3
THE MEDFORD DAILY TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREOON. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 2, 1900.
Medford Daily Tribune
Official Paper of the City of Medford.
Published every evening except Sunday.
MEDFORD PUBLISHING COMPANY
George Putnam, Editor and Manager.
Admitted as Second-Class Matter in the Postof f ice at
Medford, Oregon.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES :
.month by mail or carrier... .$0.50 One year by mail 48.00
TODAY'S WEATHER PREDICTION.
Clear today and tomorrow. Warmer. ,:
A rare and salubrious climate soil of remarkable fertility
beautiful scenery mountains stored with coal, copper and gold
extensive forestsstreams stocked with speckled beauties game in
abundance a contented, progressive people such is lie Bogue
River Valley. ":
Average mean temperature.;.1.. 55 degrees
Average yearly precipitation1 21 inches
CONVICTION BY PETtJUBY.
The case of Charles Nickell presents a strong sidelight
on. the methods employed to secure convictions in the Ore
gon land fraud cases. : : . .'.
Mr. Nickell was convicted of conspiracy to suborn pcr
' jury upon the testimony; of self-confessed perjurors, who
hoped by manufacturing damaging evidence against him
to secure immunity for their
Frank E. Kincart, the timber grafter, who admitted
his own guilt and helped send Mr. Nickell to prison in
the hope of escaping punishment himself, has voluntarily
made the following affidavit :
"In expectancy of immunity from 'my illegal acts, I
pleaded guilty to said indictment, and at the trial I made
statements and charges against Charles Nickell that were
not in accordance with the facts; that I never had any con
nection or conversation with the said Nickell in regard
' to the location of said timber lands and as far as I know
he had no knowledge whatever of any illegal acts con
nected therewith .
Here is a case, perhaps one of many, where a man's
freedom was deliberately sworn away by a cowardly scoun
drel, who hoped thereby to escape his just deserts. Is there
any wonder that little odium attaches to a land fraud con
viction in Oregon? V ,-(
Both Francis J. Heney, who prosecuted Mr. Nickell,
' and Federal Judge Hunt, before whom the case was tried,
' recommended a conditional pardon for Mr. Nickell, yet
President Taft refused to sign it, though the largest par
don petition ever sent from Oregon requested it.
"THE GIRL FROM RECTOR'S." '
Good acting does not atone for bad plays.
"The Girl From Rector's" is coarse, disgusting and un
healthy. It is vicious. It is useless.
"The Girl From Rector's" points no moral and adorns
no tale. It is an unvarnished portrayal of degeneracy de
veloped by the idle rich, without a redeeming feature. The
play, though clever in spots, is not novel, the situations
not new, and the plot vulgar in the extreme.
There is always an undercurrent of slime beneath the
placid waters of conventionalism, but because it is there,
is poor excuse for parading it before the public, with its
suggestiveness and its nastiness.
The stage is a great educational force, but it is a pros
titution of its power to whitewash puriency and paint vice
in rainbow hues.
A Bargain
The famous 120-acre
j. W. THOMAS GROVE FARM
85 acres of alfalfa garden, 20 acres of the prettiest oak anad laurel
grove in the valley, 15 acres of apples and pears in bearing,, and
loaded with fruit at the present time.
This is the best proposition ever offered in Southern Oregon.
See
WHITE & TROWBRIDGE
Exclusive Agents, for prices, terms, etc, at office,
Phone 93 6 Fir street Medford
own crimes.
Urges Go'Operation of Fruit Growers
THE California Fruit (1 rowers' Exchange is i co-operative organization
which haa marketed for the, citrus growers of California oranges and lem
ons amounting to $132,785,500 gms'.v, but . never declared a dividend or
accumulated one penny in dividends to i ts stockholders.
President of California Fruit
The citrus fruit season of 1908-00 J
is drawing sufficiently near to nu
i
end for us to make a comparatively
close estimate of the number of boxes !
and returns for the sumo. According
to the brief delivered to tho ways and
means committee of the house of.
representatives, by tho Citrus Pro-j
tective league of Culiforniu, thure are
about 120,000 acres of orange and
lemon trees in bearing, and we esti
mate this year's yield from all over
the state will amount in round num
bers to 14,500,000 boxes and the
gross sales not far from $30,500,
000; deducting cost of freight und
icing, at an average price of 95 cents
per box, equaling $13,775,000, mak
ing the net amount received in Cali
fornia f. o. b. cars $22,875,000.
