Page Four
LA GRANDS EVENING OBSERVER, LA fciRANDE, ORE.
Wednesday, June 22, 1932
YiHag
e of Cove
Is Progressive
And Attractive
Stackland Pioneer
In Cherry Growing
Covo nestles on tho weat slope
under the foothills of Mount Fan
nie, In a natural cove on tho east
ern side of the Grand o Rondo val
ley. This valley extends 16 miles
west to La Qrande and 35 miles
north from Union to Elgin, a beau
tiful farming country.
Cove has a population' or nearly
600. An electric power plant Is lo
cated on Mill creek, two miles above
Cove which furnishes power and
light for the entire valley. Cove
has a flouring mill, general stores,
drug store, blacksmith shop, gar
ages, fruit packing houses and ninny
other business enterprises, besides
live churches and a grude and high
school.
. Farming, dairying, stock raising
and fruit growing are the principal
Industries of Cove. The farm crops
consist principally of wheat, oats
barley and hay. As a stock country,
Union county and the Grande Ronde
valley have been noted for nearly
60 years, formerly for Its horses, but
later for Its cattle, sheep and hogs.
With a great deal of outside range
and splendid natural meadows, the
stock business is very attractive and
profitable. The dairy Industry, for
the same reasons as the stock bus
iness, Is suited to this locality.
Fruit growing Is one of the lead
ing Industries and also one of the
most profltnblo and promising. The
sweet cherry heads the list of many
fruits growl n In Cove and of which
nearly one million pounds nre pro
duced annually. Berries of all kinds
do well, as do peaches, apricots and
apples.
Cove Is an Ideal spot for the vaca
tionist, the hunter or the fisher
man. East of Cove lies a vast for
est solitude which may be pene
trated on horseback or on foot.
Hundreds of miles of primeval for
est are there, with countless moun
tain streams and lakes.
A standard grade school and high
school are maintained at Cove.
Boys' and girls' vrk lutcreata a
larger percentoge of the pupils In
Cove than any other school in
Union county. The constant Ideal
of the community for its schools Is
the development of citizenship in
Its truest sense.
Going to Cove by automobile, the
tourist has the advantage of excel
lent highways. Connection Is mado
to all of the cities and towns in
f " i
V" i t
1
if.,',)
IV"
Early Development
Recalled by Settlers
(Continued From Page One
K.IK! J. STACKI.AM)
Of Cove. Ore.
Pioneer commercial cherry grower
of Eastern Oregon, now one of the
largest in the Pacific Northwest,
having over 10.000 trees growing at
Cove. He Is bIbq a pioneer fruit
shipper to eastern and foreign mar
kets, beginning his operations in
1803 and for a dozen years handled
nearly all the surplus fruit grown
In Union county.
At tho same time he has traveled
a great deal, spending four months
in Europe after the war to study
tho economic nnd political condi
tions. Ho has been n lifelong stu
den t of pol 1 1 lea 1 economy, social
sclcnco nnd delved deeply Into many
philosophies nnd all questions of
major importance to the world, has
written thousands of letters and ar
ticles trying to help cure the eco
nomic ills nnd bring about n new
and better system under which the
American people, as well aa the
masses all over the world niny gain
a better and more secure existence
for the future, than In the past.
He has over 50 years of business
experience and Is stttl actively and
prominently occupied as a leading
fruit grower and distributor. While
also putting In long hours writing
i to help save this nation from this
economic crisis, and its very exis
tence as a democracy for tho whole
people ond Insisting that this ter-
can
be stopped Immediately If the right
remedies are npplied.
the Grande Ronde valley by well
PlhLXf;,h.r,y.!- re! rlble nnd dangoroua condition
tourist and the resident Is, the
swimming pool which affords n re
freshing plunge and much enjoy
ment. This spacious pool Is sup
piled with wnter from naturally
warm mineral springs and It is a
popular point of Interest and rec
reation. .
Cove Is a live-wire llttlo commu
nity, working hard to Improve It
self and always Interested In wor
thy endeavors that will assist and
benefit the homeowners.
