnewiM of new naval vesaeU in rttnnmsist, I It Newark, Concord, lien mngiuu aitit MuithtntMiiidi havt been wldeil .lining ih year wtih an aiKirgilol tonnage ol stanciliing nuire than lt.is.to tuna, Twtnty fiair tsatsiu tf alt cltuaw art now uader eon utuctmn in lit envy ytml nd privait slus., but whde i lie atiik Ui m thetn ia gong ffnl tUkttttaily, I lie ruiiiktin of ill tnofeiin portanl wilt yet rcqtiii alsml yem't toil. StKtw tit vesaela nw arnler ctttrue. turn, It M ttelieeit, will lw lttuiii'lu of naval etigousi-ring, When II k reistllecttil that the mW uf Iw'M.itg iiMslein easy waa oaly initiated in tlw year S j, that our aaval ma stun us and slap baiMett wet practically taiihout iviunc hi the enmstrurtiuo of Urgi tion or steel siti, llm our ug'n alsn n v;n(,inliAr atlh gtnil maun enginea, ami thai dw manufacture uf meet kxgings ttrgunaand dales ainsni wholly kxv gti iatlusiry, lha poajisat lltal lias ts-ett mail la rw only highly stnl..ci.ny, tan futmshe lit aisnitama thai th Cniie,! Stsies will, Iwdma katg, in th conMrue tk uf sik h veswl) wilh Itatw eugine ami aim menls at'anitti saute pitf-enunenc wturb it c aimnl when llw brat tnilruinrnt of wran comment tsa th clt.f ittip and the tttusl Mtt'tesi esltilitt of nl power tlw old w.lru ih-rc ilnlcf iuahi( war, 1'h tJlkws uf llw nvy and tlw proprietor nd wtgiiwen of our Rival erivale slktjw Imv rrs)"iile.l wilh won.lnfiil inittlltgtMHt nd pmlnainnal tul to tlw otnlt-lrm rsiivsscl by cortm ui Us iilwnt trgli)iiiifl. We Itave now at Wash ,ng i.n g.utslsigt ixc.jnu.nl and osi.lutiril Ity n.i j onsets Out in ill sysirm, eotnuniy and protlutl unrsftilled. rlsiwrtiiteitu with amsw plates tuv turn eomltated tlaritig the uh um uiiii.tnt rrsulis. It ia now Mwrcd dial l plaio of higher restsitng pnaer llutn any one in ww lias len found, and tlut lite tests ha lcn ttciwatsiiatetl llul tlienjiet itustusls of mtanfactaf tttan tiaaw herrhtkut ihtKtglM neewtry ran It uted. I eummrad to your, (nvtstiltle eiiMuJeralion th mtmiuumila itun of the trvwaty, wt htut, I m ante, giva h them the uut eoimwntani Hutly. Tltet vltoutd tw mi tw-siuiatn ia promptly compieting a nty of tit beat moilem mw, ln rnouga to enAltle litis country to display ill tttg in all MM t.t the ptutet tam ot its ctli'tns and of ill emending naumerca. Hi world rteeita no tnmm'e tg the K-mcfiil pttrpotw of Ut Untied State, but w alwll piuhably ia lit faltir awrt Utjety cretolattt lo th commerce of llw wmttl, and it is rawnlial to lite dignity ,sf llm nalitai and to tiul ptvtrful inihtctice aliK-lt it should evfinw on (hi hemisphere llm its navy shttuld 1st adequate lih Usw tlwt shorn of th Albnik and lite Patine, Vrltuv Atalnsl t hsillr. The wotk tlnne by th aitotney -general and Ih olticen of his depfltttnetu, even ttnilitr lite present ioadeqaat, Itgiiiiiun, ha poslta-e l some nastlile resutis in the inietest of It and order, Th atluraey gen.! and ! the cum aitssiiincr of Ihe I nsiiictof l iilunihui f ill at lrni;..n lu lite iltfirnvenesa ami in.lnqii.vy ,g lite law relnitig to crim agunst itie.it. ing in the Disiiui of C'ulu.nhia, A at int;fiit 3k Umn tins stihjft-t tits tcn provnlcl by Mtgreis fsMr L'utli, and it is mittef of siirjuise tltiii Ihe nccls nft'tis dtstriU altoaid have been king uvnluulted, A Tttwa Cltiverniiient rtir Alna. I reriHnntend itttl pru visum le mvle fir the oiganuatiifl of simtle tnn of town govern ment in Alaska, Midi stwer to rrgule audi nultera na are iiniisiii!ly in the Mf.tme un.lei mnnicltal contiol. Te local org-inlmliont will give better pnncrtion in such matieta lltnn lite present skclcnm tentorial organiiatiua, l'm;Kf re-tiktlons aa to