i. .1- :
. EDITORIAL PAGE
La Grande Evening Observer
Frank Schiro, Publisher
- SATURDAY EVENING, APRIL 28, 1945
All Right, If This is
EVENING OBSERVER'S
PROGRESS PROGRAM
IRRIGATION Complete the Grande
' Ronde Valley Irrigation project.
LA RANt)E "A city, of 10,000
Extend the city limits.
TODAY'S TEXT
Then touched ho their eyes, snyinjr.
According to your fuith be it unto you.
Matthew 9:29.
Just laws are no restraint upon the
freedom of the good, for the Rood mar.
desires nothing which a just law will
interfere with. Fronde.
The Last Chance
Only a heartless handful of men
stand between war and peace. Not a
soul upon earth can honestly doubt that
Germany's doom is at hand, or that the
same doom awaits Japan. Yet a Hitler
and a Ilimmler in Germany, a 1 1 i roll i to
and a cabinet of war lords in Japan
prefer to darken each new day with
bloodshed and destruction.
It must have occurred to every one
in the last few weeks to question why
the Almighty Power that guides human
destiny permits these men to live while
good and great men die. It is scarcely
within our province to sermonize. I!ut
we have shared this universal question
ing and have found a possible answer
which we doubtless share with others.
Since the forgotten dawn of human
life, man has settled his disputes by
bloodshed. The practice has continued
while men grew in knowledge and un
derstanding and compassion. As civili
zation became more complex the war
breeding dispute passed from individual
men to their governments.
The men who fought war learned to
hate it. And more and more men have
come to know this hate as succeeding
Funny Hit sin ess
-.(ft.
ujpaa
a w.
1 ami think that o.iiuli Uimtr quit y:.'S-lm iM e!y
Page Tw
His Idea of Peace
wars have involved greater portions of
the world's populations.
Men have come to hate war. But not;
all men. Adolf Hitler did not hate it.
Adolf Hitler, a failure and a bum, found
in war a congenial atmosphere. And
he led into war a people who 20 years
before had lain exhausted in defeat tmd
sighed, "never again."
Men have come to hate war when war
was upon them. Hut some have for
gotten quickly. And others have turn
ed from the hated thing as they do
from death, and have said that this
cannot happen. Hut still they have
done nothing to prevent war even when
they have seen its approaching shadow.
So today war has again returned,
with an nwfulncss never seen or im
agined. It has struck wildly and blind
ly, bringing death and destitution to
millions who never fought or offended.
It has ground to dust the cherished re
lics of centuries. It has found beauty
and charm, and loft ashes and ruin.
Today delegates of the world's na
tions are met to try again to put an
end to war not to settle a peace in
I he war still raging, but to bring peace
for all time. And as they moot the
awful lesson goes on, day after day, so
that they may not forget, so that their
small disputes may be mocked by the
daily evidence of a type of war that
soils and degrades the name of man
kind. This is mankind's last chance. This
war has all but destroyed the rich and
ancient culture of a whole continent.
It lias led mankind to the brink of
disaster and given it a fore-taste of
what man's devilish ingenuity will de
vise for another war the extinction
of civilization.
So perhaps Hitler and llirohito live
lo drive home to the world the lesson
of its ancient folly, and to convince the
men of San Francisco and the men and
women of the world that this must be
the end of war or the end of man.
o SO THEY SAY
Heir Hitler, it he docs not re
sist capture, will be made pris
cner. us have other high Nazi of
ficials, and will he held for ac
tion of higher authorities.
Secretary of War Henry L.
Stimson.
o
The world is ripe tor a change
of heart, for a (jreiit switchover
(mm the past. And If at Sun
Francisco we ore wisely guided
we tuny well be ut the opening
of a new era in the relations of
the nations lo each other.
Field Marshal Jan Christian
Smuts, premier of the Union of
South Africa.
All the ruli of warfnr are ob
solete and must be thrown over
board. All nynns are fair fni
permissible (ft the struggles
against the terriblii ije.
i-Goebbels. 0
Full employment reaulros n
k,l.,m ,vl I, .!., I
'e.-.Jsu.s,...- National Planning ao-ticutlon.
Washington Merry-Go-Rbund
By DREW PEARSON
SAN FRANCISCO Despite packed hotels
the late President Roosevelt was wise when
he picked this city as the meeting place for
the United Nations conference, for San Fran
cisco is the symbol of the courage of the
American people.
