(&rattfl fewrtnn Oifefmr
Confidence
Edition
Section Three
Pages 1 to 8
VOLUME 30
LA GRANDE, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 22, 1932
NUMBER 253
4rH Club Activities
Supplement County
The Beautiful Wallowa Lake
Fast Developing
Nation Must Look
After Its Resources
Agricultural Project
0
O.
"1
Oregon Leads Western States in Successful
Development; County Agricultural
' Agent Active in Field
- i -. ;
Championships Won at Eastern Oregon Livestock Show
Oregon leads all the western states
In the successful development of4-H
clubs. A group of livestock club
members In Union county, Oregon,
have succeeded In holding the lead
ership In successful livestock club
work In Oregon during the past two
years. Vhis work has had an im
portant Influence on the agricultural
development of the county, 4-H
club work has had an Important part
In stimulating Increased develop
ment of dairying and livestock.
The agricultural program, of the
county has been worked out and
modified by the recommendations of
the county economic conference in
annual sessions during each of the
past eight yeairs. . Increased dairy
and livestock development with the
accompanying Increase in the grow
ing of forage crops have been the
chief' objectives and the most im
portant new developments to the
county. During the past 10 years
dairying has increased to where
three modern creameries are npw
required to manufacture the but
ter output formerly handled by one.
In livestock lines, beef cattle and
hogs show little Increase In num!
bers, but sheep have Increased al
most 600 per cent in 10 years. 4-H
club work as organized has had an
importa t part in furnishing the
seed stock for some of this develop
ment and in many cases the best
animals developed by club members
have gone directly into the hands of
farmers for use in Improving their
herds.
. As county agricultural agent,
Harry Avery has had direct charge
of livestock club work for the past
11 years, since 1021. During this
time, the work has grown from a
nucleus of one club in; 1921 in one
community to a total of 11 in 1032
located in most of the communities
of the county. Farm sheep,, , beef
cattle, dairy ' cattle and hogs, "most
of '. whleh aepurebrect 'stock,' are
grown and owned by club members.
f The club member who enrolls In
4-H club work must own his live
stock. One pig may be the total of
a new beginner's project while other
boys who have been enrolled for
several years may own as many as
40 head of registered animals. Those
boys, and a few girls, who have
been from five to 10 years in club
work have developed flocks and
small herds . which in recent years
have captured championships and
grand championships in competition
with adult breeders. In 1931 4-H
club members exhibited 200 head of
anlmalB in open classes at the ex
cellent Eastern Oregon Livestock
show held at Union, Ore., each year
In June. When all the awards were
In they had annexed one champion
ship on Hampshire sheep, one on
Jersey cattle, three on Shorthorn
cattle, one -on Chester White hogs
and two on Berkshire hogB. In 1930
Gertrude Bell of Cove, Ore,, won
grand championship honors on her
Jersey cows at the Oregon State
fair, showing' against adult breeders
who own some of the best cattlo
in Oregon and in America.
The results of this 11 years of
development of good livestock by
club members aro interwoven In the
development of Union county agri
culture. Clifford Conrad of Imbler.J
ore., tms year awarded a scnoiar
shlp in national competition by the
TntiirnnMnnnl TTnrvpstpr fiomtlftnv.
ha raised reelstered Chester White
hogs since he enrolled in club work ver- plub members have aid
In 1922. His herd has become the ed verv much ln tne "PP" of the
souce of the best stock or the Ches- Eastern Oregon Livestock show, and
ter White breed ln his home coun- "ave benefited by their
ty and in other Eastern Oregon ' (Continued on Page Four)
This large lumber mill, located
for the mn1ng and pinning of
counties. Incidentally, the predom
inating color of our hogs has
changed from black to white during
this time.
Clifford has extended hfs club
In the past two years to Include
purebred Hampshire sheep and
Shorthorn cattle and the three open
class championship awards on Short
horn cattle at the 1031 Eastern
Oregon Livestock show were won by
Clifford.