Ihe wwer to levy lanes aril lo create debts s!:o ild lie imiiosed, tlghlt uf t'rlintnata. I concur in lite raoaiimrntlatkm of lite t ttwney geneml tlitt the r!,;ht in (rlmi fuses lo a review by lite supreme cnirt lie lintileil, It wmild acein that terital lilieiiy would have ictfe guarantee of tlw rij;lit of review in cane invnlvtng mil)' fine and iiiipiisinnicnl, if Inn. ilctl to the citctiit cititit of appeal unless a con stitutional qticsikm aliuuld in any way lw in volved, Th tntrlnr letrtmenl. Hie resit of the serretaiy of the interka shows th.it vety gratifying pmgicsa ha been mule in all of Ihe iHtrentis tshicli mike lift that eoni ilea and difficult tlciitment. The work in the htimtti of Indian nihil was, pciliaps, never so ktrge as now, by reason of the numemui negotiation which IiiivcUtii pniceeiling wilh lite tiiltes for reilurtion of the rvscrvaluuia, with the incident lulr of nuking allotments, and w.--s never more carefully conducted, 'fhe pro vision of adequate school facilities for Indian chililrcn, and the loin ling of adult In. limn upon funis, involve the solution of the "Indian question." Kvcryllitng else rations, anniulic, and liilnil negiaiaiions wilh the agents, inspec lora ami ojumilssioneia, who ilwliilitite and conduct them must pnas awny when the In (linn It t Itecitme a citizen, secured in the Mi viilunl ownership of a fnrm, from which he de rive Itis sultsislt-nce by hi own lalstr, protected by nnd tiilsiidiiuita to the law which govern the white mnn, and provided Ity the general government, or hy the load communities In which he lives, wllli the nienna of educating hi children. When an Indian become a citiun of an oignnueil slate or leiiitnry his relation to the general government certae in a great meni ure to lie tltitt of a wftrtlj hut the general gov ernment ought not at once to put ujton Ih slate or territory the burden of the education of Ilia children. It has been my thought that the government school nriil tcliool building upon the reaerva. lions would be absorbed by tlmachool system of the alttle and territory, hut it lina been found necessity to protect the Indlnn ngitlnst the com pulsory alicnnlion of hi Inml by exempting It horn taxation for a period of twenty-live year it would seem to lie right that the general gov eminent, a their tribal fund are in Its posse slon, should pny to the school fund of the state wlntt would be equivalent to the local school lax upon the properly of the Indian, It will be noiiced from the report of the commissioner of Indian atfoir that already some contract hav kx.en nnde with distdct acliools forth education A Intlwi) ptuluaort, ; Tr fptv, advantage, I think, in brhtging lb Imllan children inn nilsed schools, i'Tii piucea will he gradual, antt In th iiiciil t ne lint present licatiani Cvislftn and aitangenicnta, Ih Wstill of tit I tstwrirmw of llt-s wlta itavt been rhaigxd with thi work, should lit continued, Thi will nald tlma religious htalte thai hav under taken th woii of Indian tducatkm with so much hwI and with result so real r, oning and benchcenl, to place their Instlluiktn In new and useful rataiioni in lit Indian and hi whit neighbor. 