SILVERTONAPPEAL.COM
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WEDNESDAY, JUNE 9, 2021
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3B
A CALL TO ACTION
Post-Fire Prevention & Control of Invasive Weeds
North Santiam
Watershed Council
Special to Salem Statesman
Journal
USA TODAY NETWORK
The Labor Day fires of
2020 impacted approxi-
mately 44% of the North
Santiam
Watershed,
greatly impacting the na-
tive plant communities we
value in the Santiam Can-
yon. As we are all working
hard to recover and rebuild
from the devastation there
is still one battle we will
need to wage, now and for
many years to come: inva-
sive weeds. As ash and de-
bris are cleared and hazard
trees are salvaged, we are
left with disturbed and ex-
posed landscapes and
soils. Unfortunately, these
newly exposed soils are
more susceptible to weed
infestations.
The seeds from inva-
sive weeds spread easily
by way of wind, birds, ani-
mals, vehicles, and equip-
ment. Once introduced,
many of the noxious and
invasive plant species
have the potential to out-
compete our native plant
communities that are still
yet to recover from the
fires. The first line of de-
fense against invading
weeds is prevention. Giv-
en our shared landscape, it
is important for all of us to
help prevent the spread
and
control
invasive
weeds. It will take all of us
to win this battle.
One way to help stop
the spread is through Early
Detection and Rapid Re-
sponse, or EDRR. This
strategy is used to identify
and then eradicate weeds
as quickly as possible.
Weed treatments are most
time and cost effective
when populations are
small. In the North San-
tiam Watershed, experts
have identified the follow-
ing weeds as high priority
for
treatment:
False
Brome, Italian Thistle,
Spotted, Meadow and Dif-
fuse Knapweed, Garlic
Mustard, Yellow Archan-
gel, and Knotweeds. These
invasive plants are deter-
mined to be the greatest
threat within burned
areas.
Common
Misconceptions
Weeds are always a
problem, so what's the ur-
gency?
Post-fire soils are much
more susceptible to being
taken over by invasive
plant species. The risks of
new infestations are high,
especially in areas where
invasive species were ab-
sent before the fire. In ad-
dition, with so much clean
up, logging and rebuilding
taking place, there are
now new areas for weeds
to grow. Also, with so
much new soil disturb-
ance, dormant weed seeds
may now be in ideal condi-
tions to grow.
All the weeds burnt up
in the fire, so they can't
come back, right?
Many weeds did not die
in the fire. Existing inva-
sive plants may have only
been top killed in the fire.
Roots and seeds may have
survived. Soil is a great in-
sulator and in most areas
where the soils were only
moderately
impacted
large invasive plant seed
banks may still exist. For
example, Scotch broom
seeds can live dormant in
the soil for up to 80 years.
Ground disturbing activ-
ities most likely have
brought these seeds to the
surface.
Species of Concern in
Fire Impacted Areas &
Common Control Methods
False Brome (Brachy-
podium sylvaticum)
False brome is a peren-
nial bunchgrass native to
Eurasia and North Africa
that generally stays green
throughout the year. It has
spread extensively in
areas of western Oregon. It
is highly invasive in shad-
ed woodlands, open prai-
ries, and roadsides and
can out-compete native
forest understory and
grassland vegetation.
Prevention: Seeds of
false brome can be carried
on shoes and vehicles, so
special care should be tak-
en to clean off after enter-
ing areas infested with
this plant. Watch for new
patches of this plant espe-
cially after other grasses
have started to turn brown
(August to November or
later).
Treatments: Small in-
festations can be dug up.
Herbicides can be used
from
mid-summer
through fall or after the
rainy season begins. Fol-
low the product label and
all laws and regulations
regarding herbicide use on
the site. To reduce the
amount of herbicide used,
a multi-year mowing re-
gime can be used to ex-
haust the seed bank be-
fore starting herbicide
treatment. A combination
of mowing in early July
followed with a fall treat-
ment of herbicide is also
effective.
Garlic Mustard (Alla-
ria petiolata)
Introduced
from
Europe originally as a food
plant, this species is now a
serious concern in forests
across North America.
Garlic mustard is an inva-
sive non-native biennial
herb that spreads by seed.
Although edible for peo-
ple, it is not eaten by local
wildlife or insects.