One of The Coves'
Home Cooking Is
Daily Attraction
At Dinner Nook
Tho Bnlley Dinner Nook Is one of
the newest businesses of tho busy
community of Cove. With the vi
cinity open for such an undertak
ing. Bailey IVCcFiutrien, proprietor.
opened his Dinner Nook on Feb. 14,
193'J, and has since enjoyed an en-
wr j jrj j couraging return.
Veteran IfUliuerSt Homo cooklna. featuring Saturday
and Sunday chicken dinners, is the
mnln attraction.
City was a mora thriving town than
La Grande, and sovoral of tho busi
ness places originally located here
were moved there.
Then came tho moving of the
county scat from La Qrande to
i Union. Two elections were neccs
sary before the change' was finally
made. The vote was first taken In
1872 to decide whether La Grande,
Union, Oro Dell, BummervlUe or Cove
would be the county seat of Union
county, and none or the five re
ceived a majority vote. At the No
vember election In 1874 It was again
voted whether La Grande or Union
! the two towns receiving the high
est vote In the first election would
be the county seat, and Union re-
I celved the largest vote.
The county court house was first
built here In 1804 or '65, when Union
county was cut off from Baker
county. The court house stood
where the L. H. Russell home now
stands in Old Town, and a part of
the Russell home Is a part of the
old building.
When It came to moving the
county seat to Union from La
Grande, a Union delegation came to
La Grande and loaded the old log
Jail on wheels cut from a log and
moved the entire thing to Union,
fording Catherine creek to get there.
, Then (he Kail road
For a few years It seemed that La
Grande would die a natural death,
then came the advent of the rnll
road, which saved It.
As soon as the first surveys for
the road were made and the place
selected for the location of the ni 11-
Th e first passenger train pulled
road depot, what little business that
remained In Old Town was moved
near to the railroad and It was
around this that the present city
cf La Grande wns built,
into La Grande July 4. 1884. which
was a big day In the history of the
city, and was one which Is still
vivid In the minds of the old pio
neers, who were here at thnt time.
PANORAMA OF COVE AND THE WALLOWA MOUNTAINS
V. '
HI
"H-V1'"''
'.'
Cove is situated at the foot of a range of the Wallowa Mountains on th e east side of the Grande Ronde valley, 16 miles from La Grande. It is
known as a cherry center, hundreds of tons of the fruit being shipped from this point each year. Mt. Fanny is the high peak in the background,
reaching an altitude of more than.7000 feet above sea level. A trail leads over the mountain range to the Minam river, the favorite haunt
of many f ishermen.
Apple Growing Continues to Be
Important Industry in County
In Union county we have In apple
bearing orchards 1600 acres, with
approximately 80,000 bearing trees.
i There are 130 acres In prunes, with
approximately 9100 bearing trees. Of
cherries, there are 180 acres, with
approximately 11.000 bearing trees.
There has been an Increase In
prunes of practically 70 acres and a
decrease in bearing cherry trees of
practically 40 acres.
These figures are due to the fact
of crop failures, bad prices at times
and winter freeze, all of which have
discouraged growers, and as a result
they hove pulled down their trees,
or have abandoned their orchards
and engaged the land In other pur
poses. The same conditions are
found In some other sections of the
northwest, and they are no worse
here than in other counties. The
possible exception may be with the
cherry trees, which are more sus
ceptible to winter killing in some
of the counties farther west. How
ever, with proper care in putting the
tree to dormancy, there is no more
danger here. In fact there should
be less, as the trees here are much
hardier. The approximate yield In
Union county Is 375 car loads of
apples.
It meant much to them and equal- I "TV" set re
ly as much to La Grande as a city. ! Bar.d ess .ascertaining the adapt-
One of Coves' pioneers, tho pres
ent manager and owner of Cove
Quality Market. Is Mr. O. M. Gardner.
He settled In Covo more than 30
Tho Bailey Dinner Nook Is located
in the center of town, within easy
reach of everyone. Home cooking,
years ago and one of his first civic 1 PIeasnn' surroundings and the doll-
acts for the development of this com
munity was the construction of the
high school building in the year 1899.
He later served as principal or the
school for a period of two years, hav
ing served a term at teaching at an
earlier date In the Normal school.
clous dinner that is served mnke tip
a delightful hour for anyone.
