o
MPS
ESTABLISH KD 1S96
Allies Gain
In Drive to
Smash Japs
By United Press
Allied fighting forces in the
Pacific pressed unremitting war
fare against the Japanese today
with no time out for celebrating
the end of the war in Europe.
Military authorities predicted
that, even with reinforcements
from the European theater, it
would require another year to
beat the Japanese on th? main
land. They conceded, however,
that Japan might surrender soon
er. The "war as usual" brought
new allied blows in the land cam
paigns on Okinawa, the Philip
pines and Tarakan and another
B-29 assault on Kyushu's suicide
plane bases.
Gain on Okinawa
Marines led a general advance
on. southern Okinawa to drive
within- a riffle7 of "Naha; the' capi
tal. Troops of the 77th division
drove near Shuri the island's
second largest city, northeast ol
Naha. The seventh infantry divi
sion made small gains down the
east coast above Yonabaru.
Australian and Dutch troops
were poised for a drive into the
rich Paomosian oil fields east of
Tarakan town on Taiakan island
eiff the oast coast of Borneo.
Australian officials announced
that Tarakan town had been cap
tured. Kyushu Airfields Bombed
A fleet of about 50 Superfort
resses attacked four airfields on
Kyushu following up yesterday's
assault.
Radio Tokyo said the big bom-
l.ors also attacked the Kochi dis
trict on nearby Shiikoku island.
The Domci agency reported about
50 Mustang fighters from Iwi;
attacked the airfields on Boso
peninsula, south of Tokyo for an
hour this morning.
Enemy Ships Sunk
Admiral Chester W. Nimilz dis
closed that navy patrol planes
sank or damaged 12 more enemy
vessels off Korea and Japan In
bring a three-day toll of enemy
ships in that area to at least 52
Carrier- planes made another
neutralizing attack on airfields
See MARINES . . . Page 8
Europe War Cost U.S. 800,000
Casualties and Billions In Cash
WASHINGTON, May 8 (UP) The victory in Europe cost the
TTn;,ni etitae sVimtt nnn nnn u;c nri -,,r,,-n ikn ci qk nnn nnn -.100 '
These are the best conservative estimates available now. It will
be a long, time before the final figures are worked out.
A United Press survey showed
today that this country's share o:
the cost of crushing the nazi b'd
for world domination will exceed
by three or lour times the cost
of World War I and its aftermath
whether the measuring stand
ard is casualties or dollars.
Cost Will Increase
The cost in money ill be in
creased in future years by many
billions of dollars through inter
est on government borrowings
and benefits to vetOans. The cost
in broken lives, too, will be pari
over a long period.
Most of the government ex
perts consulted in the survey be
lieved that at least two-thirds of
the dollar outlay since defense
lO'parations bgnn in 1940 ft-nt
directly or indirectly into the wa
Qa.t rmany and Italy. This
iLbascd on the allocation of men
tVthe two major spheres of a-n
l5 On Iho hci nf the host jwWl.far bebfiYl
able informationwo U.S. Iiht-
ing men were yeW 1" r.uropi- in-.-1
each one sent to the Pacific.
The cost estimate includes
nut i
only guns, bulle-ts, planes
ir,.l ;
tanks, plus the plants to mak
them, but also such ito:ns as lend
lease expenditures, training cost.-
LA GRANDE.
GETS CABINET POST Rob
ert E. Hannegan, chairman of
the Democratic National com
mittee, whose nomination for
poslmasler-ge-.ieral by Presi
dent Truman was confirmed
yesterday by the United States
senate.
Hannegan Voted
Seat in Cabinet
WASHINGTON, May 8 (UP)
The senui-L- today confirmed the
nomination of Democratic na
tional chairman Robert E. Han-
yan to be postmaster general.
The vote was 60 to 2.
The overwhelming vote came
swiftly aftor senate Republicans
lost a light to force public hear
ings by the senate postoffice
committee.
The hearings were asked by
Sen. Forrest C. Donnell, R., Mo.
His motion was defeated on a
roll call vote of 35 to 28 which
followed strict party lines.
