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Side Glances
Washington Merry-Go-Round
EDITORIAL PAGE
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La Grande Evening Observer
Frank Schlro, Publisher
MONDAY EVENING, MAY 21, 1945
All That Remains of the
EVENING OBSERVER'S
PROGRESS PROGRAM
IRRIGATION Complete the Grande
Runde Valley irrigation project.
LA GRANDE A city of 10,000
Extend the city limits.
TODAY'S TEXT
Do not nbhor us, for thy name's sake,
Io not diHRi'ace the throne of thy jrlory;
remember, break not thy covenant with
lis. Jeremiah 11:21.
The War Phase Two
Wo have just received a copy of a
report prepared by the office of war
information under the direction of Fred
Vinson, director of the office of war
mobilization and reconversion, and
transmitted to the president on May 10.
We believe the list of 10 basic points
outlined in this report are the best
source of answers to many of the ques
tions in the minds of all of us.
The following1 are 'ten controllinir
statements of principles and facts" as
jliven in the report, and for the present
need no further comment:
1. War against Japan probably will
prow in severity over a prolonged per
iod, linconditional surrender of Japan,
as of Germany, is our goal, and its
hardly likely that Japan will yield her
home islands to occupation by our for
ces short of successful and complete in
vasion. Kxpericurc has shown that, any
effort to predict definitely the duration
of war usually fails. All' our effort to
ward war, ami toward production, will
be needed no to Hie hist instant.
'Z. Hcmobilization of such men as the
army can spare will lienin promptly,
liecause of shipping- limitations, it will
take nliout a year to complete the re
lease of men eligible for discharge. 'I'll
navy does not plan to demobilize until
Funny Business
"lie myi lis hopes ynu dnn'l mi id M whiling
0 q untiVbji turn tintiwl q
.-wmi?
l'age Two
Rome - Berlin - Tokyo Axis
Japan has been defeated.
3. As a result of lessening pressure
on the European war front, cuts in war
production began some time ago. Dur
ing the next six months, war produc
tion cuts will be of the order of 10 to 15
per cent of the current rate.
The navy's small production cuts have
already been scheduled. Greater cuts
nmy be expected during the first six
months of 1946, after the long pipe
lines to supply the war in the far east
have been filled. Even then, munitions
production in the first six months of
194G will maintain a level not far from
two-thirds of that previously required
by the two front war. In addition to
our own needs, we must continue to send
lend lease war essentials to our allies
who are fighting with us asrainst Japan.
'I. High production still .required for
the Japanese war will require that a
part of those now employed in war pro
duction stay on the job. The total num
ber of persons unemployed, many of
whom will bo only temporarily out of
work between jobs, probably should not
exceed more than 2 to 2i3 million per
sons at the end of the next 12 months,
as compared with a present total of
about one million. There will be severe
local unemployment problems, side by
side with actual manpower shortages in
areas where war production remains at
a high peak. Strict manpower controls
will continue to be necessary, especially
in such areas. Nationally the situation
should not be acute.
B. Subject to the over-riding priority
of war production, some reconversion
will take place immediately. The pace
will te accelerated as the requirements
of war permit. Reconversion planning
must proceed vigorously, but we can
not have complete reconversion until
final victory.
(i. Military requirements for food will
not decrease, and relief needs will be
greater. Domestic demand for food
See EDITORIAL . . . Page 4
o SO THEY SAY
It is perfectly clear to mc that
we cannot hope for a restoration
of peacetime business at high
lewis without a revision of the
tax laws.
' Sen. Wilier F. George, Georgia.
t uii a p' ic'i:cer, not u politi
cian. l.l. Gen William S. Knudsen,
former General Motors presi
dent, wlwn questioned rcgard
1115 running fur mayor of De
troit. Gei many is a sick nian. Right
now ho can have only what the
doctors presenile. Later on lie
will have a. moire ample diet.
Elmer Davis rwad of OWt. ,
It's like heaven here at homo,
tx.it I want to get hack irt" the
oM svinj; as fast as I Wibly
can. I waul to help produce tlt
thmijs we nced,o whip those
louy Japs.
