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TFESPAY. JANTAPY 21. 1910.
'.FIVE
;V
MdADOO'S REPORT ON
THE RAILROADS
So Much Interest. Not Only by Railroad Officials' and EapioyeV but
by All Citizens, Attaches tothe Future Handling of Transportation '
Lines 'Ihat The Observer Herewith Print the Reports on Rail
roads Made by Hon. W. G, McAdoo, Th. Report Is Long and
Will Appear in Daily Installments, Giving Every Observer Reader
a Chance to Study Carefully the Contents of a Document Which '
Promises to Have Deep Bearing on Our Country's Future.
(Continued from Monday)
l00- . lies 'after a year of war and two
The participation of' America in ,yeafs of rising prices. And each dol
tho European war, with the cons-lr now (the report was made April
fluent attortarte in man-power avail
able In this country and the Increase
in tliu cost of living, has made the
railroad labor problem a difficult one
during the past year. However, the
greufbulk of railroad labor has dem
onstrated a fino spirtt of patriotism
; and 1ms co-operaed heartily with the
government. The labor troubles
which were facing tlio railroads
when they wont under government
control were practically all eliminl
natcd, and, with a few exceptions,
' there has been quiet in the railroad
labor world -dining the last twelve
months.
In order to plaoe railroad lnhor
upon a living wage and provide fail
working conditions an Investigation
into labor conditions on the rail
roads was begun immediately after
the carriers wore taken by the gov
ernment,' with the result that many
reforms in working conditions, de
creases In the hour3 of labor and in
creases in tlio rates of pay have re
sulted. These investigations have
beon continued since thej machinery
waa set up for the thorough Inves
tigation and Tearing of all grievance
and representations about wagos and
working conditions. This machin
ery generally has recognized tho so-
called "bi-partisan'.'
equal representation
and employee on boards. Decisions, j '"is " "ad tho effect or many
however, have alwnys boon made by ;rallroud employees joining labor un
tho Diicctor Goacral, since ho u jions who previously were not afflli
ohargod with that responsibility a 111011 wltli them- Al 1118 "' U
the olilof representative of the gov-!ey111' consideration has been shown
eminent. A director of labor was - employees who wore not members of
appointed in the person of W. S. Car- 'unions and Individual employees
tor, president of tho Brotherhood ot!lla.Ve ben llKlrll on an equality with
Railway Engineers and Firemen, irepresntatlves of tho unions. The
who-was placed on an equal footing : principle of the eight hour day was
with the heads of oth.er divisions.
Tho critical labr conditions are
BtriKingiy Drought cut In tile report
of the Railroad Wago Commission,
composed of Honorable Franklin K.
Lane, Sucretary of the Interior;
Charles C. MuChord, William K. Wil
cox, and J. Harry Covington, ap
pointed January 18, 1018, to "make
a general investigation of tho com
pensation of persons in railroad ser
vice, tho relation :f railroad wages
to wages in other Industries, tlio con
ditions respecting waives In different
parts of the country,
tho Bni'cittI
emergency respecting wages which
exists at this time, owing to war
conditions and high oost of living,
as well as the relation botween dif
ferent classes of railroad labor." .
This commission heard represen
tatives of every class of ciuployous,
railroad official and exports on the
subject and examined hundreds ot
written statements and personal lel
tors from employees. The requests
presented to the commission for!
wane increases, if granted, would
have involved an oullay of something
over one billion dollars per year in
excess of wages paid in 1917. In Its
report the commission, after recit
ing tho various dsriands for wages
made by railroad labor in 191B and
1917 and reviewing increases glvon
by tho railroads under private con
trol, said:
"But these advances were not in
any way uniform, eilber as to em
ployments, or as to amounts, or -as to
roads, so that one Class of labor ben
efited much more than another on
the samo rood, and as between
roads, there was '.he greatest diver
ponce. The situation has been dealt
. with as pressure made necessary, and
' naturally those who, by organization
or through force of competition,
could exert most pressure fared
host. Things came to a head just
before the government took over the
railroads. Another three months of
private management and wo would
have seen much more extensive con
cessions In wftiges. or there would
have followed- an unfortunate ser
ies of labor dlsutrbances. The gov
ernment therefore has now to meet '
whnt would have come about in the
natural cours?.
