▼✏✑✎✞☞✱ ✒✓✑✁ ✔✕✱ ✔✖✗✘
❚ ✁ ✂✄☎✁✆✝✁✆ ✫ ✥✞✟✁✆ ✠✡☛☞ ✌✁✆✞✍✎
❉✙✚❨✛✜ ❉✢✣✚❨
✶✷✸✹✺✷✻ ✼✽ ✼✷❡✺✾ ✿❀✷❁ ✼❂✽✻✷ ❃❂✽ ❄❁✹✸❅✷❈ ●✾ ✼❂✷ ■❏✾❈✹✾✹✽❁❑✶✹✸❂ ▲✷P✷✾◗❯❱✷
✤❖❘❖✦❍✧ ❙❲❆❘✦
❋★✩❙❍✪❆✬
❳② s✐st❩r ❛♥❞ t✇♦ ♦❢ ♦✉r ❝♦✉s✐♥s ❤❛❞
t❤❩✐r ❜✐rt❤❞❛②s ❧✐♥❩❞ ✉♣ ✐♥ ❬✉♥❩ ❛s ♦♥❩
❛❢t❩r t❤❩ ♦t❤❩r❭ ♥♦t ✐♥ t❤❩ s❛♠❩ ②❩❛r ❜✉t
❜② t❤❩ ❞❛② ❪ ❬✉♥❩ ❫❴❭ ❫❵ ❛♥❞ ❫❣❥
❦♥❞❭ ❜❩❝❛✉s❩ ✇❩ ❛❧❧ ❧✐✈❩❞ ✐♥ t❤❩ s❛♠❩
t♦✇♥ ✐♥ qr♦✇✐♥q①✉♣ ❞❛②s❭ ✐t ✇❛s❭ ✐♥❞❩❩❞❭
❛ ❜✐rt❤❞❛② ✇❩❩③❥
④ ✇❛s t❤✐♥③✐♥q ♦❢ t❤❩♠ t❤✐s ♠♦♥t❤
❛s ❩❛❝❤ ❤❛❞ t❤❩✐r ❜✐rt❤❞❛② ❧✐st❩❞ ♦♥ ♠②
❝❛❧❩♥❞❛r ❢♦r ♣❛st r❩♠❩♠❜r❛♥❝❩s❥
⑤❤❩② ❧✐♥❩❞ ✉♣ ❛s ⑥✐❧❧❭ ✇❤♦ ✇♦✉❧❞ ♥♦✇
❤❛✈❩ ❜❩❩♥ ⑦⑧❭ s✐st❩r ⑥❩tt② ❛t ⑦❵❭ ❛♥❞
⑨✐❝③ ❛t ⑩❴ ✐❢ ♠② ❶q✉r✐♥q ✐s ❝♦rr❩❝t❥
❷✉r ❦✉♥t ❸st❤❩r st✐❧❧ ❧❩❛❞s t❤❩ ✇❛②
❢♦r ❛❧❧ ♦❢ ✉s ❜❩❝❛✉s❩ ♦♥ ❬✉♥❩ ❫⑦ ♦❢ t❤✐s
②❩❛r s❤❩ ❝❩❧❩❜r❛t❩❞ ❤❩r ❫❹❫ ②❩❛rs ✇✐t❤
❛ ❺❩st ❢♦r ❧✐✈✐♥q ❛♥❞ ❝❧❛r✐t② ♦❢ ♠✐♥❞ ❢♦r
✇❤✐❝❤ ✇❩ ❝♦✉❧❞ ❛❧❧ ❤♦♣❩❥ ④t ✇❛s q♦♦❞ t♦
✇✐s❤ ❤❩r ❛ ❻❛♣♣② ⑥✐rt❤❞❛② ✐♥ ♣❩rs♦♥❥
④ ❧✐st ⑥✐❧❧❭ ⑥❩tt②❭ ❛♥❞ ⑨✐❝③ ❩✈❩♥ ✐♥
t❤❩✐r ❛❜s❩♥❝❩ ❜❩❝❛✉s❩ ♦❢ t❤❩ ❧✐♥❩①✉♣ ♦❢
t❤❩✐r ❜✐rt❤❞❛②s ❛♥❞ t❤❩✐r q✐✈❩♥ ♥❛♠❩s❭
❛s t❤❩② t✐❩ ✇✐t❤ s♦♠❩t❤✐♥q ✐♥ ♠② ♦✇♥
❧✐❢❩ ②❩❛rs ❛q♦❥
❦❝t✉❛❧❧② ④ ❤❛❞♥❼t t✐❩❞ t❤❩ t✇♦ s✐♠✐①
❧❛r✐t✐❩s t♦q❩t❤❩r ✉♥t✐❧ t❤✐s ②❩❛r ❛♥❞ q♦t