'i h oullawsk among lb fituus, which oc culted In iH-cemhcr Issi, as lo II cause and in cklcnm wtrt fully miwttd npuo la Ihe war d parlinrnt, Mid Ihe depart meiit of tlw Mileitor, IImI tltes Indian had anm just eoinplnml, c( n-ially in lite matter of ill redttrilon of the appropriaikm fat ratkau, and in tit delay at tetnluig tlw enactment of laws lu nabl ihe de nartinent lo peiftam the engagemeiita entered Into with Ihem, t probably trutq hut Ih Hants lithe are naturally warlike and lurlmleui, end their warritu wet netted try their rutilfcie" nurn and rluefc, who (irmclied the wmttng of an Indian Mittwiitti, wIki was to give them .vw to dosltoy their enemies, In view of th alarm that prevailed among lite whit twlilei netu llw reset vatkau, ar fatal eonatspienos thai would have restilteti fnan an Indian inclusion,. I plactst si lit disposal of (iHirittl Mile, iHiHitniling the tlivimiB, all aimi tiul wet thought by him to h nspiiietl. He at enlilleil lo tlw credit uf having protected lit setllen and of bringing the host tics inlo tuhjccikm with the least puasibl loa of life. Tlw tppnmriatlfW of t),W,V t th Clsxiiaw and I hkkatwvts, ouilained in lite gtHieral Indian appropriation bill of MAtch J, iM, ha at twn espended, ftar th tasuasi llutt I have not yet apptovnl release, lo the guvetnment of tlw Indian claim to Ihe land. I his nwiier will tw nude lite subject of special metswg placing l(ot congress alt llw tact tshith have (sane to my knttwlolg. Tht relations of tlw five rlvilucst lril boo orotpying tlw Indian teoitoiy id th Unlii Stairs, I belie, ait liest ettlrutaled to pro mote lit highest advancement of tlmat Indians) that llwt alaatld lw wiiltin out harder live In tepentlenl stales having no relations escvj tlmw gtuwing out of llw treallea wilh lite gov ernment of in United State. No rrptesritla tkat ia tht nation's IrgtiUutre of il people or rlturtt at Martling atuanaly. It arruu to tie ineviitbl tluu (here shall tw want iMg.tnic change in Dasw iple in tlw iuieikar CAte. What furm these tiMngt-s altuuiit twrt do But think adviiwlile to suggest, ven if liter were defined ia my own inind. They should In volve th ncccpianr of liiitensliip ly llw rep resentation in tsaigtvaa. Tlww Indians slwukl hav an optuiiity lo present I Ik" tluitta and gtievaiHc tist itw ft, sir, railter than aa ihry do now hi th loMiy, If rantniutskai einiltl lw apnnir l In vtsil Ihra IiiIct lo ost ler wilh tltetn U- tlw Ule subjert, even if no agteeinent wet presrnily reached, Ih tnrl ing of tlw liilie Um tin quetiaai would I tlevekawd, and distuswai isuuld pr)r Hit way fur th change wlta'h Inml Cuttw sooner Of later, The g-t wuik of nstui ing ih larger IndUn trsrrvsimtn by alkitment tn tatvesnliy lo tlw tn.lnns, and th cession of the remaining lands lo llw United Males ks- dtMilon unoier tht htuneslead law, ha been ptovcutcd tliiiing lit year with rneigy and stictess. In .Scpieniixrt al I waa snal led to oin lo scIIh-okI tn llw letntoiy of Uklahoma ooo.oon ansa tat land, all ol wlikh was taken uti hy sritlee in a stngtt day. Th rush for tlwse lamia was aecomi nirii try great deal of est ttcment, but w ta tree from imidrnts ol violent. Il was wain: uf grant regutt Itut 1 w;t not ble lo t,en at the tame tun Ihe surplus land of lit Cheyvnn nd Amfkalai letnvatssts, tinounlmg lo about J.ooo.ooo acres, Ity nt tat tlw llisttllMriicy of apsroptfcilkn of making th alkitment. De wrvmg nd impatient seitler are walling looo ttpy these lands, and I recommend thai Sjiedal tciK-ienty pprtiriiilitin 1st poattttly matte of the amount nrctlrvt, ao that tlw allot ment may lw complete I and the suqilua lantb ojwned ia nine to i-ouiil lit aetlleii to get ujstn their (asnealead ft early ftlling. . Karly m Ihe atlntinisiratkm aiwt-iid efftal was liqjttn to hiing un tit v.ik of the gen er.il land ofltc hy faillifiil wiak. The ar rearages hav been npklly retlucetl. At 111 end of lite but luteal year mtly 84,17 ,m' igiictilturst entiles n-tnaiiietl umliisei! vt, and lite ctuumss-'imer rersata thai with lit ptesent force the wotk ran lw fully bniughl up by th iitil of Ihe nest fiscal, jvar, Vour