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About La Grande observer. (La Grande, Or.) 1959-1968 | View Entire Issue (June 2, 1959)
' Obsbrvcr Livestock Edition, Tues., June 2, 1959 Page4 ' GK3 Ml StudyMayHelp PreventDisease Studies ol musclar dystrophy in calves now under way at Ore gon State College may contribute to understanding o( the disease in man, Dr. Hugo Kruegcr, pro- lessor oi animal husbandry, be lieves. He xsaid rabbits, 'guinea pigs, trice, rats, sheep and. cattle all can have various forms of muscu lar dystrophy, some similar to the disease in humans. The more learned about muscular dystroph ies cf animals, the more possib ility of knowing abut the disease m man, Kruegcr explained. The OSC studies have recently been assisted by a $2,700 grant from the Muscular Dystrophy As sociation of America, Inc. The re search deals with white muscle, a muscular dystrophy of cattle. The project is to study heart dif ficulties of calves afflicted with the disease. Kruegcr explained that cattle and sheep die suddenly when af flicted with white muscle disease. Visible lesions can be seen in the ncarts cf some calves. This in dicates that muscles arc not the only part of the body affected. Circulation, the nervous system and muscles all can be affected in various types of muscular dystrophy. STEER AND CALF Mark Halsey, 11, and Francis Peterson, 12, show the cow and ; calf which livestock show goers will see on display at the 4-H livestock exhibit at the EOLS. Both youths are members of the Island City Variety Livestock Club. ' ; (Observer Photo) Union Station Will Gather Ragweed, Wheat Rust Data Oregon will widen the scope i of ragweed surveys this year and ; Jn the process will gather new in- : formation on the wheat stem rust situation here, reports the state department of agriculture. ! Key to the dual duties will be pollen trapping stations the dc jwlnicnt is telling up at Union , Sherwood, Kugcne, Klamath Kails, Giants Pass, Medford, Roscburg, Corvallis, Baker, Hood Itiver, Urn ' atilla, Ontario, ISurns, John Day, ' Kedmnnd, Pendleton, Bonneville, llie Dalles and Lexington. A part-time station will function at Cave Junction. Most of the stations arc now in operation. Information gained from three other stations, main- ; BARRIER ' Rope stretched across the front end of the box from which the roper's and steer V'I'fsller's horse comes when the barrier flag man drops the flag. According, to the arena condi tions, 'Hie stock is given a pre determined head start, or score, piarkcd b ya scofelino. After tlje stock is far enough out of the liule Jir has passed the seorIine, the barrier flagman lowers his flag signalling the start of time and simultaneously pulls a rope that releases the Wrier. taincd by the American Academy nf Allergy, at Portlands Salem and Milton-Krecwatcr, will be added to the new pool, according In George Moose, department rag weed supervisor). A "trapping station" consists of two nine-inch disks arranged Vk inches apart and mounted on a 39-inch pedestal; microscope slides, greased to catch pollens, arc placed between the disks. St a tions arc mounted on the highest point in the locality. Slides will be changed three times each week. The Oregon State College is cooperating in the survey and will prepare and read the slides for ragweed, other allergenic pollens, and wheat stem rust spores. Tim department' hopes the Itial purpose survey will reveal this about ragweed: (1) whether any infestations have been over- uokcrt; and (2) whether western Oregcn, now a control area, is getting any blow-in from outside nfestalinns. On the wheat stem rust side, he department's plant patholo gists want to know: (1) whether the rust overwinters in Oregon on grasses; and ' (2) whether rust spores move from western Ore gon to the grain fields of eastern Oregon. ' ... . . Farmers Lose Most Sheep To Coyotes Farmers lost 447 head of live stock, including 400 sheep, to predatory animals in the first quarter of 1959, with coyotes the culprit for over 40 per cent of the sheep destruction. Dogs were responsible for 127 of the sheep killed and bobcats, raccoons, mountain lions and even the eagle had claws in the act. Other livestock losses to wild marauders included 17 goats, 25 calves, two. cows and three pigs, according to the cooperative re port of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife service and state department of agriculture. Poultry losses on