KTZma 08SERTZ2JJI G21SDE, OREGOI SATURDAY, KOTEXBEB , lt.
THE SECOND ONNUAL.
tiational Apple Show
Will be Held in
Spokane, Washington
This apple show is a world wide event of the great
est importance to the Pacific Northwest and in order
to rnoo'.-rnire ou one to atend the Oregon liail
road and Navigation Company will make a spc .LI
roimd trip rate of ;
ONE AND ONE THIRD FARE
...... . . From all points on its lines in . .
' OREGON, WASHINGTON AND IDAHO
.Tickets will be on sale at all stations west of The
Dalles, November 14 and 15, and from all, stations
east of The Dalles, November 14 to 19, inclusive.
Final return limit November 22, 1909 -
$25,000 IN PRIZES WILL BE GIVEN AWAY.
; GRAND DISPLAY, INSTRUCTIVE LECT
AND AN INTERESTING- PP.0
3 . SHOW.
.For further information call
'or on
WILLIAM McMXJRR AY,
General Passenger Agent, Portland, Ore.
Daily Observer,
Oregoiri Gals
Past the word to your relatives and friends to come now.
LOW COLONIST RATES
To Oregon will prevail from the East September 15 to October 15,
Oregon Railroad & Navigation Co
and Southern Pacific
' ' ' : .' ' ! ' " (Uresis Oregon) ' ' ".
i . From Chicago SSI.M
From St Loula U.M :
r From Omaha 2 .
From St Paul IK.M
r i From. Kansas ClUr 25.00 ,
DepoBlt the amount of the fare with the nearest O. It. & N. or
Aseit and ticket will be delivered In the East without Extr
cost Send us the name and address of any one interested in the
State for Oregon literature. WM. McMURRAY, General Passenger
Agent, i PORTLAND, ORE. : !
Tom -ftt8-y."i,.ixiu!-; y. Wfm.M HITM. ff.rHTT.'g.m.T"'" "" """" ' '
STEWARD OPERA HOUSE
I. II. STEWARD,
ONE NIGHT ONLY
MONDAY, NOVEMBER
Henry McRae offers the
season.
THE
SPOILERS
Bv Rex IVach
, 18 PEOPLE 18
r . . Tuoluliiic
MISS MARGARET OSWALD.
A CAR LOAD O F WO EN K 1 1 Y
Thousands have read th i ook and thousands
have cnioved the i''av
PPJ0B39S.5Q.75.S1.
on any 0. R. & N; agent
n
65 c u per n Month
MANAGER.
8th
dramatic treat of the
"WMHIiWMWF
LAST COUNCIL IN WAL
LOWA CONTROVERSY
TEN YEARS AGO
CHIEF JOSEPH'S HALF CENTURY
HIS FATHERS IS FAST FADING FROM MEMORY ALTHOUGH
THE CLI3U CAME WITHIN THE PRESENT DECADE.
(By Caroline Wasson Thomason)
Changes in Union " and Wallowa
counties are taken place so rapidly
that epoch making events are whirled
Into history, and cease td receive at
tention while separated from the pre
sent by only a few years. Just ten
years ago Cheif Joseph with a small
following ,was in Enterprise negotia
ting, although in vain, for the posses
sion of a large - portion of Wallowa
county. Nine years ago the famous
Wallowa county 1 controversy of fifty
years' duration was closed, and the
Indians were forever bereft of the
hope of regaining the lands of their
fathers. ' '
The conflict . onenAd t wiwii
between the Indians and the whites
in May. 1855, at Walla ' Walla. At
that council I. I. Ste vans represented
Washington and General Joel Palmer
represented,' Oregon, Seventeen tribes
of Indians were present ', The Nea
Perce tribe, 2500 .warriors, selected
as their camping place, the spot where
the residence of President , Penrose
c! Whitman college now stands.
What a scene it must have been
when the palefaced brethern gathered
the pow wow . with their red brothers
to arbitrate the giant question of land
settlement and. general peace. The
council progressed smoothly, the pipe
of peace was smooked , by . all. , It
seemed that the council was to close
satisfactorily, when, like a war-cry on
a midnight stillness, came the report
to Chelf Joseph the elder that with
out his knowledge . the Nez Perces
had signed away his ancestral home,
his beloved Wallowa.
Joseph at once appealed to his fel
low chteftians. Big Thunder, Three
Feathers and other prominent war
riors promised to help him. : Upon
consultation I. I. Stevans and Qener
al Palmer decided to reconsider the
treaty ,ln order to prevent a general
uprising among the Net Perces who
had always been the professed and
seeming friends of the whites. A map
was furnlsheil Chief Joseph. With a
pencil he triced the boundaries of
the reservation he desired. Needless
to say he Included the Wallowa.