altentkm it tilted lo llw tblhcitlly experienced try tit aeo tvtaty of the inicriir lo lite administialkm of lite law 0 Match J, H.,i, estahllslting court ,jf private land clnma, 'l ite small holdings in ended to be protected by the law are esti mated 10 lw more ihan 1 5,000 in numiwr. Th claimants are almost all of t deserving class, snd their tide are inputted try the strongest eqititie. The strongest dtlltculty grow out of land which have largely law urve)el arcunl ing lo our methods, while tl holding, many nl tshich liave Urn In the earn family lor gencratiist, are laid out in narrow utrlpat a lew itfls wide Um a'stientn, and running lank to the hill for pasture and titnlier. provision -tltotiid lw nude for niinileiiug these tracts as lots and f.w paletning them hv stall numbers, anil witlwut rcfcictcc 10 section lines. The administration of tlw pemkm bureau hi twen chatoclciined during Ih year by great diligence. 'I he total numlier of pensioner uton the nll ihe 30th tiny of une, 1N01, wo (176,. 100, Thet act alloartl tltirtng Ihe fiscal year ended at that lime 150,525 case. Of litis numlier 101,3X7 were allowed under the law of Itme 27, Ifi'io, The issuing of certificate has lieen proceeding at the mt of nliout 30,000 tet month, nlsmt 75 per cent of these be ng cnh under the new ww. The romiiiiss.oner nivssM the opinion that he will lw able to care fully adjudicate antt allow 35,000 claims timing the present fiscal year, The appropriation for the payment of pension for the fiscal year 1800-91 wasiJ7,6S5,793 89, and lb amount expended to, 530,640' io, leaving an line. pcmtctl atirplusol 1,155,144 64. The commissioner is qtiile confttlcnt that there will lw call thi year for a deficiency appniprintion, iioiwiiltstttnding the rapidity wilh which the work is lieing pushed. The mistake which litis heen tirade ity many in their estimate of the cost of prnsinns is in not tak ing account of the diminished value of first pay ment, under recent legislnlion. These pay ment, under the Inwtt, Imve Iwen for many very large, a the pension, when allowed, dale from the lime of the filing of the claim, and most of these have bt-cn pending for year. The first pnymotils, under the Ittw of June, 1S00, nro relatively small, and as the per cent of tliutte cases diminishes, the annual aggregate of Unit payment i largely reduced. The commissioner, under date of November 131I1. furnishes me with the Hitlemenl that dur ing (lie Inst four months 113,170 cct initiates were Issued, 27,803 under Ihe general law nnd Sts.JSa under the net of June 27, 1S90, The average lirst payment (luting the four months was 131 85, while the average first payment upon enscs allowed during Ihe year ended June 30, 1 89 1, was. 8139 33, being reduction in the average fust payment during these four month of 107 48, The cstiinnle for pension expenditure for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, is $144,958,000, which, by a careful ex aminiillon of the subject, the commissioner i of the opinion will he sufficient, While these dis bursement to the disabled soldieis of th laic civil war are large, they do not realU the ( aggentotl tinuiie of trni who oppose thij iwitwVciit IcRisUium, Tl sfcwiary ot lite with areai a taken In exclude fraudulent claim, and alc ih gmttlving fart thtl llw petson to winnj 'bum wnsuin art g-aag ar men tsj imtilret iji sl.gltl, latt auhataniut war settrti. lit repotl of ttie comtn.saHHWt of railroad thowi that (It total debt uf tlw ml dircd rail loads ut llw United State waa, Dctemlter i IS90, Il II,$I1.0I3 06. A Urge part of tit dels kt now list ap rottt.liing matucly, with no