Gutted by one of the worst fires in history,
hopeless San Francisco bounced back to be
come one of pur great American cities and
host to a conference which seeks to restore
hope to. a hopeless world the world today,
gutted and wartorn, is no worse off than San
Francisco after the earthquake of 1906. Yet
it came back Europe and Asia, if they take
a lesion from the city of the Golden Gate,
can do the same there is a zippy atmos
phere here which inspires diplomatic energy.
None of the stodgy defeatism of Geneva,
Versailles or Paris. Even Washington is
getting too blase, too old worldish for a suc
cessful international conference.
Delegates take on the spirit of the city .
which surrounds thorn. When delegates
know that an eager anxious city plus an
eager anxious nation is watching them, de
pending on them, they think twice before
going home empty-handed.
Latin-Americans have a word for it "am
biente" or atmosphere that is why the Rus
sian delegation is making things tough.
Language is one barrier between the Rus
sians and contagious atmosphere of San
Francisco. Another barrier is the way they
remain isolated. They won't expose them
selves to contagion. They are shutting up
in hotel suites unexposed to the hustling,
contagious, "never say no amiente" of this
town which raised itself from ashes.
The British got off to the best conference
start with the help of the dominions. Elder
statesman Jan Smuts of South Africa, who
has seen more conferences come and go than
any man since Aristide Briand, had written
a preamble to the United Nations constitu
tion which may go down in history along
side Thomas Jefferson's declaration of in
dependence the British dominions, inci
dentally, have breathed a lot of semi-independence
at San Francsico. Some make no
effort to conceal that their future is bound
up just as much with the U. S. A. as with
Britain. Records show that in other confer
ences they have visited about as much with
this country as with London.
WE, THE WOMEN
By RUTH MILLETT
A small Iowa college has announced that
at the close of the war it will build on its
campus an apartment house for married stu
dents, which will provide them with com
pletely furnished and comfortable living
quarters for $35 a month, including utilities.
In making the announcement the president
of the college said: "This generation be
lieves in early marriages and I am inclined
to look with favor upon them."
This school is just one of the many that
today are facing the question of what to do
with the married students who are already
beginning to arrive on campuses under the
G. I. bill of rights. Housing them is, of
course, the big problem in most schools.
For married students in the past haven't
had much consideration from colleges and
universities. On most campuses, if a young
couple decided that one or both would con
tinue working for a college degree after
marriage, it was up to them to find whatever
Behind Scenes in Washington
By PETER EDSON. La Grande Evening Observer Washington Correspondent '
Criticisms thrown at the Dumbarton Oaks
proposals in the last six months give the best
indication to hurdles which delegates from
46 nations will have to clear in drafting the
United Nations organization charter at San
Francisco. Taken together, till the U. S.
public suggestions for strengthening the
Dumbarton Oaks proposals may be reduced
to ten main points:
1. Inclusion of a "Bill of Human Rights."
2. Provision to settle disputes on princi
pies of justice.
3. Greater protection for the smaller na
tions. 4. .Greater protection of dependent colon
ies. 5. More regional organizations to maintain
peace.
6. Strengthening of international law.
7. More authority to use force to maintain
peace.
8. More mandatory disarmament.
fl. Better definition of powers of security
council and assembly.
10. Modification of the voting procedure
Criticisms of U. S. senators should prob
ably be given top consideration because the
senate will be asked to ratify the charter
written at San Francisco. Only four sena
tors huve thus far come out in open opposi
tion to the Dumbarton Oaks proposals. A
majority of the senators have reserved their
opinions, apparently waiting to judge the
results achieved at San Francisco.
But the 16 freshman senators in a letter
to President Roosevelt last January gave
their full support lo the Dumbarton Oaks
proposals, 11 other senators have spoken in
full support of the objectives and eight more
are on record with conditional support. :
Senator Tom Connaily of Texas, chairman
of the senate foreign relations committee
and a delegate to S.in Francisco, while ad-
nitting that it would be impo.tsltle to crc-O
a)c a United Nations organization that
would meet the views c( yvcry senator, has
himself put the finger on one possible weak
ness in proposing the creuiio.i at San Fran
cisco of an interim council a temporary or
r?
ganization to take the responsibility of acl-
juotm tnttrnational problems until the
Typical of state department bell-muffling
was its failure to get Australian External
Minister Herbert Evatt in to see President
Truman before he left Washington. They
told Evatt, one of the best friends this coun
try has in the south Pacific, that Truman
was too busy to bother about Australia.