❛ ❜✐q ❧❛✉q❤ ♦✉t ♦❢ ✐t❥
❽♦✉ s❩❩❭ ②❩❛rs ❛q♦ ④ ❧✐✈❩❞ ✐♥ ❾❛❧❩♠
✇✐t❤ ♠② ♦✇♥ ❢❛♠✐❧② ❛♥❞ ✇❛s ❛ ♠❩♠❜❩r
♦❢ ♦✉r ❝❤✉r❝❤❼s ❝❤♦✐r ✉♥❞❩r t❤❩ ❞✐r❩❝①
t✐♦♥ ♦❢ ⑨❩❛♥ ❳❩❧✈✐♥ ❿❩✐st❭➀✐❧❧❛♠❩tt❩
➁♥✐✈❩rs✐t② ➂♦❧❧❩q❩ ♦❢ ❳✉s✐❝ ✐♥ ❾❛❧❩♠❥
❿❩♦rq❩ ❤❛❞ ❢♦✉♥❞ ❛ ➃♦❜ ✐♥ ❾❛❧❩♠
❛❢t❩r ❝♦❧❧❩q❩ qr❛❞✉❛t✐♦♥ ❛♥❞ ✇❩ ❤❛❞
♠♦✈❩❞ t❤❩r❩ ❛s ❛ ❶rst st❩♣ ✐♥ ❜❩✐♥q ♦♥
♦✉r ♦✇♥ ❛s ❛ ♠❛rr✐❩❞ ❝♦✉♣❧❩❥ ⑥❩❝❛✉s❩
♦❢ t✐❩s ✇✐t❤ ♦✉r ❤♦♠❩ ❝❤✉r❝❤ ✐♥ ➄❛
❿r❛♥❞❩ ✇❩ ✈✐s✐t❩❞ t❤❩ ❾❛❧❩♠ ❝❤✉r❝❤
❛♥❞ ➅✉✐❝③❧② ❜❩❝❛♠❩ ♣❛rt ♦❢ t❤❩✐r ✇❩❧①
❝♦♠❩ ✇❤❩r❩ ✇❩ ❢♦✉♥❞ ♥❩✇ ❢r✐❩♥❞s❥
➆➇➇ ➈➉➊➋➌➍➎➏➇ ➐➑
✃❐❒❒❮❰Ï ÐÑÔ❐ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßÛÞØàáÝÞâãØäåÖæç×
èéêë ìíîï ðñíðñò éñó ðêíôë ðíê
❇❊✭✮❊❊◆
✭✯❊ ✰✲✮✳
❲✩✬✤✧ ❙✴❍✪✵✤✦
➄❛st ➀❩❞♥❩s❞❛②❭ ④ t♦♦③ ❛ ➒②✐♥q r♦✉♥❞
tr✐♣ t❤r♦✉q❤ t❤❩ ➂♦❧✉♠❜✐❛ ➓✐✈❩r ❿♦rq❩❥
④ ✇❛s ♣❧❛②✐♥q t♦✉r q✉✐❞❩❥ ⑥❩❧✐❩✈❩ ✐t ♦r
♥♦t❭ t❤❩ tr✐♣ ❜❛❝③ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❩❞ s♦♠❩ ❤✐③✐♥q❥
⑤❤❩ ❤✐③❩ t♦ t❤❩ ➔✐st❛ ❻♦✉s❩ ✇❛s
❛❜♦✉t ❛ ➅✉❛rt❩r ♠✐❧❩ ❛♥❞ ✇❩ ❢❩❧t ✈❩r②
❧✉❝③② t♦ ❤❛✈❩ ❢♦✉♥❞ ♣❛r③✐♥q →s✉r♣r✐s❩❞
❛t t❤❩ ❝r♦✇❞s ♦♥ ❛ ➀❩❞♥❩s❞❛②➣ s♦ ✇❩
❞✐❞ ♥♦t ♠✐♥❞ t❤❩ ✇❛❧③❥
⑤❤❩ ❤✐③❩ ❛t ➄❛t♦✉r❩❧❧ ↔❛❧❧s ✇❛s ♠♦r❩