ade quate pruvision for It jtaynamt, (fcuias puiict It 1tc.1l ng with Ihkt del with view 10 ii ultimate uilletikm should al one tw hiteit, Il il very tttftwult, well nigh imposatbk), Us ae knge a Isidy as ttaigie to ctniiliiil th nccr aaty ntguti.iiian and invefttg, turns. I there due rettsmtirnil thut proiKuotis lw made fo the tipsiiiitiiu-ii uf a cnttiiitissM) lu agre uin anil rvpwt a plan for tleiiliiig with thu tlela, . ' Aarlewliural )Mrtinuta. tf tht esiublishnwnl of lb deparnnenl of sg liiiilniit was ieaill by any tat a mete i oiiifflssutii lo the uneu lightened tleinantl uf a auiiiiy 1 law of tht jple, ihsl iminesi--n hat town mm eflectttally wmoved try In great re sin shandy atlainol. In hifltitnc baa beet vety great in ihssemiRtiing agrkulturat and i.oitB'itltitiiil Ittloiitiiitiui, in stimulating and di. tesiteg a further divvisioa of era, in decreas ing and eradicaiuig disease of disuestk ani nuils, and, mot than all, llw t!ii iusutes, in kauutiufl, and in the fiaaul contact which it iwa evalilauwd and maintain with llw fatmcn 1 d nuck isisets of th hok oaintry. Kvery e uiM kit uiftamuikat ha had prutntit attea mi, and every a tgjjesik metiteti eonakler- n. llw kirnlils: tsa- of th dejiarlnwal il 4 a hajh nnlm, and is pushing it invesiig-i-m with itiritKKt and enthusiasm, l it ire i tvtitat try llu tlearttnenl of caul nd ii rtwluctti, tnientletl fc shipment altitssd, lu Vvn llu twi uf llw aucces which lias attended our r!roit ut aecur th remnvai of th restrie tSats maintained hythe Ewopean gomrnmetu. Kur Ira yea, petiiiott utv Ua wliert from 1 U pacU-ta and stock rauenof th United Slates havt twee tlirectetl agsinrt llicse roMric 'ions, which so seriously Untiled oar markttt ad ruitaitefl lit ptigtts of the farm. It at a sr U gnieral n mltiUtion that such ha tl I u lawn ltanl, itw tlw ellect of an enlarged kitegn matket for three meats will lw felt, not only hy llw farmer, hot In our pubbc fmancas mi in eviy laancii of trade. It 1 tstiticulaily fortunaie thai lb inctreanerl lemand kir tWI prhk-ts resulting ftont hr minimi of Ihe leslisi 11011 uji out meat and 1 om lite Kvt esai traikpatTaitgcmente lo wlii h I hfr npt slsaikl have eiww at a time when Itw gdCtiltttral airjiliia w so kstge. Wilhoul llw wlp thus .tetved kwet pricen tmM lav pre tiuleit. Ttw Kvrwary of agriculture estimate dial llw restt.rtitms upon ttw niistalk of oui oik pnslticl into I ut(.w kt maiket k J0,0uct,cxi(i ot these pioducts annually. Tlw .tain uop of this year er tlw btgc! in Ot rtistory, it Uittg JO lef teal, gtealet llwn llul uf last yeat, nil yet tlw market that his opened and tl larger ik-naii.t resulting from short croii in Kutop have istiintd price to such in esteitt ihat the etKamou mtpliat of meats ami hmutMutfs wilt tw anikeied l gtaal I rites, tawging relief and ptwperiiy lo an in ilustry tlutl waa much de retard. The value ul llw gtain crop of th Umted Slat w esth muetl Ity th secretary lo las this year Ijoo,. mio.ooo more than tasi yeart of nasal i to,, coo.cvx) nuwe, wul of ail products of llw farm f 7tx),coo,coo nsire. It i m inaprtjirit, t tlnnk, tiostever, to auggeat htre that our ail-slacta-n in llw rontunptttioa ol this marvel .ms adthoua lo lb naitontl wealth h ittcluilol y any susacttm of llw currency by wluch it kt measured, anil 10 wh'ah tlw tanner kt sutt ft the product of hi ft wrnli. Tht OtrrrMianiter." Th method of tjininwnt hy the wales of cierttat (or president nd vire-piesidcnl has r cently attracted renewed interests hy reason ol I tkjairtur Ity tlw Ml c Mi, k g a from ths meihotit which hal twotan umkaitt in all the Matt.' I'ihw to 1 83 variuu nwttutti had twit