We currently do not
know of any locations of
this plant in the North
Santiam Watershed, but it
is a problem in Clackamas
County and in the Port-
land metro area. It is espe-
cially important to eradi-
cate any garlic mustard
plants that might be found
within the fire area.
Treatments:
Hand-
pulling individual plants is
effective if the entire root
is removed. Flowering or
seeding plants must be
put in a bag and discarded
in the garbage. Carefully
and thoroughly clean off
boots, clothes and tools
before leaving the area to
avoid carrying the tiny
seeds to new sites. Herbi-
cide may be needed for
large, dense infestations
and should be applied in
the spring or fall on seed-
lings and rosettes, with
care taken to avoid native
and other desirable plants.
Follow the product label
and all laws and regula-
tions regarding herbicide
use on the site.
Italian Thistle (Cardu-
us pycnocephalus)
Native to the Mediter-
ranean, southern Europe,
and North Africa to Paki-
stan, Italian thistle is now
widespread in temperate
zones and a major pest in
Australia, New Zealand,
South America, and South
Africa. It was accidentally
introduced into the United
States in the 1930s. Italian
thistle dominates sites
Public Notices
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and excludes native spe-
cies, crowding out forage
plants in meadows and
pastures. The blanketing
effect of overwintering ro-
settes can severely reduce
the establishment of other
plants. Most animals
avoid grazing on it because
of its spines.
Treatments: Control-
ling Italian Thistle can in-
volve a variety of methods
including digging, tilling,
grazing by sheep, pulling,
and herbicide use before
the plant flowers (May–
June). When pulling or
digging, cut the plant at
least 4” below the soil sur-
face to prevent regrowth.
Follow the product label
and all laws and regula-
tions regarding herbicide
use on the site.
Spotted
Knapweed
(Centaurea stoebe)
Spotted knapweed is a
native of Europe and Asia.
It was introduced to North
America in the 1890s as a
contaminant in agricultur-
al seed and through soil
discarded from ship bal-
lasts. Spotted knapweed
has many negative im-
pacts to the landscapes it
invades. For example, it
releases a chemical that
hinders native plants’ root
growth and displaces veg-
etation. Also, infestations
can decrease food quanti-
ties for wildlife and live-
stock. As well, large infes-
tations can increase ero-
sion and runoff. Spotted
knapweed is not very
common in the North San-
tiam Watershed.
Treatments: You can
hand pull or dig up indi-
vidual plants, making sure
to remove as much root as
possible. Plants in sandy
soil pull easily, but those in
hard packed soil will re-
quire a shovel or stout tro-
wel. Sites where plants
have been pulled need to
be watched closely for new
knapweed plants, as dis-
turbed soil aids in germi-
nation of any seeds pre-
sent.
Knapweed that is peri-
odically mowed will gen-
erally continue to flower
and produce seeds, so
mowing alone is not rec-
ommended.
Herbicides
can be effective at time of
stem elongation (usually
late April to early May),
before flowers open. Re-
member to follow the
product label and all laws
and regulations regarding
herbicide use on the site.
Double-check the label for
any site-specific restric-
tions.
Meadow Knapweed
(Centaurea x monckto-
nii)
Meadow
knapweed,
from Europe, is a hybrid of
black and brown knap-
weed. It invades pastures,
parks, lawns, industrial
sites, tree farms, vacant
lands, railroads and road-
sides. Its foliage is coarse
and tough and not gener-
ally palatable to livestock.
Meadow knapweed out-
competes grasses and oth-
er pasture species and is
difficult to control. It
threatens wildlife habitat
and causes problems for
Christmas tree growers.
Meadow knapweed is the
most common knapweed
found in the North San-
tiam Watershed.
Treatments: Roto-till-
ing or plowing will elimi-
nate knapweed. Cultivat-
ing with a disk will control
young plants and seed-
lings, but established
plants can survive if the
root or root fragments re-
main. Mowing will not
control knapweed effec-
tively. If using herbicides,
the timing of application is
critical to success. Mead-
ow knapweed should be
sprayed with selective
FORM LB-1
herbicides between the
time when the rosettes of
lower leaves are actively
growing until the plant
reaches the bud stage
(usually April - May). Re-
member to follow the
product label and all laws
and regulations regarding
herbicide use on the site.