Only Donnell and Sen. Robert
A. Tafl, O., chairman of the sen
ile Republican steering commit
tee, voted an.ainst Kr.nr.e: ,.n on
the final poll.
German U-Iioats May
Soon Fight Japan
WASHINGTON, May 8 (UP)
German U-boats soon may be
sinking Japanese ships.
Germany's surrender should
make available 2110 to 300 suh
niaiines which the allies could
use in the war against Japan, a
reliable source said today.
I
i
subsistence and literally thou
sands of articles and services that
never appeared on the field of
battle but were vital to victory.
H?re are the results of the sur
vey :
Cost in money defense and
war expi-nditures total-mou1 than
$277,600,000,000 since July 1.
1 Sl-iO. Assigning two-thirds of this
to the European war gives a fig
ure of S185,O(iG.0O0,000. This com
pares with the $55,345,000,000 cost
of the last war. The figure for the
last v(gr inckides continuing) ex
penses for m:iny years after the
Ojr and unpaid war o-bts. The
figui for this 0v' is just ffiS
e't up to now.
Cost in Qsualties approxi-1
mately 800.0UO men killed, woiJ-
ert, missing ami prisoners. Ti isrj)
a projected fiQrc because Die of-1 (&r. arid) Mvt Otto P. Klein,
final casualty coniDilat: ns arc 2904 rth Spnfcc street, today
Army cnsu.iltios compiled h
iy incaters as of March 31 showed
I a total of (;8j,"47
pean.fShditerranean. middl
rsW,st
and Crfi
ibbean theaters all part
of the European war. The figure-,
included l;i:i,;4 killed. 4:il.5
wounded. 67,008 missing mid 52.-
uiiumininHmuMiiai
Unioi and Wallowa Cowfi'l
OREGON TUESDAY EVENING, MAY 8, 1915
Truman Proclaims Day of
Prayer As Victory Comes
President Harry S. Truman's proclamation announcing'
surrender of Germany, follows:
"By the president of the United States of America:
A PROCLAMATION
"The allied armies, through sacrifice and devotion and
with God's help, have wrung- from Germany a final and un
conditional surrender. The western world lias been freed
of the evil forces which for five years and longer have im
prisoned the bodies and broken the lives of millions upon
millions of free-born men. They have violated their churches,
destroyed their homes, corrupted their children, and mur
dered their loved ones. Our armies of liberation have re
stored freedom to these suffering peoples whose spirit and
will the oppressors could never enslave.
"Much remains to be done. The victory won in the west
must now be won in the east. The whole world must be
cleansed of the evil from which half the world has been freed.
United, the peace-loving nations have demonstrated in-the
west that their arms are stronger bv far than the might of
dictators or the tyranny of
us soft and weak.
"The power of our peoples
all enemies will be proved in
proved in Europe.
"For the triumph of spirit
won arid fo.r itg'prorrfise to people everywhere who join us in4
the love of freedom, it is fitting that we as a nation give
thanks to almighty God, who has strengthened us and given
us the victory.
"Now, therefore, I, Harry S. Truman, president of the
United States of America, do hereby appoint Sunday, May
13, 1915, to be a day of prayer.
"I call unoii the people of
their faith, to unite in offering joyful thanks to God for the
1 ... i ,,?.., ti,.,f h .will ,.,.t
the end of our present .struggle and guide us into the way
of neace.
"I also call upon my countrymen to dedicate this day of
prayer to tne memory 01 tnose who nave given men- lives iu j0SPph stalin, Gen. Charles De
make possible our victory. Gaulle.
"In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and Mr. Truman counted the cost
caused the seal of the United States of America to be affixed, of victory. He did not forget "the
"Done at the city of Washington this eighth day of May, terrible price we have paid to
in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and forty-five, and , rid the world of Hitler and his
r ;.wln,MitnnQ nf tlm ITnitnd Ktntpa nf Ampvieji I hn one i evil band."
...... r.r:... .r.l r
ii nun i turn ,iiAL-imitii.
"15 v the president:
" "JOSEPH C. GREW,
Governor Snell Proclaims Day One
Of Thanksgiving and Rededication
SALEM, Ore, May 8 (UP) V-E day was hailed as a time for
rejoicing but not for wild celebration, by Gov. Eail Snell today.