Cove Noted For
All! FOHCK I.WKilMJ,
1KN. MITCIIMJ. SAYS
Big
DETROIT. Mich. The United
States continues to trail other na
tions In military aviation, in the
onlninn rf Tlrli rifii Utlliam
Yields Of Fruit M1UneU wnw the nations
Our p limes, even the latest pursuit
type, he says, are 40 to 60 miles
an hour slower than those of other
great powers. Military advance
ment in aviation has not kept pace
with commercial strides, he believes.
The Doisel cnclne has nuicle erent
advancement. General Mitchell said. (
One section of the county is espe
cially noted for the quantities of
smaller fruits produced each year,
and the quality also of that fruit.
That section Is Cove. Of the small
er fruits, strawberries are produced
In quantities only second to chrr-
, tun win aim me ruinate com- and seems to have a bright future,
fining to produce largo crops each, M ftll lUd to ftVl)ltion the flCro.
' 1 nautical division of the weather bu-
riums and prunes nre also quite reau has been a great help to onion
adaptable to this locality and the 1 ami potato growers, ya the gen
largo crops gathered in a nornml rrnl. and a handful of' corn syrup
year are of an unexcelled quality, j nibbed on the wings, will do more
?m.."? . theiT ,mV0 "ito kP the ire from forming than
shipped from this county as hlgn M anything the government tnia rie
60 car loads In one season. ' vised.
Store tin llillng Moved
Mhny of the old buildings which
had been constructed in Old Town
wero moved to the new town.
Although the population Imme
diately began to grow and La Grande
again took the aspect of a thriving
town there were still other hazards
to overcome.
The INSli Fire
During the year 1886 ranch of the
business section of tho town was
wiped out by fire, hair of a block
of buildings between Depot and Elm
streets on the south side of Adams
avenuo being totally destroyed, in
cluding two hotels, a livery stable
and other places
The section was all rebuilt and
again in 1891 another fire broke out
and destroyed all pf the building!
on the' west side of Depot street
between Adams avenue and Jeffer
son avenue. Including: the first brick
building In the city, which was con
structed by A. Sommer,
ability of the soil conditions, and
consequently mnny failures have
followed due to the owners not tak
ing the necessary precautions to
have the soil analyzed for adapta
ablllty found there. Fruit can be
raised In . Union county at practic
sive. Add;. to this the cost of irri
gating; the water and the cost of
spreading the same. These two items
are almost entirely additional to the
expense required in this locality, due
to the foct that two sprayings an
nually In Union county appear to
control the pest and, as a rule, our
winter snows give sufficient mois
ture In the mountains plus what
rain falls In the summer time, so
that irrigation Is not necessary.
The remarkable thing about what
an orchard means to a locality is
the fact of the tremendous amount
of money It produces from the soil
each year which goes largely to in
dividual workers of the county.
We. of course, fail to grasp the
things In some cases which would
ultimately bring to our county more
returns than any other one thing.
This is due to the fact that we are
too apt to look to the boosting of
this or that which will bring imme
diate returns and when we are told
velopcd the fact that three years
out of five were profit-taking of
considerable dimensions. Of the two
years of time; one was a loss of crop
by frost and the other a bad price
year, making the returns only equal
to the outlay of cost. But in the
period of five years the same or
chard returned to the grower a net
Income of 15 per cent on the invest
ment of about 400 per acre.
The development of these orchards
could bo carried on by many busi
ness men up to a period of good
bearing at a negligible cost. At that
time, the orchard could be handled
In groups and managed profitably
If only small. It Is a safe bet to
say that within five years such small
tracts located .close to our towns
would bo sought for by small home
owners and good prices would be
realized as soon as tho orchard is
able to produce a living for those
taking care of it.
There are certain fruits that are
better adapted to Union county
soils. Of the cherries, there are
three varieties, Bings, Lamberts and
Royal Amies. The last named Is
the greatest producer of the three
and while it may only bring a me
dium price In comparison. It is quite
tlcally worthless small tracts of
lands within the confines of Union
county, lying on the hillsides or
Isolated In the timber, not worth
the price of grain grown on them,
would be v logical. These could be
used to bring a greater population
to Union county, that could build
ud within a nerlod of 10 vears a
production In fruit growing that , sofely.
would unquestionably exceed $2,-i (Reprint of article prepared by H.