Contact Information:
For more information on
the identification and
treatment of the above
species please contact Jen-
ny Meisel, with the Marion
Soil & Water Conservation
District (503) 391-9927 jen-
ny.meisel@mar-
ionswcd.net or reach out to
the North Santiam Water-
shed Council staff at (503)
930-8202 council@north-
santiam.org.
NOTICE OF BUDGET HEARING
A public meeting of the Scotts Mills City Council will be held on June 16, 2021 at 7:00 pm at Scotts Mills City Hall, 265 4th Street,
Scotts Mills, Oregon. The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the budget for the fi scal year beginning July 1, 2021 as approved by
the City or Scotts Mills Budget Committee. A summary of the budget is presented below. A copy of the budget may be inspected or
obtained at Scotts MiIls City Hall. 265 4th Street, Scotts Mills, OR 97375, Monday, Wednesday and Friday, between the hours of 8:30
a.m, and 2:30 p.m. This budget is for an annual budget period. This budget was prepared on a basis or accounting that is the same as
the preceding year. If different, the major changes and their effect on the budget are: No Changes
Contact: Robin Fournier-City Clerk
Telephone: 503-873-5435
Email: clerk@scottsmills.org
FINANCIAL SUMMARY-RESOURCES
TOTAL OF All FUNDS
Beginning Fund Balance/Net Working Capital
Fees, Licenses, Permits, Fines, Assessments & Other Service Charges
Federal, State and all Other Grants, Gifts, Allocations and Donations
Revenue from Bonds and Other Debt
lnterfund Transfers / Internal Service Reimbursements
All Other Resources Except Current Year Property Taxes
Current Year Property Taxes Estimated to be Received
Total Resources
Actual Amount
2019-2020
511,190
154,549
15,000
8,500
39,002
50,721
10,416
789,378
Adopted Budget
This Year 2020-2021
304,562
140,100
15,200
8,500
338,968
49,686
10,447
867,463
Approved Budget
Next Year 2021-2022
323,499
140,100
15,200
8,500
41,002
46,544
10,979
585,824
FINANCIAL SUMMARY· REQUIREMENTS BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION
Personnel Services
Materials and Services
Capital Outlay
Debt Service
lnterfund Transfers
Contingencies
Special Payments
Unappropriated Ending Balance and Reserved for Future Expenditure
Total Requirements
42,458
80,636
61,147
16,299
39,002
0
0
239,543
75,850
167,150
237,400
55,329
211,999
30,000
0
89,735
867,463
92,650
197,650
139,100
23,499
41,002
30,000
0
61 923
585,824
FINANCIAL SUMMARY-REQUIREMENTS AND FUll-TIME EQUIVALENT EMPLOYEES (FTE) BY ORGANIZATIONAL UNIT OR PROGRAM*
Name of Organizational Unit or Program
FTE for that unit or program
Administration
FTE
Parks
FTE
Water Found
FTE
Highway
FTE
0
0
0
0
24,383
0.68
150
0.27
0
0
0
0
50,900
0.63
5,650
0.2
0
0
0
0
55,500
0.63
5,650
0.2
0.15
24,533
1.1
20,500
0.3
77,050
1.13
0.3
61,150
1.13
FTE
FTE
Not Allocated to Organizational Unit or Program
FTE
Total Resources
Total FTE
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN ACTIVITIES and SOURCES OF FINANCING*
No Changes
PROPERTY TAX LEVIES
Rate or Amount Imposed Rate or Amount Imposed Rate or Amount Approved
2019-2020
This Year 2019·2020
Next Year 2020·2021
0.4292
0.4292
0.4292
TOTAL OF All FUNDS
Permanent Rate Levy (rate limit, 4292 per $1,000)
Local Option Levy
Levy For General Obligation Bonds
STATEMENT OF INDEBTEDNESS
Estimated Debt Outstanding on
July 1.
