❋ ✁✂❆❨✱ ✄❆☎✆❆ ❨ ✝✝✱ ✶✞✝✾
❚✟✠ ✡☛☞✠✌✍✠✌
When it comes to men and women in politics or any other aspect of life, should
the focus be on equality of outcome or equality of ability to participate?
✛❧✖ ❡✉✙✖✓❧✑✒ ✕❛✖ ✑✎❧✪❧✒❛✜✜✔ ✘✎❛✗✓✙✘ ✓✑
✚✎✑✘✉✏✙ ❛✒ ✙■❛✣❧✒❛✓❧✑✒ ✑✗ ✕✑✣✙✒✰✖
❧✖✖✉✙✖ ❧✒ ✧✣✙✎❧✏❛✒ ✚✑✜❧✓❧✏✖✢ ✩✑✒✖✙❡✉✙✒✓✜✔✤
✥ ✎✙❛✘ ❧✓ ❛✖ ❛ ❡✉✙✖✓❧✑✒ ❛❜✑✉✓ ✕✑✣✙✒ ❧✒
✧✣✙✎❧✏❛✒ ✜❧✗✙✢ ✥ ❛✜✖✑ ✖✙✙ ❧✓ ✎❛❧✖❧✒✪ ❧✖✖✉✙✖
✓✛❛✓ ✕✑✣✙✒ ✛❛✭✙ ✣✑✭✙✘ ❜✙✔✑✒✘ ❧✒ ✣✑✖✓
✕❛✔✖✢ ❲✑✣✙✒ ❛✎✙ ✒❛✓✉✎❛✜✜✔ ✙❡✉❛✜ ✓✑
✣✙✒✢ ✽✑✕✤ ❛✜✜ ✓✛❛✓ ❧✖ ✜✙✗✓ ❧✖ ✗✑✎ ✕✑✣✙✒ ✓✑
✎✙✏✑✪✒❧✫✙ ✓✛❛✓ ✗❛✏✓ ❛✒✘ ✖✙❧✫✙ ✚✑✕✙✎ ❛✒✘
❧✒➫✉✙✒✏✙✢ ✽✑✓ ❜✙✏❛✉✖✙ ✖✑✣✙ ✣✙✒ ✏✛✑✑✖✙
✓✑ ✪❧✭✙ ✉✖ ❛ ✖✑✎✓ ✑✗ ✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ✑✗ ✑✉✓✏✑✣✙ ✑✎
❛❜❧✜❧✓✔ ✓✑ ✚❛✎✓❧✏❧✚❛✓✙✤ ❜✉✓ ❜✙✏❛✉✖✙ ✕✙ ✛❛✭✙
✓✛✙ ❛❜❧✜❧✓✔ ✓✑ ✘❧✎✙✏✓ ✑✉✎ ✜❧✭✙✖ ❛✖ ✕✙ ✗✎✙✙✜✔
✏✛✑✑✖✙✢
❀❧✎✙✏✓❧✒✪ ✑✉✎ ✜❧✭✙✖ ❛✖ ✕✙ ✗✎✙✙✜✔ ✏✛✑✑✖✙
✕❛✖✤ ❛✒✘ ❧✖✤ ✒✑✓ ✙❛✖✔✢ ✥✓ ✎✙❡✉❧✎✙✖ ✑✉✎
✎❧✪✛✓✖ ❜✙ ✎✙✏✑✪✒❧✫✙✘ ❧✒ ✓✛✙ ✜❛✕✤ ❛✒✘ ✓✛❛✓
✙❛✏✛ ✑✗ ✉✖ ✙✣✚✑✕✙✎ ✑✉✎✖✙✜✭✙✖ ✓✛✎✑✉✪✛
✏✑✉✎❛✪✙ ❛✒✘ ✚✙✎✖❧✖✓✙✒✏✙✢
❁✑✖✓ ✑✗ ✑✉✎ ✎❧✪✛✓✖ ❛✎✙ ✒✑✕ ✎✙✏✑✪✲
✒❧✫✙✘ ❜✔ ✓✛✙ ✜❛✕✢ ✯✑✎ ✙■❛✣✚✜✙✤ ✓✛✙
❤✦✓✛ ✧✣✙✒✘✣✙✒✓ ✓✑ ✓✛✙ ★✒❧✓✙✘ ✳✓❛✓✙✖
✩✑✒✖✓❧✓✉✓❧✑✒✤ ✎❛✓❧②✙✘ ❧✒ ❤➭✹➭✤ ✪✎❛✒✓✙✘
✏❧✓❧✫✙✒✖✛❧✚ ✓✑ ❛✜✜ ✚✙✎✖✑✒✖ ❜✑✎✒ ✑✎
✒❛✓✉✎❛✜❧✫✙✘ ❧✒ ✓✛✙ ★✒❧✓✙✘ ✳✓❛✓✙✖✤ ❛✒✘
✪✉❛✎❛✒✓✙✙✘ ❛✜✜ ✑✗ ✓✛✑✖✙ ✏❧✓❧✫✙✒✖ ➇✙❡✉❛✜
✚✎✑✓✙✏✓❧✑✒ ✑✗ ✓✛✙ ✜❛✕✖✢✇
✬✛✙ ❢❡✉❛✜ P✎✑✓✙✏✓❧✑✒ ✩✜❛✉✖✙ ✛❛✖
❜✙✙✒ ✓✛✙ ❜❛✖❧✖ ✗✑✎ ✣✉✏✛ ✑✗ ✓✛✙ ✳✉✚✎✙✣✙
✩✑✉✎✓ ✜❧✓❧✪❛✓❧✑✒ ❛✒✘ ✛❛✖ ✙✒✘✙✘ ✕❧✓✛ ❛✒
✙■✚❛✒✘✙✘ ✎✙✏✑✪✒❧✓❧✑✒ ✑✗ ✕✑✣✙✒✰✖ ✙❡✉❛✜✲
❧✓✔ ✓✑ ✣✙✒✢
✯✙✘✙✎❛✜ ✖✓❛✓✉✓✙✖ ✚✎✑✛❧❜❧✓ ✙✣✚✜✑✔✣✙✒✓