"Indeed! tbe patience oftthe men
was onlv allayed, after government
intervention, by the assurance that ,
the matter of wisca would be
promptly taken .np and that the
awirded Increases would be retroac
tive ns of January 1st of this year."
life commisslon'also said:
"It has been a tomewhat popular
lhipression. mat railroad employees
were amone the most hichly paid
workers. Tmt fieures. gathered from
Ifco rallronrts dispose of tflls belief:
51 percent of all employees during
.December, !v17. received ,175 per
month or less, and SO per cent re
ceived fl00 per month or less. ben
among the locomot.ve englneen
ron.only spoken of as hlchly paid
a ,,.tonder.iting rumber received
less tlnn M70 P"r n""'th. and this
w,n,pen.tion they h.ve obtained by
the most compact and con.BMe orga
.,.., handled with a full appre-
. ..' -11 ..Vmreilc val'ifln. He
tween the gib receiving from
tna to tzr per month, there. I
cluded 1 than 3 per cent alt V
employer, (ending officials) a.,4
.ft.se awraie k than M$
a ouT of "tota. gf S-
00"Te,t 1 tcbe n?M. .re nof
:.. pre-war feO '"eU!at
30, 1918) represents In Its power to
purchase a place In which to live,
food to eat, and clothes to wear,
but 71 cents as against the 100 cents
of January 1, 1916."
Wages
Wage Increasc-s granted during
the year are estlmlad to aggregate
betwoen IciOO.OOO.OoO and J70U.-
000,000 per annum and in a largo
purt wore retroactive from Jan. 1.
IMS. These wages were fixed not
upon the theory that the railroads,
n permanent Industry, should com
pute in prices for puid labor with tlio
transcient war industries, many of
which paid very high wages in onlor
to attriact labor. Rather the effort was
made to find a Just and equitable ba
sis which would outlive tlio war and
which would give a living wago and
decent working condition to every
railroad employee. Efforts hnve been
made to eliminate Inequality, and,
while this work has not been fin
ished, it has been chiefly done.
Conditions of Employment
On February 21 General Ordor No
8 was Issued, containing among
other things,. -the following-: '
"No discrimination will bo made
in the employment, retention, or con
ditions of- employment of employees
principle ufiecauso or memnonmip or non-mem-of
eiiiployer-berslilp.Q lubon organizations."
recognizee) early ami siroiiginenea
whenever possible.
Special efforts havi been made to
better the working conditions of the
women in railroad service, and a
special Woman's. Section was estab
lished in the -labor division to investi
gate conditions surrounding women
so employed and apply remedies
whore unfavorable conditions Vere
found to oxist. In . General Order
No. 27 it was ordered that:
"When women aro employed tho
working conditions must be hoalth-
fl n,l fiH.,.1 In tVw.l,. ' nnn,la Tim
jaws enacted for the government of
their employment must be observed
and tboir pay, wnen they do tbe
sanio cluss of work aa men, shall be
the same as that of men.'
In the same ordur it was provided
Ihat where negroes performed tho
same servico as whites,, they should
receive tho saiue pay as whites.
Jwibor Shortage
The necessity for manning- the
American Military railways In
! France with trained American rail
way men, and the induction into
other branches of the Army and
Navy through voluntary enlistments
or through tho draft, of- many rail
road employees, udded to the diffi
culties throughout the year, since nt
no time in the history of tbe Ameri
can railroads has there been a great
er need for trained and skilled rail
way help than during the war period.
This difficulty was greatly increased
Fresh Eggs
60c per dozen
HAVE YOU TRIED THOSE DIXIE DOUGHNUTS?