The production per acre varies
enormously all the way from next to
nothing to 000 boxes. The average
production for the season 1908-9 for
the total number of acres in bearing
in California, according, to above
acreage, is about 120 boxes per acre.
The yearly cash returns per acre va
ries similarly to the yield and the
variety of fruit grown, from next to
nothing to from $1000 to $1100 per
acre (the latter returns having been
realized in some cases account heavy
yield and high prices prevailing for
some particular variety sold at the
top price in some particular season).
A very closely tabulated statement
of returns on oranges sold by the
exchange for the season of 190-1-5
(a season of rat AW low prices) show
ed in general the following results.
About one-third of nil the fruit sold
showed a net loss to the growers.
About one-third of the crop returned
a new dollar fo'r an old one and the
remaining one-third returned from a
fair to a vcrv good profit.
Orchardists Employ 150,000 Laborers
There nre probably from ten to
twelve thousands orchardists engag
ed in the industry, and it supports nil
told, including: laborers and their fam
dies, about 150,000 people.
The principal producing comities
are Riverside, Los Angeles, San. Ber
nardino. Tulare, Orange, Ventura and
Santn Barbara.
The principal distributors are the
California Fruit Growers' exchange,
the Rcdlunds Mutual Orange Distribu
tors, the California Citrus union, the
Xntiomil Orange company. Randolph
Fruit company and the Rodlands as
sociations, and probably the most
noted simile growers nre C. C. Chap
man of Fullcrton. F.. A. Chase of the
Xational' Orange company and Mr.
Xutlion W. Blnnchard of Santa Pau
la. The approximate amount received
by the citrus grower. in California
from the time of the first shipment
east is probably something over $250,
000,000. There is no doubt that the
opening of the Panama canal will be
of very material benefit lo the citrus
grower, enabling him to put his fruit
in nil eastern markets nt n much low
er price and in belter condition, which
means a largely increased consump
tion, ner capita and will open to a
certain extent foreign markets for
our best fruit. .
Our ideal climatic conditions .and
the romance attending the growing of
the orange and leninn has drawn into
the ranks of the citrus grower many
cultivated and bright business men
from nil sections of the world, who
have applied the same nervous energy
nnd keen neumcn (which mode for
them fortunes in other lines of bus
iness or profession) to the successful
growth nnd the marketing of tho
orange and lemon.
Growers Benefit Jiy Exchange.
Thes first carload of oranges was
shipped firom California in 1877, from
what is known as (he "Wolfskill or
chard," in Los Angeles, which were
nil seedlings. Most of the plantings
had been for domestic needs only, but
with the completion of the Southern
Pacific railway the growintr of or
anges received a great, impetus which
was accelerated by the high prices
received after the ndvnt of Wash
ington Xnvls on the market, and the
completion .of the Santa Fo railway.
For the first few years prices were
very satisfactory, although very un
By F.Q.STORY
Growers' Exchange un d of Growers'
even; somo growers receiving from
100 to 200 per cent more tlmn other
growers for the sumo variety of fruit.
Tu 1885 tho shipments amounted to
about 1000 carloads, and the market
ing conditions were all but unbeara
ble. . At a meeting of the - growers
throughout southern California held
in Los Angeles, October 24, 1885,
tho delegates by a formal resolution
recognized tho fuct thut unless somo
united action was taken for improv
ed methods in tho sain of their fruit,
they would soon lose their homo. They
held sessions forenoons, afternoons
nnd nights for several days, which
resulted in the organization of the
"Orange Growers' Protective union."