✘❧✖✏✎❧✣❧✒❛✓❧✑✒ ❜❛✖✙✘ ✑✒ ✖✙■✤ ❛✒✘ ✓✛✙✔
✚✎✑✛❧❜❧✓ ✖✙■✲❜❛✖✙✘ ✕❛✪✙ ✘❧✖✏✎❧✣❧✒❛✓❧✑✒
✗✑✎ ❜✑✓✛ ✣✙✒ ❛✒✘ ✕✑✣✙✒ ✕✛✑ ✚✙✎✗✑✎✣
✖✉❜✖✓❛✒✓❧❛✜✜✔ ✙❡✉❛✜ ✕✑✎✮ ❧✒ ✓✛✙ ✖❛✣✙
✙✖✓❛❜✜❧✖✛✣✙✒✓✢
✬✛✙✎✙ ❛✎✙ ✣✑✒✙✓❛✎✔ ✘❛✣❛✪✙✖ ❛✭❛❧✜✲
❛❜✜✙ ❧✒ ✏❛✖✙✖ ✑✗ ❧✒✓✙✒✓❧✑✒❛✜ ✙✣✚✜✑✔✣✙✒✓
✘❧✖✏✎❧✣❧✒❛✓❧✑✒✢ ❁✑✎✙ ✕✑✎✮ ❧✖ ✒✙✙✘✙✘
✓✑ ✏✜✑✖✙ ✓✛✙ ✕❛✪✙✲✪❛✚ ❜✙✓✕✙✙✒ ✕✑✣✙✒
❛✒✘ ✣✙✒✤ ✚✎✑❜❛❜✜✔ ✓✛✎✑✉✪✛ ✙✣✚✑✕✲
✙✎✙✘ ✕✑✣✙✒ ✘✙✣❛✒✘❧✒✪ ✙❡✉❛✜ ✚❛✔ ❛✒✘
✓✛✎✑✉✪✛ ✜❧✓❧✪❛✓❧✑✒ ❛✒✘ ✓✛✙ ✏✑✜✜✙✏✓❧✑✒ ✑✗
✣✑✒✙✓❛✎✔ ✘❛✣❛✪✙✖✢
✻✙✚✎✑✘✉✏✓❧✭✙ ✎❧✪✛✓✖ ❛✎✙ ❛✜✖✑ ✎✙✏✑✪✲
✒❧✫✙✘ ❜✔ ✏✉✎✎✙✒✓ ✜❛✕✢ ✬✛✙✔ ❛✜✜✑✕ ✉✖ ✓✑
✣❛✮✙ ✏✑✒✖✏❧✑✉✖ ✘✙✏❧✖❧✑✒✖ ❛❜✑✉✓ ❧✗ ❛✒✘
✕✛✙✒ ✓✑ ✛❛✭✙ ✏✛❧✜✘✎✙✒✤ ✕✛❧✏✛ ❧✖ ✚✎✑❜✲
❛❜✜✔ ✓✛✙ ✖❧✒✪✜✙✲✣✑✖✓ ❧✒➫✉✙✒✓❧❛✜ ✘✙✏❧✖❧✑✒
✙❛✏✛ ✑✗ ✉✖ ✣❛✮✙✖ ❧✒ ✘❧✎✙✏✓❧✒✪ ✑✉✎ ✜❧✭✙✖✢
✬✛✙ ✎❧✪✛✓ ✗✑✎ ✕✑✣✙✒ ✓✑ ✭✑✓✙ ❧✒
✧✣✙✎❧✏❛ ❛✜✜✑✕✖ ✉✖ ✓✑ ✚❛✎✓❧✏❧✚❛✓✙ ❧✒
✚✑✜❧✓❧✏✖✤ ❛✒✘ ✓✛✉✖ ❧✒ ✑✉✎ ✪✑✭✙✎✒✣✙✒✓✢
ÕÖ×Ø ÙØÚÛØÕ
➬➮➱✃➮ ❐✃➬➮❒❮
Ð❰✃Ü❰ÏÔÔ➱ÝÏÔÞßÏà✃❐❰Ó❒Ô
✬✛✙ ✎❧✪✛✓ ✓✑ ✭✑✓✙ ✗✑✎ ✕✑✣✙✒ ✕❛✖ ❜✑✎✒
❛✖ ✚❛✎✓ ✑✗ ✓✛✙ ✙❛✎✜✔ ②✪✛✓ ✗✑✎ ✙❡✉❛✜
✎❧✪✛✓✖ ❛✒✘ ✓✛✙ ❧✘✙❛ ✓✛❛✓ ✕✑✣✙✒ ❛✎✙ ✒✑✓
❧✒✗✙✎❧✑✎ ✓✑ ✣✙✒✢ ✬✛❛✓ ②✪✛✓ ✏✑✒✓❧✒✉✙✖
❛✖ ✕✙ ✖✙✙ ✣✑✎✙ ❛✒✘ ✣✑✎✙ ✕✑✣✙✒ ✣✑✭✙
❧✒✓✑ ✚✑✜❧✓❧✏✖✤ ✕✛✙✎✙ ✣❛✒✔ ✚✙✑✚✜✙ ✑✗ ❜✑✓✛
✖✙■✙✖ ✖✓❧✜✜ ✖✙✙✣ ✖✉✎✚✎❧✖✙✘ ✓✑ ✖✙✙ ✓✛✙✣
✕❧✒✢ ✥ ✓✛✑✉✪✛✓ ❧✓ ✕❛✖ ✑✭✙✎✘✉✙✢
★✒✗✑✎✓✉✒❛✓✙✜✔✤ ✓✛✙ ✑✚✚✑✎✓✉✒❧✓✔ ✓✑
✗✎✙✙✜✔ ✏✛✑✑✖✙ ✛✑✕ ✓✑ ✘❧✎✙✏✓ ✑✉✎ ✜❧✭✙✖
❧✖ ✒✑✓ ✙❡✉❛✜ ❛✣✑✒✪ ✕✑✣✙✒✢ ❲✙ ✘✑ ✒✑✓
❜✙✪❧✒ ✜❧✗✙ ✑✒ ❛✒ ✙❡✉❛✜ ✚✜❛✔❧✒✪ ②✙✜✘✢
✯✑✎ ✙■❛✣✚✜✙✤ ✖✑✣✙ ✕✑✣✙✒ ❛✎✙ ❜✑✎✒
❧✒✓✑ ✚✑✭✙✎✓✔✤ ✖✑✣✙ ❛✎✙ ❜✑✎✒ ✓✑ ❛✘✘❧✏✓✙✘
✚❛✎✙✒✓✖ ✑✎ ✕❧✓✛ ✚✛✔✖❧✏❛✜ ✘❧✖❛❜❧✜❧✓❧✙✖✤
❛✒✘ ✑✓✛✙✎✖ ✣❛✔ ❜✙ ❧✒✘✑✏✓✎❧✒❛✓✙✘ ❧✒✓✑
✎✙✜❧✪❧✑✒✖ ✓✛❛✓ ✘✙✣✙❛✒ ✕✑✣✙✒✢ ✼✑✕✙✭✙✎✤