used by tlw various stales and even by lit same state. In aunt tlw nolue was made by die legislator, in other llw elector wen chosen try district, but more generally Ity tfw tnae of tlw whole state visa a general ticket. The movements toward llw adoption uf the last named method hail aa early lirginmng, a-id went steadily (award among the Mates until, in 1 832, there remained tail a single slate, V.tnlt laruliiui, thai had tu ndoUol it, that utate, unlit ihe civil war, con tinued to cIkmw it (leclttr by vote ol the legislature, but after the war, changed its mrtlasl and cotiformnl to the practice of the oilier Males, r'ur netrly sixty years alt the Males ave one have appointed tlwir eleciot hy 1 rTteular viae itin a general skket, nnd for nearly thirty yeers this metlwsl was universal. After a full lesl of oilier method wiihunt any putptitw of patty atlvantage, as we must liclicve, put atlely um the considerntkins thai nniform ity was desirable and that general ciectkm iu leiritoiial division wa nut subject to change was mosl runsistenl wilh lit popular character of our instilutkina best preserved the equality ol the volet and effectually removed Ih claace ol presitlent frtan lite Isinefut inliticncea of tlw? "gerrymander," lit practice ( all ttw Mates waa laottglit into harmony. That thi concur rence should now he broken is, I think, an un (oritiniiie and even a llttcateiiiiig epiatxte, and one that may well niggeat wlu-thcr the iate thai Mill give their approval to the old and pre vailing method ought not lo secure, by tonsil. Ititkinal amt-nilmcitl, prat lice wltich has hail tlw approval uf all lite stales. The Michigan statute provide for choosing what is iopularly known a the congressional elector for prettiilcnt by congresskmal tl.atricta, and the two senatorial electors by district (re nted for tltnl puriose, Thi legislation waa, of cmtrse, accompanied by a new congressional npminimcn(, ami ihe two statutes being the electoral vote of the Mate, under the inltuence of the "gerrymander" these gerrymander for congressional purpose are in most cases but tressed by a gerrymander of the legislative dis trict, thus making it inttiossihle for a majority of the legislative voter of the itnl to correct the piortionment nnd equalize the con gressional tlislricts. A minority rule i estalilislied that only a jwliticnl convulsion can overthrow, I have recently been advised thai in one county of a certain state three dis tricts for the election of member of the legisla ture are constituted as follows.- One ha 45, ono population, one 15,000 and one 10,000, while in another county detached non-contigious section have been miilcd to make legislator district. These method have already found ctlcclivc application to the choice of senator nntl reprcsentntive in congress, and now an evil start lias been made in the direction of ap plying them to the choie hy the state of elec tor of president and vice-president. If this In accomplished we shall then have the three great departments of the government in the grasp of the gerrymander! the legislative and executive directly and the judiciary indirectly through the power of appointment. An election Implic any body of electors hav. ing prcscrilied qtmlificalions, each one of which has an eiptal value and influence in determin ing the result, So, when the constitution pro vides that "each state shall appoint" (elect) in such manner at th legislature thereof m.ty direct, a numlier of electors, etc., and unre stricted power waa not given to the legislatures in the elertion of the methods to b used, A republicap form of government is guaranteed by th