He proclaimed today as a day during which "there should te
observed a period of prayerful thanksgiving and determined re
dedication to the goals yet before us."
"Orogon and its citizens must
not and will not forget that there
is yet another enemy to con
ouei." the Governor said. "We
must go forward with renewed
real and determination toward
that day when peace will be
established on all our fighting
fronts and in all the world."
"We will pray ardently for
divine guidance a the San Fran
cisco conference," Gov. Snell
said, "that there may be brought
forth a groat memorial toward
the creation of a just and lasting
peace,"
"May God speed the day of
final victory ... A guarantee of
liberty, truth and justice among
freedom - loving peoples every
v, h ere," the governor said.
No school holiday is contem
plated, superintendent of public
intruction Hex Putnam said, but
hi: ar,k.'d that suitable assemblies
and obseivances be held in
schooisi emphasizing; the meaning
it tbe war which is finished and
the ftar which is still to be won.
Irande Soldier
laEksFfomTafeyo
i nan me ursi oirecr news irom
their (5)i. Clayton Klein, sine? he
was t.iK.en prisoner the Japa
nese at the fall ol Corrcg(jfiS)
MryVcank Flanery heard him in
a lirWjelcast this morning from
Tokyo.
He said he was in good health,
that hj had received no letters but
military cliques that once called
to defend themselves against
the Pacific war as it has been
and of arms which we have
the United States, whatever
- .- '
"HARRY S. TRUMAN
acting secretary of slate."
V-E Day Heralded
With Impromptu
La Grande Parade
An impromptu parade herald
ed by martial music by the high
school band and scream of a fire
siien launched La Grande's ob
servance of V-E day shortly after
the official announcement reach
ed the city.
A colorful demonstration was
staged later in the day by mount
ed members of the Mavericks
club, a score or mors of whom
paraded the city's streets w ith the
national colors flying in keeping
with the spirit of the occasion.
City government offices were
closed throughout the day, but
courlty offices and agencies of
the federal government remained
open, having received no official
authorization to observe a holi
day. Generally, the day was one for
individual thanksgiving that the
world's most d-Hy conflict hut
come to an end, coupled with
a prayer Sot early victory in
the war against the Japanese.
Private and (pb hi ic buimss
came to a pre-arranged stand
still and the only public activity
was in the public schools, whicii
icmained in session.
The Ministerial association has
arranged for service in most ot
the Protestant churchfS") at 8
o'clock this evening.
Public thanksgiving will be
held at 3 p.m. tomorrow in the
rresbylcrian church, rather than
FIVE CENTS
Victory Is Only
Half Won, Says
President Truman
Warns Japan to
Surrender; Urges
Nation to Work
WASHINGTON, May 8 (UP)
President Truman today pro
claimed victory in Europe but told
the nation its fighting job would
be finished only "when the last
Japanese division has surrendered
unconditionally."
He said "Our victory is only
half-won." He gave this counsel
for the months to come:
"Work, work, work."
He gave this advice to the Ja
panese: Surrender.
Surrounded by his government
leaders, Mr. Truman issued his
proclamation of victory and his
statement of the work yet to do
J at a. historic news conference in
the White House. Then he broad-
j cast them to the nation,
Outside, . while the president
spoke, a chill rain fell.
'This," the president said, "is
a solemn -but glorious hour."
He voiced ihe thought of mil
lions by adding:
"How I wish Franklin Roosevelt
had lived to see this day."
Proclaims Day of Prayer
The president reminded the na-
I Hon in its flush victory that it
"ud not been righting atone. And
i he proclaimed Sunday, May 1.1.
a day of prayer.
The president sent his congrat
I istcI. Winston-Churchill, Premier
ulations and thanks to Prime Min-
I But he also sounded a note of
triumph and hope.
Pacific Victory Scon
"The power of our peoples to
defend themselves against all en
emies will be proved in the Pa
cific war as it has been proved
in Europe," he said.
For the Japanese, he saitl, the
choice is between unconditional
surrender and "utter destruction
to Japan's Industrial war produc
tion, to its shipping, and to every
thing that supports its military
activity."