❧✐③❩ ❛ ♠✐❧❩ ♦r ♠♦r❩❥➀❩ s❛✇ ♠❛♥② t②♣❩s
♦❢ ✇✐❧❞➒♦✇❩rs ✐♥❝❧✉❞✐♥q s♦♠❩ ✇✐❧❞
❜❧❩❩❞✐♥q ❤❩❛rts❭ ❛♥❞ s❛✇ t❤❛t t❤❩ s❛❧♠①
♦♥❜❩rr✐❩s ❛r❩ r✐♣❩ ❛♥❞ t❤❩ t❤✐♠❜❧❩❜❩r①
r✐❩s ✇♦♥❼t ❜❩ r❩❛❞② ❢♦r ❛ ✇❤✐❧❩ ②❩t❥
④t ✐s ❛ s❤❛♠❩ t❤❛t s❛❧♠♦♥❜❩rr✐❩s
→➓✉❜✉s s♣❩❝t❛❜✐❧✐s❭ ❛ ♠❩♠❜❩r ♦❢ t❤❩
r♦s❩ ❢❛♠✐❧②➣ ❛♥❞ t❤✐♠❜❧❩❜❩rr✐❩s →➓✉❜✉s
♣❛r✈✐➒♦r✉s ❪ r✐♣❩♥✐♥q ✐♥ ❬✉❧②↕ ❤❛✈✐♥q
❴①❧♦❜❩❞ ♣❛❧♠❛t❩ ❧❩❛✈❩s r❩♠✐♥✐s❝❩♥t ♦❢
♠❛♣❧❩ ❧❩❛✈❩s➣ ❞♦♥❼t ♦❝❝✉r ✐♥ ❩♥♦✉q❤
❛❜✉♥❞❛♥❝❩ ❩✈❩r②✇❤❩r❩ t♦ ♣r❩s❩r✈❩
t❤❩♠ ✐♥ t❤❩ ❢♦r♠ ♦❢ ➃❛♠ t♦ ❛♣♣r❩❝✐❛t❩
t❤❩♠ ✐♥ t❤❩ ✇✐♥t❩r ❛s ✇❩❧❧❥ ④ ❩s♣❩❝✐❛❧❧②
❧♦✈❩ t❤✐♠❜❧❩❜❩rr✐❩s❭ ❛s t❤❩② ❤❛✈❩ ❛
♠♦r❩ ✐♥t❩♥s❩ ❛♥❞ t❛rt ➒❛✈♦r ❛♥❞ ④ ❝❛♥
♣✐❝t✉r❩ t❤❩♠ ❛❧♦♥❩ ♦r ♣❛✐r❩❞ ✇✐t❤ ♦t❤❩r
❜❩rr✐❩s ♦r ❢r✉✐t ✐♥ ❛ ♣✐❩❥ ④❢ ②♦✉❼r❩ ✈❩r②
❧✉❝③②❭ ②♦✉ ♠✐q❤t ❶♥❞ ❩♥♦✉q❤ ❢♦r ❛ ♣✐❩
♦r ❛ ❜❛t❝❤ ♦❢ ➃❛♠❥
⑥❩s✐❞❩s ❜❩✐♥q s♣❛rs❩❧② ♣♦♣✉❧❛t❩❞
t②♣❩s ♦❢ ❜❩rr✐❩s❭ ❛♥♦t❤❩r ❢❛❝t♦r ✐♥ t❤✐s
❞✐❧❩♠♠❛ ✐s t❤❩ ❩➙tr❩♠❩ ❢r❛q✐❧✐t② ❛♥❞
♣❩r✐s❤❛❜✐❧② ♦❢ t❤❩s❩ ❢r✉✐ts❥ ④❢ ②♦✉ ❶♥❞ ❛
st❛s❤ ♦❢ t❤❩♠❭ ②♦✉ ♠✉st ❞♦ s♦♠❩t❤✐♥q
✇✐t❤ t❤❩♠ t❤❛t s❛♠❩ ❞❛②❥
➆➇➇ ➛➜➊➝➞➟➌➍➎➏➇ ➐➑
➠➡ ➢➤➥➦➧➨ ➩➧➫➤➥
➭➯➲ ➳➵➸➺➻ ➼➵➻➯➽➾➺➻➚➪➯➶➹
④❼♠ ♥♦t ❛ ❢❛♥ ♦❢ ③❛❧❩❥➀❤❩♥ ③❛❧❩ ✐s ♦♥ ❛
♠❩♥✉ ❛♥❞ s♦♠❩t❤✐♥q ❩❧s❩ ✐s ♦❢❢❩r❩❞❭ ④ ❛❧✇❛②s