Other club members have added
to the agriculture of the c6unty by
their work. Bob Huron of Imbler
raised a registered Hampshire ram
from one of his owes which even
tually was sold into one of the best
purebred flocks in' the state. Clay
ton Fox, another sheep club mem
ber of Imbler, owns over 30 head of
registered sheep. The Daniels fam
ily, formerly of Cove, Ore.,- Includ
ing Marvin, Carmen and Jane, spe
cialized in Holstein calf ' club work
and with the help of their father
as leader, enrolled the first all pure
bred Holstein club ln Oregon. Some
of the cattle produced by these
three youngsters are now found ln a
number of Holstein herds, whore
they are being used to improve the
quality of the " herd. John and
Frances Comfctock, members of this
club, have built up a good Holstein
herd: each won a Union Pacific
scholarship and are now enrolled at
the agricultural college at Corval
lis. The four Blokland boys, of Island
Cltl, Ore., have sold from ono to
three Hereford bulls to adult breed
ers each year during the past three
years. They also specialize ln Berk
shire hogs and have maintained the
best herd of this breed in Eastern
Oregon.
Some of the boys of the J. E.
Mills and Ray Duncan families of
Cove, Ore., have been in club work
for the past five -to 10 years. A
number of Jersey 'cattle owners are
using stock produced from! the cat
tle owned by these club members.
The first cow ln the Union County
Cow Testing ' association to make
over 600 pounds of fat ln one year
was Molly, a registered Jersey which
Oordon Mills purchased as a calf
in 1022 when he began his club
work.
Four purebred herds of dairy cat
tle, three purebred flocks of sheep,
one purebred herd of beef cattle,
and at least two herds of purebred
hogs owe their inception to the fact
that some of the boys or girls of
the family enrolled ln and were
successful ln their work as mem
bers of a 4-H club.
Results at the 1932 Eastern Ore
gon Livestock show) Indicate that
club members are rating Just a lit
tle higher than last year. Clifford
Ccnrad won three of the open class
championships on Shorthorns. Ro
berta Bell won two of the open class
championships on Jerseys. Troy and
Robert Becker showed a herd of 11
Ho Is te ins and won grand champion
ship honors on their bull, All sheep
championships and all hog cham
pionships In all breeds with one ex
ception were won by 4-H club mem
bers. '
Livestock club work has been of
great value to Union county ln the
good stock distributed as a result
of the work. Union county has al
ways been known as the banner
county of Oregon for good livestock
I ana her clalm now 18 more Becurc
BOWMAN-HICKS LUMBER
4!'
- i ' - '
on the northern llm Its of the city of
lumber, end when running at mil
several lin ndrrd men.
ISM, ?
For the lover-of outdoor recreation, Wallowa Lake is a perpetual delight : Located on the edge of Wallowa Na
tional forest, it is a perfect example of a glacier lake. Attractive hotel and cabin accommodations are available,
and there is no end of fishing and camping spots, mountain streams and lakes, towering, snow-capped peaks and
deep canyons, and hundreds of square miles of primeval forests within easy hiking or riding distance.
La Grande Neighborhood Club Was
One Of The Pioneer Organizations
Of Its Type In The State of Oregon
The growth ' of the . La Grande !
Neighborhood club and the. work
it ."has accomplished th . 'the jtt
years of its organization proves not
only the growth of the city during
that number of years, but shows the ,
progress iveness of the women of the j
city and their desire to make La
Grande the most beautiful and best
city in which to make a home.
This organization was started as a
Neighborhood club, In the literal
meaning of the word. Just 38 years
ago by a small group of La Grande
women, but since that time has ex
panded to such an extent that It Is
not only an asset to La Grande, but
to the entire Union county.
One of Pioneers
The Neighborhood club was one of
the first clubs of Its kind In the
state. When the State and Goneral
Federations of Women's clubs were
organized, the La Grande club wbb
among the first to give Its hearty
co-operation and delegates attended
the first state federation meeting
held In Portland.
Mrs. Jessie L. Cavana, a woman of
vast experience and intellect, was
the first president of the local club,
and under her guidance the organ
ization began a career founded upon
firm principles. The traditions of
these early beginnings have been
kept alive up to the present time.
Self Improvement" satisfied the
group for a time but there came an
urgo to go out, to explore the work
being done by women, "to strive to
touch and know the great common
women's heart for us all" and so
application for membership to the
General Federation of Clubs was
made. This membership was grant-
MILL
V
r
I-e (Ira tide, Is completely equipped
rapacity rurnl.hr employment for
H
i: Al'
s " .-'.vt
11 i'l,V
jri!. ',5 i)-
M
t.V
ed: In the year 1800, making the
cju,b. pno jpf the tflrst of Oregon ,to
receive' this hohof .'
, . Charter Member
. When the stole federation was or
ganized In 1800 the local club be
came a charter member. Many of
Its members have served and arc
serving as officers of the state Or
ganization. Others have served ln
important positions of the . general
federation.