✖✉✏✛ ❧✖✖✉✙✖ ✏❛✒ ❜✙ ✑✭✙✎✏✑✣✙ ✓✑ ✜❧✭✙ ✎❧✏✛
✜❧✭✙✖ ✕✛❧✜✙ ✜❧✭❧✒✪ ❧✒ ✑✎ ✕❧✓✛ ✓✛✙ ✖❧✓✉❛✲
✓❧✑✒✤ ✑✎ ❜✔ ✏✛❛✒✪❧✒✪ ❧✓✢
✯✑✎ ✣✑✖✓ ✕✑✣✙✒✤ ✓✛✙ ②✎✖✓ ✖✓✙✚ ✓✑
✗✎✙✙✜✔ ✏✛✑✑✖❧✒✪ ✛✑✕ ✓✑ ✘❧✎✙✏✓ ✓✛✙❧✎
✜❧✭✙✖ ❧✒✭✑✜✭✙✖ ✪✙✓✓❧✒✪ ❛ ✖✏✛✑✑✜ ✙✘✉✏❛✲
✓❧✑✒ ✓✛✎✑✉✪✛ ✏✑✉✎❛✪✙ ❛✒✘ ✚✙✎✖❧✖✓✙✒✏✙✢
✧✣✙✎❧✏❛✰✖ ✖✔✖✓✙✣ ❧✖ ➫❛✕✙✘ ❛✒✘ ✒✙✙✘✖
❧✣✚✎✑✭✙✣✙✒✓✤ ❜✉✓ ✖✓❧✜✜✤ ❛✜✣✑✖✓ ❛✜✜ ✏✛❧✜✲
✘✎✙✒ ✛❛✭✙ ✓✛✙ ✑✚✚✑✎✓✉✒❧✓✔ ✗✑✎ ❤➯ ✔✙❛✎✖
✑✗ ✙✘✉✏❛✓❧✑✒✢ ✯✑✎ ✓✛✑✖✙ ✪❧✎✜✖ ✕✛✑ ✘✑ ✒✑✓
✪✎❛✘✉❛✓✙ ✗✎✑✣ ✛❧✪✛ ✖✏✛✑✑✜✤ ✓✛✙✔ ✣✉✖✓
✙✣✚✑✕✙✎ ✓✛✙✣✖✙✜✭✙✖ ❧✒ ✖✑✣✙ ✑✓✛✙✎
✕❛✔✤ ❛✒✘ ✓✛✙✒ ✘❧✎✙✏✓ ✓✛✙❧✎ ✜❧✭✙✖ ❛✖ ✓✛✙✔
✏✛✑✑✖✙✢
✻✉✓✛ ➲❛✘✙✎ ➳❧✒✖❜✉✎✪ ✛❛✖ ❜✙✙✒ ✓❛✜✮✙✘
❛❜✑✉✓ ✎✙✏✙✒✓✜✔✢ ✳✛✙ ✜✙✘ ✖✑✣✙ ✑✗ ✓✛✙
★✒❧✓✙✘ ✳✓❛✓✙✖ ✳✉✚✎✙✣✙ ✩✑✉✎✓ ✜❧✓❧✪❛✓❧✑✒
✓✛❛✓ ✎✙✏✑✪✒❧✫✙✘ ✓✛✙ ✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ✑✗ ✕✑✣✙✒✢
✧✒✘ ✓✑✘❛✔ ✖✛✙ ❧✖ ❛ ❂✉✖✓❧✏✙ ✑✗ ✓✛❛✓ ✩✑✉✎✓✢
✯✑✎ ✣✙ ❛✒✘ ✣❛✒✔ ✑✓✛✙✎✖✤ ✖✛✙ ❧✖ ❛
✎✑✏✮ ✖✓❛✎ ✑✗ ✕✑✣✙✒✰✖ ✎❧✪✛✓✖ ❛✒✘ ✙❡✉❛✜✲
❧✓✔✢ ✳✛✙ ✛❛✖ ❡✉✑✓✙✘ ✗✎✑✣ ✓✛✙ ✗✑✜✜✑✕❧✒✪
✕✑✎✘✖ ✑✗ ✳❛✎❛✛ ➳✎❧✣✮➵ ♦❤➸✸➯✲❤➭➸✺✤
✚❧✑✒✙✙✎ ❧✒ ✓✛✙ ❛✒✓❧✖✜❛✭✙✎✔ ❛✒✘ ✕✑✣✲
✙✒✰✖ ✎❧✪✛✓✖ ✣✑✭✙✣✙✒✓✖ ❧✒ ✓✛✙ ★✒❧✓✙✘
✳✓❛✓✙✖✴✤ ❛✒✘ ❧✓ ✖✉✣✣❛✎❧✫✙✖ ✣✔ ✭❧✙✕
✑✗ ✓✛❧✖ ➺✒ ✓✛✙ ✯✙✒✏✙ ✬✑✚❧✏✿ ➇➲✉✓ ✥ ❛✖✮
✒✑ ✗❛✭✑✎✖ ✗✑✎ ✣✔ ✖✙■✢ ✥ ✖✉✎✎✙✒✘✙✎ ✒✑✓
✑✉✎ ✏✜❛❧✣ ✓✑ ✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔✢ ✧✜✜ ✥ ❛✖✮ ✑✗ ✑✉✎
❜✎✙✓✛✎✙✒ ❧✖✤ ✓✛❛✓ ✓✛✙✔ ✕❧✜✜ ✓❛✮✙ ✓✛✙❧✎
✗✙✙✓ ✗✎✑✣ ✑✗✗ ✑✉✎ ✒✙✏✮✖✤ ❛✒✘ ✚✙✎✣❧✓ ✉✖
✓✑ ✖✓❛✒✘ ✉✚✎❧✪✛✓✢✇
✉✎ ✏✑✉✒✓✎✔ ✕❛✖ ✗✑✉✒✘✙✘ ✉✚✑✒ ✓✛✙
❜✑✜✘ ✘✙✏✜❛✎❛✓❧✑✒ ✕✙ ❛✎✙ ❛✜✜ ✏✎✙❛✓✙✘
✙❡✉❛✜✢ ✥✒ ✑✉✎ ✣✑✎✙ ✎✙✏✙✒✓ ✛❧✖✓✑✎✔✤ ✓✛❧✖
✚✎✑✚✑✖❧✓❧✑✒ ✕❛✖ ✙✓✏✛✙✘ ❧✒✓✑ ✓✛✙ ❤✦✓✛