Surrounded by the leaders ot
his government, President Tru
man told a crowded news confer
See VICTORY . . Page 8
Churchill Pledges
Britain to All-Out
War on Japanese
LONDON, May 8 (UP) Prime
Minister Churchill today pro
claimed the end of the war in
Europe and pledged that Britain
now would concentrate all her
forces against Japan. ,
Britain may allow hrrself a
"brief moment of enjoyment," he
told his countrymen in a brief
radio speech, but added:
"Japan with all her treachery
and greed remains unsubdued.
Hi- despicable cruelties call for
justice and retribution. We must
now concentrate all forces for
the task ahead.
"Long live the cause of free
dom! God save the kim!"
Chuifjiill broadcast from the
cabinet room at his official resi
dence) 10 Downing street, at 3
p.m. ((I a.m. PW35), then proceeded
to commons,
The house liaira ta-n an unioar-
ious welcome. Ufticn the chocrsQ
had dic.Odown, he readjlo the
members tlg sai speech we (hjid
broadcast a half-tjr earlier.
r O-
0 Weatlqr
Data for 24 hours ending 7 a.m.
Temperatures:
Maximum ... 76
Minimum 38
Forecast: Fair today and Wed
f i-
German Capitulation Brings
End to Five Years of Greatest
Conflict In History Of World
PARIS, May 8 (UP) The bloodiest war in European history
will come to its official end at 12:01 am. tomorrow, European tijne
(3:01 p.m., PWT today), with the formal end of hostilities onji
continent desolated by more than five years of conflict. '
The agreement formalizing the unconditional surrender will
be ratified in Berlin today; with Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel;
chief of the German high command, officially acknowledging that
Germany is beaten. . . -',."
Sitting around the table with Keitel in Berlin will be: - W.
For the western allies: Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur W. TiecM
der, deputy supreme commander. ' '
For Russia: Marshal Gregory K. Zhukov, commander of tli6
First White Russian army. . ?j$
For France: Gen. Jean de Lattre de Tassigny, commander of
the French First army. ' '
To save lives, the cease fire order already has sounded. But the
fighting went on today in some small and scattered sectors... -..i.
Fanatical nazis, defying- the high command's unconditional
RATIFIES CAPITULATION
Field Marshal Wilhelm Koitsl,
chief of the Gorman high com
ma id, who today is to sign the
official acknowledgement of
Germany's unconditional sur
render to the allies.
American Troops Enter Prague to
Crush Germans Who Refuse to Quit
LONDON, May 8 (UP) The partisan-controlled Czech radio
said today that hostilities havo endod by agroeme.it in Prague,
one of the last nazi pockets of resistance in Czechoslovakia.
LONDON, May 8 (UP) European reports said isolated pockets
of diehard nazis still were resisting in Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia,
the Netherlands and the Baltic island of Boinholm today despite
allied proclamations of V-E day.
The commanders of the last major surviving German armies in
the field in Czechoslovakia and Norway agreed to unconditional
surrender, but some troops in Prague refused to obey the cease
fire order.
German resistance in the Czech
oslovak capital was expected to
be crushed quickly, however.
Liaison officers of the American
Third army already were in the
city and a Brussels broadcast
said American tanks were enter
ing the city.
The patriot radio in Prague
said some German units were
burning houses, murde'iing Czech
civilians and looting in defiance
of orelers of th.'ir commanders.
The broadcast called on patriot
units to "reply to these bandits
with hard blows." '
Fighting extended from the out
skirts to the center of Prague,
but parts of the enemy forces
were laying down their arms, the
broadcast said.
The allied notified the German
hiiJft command that allied pleni
potentiaries would fly to Oslo in
two flying boats today to accept
the surrender of the German gar
rison of 250, Oil!) men in Norway.
Stockholm dispatches said an
allied naval force of III ships had
sailed through t(g)(ljkagoiTak and
entered Oslofjord, possibly tei land
troops in Norway.
