Observer, La Grande, Ore., Tuesday, Aug. 12, 1958 Page
LA GRANDE
Eitabllihad 119
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No. 2 Globe-Trotter
The strong right bower of Secretary Dulles in mapping:
strategy for any summit conference as in working; out
an over-all Middle East policy will be a 63-year-old
Irish-American who has traveled about the g'lobe' on
diplomatic missions almost as frequently as his boss
has. Once described by President Eisenhower as "af
fable, friendly, exceedingly shrewd," Robert D. Mur
phy is a "five-star" diplomat; he was one of four State
Department officials sworn in, April 9, 1956, as the
. nation's first Career Ambassadors, the highest rank
in the Foreign Service.
Yet Murphy is a shirt-sleeves rather than a striped
pants operator. He is described by Gen. Eisenhower's
World War II naval aide, Capt. Harry C. Butcher,
as a "tall, slightly-stooped-shouldered" individual who
"talked more like an American businessman canvass
ing the ins and outs of a prospective merger than either
a diplomat or a soldier."
The picture is perhaps deceptive. A graduate of Mar
quette University of the Society of Jesus, Murphy has a
Jesuit's respect for an adversary and a scholarly ap
proach that is evidenced in his speeches, many of
which are made to Roman Catholic groups. ,
"I am always an optimist," Bob Murphy said recent
ly in Amman, Jordan, in the midst of a Middle East
"area assignment" as President Eisenhower's person
al representative that took him into Lebanon, Israel,
Iraq, and Egypt. His job, he said, was to confer wvth
authorities in these countries about' "everything."
!lt is nomere play on words to say that Murphy's' dip
lomatic interests are catholic. He has been Ambassador
to Belgium and Japan and political adviser to the United
Nations Command' in the Korean armistice talks. His
negotiations with President Tito patched up a tiff with
Yugoslavia in 1955, and he had played a major role in
solving the Yugoslav-Italian dispute over Trieste a year
earlier. He represented the United States in Suez Canal
talks in 1956; more recently he aided in settling differ
ences between France and Tunisia.
Murphy in World War II was President Roosevelt's
personal representative in North Africa. He was the
central U.S. diplomat in negotiations with Admiral
Jean Francois Darlan that cleared the way for the entry
of U.S. troops into the areai ,
' Murphy received the Distinguished Service Medal
and a boost in rank for his services in North Africa,
biit his alleged pro-Vichy sympathies brought him con
siderable criticism. The New Republic angrily demand
ed, "Recall Robert Murphy" in a cover headline. ,
; . Both Eisenhower and Butcher absolve Mui-phy of any
blame in the negotiations with Darlan. "While we were
reaching a final decision he stepped entirely aside ex
cept to act upon occasion as interpreter," Eisenhower
has recounted. "It was squarely up to me."
In any event, the criticism did no permanent harm
to Murphy's career. He was Gen. Eisenhower's politic
al adviser in North Africa and Italy his opposite Bri
tish number being Harold Mncmillan. He became U. S.
adviser on German affairs, with rank of Ambassador,
in 1914, and ever siiice he's handled a host of complicat
ed diplomatic puzzlers as the State Department's No. 1
career officer.
Side Glances
'The quick lunch around the corner is selling coffee
for nickel, M now car, i take twloe at many
' ' coflM feroBKsl
Affects Of High Flying
On Heart Under Study
By OE1.0S SMITH
United Press Science Editor
NEW YORK 'UP) A top au
thority acknowldges thai medi
cal science doesn't know enough
to say positively that apparently
healthy persons can fly in jet air
liners at 40,000 feet without the
slightest risk of heart attacks.
President Eisenhower has ap;
iroved the purchase of three' of
the high-flying jet transports.
vhich are to make their appear
ance on the airlines next year, for
the use of himself and other high
government officials.
Dr. Philip Lisan, when asked if
he thought persons without symp-
oms of heart disease, can fly at
the high jet plane alitudes wjth
nit- worrying about attacks, re
plied: "Yes, I believe so on the
basis of what we know at present
Of course, one must consider pre
disposing factors. '
He turned to the results of an
anatomical study made in 1053 of
300 young mericans killed in ac
tion in Korea. All had been ap
parently healthy, yet 05 per cent
showed a "significant" amount of
narrowing of one of the major
heart arteries.
"Now thtis is a disturbing
thing," he continued. Any individ
ual may have a significant nar
rowing of heart arteries, as the
study showed. "Does that make
us good risks at high altitudes?
asked Dr. Lisan. 'I don't know and
I don't know anybody who does.
The whole subject needs a great
deal more study. The Air Force
is interested and medical schools
are interested. The Army is in
terested because of its concern
with shock. What they lack is
money, and it's very important to
all of us that this lack be over
come. ,
Lisan is former chief of medi
cine and cardiology at the Stra
tegic Air Command at Fort
Worth, Tex., and now is a mem
ber of the faculty at Hahnemann
Hospital Medical School, Philadel
phia. He is an accepted authority
on aviation physiology. He was
giving his opinions in an inter
view with the technical publica
tion, "Pulse and Pressure."
He was positive in his opinion
that flying does not cause any
'"wear and tear" on the heart and
its arteries and veins. But there
definitely is such a thing as an
"altitude reaction." High flying
airplanes have "pressurized"cab-
ins, of course, but the air pres
sure maintained in them is not
the same as that of ground level
but rather the lesser pressure of
4,000 to 5,000 feet of altitude, he
said. The "altitude reaction" is
not precisely definable but it "in
volves some alteration in cardiac
output," he said. Most people
never have it, but some 'do.