✧✣✙✒✘✣✙✒✓ ✓✑ ✓✛✙ ★✢✳✢ ✩✑✒✖✓❧✓✉✓❧✑✒✤
✕✛❧✏✛ ✪✉❛✎❛✒✓✙✙✖ ➇✙❡✉❛✜ ✚✎✑✓✙✏✓❧✑✒ ✑✗ ✓✛✙
✜❛✕✖✇ ✓✑ ❛✜✜ ✑✗ ✑✉✎ ✏❧✓❧✫✙✒✖✢
✬✛❧✖ ✛❧✪✛ ❛✒✘ ✙✖✖✙✒✓❧❛✜ ❧✘✙❛✜ ❧✖ ✭❧✓❛✜
✓✑ ✓✛✙ ✗✉✒✏✓❧✑✒❧✒✪ ✑✗ ✑✉✎ ✗✎✙✙ ✖✑✏❧✙✓✔
✑✒ ✙✭✙✎✔ ✜✙✭✙✜✢ ❲✛✙✒ ✕✙ ✖✚✙❛✮ ✑✗ ✜✙✪❛✜
✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔✤ ❧✓ ❜✑❧✜✖ ✘✑✕✒ ✓✑ ✏❧✓❧✫✙✒✖ ❜✙❧✒✪
✪❧✭✙✒ ❛ ➇✜✙✭✙✜ ✚✜❛✔❧✒✪ ②✙✜✘✢✇ ✬✛✙ ✚✎✑❜✲
✜✙✣✖ ❛✎❧✖✙ ✕✛✙✒ ✖✙✪✣✙✒✓✖ ✑✗ ✖✑✏❧✙✓✔
✘✙✣❛✒✘ ✓✛❛✓ ✪✑✭✙✎✒✣✙✒✓ ✖✑✣✙✛✑✕
✚✎✑✣❧✖✙✖✤ ✑✎ ✙✭✙✒ ✣❛✒❧✚✉✜❛✓✙✖✤ ✑✉✓✲
✏✑✣✙✖ ✎❛✓✛✙✎ ✓✛❛✒ ✑✚✚✑✎✓✉✒❧✓❧✙✖✢
✯✑✎ ✚✉✎✚✑✖✙✖ ✑✗ ✓✛❧✖ ❛✎✓❧✏✜✙✤ ✜✙✓✰✖ ✗✑✏✉✖
✑✒ ✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ❜✙✓✕✙✙✒ ✣✙✒ ❛✒✘ ✕✑✣✙✒✢
✥✓ ❧✖ ❛■❧✑✣❛✓❧✏ ✓✛❛✓ ✑✒✙ ✏❛✒✒✑✓ ✖❛✔ ✓✛✙✔
✕❛✒✓ ✣✙✒ ❛✒✘ ✕✑✣✙✒ ✓✑ ❜✙ ✓✎✙❛✓✙✘
✙❡✉❛✜✜✔✤ ✔✙✓ ❛✓ ✓✛✙ ✖❛✣✙ ✓❧✣✙ ✘✙✣❛✒✘
✑✒✙ ✑✗ ✓✛✙ ✓✕✑ ❜✙ ✓✎✙❛✓✙✘ ✕❧✓✛ ✖✑✣✙
❛✘✭❛✒✓❛✪✙ ✓✛❛✓ ✕✑✉✜✘ ❜✙ ✘✙✒❧✙✘ ✓✑ ✓✛✙
✑✓✛✙✎ ♦✙❧✓✛✙✎ ✕❛✔✴✢ ✬✛✙ ✜❛✓✓✙✎ ❛✎✪✉✣✙✒✓
❧✖ ❧✒✛✙✎✙✒✓✜✔ ✉✒✙❡✉❛✜ ❛✒✘ ✘❧✖✏✎❧✣❧✒❛✲
✓✑✎✔✢ ✧✖ ❛ ✕✑✣❛✒✤ ✥ ✙■✚✙✏✓ ✓✑ ❜✙ ❛✜✜✑✕✙✘
✓✛✙ ✖❛✣✙ ✑✚✚✑✎✓✉✒❧✓❧✙✖ ✓✛❛✓ ❛✎✙ ❛✗✗✑✎✘✲
✙✘ ✓✑ ❛✒✔ ✚✙✎✖✑✒✤ ✎✙✪❛✎✘✜✙✖✖ ✑✗ ✕✛✙✓✛✙✎
✓✛✙✔✤ ✑✎ ✥✤ ❛✣ ✣❛✜✙ ✑✎ ✗✙✣❛✜✙✵ ❛✒✔✓✛❧✒✪
✘❧✗✗✙✎✙✒✓ ❧✖ ✒✑✓ ✑✒✜✔ ✏✑✒✓✎❛✎✔ ✓✑ ✓✛✙ ✭✙✎✔
✏✑✒✏✙✚✓ ✑✗ ✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔✤ ❜✉✓ ❧✖ ❛✜✖✑ ✑✗✗✙✒✖❧✭✙
❛✒✘ ✚✎✙✷✉✘❧✏❧❛✜✢
❲✛❧✜✙ ✛❧✖✓✑✎✔ ✏✜✙❛✎✜✔ ❜✙❛✎✖ ✑✉✓ ✚✎✙✭❧✲
✑✉✖ ✕❧✘✙✖✚✎✙❛✘ ✘❧✖✏✎❧✣❧✒❛✓❧✑✒ ❛✪❛❧✒✖✓
✕✑✣✙✒✤ ✓✛✑✖✙ ✕✎✑✒✪✖ ✕✙✎✙ ✎❧✪✛✓✙✘
✗✎✑✣ ❛ ✜✙✪❛✜ ✖✓❛✒✘✚✑❧✒✓ ✕❧✓✛ ✓✛✙ ❢❡✉❛✜
P❛✔ ✧✏✓ ✑✗ ❤✸✹✺ ❛✒✘ ✓✛✙ ✩❧✭❧✜ ✻❧✪✛✓✖
✧✏✓ ✑✗ ❤✸✹✦✢ ✧ ✖✑✏❧✙✓✔ ✏❛✒ ✒✙✭✙✎ ✗✉✜✜✔
✙✎❛✘❧✏❛✓✙ ❜❧❛✖ ❧✒ ❛✒ ❧✒✘❧✭❧✘✉❛✜✰✖ ✛✙❛✎✓