Columbia Boiled Ham,
Dried Beef
Try Swanrr's .Salad Dressing vith your ntxt
order.
.
No Charge
Phone
j: g:. snodgrass
by tlio influenza epidemic during the
lfttt ha of the year, which very ser
iously Interfered with the operation
of Ae railroads f!W several months.
KvHmllfuivs for Capital Account m
On February 3 ID IS, all lines un
uer federal control were directed, to
prepare and send In budgets of Im
provements inimediuti ly required to
increase cupacity and efficieipcy and
to promote safely in operatipas:. and
In the 4etlor of Instructions the fol
lowing policy was prescribed:
In determining wh.it additions and
botterments, lucludtirg' equipment,
imd what road extensions should be
hiwtari nu naMomrv nnil U'lmt wnrk
'already entered upon should be sua- j
pended, please bo guided by the fol-
lowing general principles. IV
(a) From the flnanclnl standpoint
it Is highly important to avoid the
1 necessity for raising any new cupital I
I which Is not absolutely necessary for
ithe protection and development of I
j the requlied transportation facilities
to meet the present end prospective
needs of tho country's business under
war conditions. From the suind-
i point of tho available supply of luhor
ind material, it Is likewise highly
Important tnnt tnis supply suau noi
bo absorbed excopt for the necessary
purpuses mentioned in the preceding
sonteuce.
(To he continued)
Frencli Army's
Tremendous Loss
3,000,000 soldiers of, Franco,
about one-half the entire army, have
been killed or seriously wounded, ac
cording to Andre Tnrdle, French
high commissioner to the United
Slates. Tills enormous sacrlflco for
liberty Is larger than any other coun
try. America owes France n huge
debt of gratitude, not only for this,
but .also for tlio discovery by her
peasants of a perfect reniody for
stomach, liver and Intestinal ailments
alleviated
prevented ;
which iR reported to have
Incalucuablo suffering.
many surgical opeiailons and saved'
Geo. H. Mnyr, for many years leading !
Chicago chemist, imports tho lngred-
louts and sells this remedy in Amur
Ira, under tbe name of Mayr's Won-1
durful Remedy. It s u simple, harm
loss preparation that removes the
carrhal iiiuous from the Intestinal
tract and allays the inflammation
which causes practically all stomach,
liver and intestinal ailments, includ -
lug appendicitis. One dose will
vlnco or money refunded Adv.
For Sale by all Druggists.
: -
HOUSES r.fS I KA'l
The following listed horses hnve
beon missing from my pnsture sin c
about October.'and information con
cerning' them is sought:
Sorrel mare, two years old, vhite in
ifnee; black gelding, two years old,
I white hind foot-, bny mare, one yenr
I old, small stripe in face; black, geld
ing, one year old, face and two hind
feet white; sorrol gelding, one yeur
old, small stripe in face and white on
hind feet; bay gelding, yearling, dirty
gray gelding, yearling; dirty graylljJfj
mure, yearling. All these animals
boar tho ox bow brand on the right
shoulder. Please notify
HARRY SCHWEBKK,
1-20-G i La Grande, Ore.
ANNOUNCEMENT
I wish to announce to the public
that I have purchased tho Oregon ho
tel, 10 Depot street and will conduct
it in connection with the Darland
Apts., and it will be known as 'the
Dnrlund hotel. Tho rooms will bo
newly renovated and made as attrac
tive and pleasant as possible. Steam.
heated. Two apartments for light
housekeeping will be furnished. Spc
ciul rates on rooms by the week oi l
month will be made for a short time.
Those interested cull and see them.
1-13-tf H. C. LAWYER.
Cream Brick Cheese, and
Fresh Today.
for. Delivery
Main 43
The soda water fountaio nt Silver
thorns is ling a nice business in
hot and cold drinks. Also hut tamales,
uschahules, ohil con came. 1-ltt-tf
FAMILY DRUCJ STORK
,A aRAND(,OKa'ON,
Y,M. C. A.