A marked change came in the life
of the club when It was permitted
the use of the commercial club
rooms for a meeting place for its
regular meetings. The membership
was no longer limited and a desire
was created to unite forces with this
civic organization for the better
ment of the city and community.
The civic work of the club, which
haa played so great a part all
through the years dates from this
time.
No club year pasficd without some
civic undertaking. One of the out
standing accomplishments was the
planting of 300 Norway maple trees
along tho Victory way, leading, to
Riverside park, as a memorial to the
heroes of the World war.
During tho - war the club was
ready to respond to the great need
of the time and all else was set
aside for Red Cross and home serv
ice work.
Sponsors Flower Show
Tho annual flower show and spe
cial meetings to discuss gardens and
homes have done much toward en
couraging the people of La Grande
to beautify their homes and by
planting flowers, trees and shrubs.
Music, art and dramatics have all
been featured by the club. ; Many
of tho best American plays have
been staged with satisfactory re
sults.
Art Drpiiriinent
The art department, which meets
regularly for the study of art, has
also done excellent work. The out
standing feature of this division has
been the fostering of "circulating
picture library" which originated
with Mrs. E. P. Mossmnn, chairman
of the art division for the Oregon
federation, and who Is largely re
sponsible for the promotion of art
In La Grande. Hundreds of dm
dren have felt cultural Influence of
real art masterpieces since the In
troduction of the picture library.
Two Conventions
On occasions the local club has
been hostess to club women from
nil over the state of Oregon, when
the Oregon federation held its an
nual convention hem. The first club
convention ln ba Grande was ln
1008. It was at this meeting that
tho scholarship loan fund was con-
eelved and perfected.
Tho second convention of the
Oregon federation held here was In
1020 when hundreds of club women
assembled hero for their annual
meeting and were entertained by the
local club women. Tills meeting was
marked down as one of the best
conventions ln the history of the
Oregon federation.
From a membership of five tho
club has grown until at present there
are about 300 members, working for
the betterment of the city, commu
nity, state nnd nation and the ad
vancement of their organization.
A
EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF
LA GRANDE IS RECALLED
BY PIONEER SETTLERS
That La Grande's first store- was
nothing more than a dugout In the
lilde ot4h mountalhJfl rovealed by
pioneers, who-jiow .look back over
the 65 years of existence of tho city
and note tho progress made In that
length of time.
For lack of a building to put them
ln the first general store provisions.
whlch, constated of brown Manila
sugar, coffee, large quantities of
syrup ln five-gallon kegs and other
staple things, brought to La Grande
ln the fall of 1862. by a man named
Edward B. Patterson, were stored In
a dugout ln the side of tho hill at
t.h h.firi nf whnt. war intur null mi A
avenue, close to where the Cran-
dell place now stands in Old Town.
The provisions were kept ln the
dugout during the entire winter,
and ln the spring Mr. Patterson put
up the first store building ln the
bu lt on O avenue, block 2. In Old
Town, which was ooated along the
trail and wns tho only town here.
. ........ L '.. .... .. .
tnero Doing noimng au an wnoro me
main city of La Grande now stand.
Mr. Patterson also built tho first
plank . houso ln La Grando during ,
fl nvfimm Thin wns nnt fchn riml,
houso to be' constructed ln La
Grande, however.
Hen Hrnwu'8 Inn
sen "roH,ls
Ben Brown put up a log house ln
tuo iuii ui looi. wihui wiib unuu
an inn or hotl lor travelers pass- ln lho eorly .7(r8 many of lho
ing along the trail, but tho very buddings on the south side of C avo
flrst log building here was built ln nuo wcro wlped out by nr0( anU
1853. according to Henrv Drav. who I rnu..nf
tells of passing through hero ln that
year with his father and seeing a
small log shack along the creek ln
Old Town, which was probably built
by early traders for protection
n Kill nst the Indians. The building
had no windows, Indicating that It
was constructed for protection.
Mr. Patterson had been hero ln
tho fall of 1861 and hod made ar
rangements for bringing his family
here In '02 and sending his teams
on through to The Dalles for tho
provisions. Two trips were made be
tween hero nnd Tho Dalles after
tho provisions, which were sold to
miners and early settlers who passed
through La Grande, which served as
a halfway place and stopping place
between tho mines In Idaho and
Walla Walla, Wash.
In tho year 1804 Mr. Patterson
constructed the first two-story plank
house here.
In the year 1807 or '08. Mr. Pat
terson sold his store to Mose Enrich
and went back to Vermont, return
ing a few years later to California.