(Among other things he had conferences
scheduled with Congressman Jed Johnson of
Oklahoma). Finally Senator Hatch of New
Mexico heard what had happened, tele
phoned the White House direct and Presi
dent Truman was delighted to see the Aus
tralian external minister.
"When the fascists come out of their fox
holes," says Aussie statesman Evatt, "Japan
may get strong again. That is why we must
have regional agreements in the Pacific as
protection against aggression.'' .
Australia, adds Evatt, is dead against the
right of a big nation to veto the attempts by
regional groups to prevent war in their re
gion. Most people don't realize it, but un
der Dumbarton Oaks, England's one vote
veto power could stop the Pan-American un
ion from taking steps to head off Argentine
aggression or, Russia veto could stop Aus
tralia, New Zealand and the U. S. A. from
heading off Jap aggression in the Pacific. A
lot of powers would like to change this at
San Francisco. This is what many U. S.
delegates don't like.
British labor leader Clement Atlee takes
a constitutional in the evening up and down
San Francisco's steep hills. Despite" his 61
years, he takes the hills as fast as he docs
his press conferences, where he answers
questions fairly well. Even Indian propa
gandist J. J. Singh was admitted to the Brit
ish press conference and fired critical ques
tions. British labor leader Atlee contrasts
with Secretary of State Stettinius who
dodged questions, said almost nothing. Stet
tinius flashed a gorgeous smile, knew each
newsman by his name, but otherwise ap
parently did not believe in open covenants
openly arrived at. When Stettinius arrived
at the Washington airport, the navy band
played "Lights Out."
Nevada's rotund Senator Pat McCarran
has got himself another free trip to the
west coast, to say nothing of his home town
Reno. He is senate observer to the Sar.
See WASHINGTON . . . Page 6
living quarters they could.
Unless the couple were helped by wealthy
parents, the rooms and apartments they
could afford were usually not only dingy af
fairs, but often cold in winter; hot in sum
mer, and completely lacking in conven
iences. The married couples just had to struggle
along under such living conditions because
they couldn't afford anything better. And it
wasn't unusual for them to have to spend so
much for a roof over their heads, they could
not afford the proper food.
So if the G. I. bill of rights wakes up col
leges and universities to the need for proper
housing for married students, as well as sin
gle ones, a lasting good will come of it. And
perhaps in the future fewer young people
will have to choose between marriage1 and
finishing an education that will mean so
much to their future. ' "'
charter adopted at San Francisco can be
ratified and the United Nations organization
can be made a going concern.
Perhaps the most constructive and care
fully thought out proposals for amending
the Dumbarton Oaks proposals have come
from Senator Arthur Vandenburg of Mich
igan, also a delegate to San Francisco. In
brief, Vandenberg's nine proposed amend
ments would include: A firmer declaration
in the preamble to establish justice and pro
mote respect for human rights; inclusion of
the principles of the Atlantic charter as ob
jectives of the United Nations organization;
revisions of treaties which work injustices
on any people; greater responsibility for the
security council to act in any situation
threatening world peace.
Outside the senate, the more responsible
criticism runs a wide range.
Commander Harold E. Stassen, another of
the delegates to San Francisco, is on record
as favoring the world peace force idea, giv
ing the United Nations organization more
power to enforce its decisions than was con
templated in the original Dumbarton Oaks
draft.
John Foster Dulles, however, has cau
tioned against appraising the Dumbarton
Oaks proposals solely on the basis of its use
of force, while, ignoring the constructive op
portunities for non-military enforcement of
peace through the world court and the eco
nomic and social council.
Ex-President Herbert Hoover, in a six
point criticism, has put forward the treaty
revision suggested by Vandenberg and in
addition has called for absolute disarma
ment of the Axis and relative disarmament
of the United Nations, more rcjjiynal organ-.)
izations like the Pan-American union in oth
er areas of the world, and checks on the use
of ftiriv ,thiui,h the president and Ihe sen-
ate
These ari-Vi'y no means all the changes
that have been proposed. But they incor
Ttptirate the principal constructive suggestions.
"The dreamy idealisnvituff and the crackpot
schemes can be ignored because they
wouldn't work and aren't gjing to (jet any
plabi.. btokko.
Side Glances
epPU'lW BY NEA SERVICE. INC. T. M. BEG. U. PAT. OFF. Hm$Q
"Bob says Manila is one of the most interesting cities he ever saw
he's met a nurse he used to go out with here at home I"
O McKENNEY ON BRIDGE .