Educational Department. Short
hand and typewriting. Day 'classes,
U);00 a, m. to 3:81) p. m. Night
slasses 7:30 p. m. to 0:!0 p. m.
J r ! 'V 4" !
Publio AocountanL !
Income Tax Advisor. J
T
J. 614 Main St., Pendleton, Oregon !
!
H Cooperative
m Up-Building
(P "Competitive an
niliilatitm" is an
M apt dost'i'iptton. ol
3B
tho irvcat war. It's
a samo tho Raise p ig
stai'totl
proved
n rig.
lint it ife
l)ii(.in.er-
?j8 '
cW
ill I.IIV- !V
era wliich is liefurn KC
j QJ
j
con-.fjJ
iirf
US.
Th is institution
stands for co-opera-
tioii with business
enterprises as well
as individuals.
United States jf
National -
Bank U
fit.
La Grande, Ore. fi
&(3litfc" is suP-'rir to
any other fror.t law corset,
I'or without the Vcn&h
features no cors:t can jio.s
silily be just as good. It
contains tJic master touch of
.scientific construction.
' You do not sacrifice com-
" i '
fort for stvlc and you do not
sacrifice tstylu for comfort
w hen you wear
1 .
complete, lii olwaffi on
kindiii'ict'J nt $2.50 ujj.'
Mrs. Robt. Pattison
CoietierK ('
Mote Red 'J&i Kcs..l702
r..b- MtrroV
sap
Co-operative lip-
t... li
fe '" the national
a n d internal ional rs
im ..,.. ;ti,, w
Te Observer's
FOR sale
FOR 8AI.K 16-Inch yellow pine
wood, per cord delivered. .Phone
Red 1022. 1-20-titp
EGGS FOR HATCHING Krom pure
bred Huff Wyandottes. Prize win
ners. Heavy layers. Choice table
' fowls." $2.00 for 13 eggs. Ira R.
Aldrich, 707 Fourth street. 1-20-2-tt
FOR SALE That monument you
want for Decoration day is ready
for immediato delivery, B. M. M.
& G. Co., 1502 S avenue. 1-17-tf
FOR SALE Household, furniture. In
quire U.04 -Sixth street or phonu
llluck 1901. . . 1-20-atp
FOR SALE U cords ot wood. In
quire La Grande Pharmacy. 1-14-tf
FOR SALE That monument you
want Decoration day for immediate
delivery, li. M. M, 4 G. Co., 150:
S avenue. '1-17-tf
FOR SALE White Leghorn cocks
Lancuril strain. Ethel Kerns, AH.
ecl P. O., phone Cove, Ore. l-18-3tp
W A NTKD Miscellaneous.
HOUSK WANTED Three or four
roomed bouse, ftirnlshod, wanted
Immediately for peumanent rent,
If possible. Must be close In
modern, and on south sldo of
tracks. Phone Sllverthorn's Drug
. Sloro. 1-20-tf.
I WANTED At once chambermaid at
Grande Rondo Valley house. $10
week and dinner, 1-20-tf
WANTED Plain sewing, Mrs. Nor-'
nm Webb, 1105 0 avenue. l-20-12tp
WANTED For ash hauling or clean
ing up. Call Rcd-3551. l-20-2tp
WANTED TO RENT Modern house,
close in,, cither furnished or unfur
nished, wanted at once. Phone Mur
211. Dave Stoddard. 1-17-tf
WANTED Five-horse electric motor.
B. M. M. G. Co., 1502 S avenue.
1-17-tf
WANTED Maid at Foley Hotel.
1-18-tf
WANTED Private searotnry. Must
bo good stenographer. Hot Lake
Sanitarium. 1-18-tf
I'OU KKiNI
FOR RENT Modern two-room fur
nished house. Phono Blnck 3002.