❢❩❩❧ ❧✐③❩ ④ ❤❛✈❩ ❜❩❩♥ q✐✈❩♥ ❛ ❿❩t ❷✉t ♦❢ ➘❛❧❩
↔r❩❩ ❝❛r❞❥
⑥✉t ③❛❧❩ ✐s ✐♥ s❩❛s♦♥❭ ❛♥❞ ✐t ✐s ♣♦s✐t✐✈❩❧②
st✉❢❢❩❞ ❢✉❧❧ ♦❢ ✈✐t❛♠✐♥s ❛♥❞ ♦t❤❩r t❤✐♥qs t❤❛t
❛r❩ q♦♦❞ ❢♦r ②♦✉❥ ⑥❩s✐❞❩s❭ s♦♠❩ ♣❩♦♣❧❩ ❪
❩✈❩♥ s♦♠❩ ♣❩♦♣❧❩ ④ ③♥♦✇❭ ♣r♦❜❛❜❧② ❪ ❛❝t✉①
❛❧❧② ❧✐③❩ ③❛❧❩❥
❾♦ ④ ❞❩❝✐❞❩❞ t♦ ❝♦♦③ ✉♣ ❢♦✉r ❜❛t❝❤❩s ♦❢ ✐t t♦
s❩❩ ✐❢ t❤❩r❩ ✇❩r❩ ✇❛②s ④ ❝♦✉❧❞ ❝♦♠❩ t♦ ❩♥➃♦②
✐t❥
❦♥❞ ❩♥➃♦② ✐t ④ ❞✐❞❥ ④❢ ❛❧❧ ③❛❧❩ t❛st❩❞ ❧✐③❩
t❤✐s❭ ④ ♠✐q❤t ❩✈❩♥ ❜❩❝♦♠❩ ❛ ❢❛♥❥
④ ❜❩q❛♥ ✇✐t❤ ➂❛♥♥❩❧❧✐♥✐ ⑥❩❛♥s ➀✐t❤
➓♦❛st❩❞ ➓❩❞ ➴❩♣♣❩rs ❛♥❞ ➘❛❧❩❭ ❜❩❝❛✉s❩ ③❛❧❩
❛♥❞ ❝❛♥♥❩❧❧✐♥✐ ❜❩❛♥s ✐s tr✉❧② ❛ ✇♦r❧❞①❝❧❛ss
➒❛✈♦r ❝♦♠❜✐♥❛t✐♦♥❥⑤❤❩②❼r❩ t❩rr✐❶❝ t♦q❩t❤❩r
✐♥ s♦✉♣❭ t❤❩②❼r❩ t❩rr✐❶❝ t♦q❩t❤❩r ✐♥ s❛❧❛❞ ❛♥❞❭
✉♥s✉r♣r✐s✐♥q❧②❭ t❤❩② ❛r❩ t❩rr✐❶❝ t♦q❩t❤❩r ✐♥
t❤✐s ❞✐s❤❭ ✇❤✐❝❤ ✐s s♦rt ♦❢ ❧✐③❩ ❛ ✇❛r♠ s❛❧❛❞❥
⑤❤❩ ❞✐s❤ ♣r♦❜❛❜❧② ❤❛❞ ✐ts ❜❩q✐♥♥✐♥qs ✐♥
④t❛❧②❥⑤❤❩ ✐♥qr❩❞✐❩♥ts ❛♥❞ ♣r❩♣❛r❛t✐♦♥ ❛r❩
tr❛❞✐t✐♦♥❛❧❧② ④t❛❧✐❛♥❭ ❢r♦♠ ♦❧✐✈❩ ♦✐❧ ❛♥❞ q❛r❧✐❝
t♦ ✇❤✐t❩ ✇✐♥❩❭ ❝❛♥♥❩❧❧✐♥✐ ❜❩❛♥s ❛♥❞ ➴❛r♠❩①
s❛♥ ❝❤❩❩s❩❥
➓♦❛st❩❞ r❩❞ ♣❩♣♣❩rs ❛r❩ ❛❧s♦ ❝❛❧❧❩❞ ❢♦r❭ ❛♥❞
t❤❩ r❩❝✐♣❩ ❢r♦♠ Ò⑤❤❩ ➂♦♠♣❧❩t❩ ➔❩q❩t❛r✐❛♥
➂♦♦③❜♦♦③Ó s✉qq❩sts t❤❛t ②♦✉ ❜✉② t❤❩♠ ✐♥ ❛
➃❛r❥ ④❼❞ r❩❝♦♠♠❩♥❞ t❤❛t❭ t♦♦❥⑤❤❩ r❩❞ ♣❩♣♣❩rs
❛r❩♥❼t t❤❩ st❛r ♦❢ t❤❩ s❤♦✇↕ t❤❩② ❛r❩ ➃✉st ❛