Sgt. Frank Kastelllc, Cleve
land. O. released under de
mobilisation plan.
away Iho time
STN. Again
Soviet transgressions which have marred our
present Russian relations, must be chalked
up a list of petty mistakes and needling of
which U. S. officials have been guilty. None
of these is basically important in American
eyes, but to the orientally minded Russians,
always suspicious and made more so by long
years of diplomatic snubbing, they are ex
aggerated out of proportion and become very
serious.
Before the San Francisco conference open
ed, for instance, Foreign Minister Molotov
took up in Washington the question of ro
tating the chairmanship among the big four
inviting countries. Lord Halifax at that
time proposed a compromise and it was pre
sumed this would bp adopted.
Other delegates were amazed, therefore
when Secretary Stettinlus permitted the
Mexican foreign minister to propose Stettin
Ais' name as full-time chaiman of the confer
ence instead of rotating the chairmanship.
Molotov, not understanding English, did not
realize what was happening and Stettinius
was virtually elected when Molotov rose to
reiterate his point made earlier in Washing
ton. Later, Senator Vandenberg let out to
newsmen what happened at the secret ses
sion, giving a. distorted version to the effect
that Molotov was trying to sabotage the con
ference. The Russians get awfully stubborn when
they think you are trying to doublecross
them, even on little things. And if our hand
some young secretary of state had put the
quietus on his own vanity and graciously of
fered at the start to share the dull routine
job of wielding the gavel before the dele
gates (and news photographers) there is no
telling what headaches it might have saved
us In other places.
Instead, the Russians got the idea that we
were out to put their man on the sidelines
at the very start, and this impression contin
ued especially when Stettinius refused to
permit even a four-day delay on the admis
sion of Argentina.
At the Bretton Woods conference, where
the Russians finally agreed 100 per cent,
they asked for various delays of three and
four days to consult Moscow. But after
these delays, they always came through in
the end.
WASHINGTON. Against the unfortunate
WE, THE WOMEN
Br RUTH MILLETT
"Because he will not have his wife made
an 'unpaid domestic drudge,' the Rev. Ar
thur Snell is moving out of his 20-room rec
tory into a cottage which used to' be rented
at three schillings (87 cents) a week." So
says a recent news item from Chillesford,
Suffolk England.
There's the direct approach: While most
husbands feel that saying "I hate to see you
work so hard, Honey" eases the housewife's
burden here is a man who just up and puts
a stop to a lot of his wife's domestic drudg
ery. If their husbands insisted on, even co
operated most women who now have to do
all of their own work could cut down on it
considerably. But, of course, if you are go
ing to cut down on the work around a huse
you have to cut down on your "stylo of liv
ing." You have to simplify it in every detail.
Behind Scenes in Washington
Br PETER EDSON, La Grand Erenlng Observer Washington Correspondent
SAN FRANCISCO Real story behind
Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius's
announcement supporting the inclusion in
the United Nations charter of four amend
ments for the protection of human rights is
that these provisions were insisted upon by
a group of over 100 unofficial U. S. "Xon
sulants" representing 42 national religious,
patriotic farm, labor, business, educational
and peace organizations. Among the lead
ers in the movement to put a commission on
human rights in the social and economic
council of the United Nations organization
were Dr. O. Frederick Nolde of the federal
council of churches of Christ in America
and Judge Joscphy M. Proskauer of the
American Jewish committee.
Work of this consultants' group has been
pretty much behind '.he scenes at San Fran
cisco, but its effectiveness is best shown by
its victory on the human rights issue which
had been previously considered and then
dropped by the slate department, as some
thing too difficult to attain. None of the
consultants' meetings have been open to the
public or the press, but behind closed doors
they have had a number of spirited sessions.
Included in their group are such diverce
elements as A. F. of L. and C. 1. O., Nation
al association of manufacturers, American
Legion, Rotary tnd Kiwanis Protestant.
Jewish and Catholic societies, parent-lcach-crs,
league of women voters. While it was
generally feared they would lie in continual
strife, they have fooled cveryliody. worked
in harmony and may really contribute
largely to the succesv of the conference.
Consultants' scheduled meetings have
btvn Monday,. Wednesday and Friday at 5
p, m. and Tuesday and Thursday at 9M a.
m. Most of U'.cir sessions have been in a
reserved lobby at 'lie opArjl house where
! plenary .sessions are' liclrl-j though a lew;
nuttings ljTr. been at the Fairmont hotel,
Hhich is U. S. delcgition headquarters. At
morning sessions the consultants have been
threshing out things among themselves. Dr.