1-10-lf
FOR ' RBNT.r- I'urnlshod rooma
Phone Hod . 3171. 11-29-tf.
FOR RENT Furnished housekeeping
rnomi. Cnll Black 831. 1-14-tf
betcha!
"The more a man
knows about genu
ine tobacco, ihe
surer he is to sec
the value of Real.
Gravely in compar
ison wilt ordiuai-y
Pzyton Brand
REAL CHEWING PLUG
Plug packed in pouch
Mr. Business Man-
As a matter iof economy you
should -consult ther. Obser
ver's Jpb Department before
placing yotir, printing-we"
are sa'tisfyirig LarCrandejs .
"leading f fpms put us on.
your calling list, f hone Main
37. OnlyHighclass Pointers
- i lit?-' n
aremRloyeu.
Classified Ads.
VOH ItKN'i"
FOR RENT Steam heated rooms.
Special rate. Dnrlund hotcl for
merly the Oregon hotel, 10 De
pot street, under new manage
ment. It. Cr Lawyer. 1-13-tf
FOR RENT Nlco eosey rooms from
$12 up. 1510 Adams. Pheno
H3901. 1'18-tf
LOST AND FOUND
FPUXD Lady's pockctbook. Owner
can have same by paying for ad
and describing contents. Call 1410
Washington nvenite. l-20-:Rp
LOST Hlack seal muff left in staiion
this morning. Phono M-37. Row.r.d.
l-20-5t
LOST OR STOLEN Lincoln t,!cyde
with green frame. Notify J. D.
Lynch. 1-10-tf
'OUND Newfoundland pup. Owner
can havo it by paying fur ad. Call
Observer. 1-13-tf
LOST Two-year-old bay colt branded
wiUi C W and bar on right shoulder.
Reward. Farmers 25x, II, R. Mc
Kcnnon. 1-lfi-tf
LOST Hunch of keys hutween post-
oltice and depot yesterday. Please
inform J. R. Oliver. 1-14-tf
YOUNG MEN 10 and over, ore eligi
ble for government railway mail
clerks. $02 month. Examinations
soon. For free particulars, write
J. C. Leonard (former civil service
examiner), 008 Kenois buildtmr,
Washington, 1). C. l-20-2tp
PAT HARRISON
Congressman Pat Harrison will
succeed Vardaman aa sonator from
Mississippi.
Observer ads nre widely read.
Good tnsfo, smaller
chew, longer life is
what makes Genuine
Gravely cost less to
chew than orilinury
plug.
Wrllt to:
GENtiiNP. Gravely
IMNVII.I.H, VA.
for bovklci on chewing plufx.
MONEY TO LOAN. ,
On Improved real property in
Union county. No delays. Current
ales. La Grande Investment Co.
Professional Directory
4
ATTORNEYS
COCIIRAN ft EBBKHARt? Oeo. T.
Cochran and Colon R. Eberhard,
Attorney). La Grand National
Bank Building,
R. J. GREEN, Attorney at Law
Practice In all state and federal
courts. Office La Grande National
Bank Building.
CRAWFORD BAKIMr-T. H. Craw
ford and Robert B. Ratio, Attor
neys a law. Practice In all the
courts of the state and the United
States. Office, Weat-Jacobaon
Bldg., roonia 1-10-17, La Orande,
Oregon,
AKCIlITBCTn
0. HJ.. MILLER -Architect, room (7,
Now Foley Bldg. Phone Red 1871.
OSTKOPATHIO.
DR. MARGARET INGLE, Osteopath!;
Physician bpecinlulng in diseases
of women and children. Houra 10
to 12 a. m., 1 to U p. m., nnd by ap
pointment. Phonos Office Red 1701,
residence, Black 1231. 37 New Foley
building..
VUTHItlMAOT
DR. H. W. RILEY Graduate Veter-
InlrKn. Hospital, 1409 Madlioi
Ai.a. 8tata tjtalllon Inspector and
lnsvector of stock for shipment
Home Independeut Phone, Black
41; Farmers Co-operative Phone,
Main Hi.