constitution by each itsie, and ihe power given by tin) law Initmiutmt to the legtslaiiiiw 01 in tffliay to pmrfrpti mentis 1 ha caok of lb ataweW must h trttd antkw Ihat hmtl4 i Th casenttal iraiuret of tuck govetm,, Vrt ttw right ol rh peopl to chous llwt, ( otTictrt ami ih ararest prsctkabi t(Uy valu In III ufltsges given in ihtterim jig CVV. It will not tw cliitBcd Hut I f ), given lo th irgtslatur would (uptw! k provMtng Hurt tlw imson rcetvin lb w jest tut Muuld la) tlw electoral claac of t Jliot all decUM should lw chosen by in vi U aingt ton gieaaiontl dkarkt Tb art W chisaw, ami under tht pretense u, )Ulirg meilto.lt ttw fcgislamr caa allbt st tlw rlgftl taf choic lrwhr nor mkm ijodt not oom formabl lo reftubUcan inst t It U not my purptaw k, discus th tpustioo. whctlwr a olwaitw- J U-gislaturt or hy in voter in tual sit'gli, I. t, a chucx by lit state, but only to n a-nd wch rec KitlkNi of thi matter Ity M ywnal nwnd nwni aa will tecure uniksatji prevail that diifracefut partiaan higgler pf, weft a liheity ofchoitw. if it alri a ten; Uoa. Nothing just a t imponsat than lopwwid vrry rJtranfcj, h alwolutey lair and free choic by an M sutfrg wub thdr respective Mate of tlia fliicei of the national government, whet! jkt suflrag k) ainilwti directly, alia th ikjof mrmljer of tlw house of ret'tewntalivtfliiuilttetly, u ia tlw chok of nwmtwr of tttai and Iht (lector of III president, sr jrt for iliUe offkwr and obedienc to th , Wlt tarn lo h tht oharactrruaic of oij,g until our elections cess to declare th 1 f nujorilie fairly aaceiistnl witluiut frat ft),prraoa ar . "geirymamlr.H M I were c upoa 10 de Clare wherein our chief aalio ynger bet, I should lay without hesitation, 1 1 uvtthtuw oflbemajoruy, and ooBtrol l fsupprcsaeio w perversa of Ih popular ssj Tlwt tlwr (a a rail Unger HtJmtist agree, but llw enctgic of thus who m havt bee chietty esjicnded in trying U 'jit responsi bility upon th opposit partytiW than ia effort lo auk such practice i, att last by either party. It ia not poMibitti to adairn that inttrtnittaU and inoatu debaie, whik w take by cuosent one s; the direo tion of reform by fulminating llj frymander, which haa been denounced try ai:tic a a inflaence ia tlw election of elect, if prnadent and mmilter of oungres. All (kale hav been acting freely and trpsmtt tVtermined Ihat the elate of electors by a nil ticket is ttw w tarsi and safes! rrKtrtnl.tftt would leem . there could be t ul.am to a . conMitutional uswiwlsai making that method pennanrnt, 11 rgislaiure chosen in on year Uioa purely l .ptcstom should put a man uf iu dsafe aa grnetal ticket (ml provide for tlw claace t elect tas by tlw Irgislatute, and tins tntfiAild tit- Utttttine llw remit, n eac mtgt endan gered. 1 liave alluded to the g uidcr aa affecting the mrtltod taf se'cc uAior at tht tuotdent by cuagressxau) titstal lait the tinirury intent and etlect of thus. ut.ci naawty stouiu nave rcut 1 kcuta of member 1 In nouse live, llw lwer of congress at with this threatening ml iatolol Tlw unfailing teal ol msincenly it form will 1 found m willingnea , to remedies, nd to put in force u aa will most effectively prcacrv Ihel iwoi'l to f.c and etiual represcnlai j An attempt was matle in UwWn Itr tig to bear th roruiiluiiunal ) getuital govemtttent for tlw cortcclsw ;to 1 of llw i fraud atrunal llw autiragt. It is nuiortal 1 know art wt Iter Ibe-otituiilioa to such tiurc teally vested in lb particular fealuiJ;,sl lo tw olHectionatiie or Ittclmte any (tosimia ta go to the electiu taw of lb I'll ade lUitcy to the correction of I acknowlolged evil. I must yet cnaj Vaw Ihtt it at Do)!" to stem nalrkak consitleratioa