LONG TERM DEBT
General Obligation Bonds
Other Bonds
Other Borrowings
Total Resources
Estimated Debt Authorized, But
Not Incurred on July 1
$118,096
$118,096
OR-0000399979
NOTICE OF BUDGET HEARING
A public meeting of the Mt Angel School District Board will be held on June 14th, 2021 at 6:30 p.m., at https://tinyurl.com/2wpssmeh, Oregon. The purpose of this meeting is to
discuss the budget for the fi scal year beginning July 1, 2021 as approved by the Mt Angel School District Budget Committee. A summary of the budget is presented below. A copy of
the budget may be inspected or obtained at 730 E Marquam St Mt Angel, OR between the hours of 8 a.m., and 4 p.m., or online at www.masd91.org. This budget is for an annual;
budget period. This budget was prepared on a basis of accounting that is the same as the preceding year. If different, the major changes and their effect on the budget are:
Kristi Brackinreed 503-845-2345 kristi.brackinreed@masd91.org
FINANCIAL SUMMARY—RESOURCES
“Actual Budget
“Adopted Budget
2019-2020”
This Year: 2020–2021”
2,591,173
2,266,294
1,974,074
2,114,183
TOTAL OF ALL FUNDS
1
2
“Approved Budget
Next Year: 2021–2022 ”
1,390,965
2,220,107
Beginning Fund Balance
Current Year Property Taxes, other than Local Option
Taxes
3
Current Year Local Option Property Taxes
0
0
0
4 Other Revenue from Local Sources
511,196
707,171
662,798
5 Revenue from Intermediate Sources
99,776
45,300
45,300
6 Revenue from State Sources
7,158,937
7,984,641
8,597,022
7 Revenue from Federal Sources
619,882
711,571
833,190
8 Interfund Transfers
289,326
314,422
198,527
9 All Other Budget Resources
0
500
500
10 Total Resources
13,244,364, 13244364
14,144,082, 14144082
13,948,409, 13948409
FINANCIAL SUMMARY—REQUIREMENTS BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION
11 Salaries
4,901,438
5,008,037
4,904,451
12 Other Associated Payroll Costs
3,309,621
3,557,468
3,403,216
13 Purchased Services
901,651
1,265,017
1,327,117
14 Supplies & Materials
653,146
765,215
1,360,433
15 Capital Outlay
80,615
58,404
41,404
16 Other Objects (except debt service & interfund
2,608,940
289,554
288,482
transfers)
17 Debt Service*
903,866
923,899
943,899
18 Interfund Transfers*
289,325
313,485
196,615
19 Operating Contingency
0
1,568,413
1,057,736
20 Unappropriated Ending Fund Balance & Reserves
0
394,590
425,056
21 Total Requirements
11,300,556
14,144,082
13,948,409
FINANCIAL SUMMARY—REQUIREMENTS AND FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT EMPLOYEES (FTE) BY FUNCTION
Function
FTE for Function
1000 Instruction
5,941,967
6,507,711
6,366,846
FTE
59.88
52.15
46.52
2000 Support Services
3,698,494
3,989,717
4,466,433
FTE
27.79
26.54
24.92
3000 Enterprise & Community Service
466,904
446,267
498,824
FTE
4.25
4.25
4.28
4000 Facility Acquisition & Construction
0
0
0
FTE
0
0
0
5000 Other Uses
35,886
35,886
35,886
5100 Debt Service*
867,980
888,013
908,013
5200 Interfund Transfers*
289,325
313,485
189,615
6000 Contingency
0.00
1,568,413
1,057,736
7000 Unappropriated Ending Fund Balance
0
394,590
425,056
Total Requirements
11,300,556
14,144,082
13,948,409
Total FTE
91.915
82.940
75.720
* Not included in total 5000 Other Uses. To be appropriated separately from other 5000 expenditures.
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN ACTIVITIES and SOURCES OF FINANCING FROM LAST YEAR**
4.6268
Permanent Rate Levy ...........(Rate Limit____________Per
$1000)
Local Option Levy
Levy for General Obligation Bonds
Long Term Debt
General Obligation Bonds
Other Bonds
Other Borrowings
Total
OR-0000399971
PROPERTY TAX LEVIES
Rate or Amount Imposed
4.6268
Rate or Amount Imposed
4.6268
Rate or Amount Approved
4.6268
837807
931526
STATEMENT OF INDEBTEDNESS
Estimated Debt Outstanding on
July 1
7,102,133
1,585,000
58,020
8,745,153
923287
Estimated Debt Authorized, but not
Incurred on July 1