000.000 annually. When we stop to H. Weatherspoon of Elgin, Oregon,
think that this great sum is the new for the Progress Edition).
dollar taken directly from the soil
each year and contributed to the
extra wealth from dormant soil as
at present. It would certainly be
well worth the time for any .cham
ber of commerce or other business
organization In this county to give
due consideration and co-operation
wherever ventures can be made
that it requires from eight to 10
years for an orchard to become prof- a sure bearer and finds a ready mar-
iiauie -as it does with cherries, we j wun ine apples, it may be
are prone to throw up our hands i that so far as experience has
and forget It. As a matter of fact I taught us. probably the best set-
the situation Is not as different
from any other business concern,
from mills, factories, or any other
commercial , enterprise which re
quires eight or 10 years to build up
tings are Rome Beauty. Winter Ba
nanas: Delicious and Newton Pip
pins. On soils of a heavy and moist
character. the Jonathan proves
profitable as do a few other varle-
a business which would make a re- ties. Unless you would be p re
turn of dividends much smaller than pared in extremely dry years to lrri
in the case of an orchard. K&te to some extent it is not good
From past records, it is evident ' J"d?ment to set varieties as Newton
that it Is time we are taking a lit- riPPns an- encious on sandy soil
tie ereater interestin rpnlenishinw lana- However, wnen there is a soft
ally one-half the expense required "r, e;!;? soil underline th ton .mi.
This is""" v""" u,B.ureMras.w ,ne Uh o n;nti:aM' r
due to the fact that usuallv soils I unuea aiats- owlnS to the fnct I . . 1
in the northwest districts. This is '
that over a period of 80 years, about There will be a generation come to
every 20 years there have been j this section in time, which will be
booms, so to speak, in the matter I practical in the growing of fruits,
of setting orchards to replenish and and their management, together
take the place of orchards which with their ability to do things will
with clay sub-soil hold the maxi
mum moisture of over 38 pounds to
tho square foot, when well mulched.
So far as moisture is concerned, it
product at harvest time. t nave outllved their usefulness. This j reverse the general order of the fl
d, "JL. tW' V""cy thc nd so faT as rords sho- there
finest looking apples, with the ex
ception of the winter banann. but
are only one or two localities In
i southeastern United Stntes that are
i,o,. . . """- at present setting out new orchards
Z ml S ,T y P" r. kCCPlng or ay consequence. The bearing
.L,lnd. "a'..ct1""' to. "Mute of an orchard depreciates aftef
the world and while that docs not
lit has reached Its maximum, at the
Jnfiv .?gn , P;T" C,B7-I creator If slightly neglected and ow
Si it i. I k f ?. nC? to the that scarcely any
. 1S ,rarc'V I', ,OT lhe rea-1 orchards In the west have not
J. D. Slater had his law office In n that dealers quickly understand j reach!(, ,heir maxlnvum bearing.
LOGAN ANDERSON HOME
This phntoffTOiih Sh,,s the home r 1 ..can AmtoiM.n.
foil. OlTCOtl.
COVE SWIMMING POOL
this building and was the last per
son to leave it after the fire had
started to burn. Judg J. W.
Knowles, who was then Justice of
the peace, also had an office in the
building.
In July of the same, year fire,
which started In the old Blue Moun
tain hotel, which was located on
the corner where the Elks building
now stands, destroyed all of the
buildings on that street as far east
as the Presbyterian church, also a
one-story building where the Som
mer hotel now stands and two build
ings on the corner of Washington
and Depot, where the Modern Laun
dry is now located.
First Hotel Destroyed
The first hotel built In La Grande
the Stulta hotel was destroyed in
the first fire. Another hotel built
about the same time as the Stultz
hotel was owned by Joe Palmmcr and
R. E. Brian.
After the fires the building lo
cated at the corner of Adams avenue
and Depot street was the largest
building to be constructed In La
Grande.