Joseph the elder was yet to encoun
ter difficulties over the Wallowa for
In a council eight years later, June 9,
1863, the Nez Perce tribe In spite ot
his violent oposltlon, signed away this
possession. Joseph never signed or
acknowledged the validity of the trea
ty, he and his people being known as
the "non-treaty" Indians. The old
chief continued to make annual visits
to Wallowa accompanied by his people
He died about 1865 and was burled
about five miles from the head of the
Wallowa canyon','
At his death. Joseph, the elder was
succeeded by his son. Chief Joseph,
the Napoleon of the Nea Perces, the
ablest general who ever led a band of
hostile Indians. At this time Joseph
was 30 years old. it
Although of unusual muscular
strength and weighed over 200 pounds
he was not' as tall as he was conmion
ally supposed to have been, being
5 feet and 11 Inches.lle was thorough
ly versed in the Wallowa controversy,
having been imbued with the love and
the lore of the beautiful valley from
his earliest boyhood.
The early Wallowa valley pioneers
came in all good faith as soon as the
wonderful new country was opened.
But "Chief Joseph" and his non-treaty
followers regarded the treaty of 63
ns absolutely illegal as Joseph, the
elder had never signed it. And even
I If the father should have signed away
' the lands they considered thnt the
' ittiirnir tvsiiiri Vioi-a hArtn in nr nmu
I binding upon the children. Thus,
! with their cmdetheorles of law, the
I Jov!hs considered themselves Justl-
flrvl fn ai't'UinjT tlie moat extreme
measures to prevent the encroach
uwm of the whi'es. The whole mis
v.'i;l9is;:i:n!!:!f: w;s due to the 'I'fTcr
p'ki' of o;'i!itin anions the Nez Perm
!t':ar.9 . t Vtselve . respecting tin
riw'Ms of tht tribe ns a vholo to cede
nway the reservation f a particular
cle.n. ,
At the council of Grande,
3"ty 4, 1ST2. coniyinso.i .f - vcr
flSSti Ud Indians, Uu re k , a rreaf
CONTEST FOR THE Y ALLEY OF
deal of discussion over the ownership
of Wallowa county. It waa determin
ed here to send A. C. Smith and J. H.
Stevens (father of "Jap" Stevens of
this city,) to Lapwal to council with
Joseph, "Eagle-of-the-Light' and
other Kez Perce leaders. '
Indians from Lapwal met the dele
gation from La Grande at Asotin, and
in solomn procession conducted it to
the scene of the council. Perln Whit
man, a nephew of Marcus Whitman,
was the interpreter for the Nea Perces
who said that they would resort to
severe measures if the whites attempt
ed to drive them from their homes. A
C, Smith and J., H. Stevens had two
documents, the treaties p( 1855 and
1863, showing that the fallows coun
try belonged to the whHes, legally. ,
Search, as they would the Indian
sympathizers could . find no, written
statement; of the, agreement made
with the Indiana of 1855. So in gloom
and discontent, the Indians , left the
council tepee. ; . . . . . ,
, In the fall of 1873 the settlers were
badly scared by orders from the In
dians to leave the valley within three
days or. a massacre would ensue. The
consternation extended no further
than to cause the erection of several
forts and the collecting of all the
available firearms. The brave pioneers
had already sacrificed too much for
their homes to vacate them without a
struggle. The Indians thought better
of their threat and the settlements
rested in peace once more.
An. attempt on the part of the In
dian agents to establish a reservation
InNortheast Oregon was frustrated by
Governor Grover, in 1874. Joseph
must now fight if he would dwell in
the land of his forefathers, and the c
casion for fighting came in 1876.
A quarrel over some range hr.rec;
resulting in the death o' an Indian
at the hands of A. B. Fin ley threw the
country into a violent excitement. The
Indians demanded that might be al
lowed to deal with Finley. Upon being
refused by the courts in which Finley
was acquitted on the ground of self
defense JoBeph declared that he would
drive out the whites if they did not
leave. ,
Volunteers from Union county be
gan to pour into the Wallowa. Chief
Joseph and hts warriors drew up in
fighting array about one mile from
Wallowa lake, the town of Joseph tak
ing its name from this act. General
Force from Fort Walla Walla made
a forced march across the mountains
and suceeded In making peace with
Joseph.
Although Josoph yielded without
staining his tomahawk his heart bled
with bitter Indignation. He diplomat
ically accepted the stipulation offered
only because he was at a decided dis
advantage and needed time to collect
arms and troops. Thus Wallowa, the
golden apple of the following bloody
war, lay at peace and quietude while
with the cunning of a fox and the
courage of a tiger, Joseph fought for
it; Joseph the Napoleon of the Nez
perces.
The war of 1877 followed, ending in
the 1,500 mllo retreat of Joseph and
his band to Bear Paw mountain, Mon
tana, where they were finally captured.
For 22 years this remarkable chieftain
dropped out of Wallowa history. For
eight years an exile in the Indian
Territory, he was then removed to
Colvllle reservation, which he occupi
ed with Moses. This arrangement
proved usatlsractory toJoseph for the
vision of Wallowa never faded from
his sight, and the desire to remver it
burned as 6trongIy in his heart as in
the days when he 8hel his blood for it.