❛✒✘ ✣❧✒✘✤ ❜✉✓ ❧✒✖✓❧✓✉✓❧✑✒❛✜ ❛✒✘ ✗✑✎✣❛✜
❛✏✓✖ ✑✗ ✘❧✖✏✎❧✣❧✒❛✓❧✑✒ ✛❛✭✙ ✜✑✒✪ ❜✙✙✒
✑✉✓✜❛✕✙✘ ❧✒ ✓✛❧✖ ✏✑✉✒✓✎✔✤ ❛✒✘ ✏✙✎✓❛❧✒✜✔
✚✎✙✏✙✘❧✒✪ ✣✔ ✜❧✗✙✓❧✣✙✢
▲✙✓ ✣✙ ✖✛❛✎✙ ✣✔ ✙■✚✙✎❧✙✒✏✙✢ ✥ ❛✣
❛ ✗✙✣❛✜✙ ❜✑✎✒ ❛✗✓✙✎ ✓✛✙ ✚❛✖✖❛✪✙ ✑✗ ✓✛✙
❛✗✑✎✙✣✙✒✓❧✑✒✙✘ ❛✒✓❧✲✘❧✖✏✎❧✣❧✒❛✓❧✑✒
✜❛✕✖✢ ✼❛✭❧✒✪ ❜✙✙✒ ❜✑✎✒ ❧✒✓✑ ✚✑✭✙✎✓✔✤ ✥
✜❛✏✮✙✘ ❛✘✭❛✒✓❛✪✙✖ ✑✓✛✙✎ ✛❛✘✤ ❜✉✓ ✥ ✏✑✒✲
✖❧✖✓✙✒✓✜✔ ✙■✚✙✎❧✙✒✏✙✘ ✓✛❛✓ ✣✔ ✏✛✑❧✏✙✖✤
✘✎❧✭✙ ❛✒✘ ✚✙✎✖✙✭✙✎❛✒✏✙ ✏✑✉✜✘ ✣✑✎✙ ✓✛❛✒
✏✑✣✚✙✒✖❛✓✙ ✗✑✎ ✕✛❛✓ ✘❧✘ ✒✑✓ ✏✑✣✙ ❜✔
✘✙✗❛✉✜✓✢ ✥ ✕❛✖ ❛✜✜✑✕✙✘ ✓✛✙ ✖❛✣✙ ✑✚✚✑✎✓✉✲
✒❧✓❧✙✖ ❛✖ ❛ ✗✙✣❛✜✙ ✓✛❛✓ ✣✔ ✣❛✜✙ ✏✑✒✓✙✣✲
✚✑✎❛✎❧✙✖ ✕✙✎✙ ❛✜✜✑✕✙✘✤ ❛✒✘ ✥ ✏❛✚❧✓❛✜❧✫✙✘
✑✒ ✓✛✑✖✙ ✓✑ ❛✏✏✑✣✚✜❧✖✛ ✙✭✙✎✔ ✘✎✙❛✣ ❛✒✘
SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION
Phone:
⑦⑧⑨⑩❶❷❸⑩❸⑨❷⑨
NEWSSTAND PRICE: $1.50
Subscription rates per month:
①❬ ❇❈♣♣❯❍♣❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴q③④❴r④
①❬ ❪❈❯❳⑤ ❈❳❳ ❄▼❙❍♣ ⑥❴♥❴ ❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴❴ q③r
An independent newspaper founded in 1896
➟➠➡➢➡ ➤➥➥➦➤➧➨➩
➂❙❍ ➃t❊❍♣●❍♣ ♣❍❊❍♣●❍❊ ▼❙❍ ♣❯❱❙▼ ▼❄ ❈❫→❅❊▼ ❊❅t❊❇♣❯❏▼❯❄❉
♣❈▼❍❊ t❬ ❱❯●❯❉❱ ❏♣❍❏❈❯❫ ❈❉❫ ❪❈❯❳ ❊❅t❊❇♣❯t❍♣❊ ◆④ ❫❈❬❊
❉❄▼❯❇❍❴ ➣❍♣❯❄❫❯❇❈❳❊ ❏❄❊▼❈❱❍ ❏❈❯❫ ❈▼ ➀❈ ➁♣❈❉❫❍⑤ ➃♣❍❱❄❉
❻❽❹r④❴ ➣❅t❳❯❊❙❍❫ ↔❄❉❫❈❬❊⑤ ↕❍❫❉❍❊❫❈❬❊ ❈❉❫ ❿♣❯❫❈❬❊
➙❍➛❇❍❏▼ ➜❍❇❴ ❺r➝ t❬ ↕❍❊▼❍♣❉ ❵❄❪❪❅❉❯❇❈▼❯❄❉❊ ➞❉❇❴⑤
③❖④❼ ❿❯❘▼❙ ♥▼❴⑤ ➀❈ ➁♣❈❉❫❍⑤ ➃➄ ❻❽❹r④ ➙⑥♥➣♥ ❺❻❻❩❺❼④➝
COPYRIGHT © 2019
A division of
➅➆➈➉➆➊➋ ➌➍➎➎➏➋➐➑➒➉➐➍➋➈ ➓➋➑➔
✪✑❛✜ ✥ ✖✙✓ ✗✑✎ ✣✔✖✙✜✗✤ ❧✒✏✜✉✘❧✒✪ ❛✓✓✙✒✘❧✒✪
✜❛✕ ✖✏✛✑✑✜✢ ♦✽✑✓✙ ✓✛❛✓ ✣✑✎✙ ✓✛❛✒ ✛❛✜✗ ✑✗
❧✒✏✑✣❧✒✪ ✜❛✕ ✖✓✉✘✙✒✓✖ ❛✎✙ ✒✑✕ ✗✙✣❛✜✙✢✴