The Island City Mercantile and
Milling company, which started op
erating at Island City In 1869 under
tho ownership of John Caviness and
M. Sterling one of the first flour
ing mills In the county was soon
moved to La Grande by Fred Holmes
and ot her business were moved
here. When moved to La Grande
the business was owned by the M,
& M. company.
County Seat Krtunicil
Then In 1802 the county seat was
moved back to La Grande, several
men ot the city going to Union on
Sunday and bringing the books and
court records to Ia Grande. The
present county court house, built as
a 'city hall and rented to the county
at the rate of one dollar a year,
was built that year. Th county ;
rented the building on the one- i
dollar-a-year bl for 15 years, at 1
the end of which time it was pur-!
chased from the city by the county.
Since the return of the county
seat to l-a Grande the growth of
the city has been steady, both in
population and In the siTe of the
city itself. New additions have been
made from year to year and new
buildmcs wore constructed, until to
day the city ranks among the lead
ing cities in the state or Oregon
and is the metropolis of the large
Eastern Oregon country.
nancial condition of the apple
growers. It Is hardly to be expect
ed that this class of fruit growers
will develop from the truly Ameri
can boy of today, much to our re
gret, but from a generation of peo
ple who apply themselves strictly to
their work and are very careful of
their outlay of expense while the
development is going on. While
there is some resentment at the
thought of foreign born, or children
of foreign born parents settling in
the various localities of the Pacific
Northwest, yet it occurs to me that
unless there Is a very quick change
ZP'c H,Hf0t, ?CBLM ,to "' condmons do no't
'? Lcwth hLBh.' Irrigated, cold cn aml ter Ktu
. .. , u V B PplCS' menced. It will only be a question1 In the condition of affairs, that we
while they have a place In the mar- 0 tlmc untll other-countries wllllof the Pacific Northwest may ex-
. reauuj unuersuxxi by , shipping their fruits to the Pt " major part of the future
buyers and users of the same, are Unlte( stRtcs aI1(, wc w, be , development in the fruit industry to
highly perishable and quickly go to our or that vMch holS j be done by that class of people,
decay If not consumed within a few . produc,d erc. Tjlat fact hns j With this In mind in all of our ad
da s after being taken from storage. bce born out n the decreasing 'vcrtlslng matter which may be
Moreover, the greatest profits arc acrQas.e ot swcet c,)erries grown In I broadcast from time to time. If first
not In producing the highest class , tne Unllert stat(,s an(1 now we flnd wo should ,nvltc only Americans to
ot apples. The profits come rather. , ourselvc3 snort ln tnls fruK come and help share our prosperity,
in this section, from producing the j Hcrc ln Unlon ,.ouu,v. we havc ! it would be well to keep In mind
T...m.J'PP !hC apP'c ,hat ls' many five and 10-acre tracts of land! n invitation to those who havc
with n the reach of the common thal ., Talx tllls tnltt to p,,rfec. j learned the lesson of life from the
people. They make up the bulk of i tl011 anA ,. one luves,iUg ,n a 10- j parents who may be of foreign birth,
consumers and to supply the de- I ac trnct D tnl5 frult thl5 vpar or 5et as truly American as wo that
. K. :l . i P ' next W'- ln the nfxt 10 5'eare waJie clalm no olncr distinction.
up to the fact that 10 acres of Our soil, which Is adapted to grain
: healthy, growing cherry trees, care- growing In Union county is well and
j fully tended, will be worth ln the definitely known and Is being used
.open market $10,000 or more. Cher-land farmed bv modern methods. Tn
To those who will be patient and ; rics from this locality, at smaller' day It is. seemingly, making all the
careful In growing orchards, there i prices than growers have been get- j returns that are possible. Yet we
is not another crop In Oregon soils ting during the last ten ycare, have , should bear In mind that this class
that makes as great returns per produced as high as $1000 to $1400 j of agriculture has developed ln
acre, over a period of time, as does 1 per acre, which Is probably one of ' acreage In Union county to prac
the apple, cherry and prune. The tho best profit-taking businesses ' tlcally the limit and we may not
markets covering the last 30 years that can be engaged ln. The aver- expect any greater population from
have fluctuated greatly at times, but ' age price over a period of ten years this source. Therefore, it is to be
tho average profit-taking. In three of a carefully kept orchard has dc- ' seen at a glance that to utilize prac
years out of five, has produced a I - " - ' u.- - - : - , ;
medium to large profit on tho acres
Itable than to produce a fruit so
superior ln every regard that Its
sale Is confined to the news stands,
etc.