James T. Shotwell of the Ccmegie endow
mint tor tnliriutional ptaee presiding. M
Petty Needling
Personal pettiness has featured much of
our recent relationship with Russia. The
Russians, for instance have never quite for
gotten Chief of Staff Marshall's press con
ference when he predicted the fall of Mos
cow in six weeks. General Marshall was
only taking the word of his military intelli
gence, and is not anti-Russian, But Red
army generals never forgot it.
Later the war department made the mis
take of yanking Gen. Philip Faymonville,
the only U. S. military man whom the Rus
sians liked and who spoke' 'the language, out
of Moscow, replacing him with an anti-Russian
friend of General Marshall's, Gen. John
R. Ceane. Russian officials considered espe
cially significant the fact, that General Fay
monville their friend, was reduced in rank
to colonel.
Somewhat more serious has been the petty
needling of state department officials. In
the first place, the top adviser to Stettinius
is Leo Pasvolsky, last secretary to the Rus
sian embassy in Washington before the bol
shevik revolution, later editor of two White
Russian newspapers in New York. Various
delegates at San Francisco were amazed at
the way Stettinius called on Pasvolsky lor
advice at almost every turn. , More than any
other man, this White Russian seemed to be
the backstage manager of the American
delegation.
Another right hand adviser to Stettinius is
charming Jimmy Dunn, chief state depart
ment champion of Franeo and the man who
consistently oppoed the republican govern
ment of Spain because he feared it was too
much like the,-Soviet. Naturally it is hard
for the Russians to forget that Franco came
into power through Hitler and Mussolini
plus the hands-off embargo policy of Jimmy
Dunn; and that Franco promised to send
1,000 000 members of his blue division, to
fight the Russians when they had their
backs to the wall at Stalingrad. Now they
see Jimmy Dunn sitting at Stettinius' right
hand.
Then there is Nelson Rockefeller, whose
family owns many of the big oil companies
which prosper under certain Latin Ameri
can dictatorships. No matter what his fine
personal qualities, Rockefeller Is bound to
arouse Soviet suspicions.
So the majority of women who have fceen
getting along without help in the war years
have been .pretty much tied to their houses.
They have turned themselves into "unpaid -domestic
drudges" so that their families could
go on living just as always and so that the
windows could gleam as brightly as in the
days of cleaning women, and so that they
could continue to keep up their end of the
social round.
But maybe it isn't entirely because their
husbands don't decide "My wife isn't going
to be a domestic drudge" that most women
have failed to cut down noticeably on their
daily chores.
The wife has to be willing to give up some
things, too mainly her desire to keep up
with the Joneses. . ,
And it isn't every woman who would give
up living in an impressively big house to
move into a cottage even if the big house
did force her into domestic slavery.
afternoon sessions representatives of the
Amreican delegation have been appearing
in turn to keep the consultants informed as
to w hat went on and get their reactions.
It was at these afternoon sessions that the
consultants first emphasized their views on
having greater protection for human rights
written into the charter. Dcaji Virginia
Gildersleevc got this reaction at first, then
John Foster Dulles. But the delegates were
not impressed and decided not to make a
fight for these principles.
At a subsequent meeting of the consult
ants Secretary Stettinius appeared. Dr.
Nolde, an eloquent preacher, led off with a
demand for better safeguards to human
lights. He was followed by Judge Pros
kauer who made a profound legal presenta
tion of the case. Others among the consult
ants voiced their approval in no uncertain
terms. Their position was that while they
did not expect the American delegates to
win every point they did expect their dele
gates to get in there and fight for what they
considered right.
Secretary Stettinius was impressed and
said so. Leaving the meeting of the consult
ants, he went directly to a meeting with the
other American dclcr,vs and their official,
technical advisors, who were considering
other amendments. Stettinius immediately
made the proposal that the question of
amendments incorporating the principles of
Frcsident Roosevelt's four freedoms and the
protection of human rights for all people,
regardless of race,, language, religion or sex,
be reconsidered.