✧✖ ❛ ✕✙✜✜✲✙✘✉✏❛✓✙✘✤ ❜✉✖❧✒✙✖✖✲✑✕✒❧✒✪
✕✑✣❛✒✤ ✥ ❛✣ ✓✛✙ ✜❧✭❧✒✪ ✑✉✓✏✑✣✙ ✑✗ ✓✛✙
✜✙✪❛✜ ✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ✓✛❛✓ ✛❛✖ ✜✑✒✪ ❜✙✙✒ ✙✖✓❛❜✲
✜❧✖✛✙✘ ❧✒ ✓✛❧✖ ✏✑✉✒✓✎✔✢
✧ ❡✉❧✏✮ ✒✑✓✙ ❛❜✑✉✓ ❧✒❛✘✭✙✎✓✙✒✓ ✖✙■✲
❧✖✣✢ ❢✭✙✒ ✪✎❛✒✓❧✒✪ ✓✛❛✓ ✪✑✑✘ ❧✒✓✙✒✓❧✑✒✖
✣❛✔ ✉✒✘✙✎✜❧✙ ✙✗✗✑✎✓✖ ✓✑ ✣❛✒❧✚✉✜❛✓✙
✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ✑✗ ✑✉✓✏✑✣✙✤ ❧✒✛✙✎✙✒✓ ❧✒ ✓✛❧✖
❛✎✪✉✣✙✒✓ ❧✖ ❛✒ ❧✣✚✜❧✙✘ ✖✓❛✓✙✣✙✒✓ ✓✛❛✓
✥✤ ❛✖ ❛ ✕✑✣❛✒✤ ✒✙✙✘ ✖✑✣✙ ✙■✓✎❛ ✛✙✜✚ ✑✎
❛✘✭❛✒✓❛✪✙ ✓✑ ✣❛✒❛✪✙ ✓✛✙ ✖❛✣✙ ✑✉✓✏✑✣✙
❛ ✣❛✒ ✣❛✔ ✛❛✭✙ ✈ ✥ ✗✉✒✘❛✣✙✒✓❛✜✜✔
❛✒✘ ✭✙✛✙✣✙✒✓✜✔ ✎✙✷✙✏✓ ✓✛❧✖ ✘❛✒✪✙✎✲
✑✉✖ ✏✑✒✏✙✚✓ ❛✒✘ ❜✙✜❧✙✭✙ ❧✓ ✓✑ ❜✙ ✑✭✙✎✓✜✔
✖✙■❧✖✓✢ ✥ ✘✑ ✒✑✓ ✕❛✒✓ ❛✒ ❛✖✓✙✎❧✖✮ ✒✙■✓ ✓✑
❛✒✔ ❛✏✏✑✣✚✜❧✖✛✣✙✒✓ ✓✛❛✓ ✥ ✑❜✓❛❧✒ ❜✔ ✣✔
✑✕✒ ✛❛✎✘ ✕✑✎✮✢ ✧✒✘ ✥ ❜✙✜❧✙✭✙ ✥ ✖✚✙❛✮
✗✑✎ ✣✑✖✓ ✕✛✙✒ ✥ ✖❛✔ ✓✛❛✓ ✥ ✕❛✒✓ ✓✑ ❜✙
❛✏✮✒✑✕✜✙✘✪✙✘ ✗✑✎ ✣✔ ❛✏✏✑✣✚✜❧✖✛✣✙✒✓✖
❛✖ ❛ ♦②✜✜ ❧✒ ✓✛✙ ❜✜❛✒✮✿ ✜❛✕✔✙✎✤ ❛✓✛✜✙✓✙✤
✣❛✎✮✖✣❛✒✤ ❜✉✖❧✒✙✖✖ ✚✙✎✖✑✒✤ ✙✓✏✢✴✤ ✒✑✓
❜✙✏❛✉✖✙ ✥ ❛✣ ❛ ✗✙✣❛✜✙ ✭✙✎✖❧✑✒ ✑✗ ❛✒✔
✑✗ ✓✛✑✖✙ ✓❧✓✜✙✖✢ ✥ ✔✙❛✎✒ ✗✑✎ ❛ ✖✑✏❧✙✓✔ ✓✛❛✓
❛✏✮✒✑✕✜✙✘✪✙✖ ✣✙✎❧✓ ✑✭✙✎ ❧✘✙✒✓❧✓✔✢
✬✛✙ ✜❛✓✙ ❀❧✏✮ ✯❛✙✪✜✙✎ ✖✉✣✣✙✘ ❧✓ ✉✚
❜✙✖✓ ✕✛✙✒ ✛✙ ✖❛❧✘ ➇✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ✑✗ ✑✚✚✑✎✓✉✲
✒❧✓✔ ❧✖ ✗✎✙✙✘✑✣✤ ❜✉✓ ✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ✑✗ ✑✉✓✏✑✣✙
❧✖ ✎✙✚✎✙✖✖❧✑✒✢✇ ✬✛❧✖ ❧✘✙❛✜ ❧✖ ✒✑✓ ✎✙✜✙✪❛✓✲
✙✘ ✓✑ ✏✑✒✖✙✎✭❛✓❧✭✙ ✏❧✎✏✜✙✖✵ ❧✒✘✙✙✘✤ ✣❛✒✔
✑✗ ✑✉✎ ✣✑✖✓ ✎✙✖✚✙✏✓✙✘ ✧✣✙✎❧✏❛✒ ✜✙❛✘✙✎✖
✑✗ ✏✛❛✒✪✙ ✛❛✭✙ ✓✎✉✣✚✙✓✙✘ ✓✛✙ ✖❛✣✙
✖✙✒✓❧✣✙✒✓✢ ✯✑✎ ✙■❛✣✚✜✙✤ ❁❛✎✓❧✒ ▲✉✓✛✙✎
❑❧✒✪ ❂✎✢ ✖✚✑✮✙ ✑✗ ❛ ➇✘✎✙❛✣ ✑✗ ✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ✑✗