Tho very earliest settlers here did
not make their homes where La
Grande now stands, but Instead
lived in little groups In the vicinity
whero Mt. Glen is now located,
whero an old log fort had been con-
I st"jciu ior prurcuun .
and '62 there were 12 men, seven ,
children and two women at the fort.
When Mr. Patterson came hero,
two men, Green Arnold and Don j
Chaplin, were surveying and staking!
out tho town or La uranae. ins two
main streets of which were B and
O avenues, B being right on tho Old
Oregon Trail and the route which
all emigrants took when passing
through this way. Tho trail went
almost directly west from La
Grande, leading up over tho hill,
rather than following the canyon.
Other BimlnfKs Place
As more people began to settle
here In the spring of 1802 other
business places were opened, among
cnem neing tne. jirsn saw mui; wnicn
was built by ,a,.mii,4innied Fox on
tho hill whloh was later named for
him. This mill was . afterwards
moved to Orodell whoro It operated
for some time, and furnished lum
ber for many of the pioneer bulld-
1 lngs in
The second general store was
opened by S. M. Bloch ln the year
'62 or '63. It was located ln a log
house on the south sldo of B ave
nue along the Old Oregon Trail,
'and J"st afit of thG creok wnlch
runs, through Old Town. Sometime
afterwards Mr. Bloch put up a plank
ato building on tho north side of
what Is now Cedar street, which was
used for several years.
For a few years after tho first
store was opened hero tho growth
j f' tho town was rnpld and In 1866
th0 w n,"d0 wns " lBlr'
' slz!d , "? thr',n8 ,v"ln0' h"v'"K
several nlaccs of business. C avenue
, , , fc
T",, bullt rf wo
I 1,0 "cck a ,,d for mor.?Jt',1 1
UltJWWIUU UU lJIU liunii Dlliu ui vi iv
creek, most of the buildings being
Ptvn,C'
Period of Desert Ion
' Then came tho porlod whon La
I Grando was practically deserted,
mimv of thn neonle lonvlntr here and
rUHn.nff to the nearby mines In Ba-
Rer county in hopes of finding gold
For Bevemi years La Grando was
at a standstill and going down hill
rather than progressing. Even Island
(Continued on Page Pourr
The mnyan or the (Iniiiilc Itonde rlvrr, went of l-a (inuide, rrm nciine of tho fluent nifiiery In the state.
Tlio Old' Oregon Trail, a wide and snHxith oiled nuieudam hlitlimiy, follow nloiiR lho rouwo of the river
for nevernl iiillrn on the wny over the lilue Mountain to l'emllctun. The liles of the canyon ore covered
with liiviiilniK vegetation, eeclnlly In Hie irlnf, nnd provide nuiny lieniilirul imnoramas.
Nation's Industries Have Drawn Recklessly
Upon Nature's Storehouses,
Lands and Forests
50 to 100 Years Needed
The American nntton has dovel- lzatlori from the Atlantlo coast to
oped to such a degree that at last the Mississippi, the one great ex
those who are concerned with the pendlture of human energy In win
future of the country are forced to ; nlng the way was ln conquering the
give serious consideration to the use ' forests. In felling the trees, burning1
of thp nation's natural resources. all except what was needed for lm
Thls country has become great large- mediate use, and clearing the ground
ly because nature placed within Its for cultivation.
limits a vast storehouse of materials These two centuries of forest de
pecullarly BUlted to man's use. This atruotlon explain the development of
supply has been drawn upon reck- j that peculiar American mental attl
lessly. No real thought has been , tude that a forest tree is of small
Riven to wise use or to the longest ,
use of those resources which, from j
tne very nature or tne case, coum not of the Individual regardless of own
be renewed. Little consideration has . ershlp. To change this mental attl-
been bestowed upon the wise use
of - those resources which, like the
land, are capable of perpetual em
ployment, or of the forests, which
may be Indefinitely renewed.
Public landB suited to agriculture
are' no longer available. There are
no longer on the public 'domain.
valuable stands of timber open to
acquisition by private citizens. The
needs of a growing population have
forcer all the better grades of agrl-Jfew
cultural land Into private ownership
and Into tillage. The most valuable
timber has either been harvested to
meet the requirements of Industry,
or It has passed Into the hands of
owners who must soon market It In
order to protect the investment which
they have In it.
The nation has come squarely up
to the problem of land use. Its con
tinued and Increasing greatness can
only be guaranteed by better use of
the land ln all those ways in which
It can be mado to serve man's needs.