of such ar staiutiav cruutt aa nut ll wry to tecure the chok I the afu-ert of the government lo I pie by fair apportionment and frelitin, I lelieve it wouhl be pcaaslik to ftttul a commiMiion, non-partBan ia ijoem liersiiip and composed of patriotic, ay and mpartini men, 10 wlrnm a consklcjln of he question of Ihe evil connected It our ein iaai tnntem nd methods might Icom ti.ticil with goott fwoipect of srcuiiiiguim- , ly in sriiitc plan for relieving or willing i!u-c evils, Th eonMituikm wouhlmui lie st-lectkm to tw trotted in the suprrlwirt ,f that inrtlnxl wtad.l give th lint gintee if impartiality, Thi coram twiion thi be durged wilh lh duty ul itHuuing mlo Isub xl of elections as relating lo choice otjctr rf lite national government, with a vielf ae siting to cveiy elector free and unmotrl ex-rci-e of the suHiiige and as near an arLtch !,) an it) tahty of value in each ballot ca ia atlninaWe. ' I ' While tlw politics ot the general go vc lent iin ttie larin, Utin Ihe res! oration uf 01 ter chant m trine, U on the river and harl un--auvjtn mis and mher such matten of era tnd .enroll concsin, are hahle lo lw turned Ii ray a thai by the result of congresskmal el m tnd adminisintlion, policies sometime t dxr 111 issue tend to pear or war, to I ted this way or thai by ihe resulta of a pretu, ;ul ticction, there is rightful interest in all the tea and every cotigrestuoitnl district that will 1 lw deceived or silenced try llw audacious pre w 1 hat a iptestion of right of any hotly of ;ol votet in any Mate or tn any congrcsskm.' is t.rd lo give their u!fmge freely uiwn :w . general nueslions is matter only of local .n cent or control. Tlw demand that Ihe Itla lams of sufintge shall lw found in the law.ftd imly there, ia a just demand, and a just tin should not resent or resist it. I My nptwo! is and must continue to be. It omsultttHin tliat ahnll "piticeetl with catlr, cnlnmes and aiicnce ufon the line of Jul and humanity,, not by prejudice ami cruel" The censideratkm of these grave queslionii- . vile not only the ntlenikw of congress, lit jit of all cituten. We must not entertain lln litsion that our people have censed lo reguta free billot and etpui reireeiitnlion a the ie of their allegiance to laws and to civil m fi liates. I have been greatly rejoiced to rote tinny evidences of the increased ttnificaliolil out people and of a revised national spt). The vista that now opens to us is wider wl more glorious than ever Itelot. Gralilicaft ami amaiement struggle for supremacy nse contemplate the population, wealth and ml strength of our country, A trust, mont totts m its influence iiion our people nnd tii lite world, for a brief time, is committed 10 a, ami we must not lie faithless to its conditioaK llio defense of the free nnd ihe etpt.tl inHurjc ol Ihe people in the choice of public olh.la and 111 the control of public nllairs. , j Tlie succcps of the effort to utilise tie an: or power in HwiUerlnnd ha tor ml tittntion to the great wnterfall ot Stay tn, and several project have been tit .'iiased for tupplviug anine of the larpa lowna with electricity. 5 In the hot region of Africa more thin 'i,i iHI laboror are engaged in bttihllng tie Congo railroad, ami in the cold region of Siberia many thousands of Kuaslaw re employed iii the construction of tie I'ranasibefian railroad, t The Kxly of GambetU ia In Nice. Ha brain ia in th muse tun ot the Pari Ai throimtoglcal Hociety. HI heart -hw just Wen deposited beneath th monl ment reiiti to hi memory at Vila " 7 I of p '- iorwntA- ft lo tl.nl I lnte. tkm re- I infer a ieasurea of lit Vale b and tin tlw 1 calm. cmitkjnal nccea. f