Crown Prince Olav, commander
in chief of Norwegian forces, of
ficially announced the capitula
tion of German forces in Norway
and said troops will be sent t.i
surrender, held out in some parts of Czechoslovakiar-in-French
Atlantic ports, the Channel islands, and some pln
points in the Aegean. .iT
Holdouts Are Warned ''.;.'..'' t.f
On the Russinn front resistance continued in sortw con
siderable strength. But Prime Minister Churchill warned
in London that if the nazis held, .out, after. t!)e '12.:01 'tWfy.
deadline,- they would become outlaws under the rules of "wari
and would be attacked from all sides by the allies. - 1' - i
The German "peace" government of Gland Admiral Karl
Docnitz, successor of Adolf Hitler, was carrying on a senit
blance of official functions at Flensburg on the Danish
frontier. '-'.
Kcichsmarshal Hermann Goering, ousted in the last day's
of organized resistance from the command of the German
air force, is believed to be with the Doenitz government. SO
was Heinrich Ilimmler, gestapo chief and interior minister.'
Churchill said the uncondition
al surrender of Germany was
sinned at 2:41 a.m. yesterday at
Reims.
Doenllz Capitulates
Doenitz and General Judl, rep
resenting the German high com
mand, siuned tor Germany. Lt.
Gen. Walter Bedell Smith, Eisen
hower's chief of staff and Gen.
Francois Sovez signed for the I
western allies, and Gi'n. Ivan I
See GERMAN . . . Page 8
Allied Troops to
Go to Norway to
Disarm Germans
LONDON, May 8 (UP) Crown
Prince Olav, commander in chief
of Norwegian forces, disclosed to
day that allied troops will be sent
to Norway to dh-arm the capitu
lated loicc of fiO.COO Germans
there.
Olav, in a broadcast to Nor
way, called for calm and urged
his countrymen not to take mat
ters in their own hands in pun
ishing traitors and Germans.
"Even though the Germans
have capitulated that does not
end the state of war," he said.
"Until all enemy forces have been
disarmed the determining factor
willubo the military operatiems
which must bo i&dcrtakcn in
order to carry out terms ofQhc
capitulation."
The crown prince said he had
put Norwegian ahOland, and na
val units in Britain and SwcdG.
at the elispo.- of the supreme
allied eommind to help allied
fore-cs in disarming the Germans.
An earlier broadcast notified
the German high command that
two planes would carry allied
plenipotentiaries to Norway to
day to accept the German sur-
f
, I ':
.-i-i
Doenitz Offers
To Remain As
German Leader
LONDON, May 8 (UP) Grah
Admiral Karl Doenitz, appointed
by Adolf Hitler to succeed hliiri
as fuehrer of Germany, offered
today to remain at the helm of
the government during allied pc
cupation of the reich. . '.
"When Germany is occupied,"
he told the German people in 9
broadcast over the Flensburg fa
dio, "control will be in the hand
of the occupying powers. . . '
"It rests with them whether or
not I and the reich government
appointed by me can be in' of'
ficc. Should I be able to be of use
and assistance to my fatherland
by continuing in office there, It
shall remain in office." "'!;
Ho recalled that he had prom
ised he would try "in the coming
times of distress" to provide tol
erable living conditions for Ger
man men, women and childreri,'
but added: - .'; :;
"I don't know whether I shall
be able to help you in these hard
days." ' .'
Doenitz told the Germans they
must face the fact that the foun
dations on which Hitler's third
reich were built had collapsed.
"Unity of the state and (nazi)
party no longer exists,", he said.
"The party has left the scene of
See DOENITZ . . . Page B ;
Russians Capture (
Big Czech Base u.
LONDON, May 8 (UP) Dr
rienind the Czechoslovak strong
huld' of Olmuetz fell to the Red
army in a day of bloody fighting
today as diehareP nazi units con
tinued the war in isolated Euro
pean pockets in defiance of theif
leaders' unconditional surrender
proclamation. .)",
Premier .'Odin announced thai
Dresden, the capital of German
Saxony and one of the stubborn'
est enemy resistance centers left
en the continent, was captured
by Marshal Ivan S. Konev's first
Ukrainian army after two days
of violent strce't fighting. . hi
Olmuetz, a major Czechoslovak
ailway junction SO miles south
west of Morava Ostrava, fell al
most simultaneously to Gen. Ahr
drei Ycrcmenko's fourth ITkrsln.