s✉♣♣♦rt✐♥q ♣❧❛②❩r❥ ➓♦❛st✐♥q t❤❩♠ ②♦✉rs❩❧❢
t❛③❩s t✐♠❩ ❛♥❞ ❩❢❢♦rt❥ ❾❛✈❩ t❤❛t ❢♦r ❛ ❞✐s❤
✃❐❒❒❮❰Ï ÐÑÔ❐ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßÛÞØàáÝÞâãØäåÖæç×
õ óíòï öëéî÷øíñù úéêë íò îïíò øðéòîëó ëùùûêéñî ìíîï üøíòûý úéêë ìíîï ýðù÷øîþ
t❤❛t ✐s ❛❧❧ ❛❜♦✉t r❩❞ ♣❩♣♣❩rs❥
➂❛♥♥❩❧❧✐♥✐ ⑥❩❛♥s ➀✐t❤ ➓♦❛st❩❞ ➓❩❞ ➴❩♣①
♣❩rs ❛♥❞ ➘❛❧❩ ❤❛s t✇♦ ❝♦st❛rs➷ t❤❩ ❜❩❛♥s ❛♥❞
t❤❩ ③❛❧❩❥⑤❤❩②❼r❩ q♦♦❞ t♦q❩t❤❩r ❛♥② t✐♠❩❭ ❛♥❞
t❤✐s t✐♠❩ t❤❩②❼r❩ qr❩❛t❥
➬❩➙t ④ ♠❛❞❩ ❿r❩❩♥ ❾♦✉♣ ❪ ➂❛❧❞♦ ➔❩r❞❩
❪ t❤❛t ❛ ➴♦rt✉q✉❩s❩ ❝♦♦③❜♦♦③ ❝❛❧❧s Òt❤❩
♥❛t✐♦♥❛❧ ❞✐s❤ ♦❢ ➴♦rt✉q❛❧❥Ó ❷♥❩ t❛st❩ ❛♥❞
②♦✉❼❧❧ ③♥♦✇ ✇❤② →t❤♦✉q❤ ✐❢ ②♦✉ ✇❛♥t t♦ ❛rq✉❩
t❤❛t ♣❛st❩✐s ❞❩ ♥❛t❛ ✐s tr✉❧② t❤❩ ♥❛t✐♦♥❛❧ ❞✐s❤
♦❢ ➴♦rt✉q❛❧❭ ④ ✇♦♥❼t ♦❜➃❩❝t➣❥
⑤❤❩ ❜r♦t❤ ✐♥ ❿r❩❩♥ ❾♦✉♣ ✐s ❜❛s✐❝❛❧❧② ❛ ♣♦①
t❛t♦ s♦✉♣❭ r✐❝❤ ✐♥ ♦♥✐♦♥ ❛♥❞ q❛r❧✐❝❭ ❛♥❞ ♣✉r❩❩❞
✉♥t✐❧ ✐t ✐s t❤✐❝③❩♥❩❞❥⑤❤❩ qr❩❩♥ ♣❛rt ❝♦♠❩s
❢r♦♠ ③❛❧❩ →♦r ❝♦❧❧❛r❞ qr❩❩♥s➣ t❤❛t ✐s ❝✉t ✐♥t♦
t❤✐♥ str✐♣s ❛♥❞ ❝♦♦③❩❞ ✐♥ t❤❩ ❜r♦t❤❥
❦ s❧✐❝❩ ♦r t✇♦ ♦r t❤r❩❩ ♦❢ ❝❤♦r✐❺♦ ❛❞❞s ❛
♥✐❝❩ s♣✐❝② ❜✐t❩❭ ❛♥❞ ❛ ❢❩✇ ❞r♦♣s ♦❢ t❤❩ ♦✐❧ t❤❩
❝❤♦r✐❺♦ ✇❛s ❝♦♦③❩❞ ✐♥ ❜r✐♥qs ✐t ❛❧❧ t♦q❩t❤❩r
✐♥t♦ ❛ ❤❩❛rt②❭ ♠❩♠♦r❛❜❧❩ ♠❩❛❧❥
➆➇➇ ➮➜➱➞➌➍➎➏➇ ➐➑