✑✚✚✑✎✓✉✒❧✓✔✤✇ ❛✒✘ ✯✎❛✒✮✜❧✒ ❀✢ ✻✑✑✖✙✭✙✜✓
✖❛❧✘ ✓✛❛✓ ➇✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ✑✗ ❧✒✘❧✭❧✘✉❛✜ ❛❜❧✜❧✓✔
✛❛✖ ✒✙✭✙✎ ✙■❧✖✓✙✘ ❛✒✘ ✒✙✭✙✎ ✕❧✜✜✤ ❜✉✓
✕✙ ✘✑ ❧✒✖❧✖✓ ✓✛❛✓ ✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ✑✗ ✑✚✚✑✎✓✉✲
✒❧✓✔ ✖✓❧✜✜ ✣✉✖✓ ❜✙ ✖✑✉✪✛✓✢✇ ✼✑✕✙✭✙✎✤
✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ❧✖ ✓✕❧✖✓✙✘ ❜✔ ✖✑✣✙ ❧✒✓✑ ❛✒ ❧✜✜✲
✏✑✒✏✙❧✭✙✘ ♦❧✗ ✒✑✓ ✘❛✒✪✙✎✑✉✖✴ ❜✙✜❧✙✗ ✓✛❛✓
✪✑✭✙✎✒✣✙✒✓ ✑✎ ✖✑✏❧✙✓✔ ✖✛✑✉✜✘ ❛✓✓✙✣✚✓
✓✑ ✗✑✎✏✙ ✙❡✉❛✜❧✓✔ ✑✗ ✑✉✓✏✑✣✙✢
▲✙✓ ✉✖ ✛✑✜✘ ✗❛✖✓ ✓✑ ✓✛✙ ✏✑✣✣❧✓✣✙✒✓
✓✛❛✓ ✑✉✎ ✏❧✓❧✫✙✒✖ ❛✎✙ ✙❡✉❛✜ ✉✒✘✙✎ ✓✛✙
✜❛✕✤ ❛✒✘ ✙✒✏✑✉✎❛✪✙ ✚✙✎✖✑✒❛✜ ✙✗✗✑✎✓✖ ✓✑
✑❜✓❛❧✒ ✑✉✎ ❧✒✘❧✭❧✘✉❛✜ ❜✙✖✓✤ ✎✙✪❛✎✘✜✙✖✖ ✑✗
✑✉✎ ✪✎✑✉✚ ❧✘✙✒✓❧✓✔✢
STAFF
SUBSCRIBE AND SAVE
❃❄❅ ❇❈❉ ❊❈●❍ ❅❏ ▼❄ ◆❖◗ ❄❘❘ ▼❙❍ ❊❯❉❱❳❍❩❇❄❏❬
❏♣❯❇❍ ❭❯▼❙ ❙❄❪❍ ❫❍❳❯●❍♣❬❴
❵❈❳❳ ❝❞❣✐❥❦♠✐♠❣❦❣ ▼❄ ❊❅t❊❇♣❯t❍❴
♥▼❄❏❏❍❫ ❈❇❇❄❅❉▼ t❈❳❈❉❇❍❊ ❳❍❊❊ ▼❙❈❉ qr ❭❯❳❳
t❍ ♣❍❘❅❉❫❍❫ ❅❏❄❉ ♣❍s❅❍❊▼❴
➻➼➽➾➼ ➚➪➶➹➘➚➴➷
➬➮➱✃➮ ❐✃➬➮❒❮ ❰ÏÐ➬ÑÒ➱❐Ó➮Ô
THE OBSERVER
➂❙❍ ➃t❊❍♣●❍♣ ♣❍▼❈❯❉❊ ❄❭❉❍♣❊❙❯❏ ❈❉❫ ❇❄❏❬♣❯❱❙▼
❏♣❄▼❍❇▼❯❄❉ ❄❘ ❈❳❳ ❊▼❈❘❘❩❏♣❍❏❈♣❍❫ ❉❍❭❊ ❇❄❏❬⑤ ❈❫●❍♣▼❯❊❯❉❱
❇❄❏❬⑤ ❏❙❄▼❄❊ ❈❉❫ ❉❍❭❊ ❄♣ ❈❫ ❯❳❳❅❊▼♣❈▼❯❄❉❊❴➂❙❍❬ ❪❈❬
❉❄▼ t❍ ♣❍❏♣❄❫❅❇❍❫ ❭❯▼❙❄❅▼ ❍➛❏❳❯❇❯▼ ❏♣❯❄♣ ❈❏❏♣❄●❈❳❴
Toll free (Oregon):
Regional publisher.........................Karrine Brogoitti
Home delivery advisor.................Amanda Fredrick
General manager/
Regional operations manager ........Frank Everidge
Customer service rep ......................... Mollie Lynch