4-11 Club Activities
Supplement County
Agricultural Project
(Continued from Page On
ThW pool li unique hi hrlng ftirnNNet! lth a riitri.t uv ,(
frrHlt warm sprint water th.il the water U romplrtrlv tu!i;rd
evrry M'icn hour ami is rlear and sKirklli.s.
Association with and partlctpattot.
in this event. We are proud of the
work which has been done by club
members of our community. We are
just a little more proud of these
line boys and girls who will some
day be better prepared and ready to
'carry on" when dad and mother
are gone.
engaged. In fact, a cherry orchard
in heavy bearing 'will produce otten
in one year what is equal to 20
years if the land is engaged In the
rotation of Grain crops.
Facta are, that lands classify
themselves into which will and will
not produce profits, due to the fact
that drainage and underlying sub
soil is the keynote to the whole sit
uat Ion. The most valuable apple
and cherry lands are the medium
sloped to even steep lands near the
base of the mountain lands with
soft sub-soils. These are t he best
fruit lands and as a rule are prac- j
tlcally worthless for growing of
grain and hay crops. ,
That Union county could become
one of the richest counties by add
ing a general setting of cherry.
prune and apple trees on the little
hillside farms is unquestioned. In
fact, we could become as great in
Union county, so far as acreage
would go, in growing of fruits a
have the districts of Wena tehee and
Yakima In th? state of Washington,
which are today the greatest apple
crowing districts in the United
Statfa. The keynote to the situa
tion Is a thorough study of land in
;he first place: second, learning the
adaptability of ,the variety to be ;
supplied: third, being very careful!
to study the methods of producing
the fruit, and last, a careful mar
keting of the fruit after it has been
produced.
The problem greatest In the cost
of production in the sections north
and west of us is that of irrigating
and the fighting of pests. These
conditions are getting more complex
as the years ito by. The orchards
of the northwest, especially west of
the mountains, require the com
mencing or spraying at the begin
ning of spring, and then a contin
uation of that same practice prac-
fillv avorv tit Hivi until th flMt
of September. This t very ex pen- ESilkSJH
GROCERIES -MEATS
QUALITY MERCHANDISE
Red & White Grocery & Market
Iudecm!eutly Owned &- 0iemted
W. J. Hulfiiiark. Prop.
Cove. Ore.
THREE HOME PRODUCTS
Three
High
Quality
Flours
frlk CRAK.
I ... . . . - v . -3
r-i i.
.1
,iiiiasi
Three
100
Home
Products
-., . -;-
if
7?
It! rNnj!f)'"A
Three Reasons For
CONFIDENCE
In This Community
The Ii Grande Milling Company is a fundamental
factor in the prosperity of La Grande and the Grande
Ronde valley, providing an important market for local
grain, and employing many local men. Home indus
tries are the biggest of all reasons for Confidence!
La Grande Milling Co.
COVE
Vacations Suggestions:
FILMS. FISHING TACKLE
MAGAZINES. CIGAKS, CIGARETTES
AND CANDIES
FULL LINE OF FIREWORKS
COVE PHARMACY
OREGON
CHICKEN DINNER 15c
SATURDAYS SUNDAYS
Ice Cream - Cold Drinks
BAILEY'S DINNER NOOK
COVE OREGON
QUALITY GROCERIES
AND MEATS
GUARANTEED MERCHANDISE
COVE QUALITY MARKET
0. M. GARDNER COVE. OREGON
COVE
SWIMMING POOL
"FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH"
Complete Change of Warm Mineral
W ater every six hours. Beautiful
icnic Ground.
" " '-
ATTENTION
CHERRY GROWERS!
of his sen-ices. ' ' WhoeVer choOMS to ke e