This a.'ljon was taken ;ti1 the American
d( legation, went on record in support of
four human rights amendment a state
ment of principle in the preamble, giving
the jtVncral assciublyie powciCJo assist in
attainti)cnt(pl these trefcfcnrVl.nd 'be crea
tion f a commbKibn jtc) protnnte tjir world
wide acceptance. q OO
Securing the approval of the other major
powers to these amendments was a relative
ly tasy matter.
COPmtlWHtAMHVlCC. IMC. T. W. f O. 0. . PAT. OfF.
"Even with the manpower shortage,. Marge never, has to change
her typewriter ribbon I suppose they figure we've go brains
enough lq change our own!"
O McKENNEY ON BRIDGE
Br WM. E. McKENNEY, America's Card Authority
A SHREWD END-PLAY
WINS PART-SCORE
- (This is one of a series of
hands from the recent world's
championship master's indi
vidual tournament.)
Al Weiss of Chicago, life mas
ter No. 31 has long been recog
nized as one of the outstanding
players of the west. He finished
second in this year's world cham-
A 10 7 4
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- Weiss
K83
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, , Duplicate Neither vul.
South West North -East
Pass 1 Pass 1
Pass 1 N. T. Pass Pass
2 tl Pass Pass Pass
-, Opening 4. 22
pionship masters' individual, and
after five sessions of play, was
only one-half point out of first
place.
Some of us are not inclined to
place much importance on a part
score hand, but Weiss certainly
handled the play of this hand
well to get his eight tricks in.
Questions & Answers
Q What distinction did the
wife of Soviet Foreign Commis
sar Molotov hold?
A Mrs Molotov was once
known as the best-dressed wom
an in Russia. At present she co
ordinates the work of several war
plants; before that she was vice
commissar of food in charge of
fisheries.
Q What was the largest me
teor to fall on earth of which the
date of fall is known?
A That which crashed about
14 miles southwest of Paragould,
Ark., Feb., 1930. Main fragment
weighed K20 pounds.
Q When is the next total
eclipse of the sun?
. A July D. This sunrise eclipse
will be, best seen from parts of
Idaho and Montana.
This Curious World
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HORSESHOES THAT BROUGHT GOOD LUCK
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IN BPAZIL,
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8EIJAFLORES...
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ANSWER: Greenwich, a borough of London, Efigljid.
NEXT: Ar flaminjoea native to th Unitd SiaUi?
He won the opening lead in
dummy with the ace and imme
diately ruffed the deuce of dia
monds. Now he took three
rounds of hearts and ruffed the
third diamond. , .
A club was led which West
won with the ten spot, .West at
this point made a nice play. .He
cashed the king and ace of clubs
and exited with the king of dia
monds. .
Weiss ruffed this with his. last
club and now led a small spade
towards the ten. West was
forced to win and concede South
a spade trick, which gave him
his eighth trick. ;M
o IN FORMER
YEARS ;
30 Years Ago, May 21
Ralph Huron left for Indlan
apois to visit friends and rela
tives. Walter M. Pierce went to On
tario to deliver the corrlmence
ment address lo trie "students!';' '
Prof.. Bailey, formerly of Elgin,
was in charge of the1!; Ontario
schools, . !
Mrs. A. E. IvanhoA county
school superintendent, elJivefed
the commencement adosSess to ,
the graduating classes at Sum
mcrville and Enterprise.
15 Years Ago, May .31 ,
Mrs. Emma Harding (trove to
Portland accompanying Jfjev. and
Mrs. Marcus Godwin. Soc went
to attend the Rcbekph "Conven
tion. Miss Blanche Clark, Miss Hilda
Anthony and Mjss Ida McMeekin
enjoyed a drive to Wallowa lake.
Another group driving to Wal
lowa lake included Mrs. A.- T.
Trollinger and daughter, Hazel
lean, Mrs. Jack Hiatt and son
Dick Mrs. Mae Blime and Misses
Gertrude Tichenor and Ethel
Broyles.
10 Years Ago. May 21
Miss Nora Clausen, daughter
of Mr. and Mrs. H. L. Clausen,
returned to her home here after
teaching the school year at
Myrtle creek. '
Miss Madeline Snyder, social
service director in Union county,
went to Truman, Minn., for a
visit with her parents. She was
accompanied by Cornelia 'Hansen.
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