IIIU'CA'IKINAI,
RKME.MIlElt GOODINO COI.LEOB,
Gooding, Idaho. Pratlo.il busi
ness courses, rovlow Biibjects,
regular college , work and sum
mar school. 12-1 9-tf
i . Fraternal Directory.
J
VOODMEN OF THE WORLD La
Oran.de Camp No. Ki9 meets every
first and third Monday at Eaglea
nail. All visiting neighbors wel
come. Dues payable at tho otf'cn
of the clork, Now Foley Bldg., U
m to 6 p. m.
J. J. MORCHIflON, 0. C
R. J. KITCHEN. Clsrlr
iODEHil WOODMEN OF AMERICA
La Grande Camp No..7703 moets
on the first and third Thursday
evenings ot each month In tbe K.
of P. Ball, Visiting neighbors
wolcoina. '
li. J. MINnALL, V. o.
W. F. ASHMAN, Clerk
0. E. 8. Hope Chapter No. IS, O. E.
B. holds stated communlcatlona the
second and fourth Wednesday of
each month. Visiting members cor
dially welcomed.
SADIE E. OIVHN, W. M.
MART A. WAF.N10K.Hefl.
K. of L. or Security ML Emily
Council, No. 246, meets the second
and fourth Monday evening at 8
0'c.lock at Eagle hall. Visiting
members are welcome.
ABE HARRIS, Fin 1. Beo.
J, K. FITZGERALD, Pres.
A. F. A. M. La Orande Lodge No.
41, A. F. ft A. M. holds regular
meetings first and third Saturday
at 7:30 p. m. Cord'al welcome to
all Maaous.
ROBERT S. EAKIN, W. M.
a, c. Williams, hoc.
F. 0. EAGLES, AERIE NO, 2.r.9.
Meet every Fridny night, nt Kuglcs '
Hall. Visiting members welcome.
' , J. F. STACKY, w. r.
LKK HELLlNtlKR. Secretary
RKIIKK.AHH Crystal VuAg lo. 60
meets evory Tuesday evening In tho
I. O. O. F. Hall. All visiting mem
bers are Invited to attend.
ROSA OI.AS.1. .NO.
LUCIA II A LKV, Rec. Bee.
. O. O. M. La Orande Lor go No.
850, Loyal Order of Mnoso holds
regular meetings every Wednoaday
night at 8 p. m. In Eaglo Hall neit
to Elks' Rldg. on Washington Ave.
VIhIUiis always welcome. Duos, pay- '
able, at Young's Sweets.
W. C. HANSEN, Die.
HARRY SWART, Bee,
B. P. O. B. ELKS, La Orande Looge
No. 433. Lodge me els' each Thurs
day evening at 8 o'clock. "Homij
and club privileges cheerfully ex
tended to all Urothor Elks.
R. J. Oil BEN.
Exaltet Ruler.
A. B. CHERRY,
Secrota rr.
HUVAL NhflGHUOItS Iris Camp
tueeta' every sorond Friday after
noon and every fourth Friday even
ing, efcry month in K. P. hall. All
visiting members corclftlly welco.n.
HENRIETTA OHARs'r, Oracle
MARYeL.
W-,ST, I
Reconior.
KNIOHT8 0F PTyiJAB Red Cro
Lode No. 87 nieuttyvery Monda
night !a Castle HaIKO of p- hall)
A I'ylhliOQWelcome to ill TlslUng
KiO;bta O
J. L. ROBERTSON, C.C.
PELILE GREEN. K. of R. 451.
CHICHESTER SPILLS
K1 l4CrIHsaJt!fflr.n.lv
Tilb- rf Bti RtH-.W
iff prnffl-t. iri. tn-t-Trm
K SOLDtiY DRL'QfilSIS EVKDfttRfe
o e
o