Advertising representative......................Karen Fye
③❩❹④④❩❖❺❺❩◆③③④
Fax: r❖③❩❻❼◆❩❽❹④❖
Regional audience
development director...............................Kelli Craft
Advertising representative...............Juli Bloodgood
Email:
❉❍❭❊❾❳❈❱♣❈❉❫❍❄t❊❍♣●❍♣❴❇❄❪
Editor ..........................................Cherise Kaechele
Advertising representative...................... Amy Horn
Website:
News clerk....................................Lisa Lester Kelly
Graphic design supervisor................Dorothy Kautz
Sports editor .......................................Ronald Bond
Graphic design ..............................Cheryl Christian
Reporter................................................Dick Mason
Pressman ........................................Jay Magnuson
Reporter............................................. Max Denning
Pressman ............................................Kevin Brann
Reporter.....................................Amanda Weisbrod
Distribution center supervisor.............. Larra Cutler
Classifieds ........................................ Devi Mathson
Distribution center............................Terry Everidge
Customer service rep ................Sharon Magnuson
Distribution center..............................Ernie Grende
❭❭❭❴❳❈❱♣❈❉❫❍❄t❊❍♣●❍♣❴❇❄❪
Street address:
③❖④❼ ❿❯❘▼❙ ♥▼❴⑤ ➀❈ ➁♣❈❉❫❍
POSTMASTER
Send address changes to:
➂❙❍ ➃t❊❍♣●❍♣⑤ ③❖④❼ ❿❯❘▼❙ ♥▼❴⑤
➀❈ ➁♣❈❉❫❍⑤ ➃➄ ❻❽❹r④
Periodicals postage paid at:
➀❈ ➁♣❈❉❫❍⑤ ➃♣❍❱❄❉ ❻❽❹r④