farms for tne quarter totaled 270, including 181 chickens, 31 geese, 2 swan, 13 ducks and 43 guinea, hens. Switching to the mommy re port of hunter's catch on pcrda- tory animals, 837 animals were taken, with coyotes topping the list at 55 7and bobcats a poor sec ond at 190. The fcx take total ed 77 and hears, seven. Also, hunters killed 99 porcupines, 40 badgers, 31 skunks, 93 raec.soons and one opossum. Description Given Of Cereal Varieties Best cereal varieties to grow in each of Oregon's eight crop ping areas arc listed in a new circular published by the Ore gon State College agricultural ex periment station. The vrictis recommended for ei'ch area have been thoroughly tested in each area by the OSC farm crops department and branch experiment stations throughout the state. Wheat, bar ley,, oat, corn, and rye varieties arc listed. , Recommendations are made for the Willamette Valley, Southern Oregon, Columbia Basin, Blue Mountain, Klamath Basin, Central Oregon, Lake-Harney, and Snake River Valley areas. Maps indicate how much land each area overs. Copies of the circular, titled "Cereal Variety Recommendations for Oregon," are available, free of charge to Oregon residents. They are available at county ex tension offices, or from the OSC bulletin clerk, Corvallis. FIRST USED IN MINING Early Oregon Farmers Made Little Use Of Irrigation Much early irrigation in Ore gon started as a side line of gold mining and even as late as 1912 farmers in central Oregon ques tioned both the need and desira bilily of irrigating. Today, interest in irrigation has grown until l,50O,0UU acres are irrigated in the state. This acre age is expected to nearly double by the year 2000. But mcst of the easy irrigation development has already been completed, Marvin Shearer, Ore gon State College extension irri gation specialist, reports. Future development will require more money, community action, and ad vance planning, he emphasized. The first record of irrigation in the Oregcn country was by a. Methodist mission in The Dalles 20 years before Oregon became a state. The first known water right in Oregon was established in 1352 by the Wagner-Thornton Ditch in Jackson county which diverted water for the irrigation of 69.4 acres. This ditch was a gold mining by-product. Placer min ers wasnea goia irom water brought around the hill in ditch es. When the gold was gone the ditches were still there, so they were put to work carrying water to farm lands. Eastern Oregon's first irriga tion development was a result of gold mining, too. In the 1860's the first irrigation in Baker coun ty was from a ditch near Sparta, first built for placer mining. Oregon's first multi-purpose water development probably was the Burnt River ditch near Mal heur City. This ditch was de veloped for mining, transporting logs and irrigating. The state s first irrigation well was drilled near Eugene in 1898 by Frank B. Chase. His land con tinues to be owned and irrigat ed by the Chase family. Eastern Oregon has enougn wat er for foreseeable needs, but it must be stored and placed where needed. The ultimate goal in the Willamette Valley is a syystem of dams and canals to provide maxi mum use of winter precipitation for crop production use durin the dry summer. Sprinklers are used on abaut 10 per cent of the irrigated land in the state. The rest is flooded. However, the sprinkler method is used on 90 per cent of the land irrigated west of the Cascades. Although irrigation is an an cient farm practice, sprinkler ir rigation didn't begin until after 1900, and has been poplar only since about 1945. Oregon State College pioneered in portable sprinkler irrigation. Light-weight casly-to-handle aluminum tubing was first adapted for irrigation in the state. Stocl used before that was too heavy to be moved about with case. Two other factors have helped increase interest in springier irri gation. Thev are such schemes as wheels and tractors to reduce labor in moving the pipe and de velopment during the past three or four years of a soUd system cf pipe that never needs moving. Future irrigation development will be more difIculf and . ex pensive because of competition for water and more; complicated conveyance . . systems, .', Shearer believes. In spite of present sur pluses, future irrigation uill be more important, than ever, he says, to meet the demands of a growing American population. 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