He resolved finally to make a last ef
fort. In August. 1S90, four Indians, dres
sed in citizens clothing and riding In
a double seated hack, drove Into ISn-
, tei'iri3e. Without delay they pro
cwded.to the city hall where an ex-
p octant crowd was assembled. A. C
Fm'.th irtro.luced Chhf Joseph, his ac-
qimhUiTice of fonvor council days.
Through A. C. Smith. Joseph state!
the purpose of his visit. He desired
the consent of the Wallowa count v
people to the establishment of an In
dian reservation in Wallowa county.
He wanted all the land northeast of
r-zz
I
A GOOD
Wejhave conducted a
La Grande for many
a reason. A trial
.. ..
, themy8tery. .
A. B. C.
PHONE
The
Sum Total of Human
Haboiness
to attained by the man, who selects a place which to fcpproved by hto .
ifo an! adaptable for hit entire tamll.' mo lite anuast inch condi
tions approximates' about the keenest; Joy. Imaginable. "Where ' are '
such 'conditions 'to lie fonnd In the rapidly riwln . . NoirthwestT IH '
yon, Cto to C. J. BLACK.' He has a large amount of property listed to
chose from. Fruit Farms, Stock Fa nns, Bugar Beet .1 rarms,' City
Properfty, araln Farms, Hay Farms, Timber Xand;1 With or With-'
oat ImproTements. 3 Prices right' Let me snow youl '
V
C. 1. BLACK, The
Wallowa river and Trout 'creek ex
cept the towns of Enterprise and Jos
eph. . Wallowa lake was to be in
cluded in the reservation, and the
people were to have ample pay for
their, land. The people did not give
their consent, as a matter , of course.
But Joseph had no idea of abandon
ing his hops bo easily. So he has-
ened to Washington, D. C, where he
Interviewed the Indian agent and
the secretary of the interior.. The
latter recommended that an Inspector
be appointed to accompany Joseph
to Wallowa and look into the matter.
The Inspector was requested to re
port as to the advislbilty of granting
Joseph 70,000 acres. Upon investi
gation Inspector McLaughlin found
that Joseph stood almost alone in his
desire to leave Colvllle, . t
Having gathered all the data he de
sired on the Colvllle reservation,
McLaughlin, accompanied by Chief
Joseph, Peo-Peo-Tobet (Chief Jos
eph's nephew) Edward Raban,, inter
perter, and Philip Andrews, camp
tender, made a trip to Wallowa coun
ty, were he found a strong sentiment
against a reservation. Finding' coi '
dions here unfavorable for ',estblish
ing a reservation, he so reported to
the Secretary of the Interior. Thu3
the long controversy ended.
Joseph was confident that the' k-a-
port of McLaughlin would crush his
hopes, so his last visit to'Wallowu
was overshadowed with gloom;:' In, a
photograph taken of him and of A. 0.
Smith at this time his face is touched
with a subtle pathos and sadness. On
Sunday, June 17, 1900, he made his
last trip to Wallowa lake. He was
accompanied by the members of, hlf.
party, and A. C. Smith and J. S.
Hodgins, a prominent attorney of La
Grande at present .
Silently the grim old chleftlan gaz
ed at the crystal waters In which the
lofty mountains were perfectly re
flected. Who could know the savage
longings of his heart! Only to breathe
once more the breath of freedom'
Only to scale the snowy summit of
Eagle Cap and look oat on the rorld
unfettered! There would he behoV. o
ridge where once his poni3 fei on
the tender, grass, where once from Us
aerie in that stately pine an t-ngle
screamed at his arrow's touch; oft
there is the Aneroid lake witn its
perpetual Ice; there Is the hvrklo
berry slope where once tho slnemon
bear snatched a . sleeping papoose
from Its mother's arnis; in the dis
tance tr- Seven' Devils ' stW out
boldly. :
But now he would see from Knjrlo
Cap floWs of growing prs!n ar.l hn-sv
towns the white man has takex it
nil, even the sacred spot where res
the bones of his father,. Joseph run
Observer Want Ads Pay
RcGORD
laundry business in
years. There must
order.', will exDlain
. . i
...4
Laundry
MAIN 7
1 .
Rezl tstale : A'an
not call his own. ' He must look for
gladness in the Happy' Hunting
Grounds, for in Badness and gloom he
must resign forever the happy-hunting
grounds of the Wallowa.
Chief Joseph passed to h fathers
September 22, 1904. ' In the' history
of all noted chieftains,, he, stand,, out
as the greatest general anl diplo
mat " ' .i
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T. P. A.
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7
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1 The Little Shop
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l Stamping of all kinds, includ
na silrt waists & Center pieces.
done, embroidery lessons' given. Z f
urcers uen and lessons given T A
In stocll!ng. Full llnej cf em- Tr j
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