Tho results for the first year were
very advantageous, but after an ex
istence of several ycurs the union
wus finally hammered to pieces by
commission men und . buyers, who
were ublo to make larger profits by
forcing the growers to sell their fruit
singly. From the time the union dis
solved to JStl.t tho growers were
practically portioned out among the
different private shipping firms, none
of whom would invade the others
territory. I he writer sold Ins seed
lings in 1892 for 10c per box of 70
pounds on the trees, and the fruit
cost not less limn 50c jier box to
raise it. At this time and for one or
more years previous, certain sections
or districts had formed associations
in n small way and were marketing
their fruit through the officers of
the associations. As a rule they re
ceived' much better results than the
individual shipper, which led them
to believe that their beginning al
though small cad weak, was along
the right line. This step mnrks the
commencement of co-operative mar
keting of citrus fruits in California.
T. H. B. Chamblin "Exchange Father"
Through the work and agitation of
TUB Chamblin, who is known as
the "Father '.of the Kxehuiige," the
various sections and shippers began
to believe that u combination of their
interests along co-operulivo lins
would result in belter methods of
handling and selling their fruit, and
enable them to get better results. A
mass- meeting of the growers was held
at Los Angeles in the chamber of
commerce August 29, 1893, the ex
pressed purpose of the meeting being
"to provide for the marketing of all
the citrus fruit at the lowest possible
cost under uniform methods ulid in
n manner to secure to each grower a
certain iiiiH'keting of his fruit und
the full average price to he obtained
in the market for the entire season."
'Following this, local arreciations
.were .formed throughout the principal
fruit districts on the basis that Un
packing of the fruit would be done at
cost, nnd the marketing done through
tan executive committee composed of
one member lrom each district. I ins
arrangement continued through the
seasons of 1894 nnd 1895 and, while
not entirely satisfactory, gave much
evidence to the growers us to con
vince them they were marketing thier
fruit along the right lines. October
24. 1895. the Southern California
Fruit exchange was organized on u
purely co-operative basis, with Mr.
A. If. Xaftzger ns president.
The growers organized first under
the head of associations and all the
associations of one. locality formed n
subexchnnge, which had its president,
secretary and bookeepers. Its honrd
of directors was chosen from the
representatives of its associations.
The representatives of the subex-
clinnge, now numbering fourteen,
form the directory of the California
Fruit Grower's Fxchango.
"The associations tnko (he grentest
possible care in the picking nnd the
handling of fruit Ihnt it shall not
suffer any mechanical injury (as
upon this will depend the percentage
of decay en route), to grade it to
accurate sizes and to sort it ns to
qualify with tho greatest core, nnd
finally to pack it as tastefully and
ns solidly ns they may without injury
to the fruit, shipping it to such points
as the sub-exchange directs, and here
tho association's responsibility ends,
though they moy take part in decid
ing, if they so desire, not only as to
Supply Company.
the market it shall hn sent to, but
have the final say us to tho sale of it.
During the period of seventeen
months, viz., from April 1, 1903, to
August 1, 1904, tho Southern Califor
nia' Fruit Exchange combined, its in
terests in the sale of thier fruit with
the principal non-exchange shipping
iuteerests under the name of the Cal
ifornia Fruit Agency. The net re
sults obtained were not satisfactory
to tho growers, and on September 1,
1904, "the exchange resumed the sale
of the fruit it controlled. On Mured
27, 1105, the California Fruit Growers'
Exchange was incornorutcd. and on
September 1, following, succcded to
inu Dusiness nt tho Niiitliern ( alitor
nia Fruit Exchange.
Tho California Fruit Growers' Ex
change meets weekly ami its sessions
nre very strenuous, cverv momhei-
giving his best thought anil effort to
the upbuilding of the exchange. The
suhcx'cliuiigcs meet monthly or semi
monthly. The associations usually
meet less frequently. A copy of tho
minutes of the meeting of the ex
change irircctnruto is sent out tin
same day to each one of its snbex
cliani'es anil is rejut tit Ilia .li
... j
ol the exchanges at thier first" meet
ing thereafter. A copy of the min
utes of each suliexcliiinges' meeting
is sent lo each of its affiliating asso
ciations, thus keeping every branch
of the business in toiieh with each
other. The head exchange has in
spectors at all the principal division
points along the main arteries of
traffic this side of the Missouri river
who make detailed dailv l'etMirf s
showing the percentage of decay and
general condition of each car nml
ohur of leaving and any information
or value in regard to the shipment.