By WM. E. McKENNEY, America's Card Authority
WRONG RUFFING LETS
TAKE-OUT BID MAKE
Today's hand came to me from
Mr. D. Cameron Montgomery, jr.,
a medical student at John Hop
kins university, Baltimore, Md.
In his letter he stated that his
bid of four no trump was intend
ed as a gigantic take-out double.
Well, I am afraid that I do not
quite agree with that bid. Nevcr
tiielcss, his partner did bid and
they got into a pretty good con-t-act.
I think East handled the play
A A K J 0 4
J 109 75
6
KJ
Rubber Neither vul.
South West . North East
1 A Double 4 A Pass
Pass 4 N. T. Pass 5 A
Pass Pass Pass
Opening 6. 30
of the hand well. He played low
to the opening lead, letting North
win with the ten spot. If North
returns a diamond and gives
South a ruff, the contract is
made.
But North returned a heart,
which the declarer won with the
king, then ruffed a small spade.
The ace of hearts was cashed and
a small heart led.
Here North made a serious
mistake. He ruffed in with his
nine of clubs. Of course the de-
Questions & A nswers
Q What was the original
name of Potsdam, famed heart
of Prussianism?
A Potzukimi. It appeared in
history in 99 as a Salvonic fish
ing village.
' Q How much coal is required
in manufacture of a tank?
A The Germans figured it at
90 tons; 120,000 tons for a battle
ship. Q How long has cocoa been in
use?
9 Cortez found the natives of
Mexico using it (the cacao bean)
both in their diet and as money.
This Curious World
W T .,
4 -Jo
A QS 6 5 3 2
y 82
K J 10
96
Montfomery
None I N I A 107
VAQ63 w r K4
AQ75 "ct884
32 r i Q875
A 10 3 I Dealer 42
I AN EXPERIENCED ESKIMO CAN BUILD I Y
X A GOOD SNOW HOUSE IN AN HOUR. J
WHEN RAIN STOPS COWNG, 1 4IL. . '
DOWN, IT LET3 UP," Ssrt pSrtJti-
EDNA M. WILSON, VsSV ' JJ
1
I1LXT: Whdi pe.t au n,4 Motmon iropj?
clarer ovorruffed with the queen,
ruffed his other spade and then
cashed the ace of clubs. He dis
carded his losing diamond on the
queen of hearts.
North might have defeated the
contract had he kept that nine of
clubs to ruff the queen of hearts
with.
O IN FORME!?
YEARS
30 Years Ago
George L. Cleaver of Imbler is
cno of the delegates from Union
county to the Celilo festival. He
planned to go to Portland and
take the trip up-river from there.
Pending installation of a perm
nnent pastor early in June, Miss
Olive Childers of the Salvation
Army took charge of the puplit
in the Methodist church.
15 Years Ago
Mr. and Mrs. Walter Price re
turned from a motor trip to Sa
lem where they visited with their
daughter, Helene. " u
Members of the "Coterie bridge
club were guests of Mr. and Mrs.
O. B. Maxam at their home. Mrs.
J. H. Albertson and A. J. Gower
won high score honors and con
solation prizes were received by
Mr. and Mrs. Leslie Sinden. '
Cecil Sherwood, former La
Grande high school athlete, com
pleted six weeks of strenuous
grid practice under the direction
of Coach Paul J. Schissler, at
Oregon State college, where for
two years ho had been one of the
main cogs in the football machine.
10 Years Ago 1
With only a little over a week's
ital practice, the La Grande Ti
per track and field team made a
strong showing at the quadran
gular meet at Pendleton. Five
records were broken, with Bark
er of La Grande taking the mile
in 4:38.4, one of the fastest
miles ever run in eastern Oregon.
Kilby, La Grande, finished sec
ond in the mile, and Barker and
Kilby finished second and third,
respectively, in the half mile.
Don Stilt tied for first with Mill
er of Walla Walla, in the high
jump, and with Kesler, La
Grande, for second place in the
pole vault, and was third in the
broad jump. Klein, Kesler and
Gehring placed in the high hur
dles, and Waldcn and Inseth fin
ished third and fourth in the
javelin.
o
HORSEBACK RIDING
WAS .V'tySEtPi'BED REMEDY
PSSTUBERCULOSIS
CENTURY AGO.
NIC. U. S. PAT. Qf F.