He approved of the special pre
cautions that will be taken on
high-flying jet liners in case of a
sudden failure of air pressure-
one member of the flying crew
will wear an oxygen mask at all
times and oxygen masks with the
oxygen "running" will drop in
front of all passengers automatic
ally.
Tins is important, you see, be
cause at the altitude these jets
fly, you can't live more than
three minutes at the low pres
sure, he said: n one man is
conscious and able to act, how
ever, there snouian i De any cm-
ficulty because' the plane can be
brought down to a tolerable ati-
tude in a matter of seconds.
I should say, though that these
precautions aren't going to be
much help for the patient with
coronary artery disease, because
he can't tolerate even a few sec
onds of decompression."
De Gaulle Promises Vote
For Freedom To Colonies
cnlTOP'S NOTE; Kinasturv
Cmiik uirA president and asso
ciate general manager of United
Press International, is on a fact
finding ,tour of Europe.
By KINGSBURY SMITH
United Press International
PARIS (UPD French Premier
Charles de Gaulle has .promised
that France's overseas territories,
excluding Algeria, will have the
right . to vote for "total inde
pendence" in the forthcoming ref
erendum on a new constitution.
Paul Reynaud, chairman of the
Constitutional Consulative Com
mittee, told United Press Inter
national in an exclusive interview
today that De Gaulle has made
this promise to him personally.
It was my idea, Heynaua
said. "I felt it was of capital im
portance to France's international
Dosition that the people of the
overseas territories should be al
lowed to ask for total independ
ence when they vote on the new
constitution. I urged Gen. De
Gaulle to agree. He will do so.
He told me so."
If the inhabitants of French
overseas territories are given the
opportunity to vote in a national
eferendum on whether they wain
complte independence, it will
mark an historical milestone in
France's relations with her former
colonies.
Should they vote affirmatively,
it iq ppnprallv nerped in Paris that
De Gaulle is the only French po
litical leader who could get away
with granting them independence.
If De Gaulle carries out his
promise to Reynaud and the peo
ple of the overseas territories
should vote for complete inde
pendence, those who know the
general are convinced ne wouia
grant it. There is no doubt, how
ever, he would do so with bitter
disappointment. ..
iia tniri tlip rnnsi ill at i vp commit
tee last week he conceived of no
other solution for France and
what is still left of its empire
than "a form of association in
tegration or federation." He said
anything else would mean "se
cession, with all the consequences
that it would bring and with the
risks and perils for those who
would choose it." '
Hi? promise to Reynaud would
indicate, he is prepared to allow
the natives to risk those perils if
they wish.
Reynaud also told this corre
spondent he is confident the mod
ifications which De Gaulle is ac
ppntine in the proposed constitu
tion will safeguard democracy in
France.
Thp 7fl-vear-o d former premier.
still remarkably energetic, is act
ing as the detenoer oi r rencn par
linmpnlnrv democracy in his role
as chairman of the Constitutional
Consultative Committee.
U.N. Committee Warns
Of Radioactive Fallout
By JOHN McNUTT
llnial Pmcc IntertiAtianat
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. (UPl
A 15-nation U. N. committee
has agreed unanimously that man
kind faces "new and largely un-
tnnwn hn7nrHs" as II . result Of
radioactive fallout from nuclear
eapons tests.
Tin- committee, which has been
studying the problem for more
than two and one halt years,
found that "even the smallest
nniminlc nf rnHintinn ilro liable to
cause deleterious genetic and per
haps also somatic cuecis.
U.S. Timber Sales
To Draw Protest
From Industry
pnnTl.AND (UPD Members
and friends of the Western For
ester Industries Association re
cently joined by representatives
of the Independent Plywood Man
ufacturers Association and other
groups left today for Washington
to protest the management of tim
ber sales by the u. s. iorest .-.erv-ice.
The main complaint to be pre
sented by the group is that the
forest service, despite professions
of heavy timber sales, is not liv
ing up' to its own timber sale pro
gram and that the regional econ
omy, largely dependent on timber
for raw material, continues to
suffer.
BING'S SON "FINE"
HOLLYWOOD (UPD Crooner
Bing Crosby's 23-year-old wife.
Knthy, and their son, Harry Lillis
(Tex) Crosby III, were reported
"doing fine" today at Queen of
Angels Hospital. The baby. Bing's
fifth son, was born Friday.' . .
Somatic effects include cancer
and leukemia. The report added,
"The irradiation of any groups of
people, before and during the
reproductive age, will contribute
genetic effects to whole popu
lations in so far as the gonads
(reproduction glands' are ex
posed." In Washington, the Atomic F.n
ergy Commission 1 a-u d c d the
"thorough - going study" made
by the U. N. Scientific Commit-
lee Oil 111-- Cliuv-ia tn fiiuiun; j
Radiation but said "man must
learn to live" with radiation. ,i
The A EC added, "It is im
portant to note that in so far as
leukemia and bone cancer arc
concerned, the committee has
pointed out there is no certainty
that fallout will produce' any ad
ditional cases of cither disease."
Moreover, said the AEC, the com
mittee "has taken pains to esti
mate the greatest number of
cases which might result from
fallout under the most pessimistic
conditions."
The committee's report, which
will be submitted to the next
regular session of the U. N.
General Assembly, stopped short
of calling for cessation of nu
clear tests. It said that problem
was one for tlie political men, not
the scientists, to solve, and called
merely for "cessation of con
tamination" caused by nuclear
testing.
The 15 - nation group said,
"Radioactive contamination of the
environment resulting from ex
plosions of nuclear weapons con
stitutes a growing increment to
world-wide radiation levels.
"This involves new and largely
unknown hazards to present and
future populations: these hazards,
by their very nature, are beyond
the control of the exposed per-
muz k
lip
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