uwi uip -cr in Business
The exchange has its own cipher
code, which is carefully revised every
year or two along lines of its own
special business. Every district
malinger daily telegraphs cither lo
the Los Angeles, headipiartcrs or to
the general eastern agency ntVhicago
thier sales or offers on fruit and any
other iiigfromation of interests to the
Los Angeles sales managers or grow
ers. These telegrams bckiu coming
in, in cipher about 8 a. in. Those
coming in early in the day are trans
lated and telephoned to the various
siibexchunges interested, and in some
cases to tho associations. Two or
three additional clerks begin woik nt
1 o'clock p. m. in deciphering these
telegrams and it is Ihir duly to re
main as laic as 12 o'clock at mid
iiight in order to get all oft he reports
MISFITTED LENSES ARE
By my method 'errors of tho eye causing nerve strain nre ac
curately measured, proper lenses proscribed, when headaches and oth
er troubles disappear. It is u. well known fact that children in school
classed as stupid have often bcenknown to make rapid progress after
errors of this sort have boon corrected. 'Brief consultation free.
DR. IVY M. ROBINSON,
Eyesight Specialist,
East Main St., Over Nicholson's Hardware. Medford.
ASHLaND
xo
Swedenburg Block.
Here Is a year's Work for you. An earnest nnd enthusiastic young
man or woman can secure an excellent course of business training.
Splendid rooms in tho Swedenburg block, individual instruction, in
creased faculty. Everything up-to-date.
Enter September (ilh nnd sccuro tho best, yenr's work of your life,
including our full eourso in gymnasium work. '
P. RITNER. A. M., President.
and telegrams translated and iniiiieo
graphed in the morning bulletin,
which goes out to the exchanges on
the .'I a. in. paper Iriiius, so that on
the following morning every hiibiix
change and associations inn v know
what was done on the previous day
and virtually know the condition und
the whereabouts of each uud every
cur they are interested In.
''Dining the busy season tho ox
change has from 1200 to 1500 oars
ouch day, either on switch or roll
ing, so that it is easy to realize that
tho expense in keeping such close tab
is very great, amounting in telegrams
alone to from $500(1 to $7000 per
mouth, during much of the season.
The exchange has a separate pigeon
hole to receive history curds of each
brand or quality of fruit shipped by
each of its associations, they being
grouped together according to tho
sub-exchanges to which I hey belong.
Knell sub-exchange has separata
pigeonholes for each brand or qual
ity of fruit shipped by its affiliating
associations.
Each cur shipped bus' its own his
tory curd, iimiii which is entered
every particular of interest apper
taining to that ear, date of shipment,
the car number, the exchange and
association number, whether under
ice or not, by what line routed, tho
variety of fruit, the number of boxes
and the size in each, and all oilier
matters of special interest at dale of
shipment, and each morning as tka
bulletins referred lo above aro re
ceived, the additional information
therein contained is transferred in
thai cur's special card, so that in a
moments time the manager of the ex
change or anv snb-exchiinges can re
fer lo any particular car, tell very
closely where it is at that moment and
its full history lis lo sale, diversion
nnd to condition, upcuruncc, decay,
etc.
This is a matter of iiicaleiilnblo
benefit in handling the cars to tho
best advantage and enabling the ex
change bv their right of diversion In
j keep every market in the country
evenly supplied. Not withstanding
all this minute care and expense, the
business is sn large that the average
expense of selling each box is seven
cents.
1909 Citrus Sale? Immense.
A ose estimate of this year's bus
iness ending August 31, by the Cal
ifornia Fruit Growers' Exchange will
how the following results: total mlo
of oranges, 19,000 carloads, of
lemons 14.000 carloads; lotiil gross
salec reaching $22,(100,000, netting f.
o. b. California, $1 1.300.000. As
illustrative of close lab kept by tho
officials 'of the exchange on all its
business, its gross sales for Die three
years preceding the present one
omoiinting to $51,442.1(18.01, there
was a loss from bail debts of only
$301.45, and on the basis of five per
j cent for guaranteeing sales formerly
charged by the fruit commission men
this would show a saving lo the ex
change growers of $2,571,7111.98.
"One of the great advantages to
the grower in joining the exchange ii
(Continued on Dago 8.)
DEAR AT ANY PRICE.
L