The two principal Uses to wnlch land
can be put are agrlculturo and
eatry. Tremendous strides have been
made ln scientific agriculture ln the
past half-century. Millions ln money
have beon expended ln this field,
and thousands of trained men have
rendered splendid service tn solving
the problems of soil productiveness. tween regions, in other words, this
Thejfuftito food' supply of a nafctonaivtsion thto .regtohal areas Is large
twice as populous as the present, . ly for the purpose of com uiUeilsV 'm'
seems assured. A future wood sup-
pin, adequate for tho needs of the . stood that ln certain of these regions .
great nation which Is destined to be. much of the timber has been' re
is not assured. moved to clear the land for cultlva
The serious factor ln the forestry j tlon, or else to supply the demands .
problem becomes evident when it is (for lumber ln the Industries. , .
stated that a tlmbor crop requires
from fifty to one hundred years for
maturity. When to this statement j
it added the assertions that this na- j
tlon Is using timber four times as
fast as It is being produced: that by I
far the greater portion of the orlg- I
inal stand of timber has been re- i
moved; and that ln spite of substt
tutes for wood, the annual rate of
tlmber consumption does not de-
crease, the scrlousnccs of the for-1
estry problem becomes Increasingly
elear, A brief consideration of the
progress of forest removal will aid
ln making clear Orogon's position ln
tho forestry picture of tho country.
History of Forest Depletion
When tho first Bottlers landed up
on the Atlantic soaboard, thoy found
themselves confronted by what ap
peared to be an unbroken wilderness.
As far as thoy woro concerned, It was
a limitless forest. It was forbidding
and threatening. Beyond the borders
of the wilderness lurked wild beasts
and savage men. Added to thlB the
trees combcrcd tho tillable soil from
which the settlers must derive their
food. Thus tho forest was a real foe
to their existence. That the forest
supplied logs for their cabins, rails
for tholr fences, and fuol for their
fires was purely Incidental ln tho
conquest of the land for tillage. Dur
ing moro than tho two centuries re
quired to make the march of clvll-
GRANDE RONDE CANYON
to Grow Timber Crop
Importance, and that the forest Is
to be used or abused at the pleasure
tude, ln part only, has required mors
than thirty years of untiring effort
on the port of those who have ac
quired an understanding of the eco
nomic significance of the forest re
sources to the future of the nation.
Material progress has been made. The
word "forestry" Is no longer a strong -
er to tho Amlerloon people. There is
Federal Forest Service; many states
have forestry organisations, and a
forward-looking private owners
( are beginning to think In terms of
repeated timber crops. .
Before the settler's ax had begun
the removal of the forest to prepare
the way for fertile fields, there was
a forested area tn the United States
of about 850,000,000 acres. This vast
timbered area has been reduced to
less than 463,000,000 acres. More than
half of thlB remaining area has been
culled, or Is unproductive. In ft
rough way there are five great forest
regions In the United States. This
separation of the original forested
, areas of the United States Into re-
lor-lgiona is based largely upon dlstlhc
tlons of topography and upon the
dominant species within the respec
tive regions. It should be understood
that certain species of trees appear
in more than one region, and that
! there Is ho sharp dividing line be-
description. It should also be under
Tho Northern forests cover tho
northern portion of the Great Lakes
region. Now York,-Pennsylvania and
New England. The white pine is the
one tree quite generally distributed
over this area. The eastern species
of spruce, fir, hemlock, and cedar
are among the commercially import-
ant trees while hardwoods form a de
cided mixture with the conifers In
many places, especially ln the south
ern portions of the region.
The Southern forests extend from
Maryland along tho coast to Texas,
occupying the larger portion of each
of tho Gulf states, with the excep
tion of Texas, the eastern portion
only of this state bolng forested, Tho
characteristic trees of the southern ;
forest region aro tho smll group
from which tho famous southern yel
low plno Is obtained.
Tho major portion of the Central
Hardwood region lies ln tho Ohio
valioy, though broad arms extend .
along tho Appalachian mountains,
down Into Arkansas, and up Into
Minnesota. This region is tho homo
of the most valuable broad-leaf tim
ber trees ln the world. In this area
grew the white oak, famous la fur
niture manufacture, black walnut,
the hlckoricB, maples, ashes, chest
nuts and others of less Importance.
Tho Rocky mountain region, as the
name Indicates, covers roughly the
(Continued on Page Three)
twill
t 1