THE
OREGON
VOL. XXIV.
BT. HELENS, OKEG ON, FKIDAY, DECJCMUEll 11, 190G.
SO. 1.
MIST.
Proposed Oregon Tax Law
(i'nllmiil Irmn last t)
(AtMr In give iVrtlllUlhl of UtNM
ini'iit IVnulty fur ri'diMiim )
Heft Ion 24. Any ipiuill iimi'ium-i! fir
any ymr iiuty tli'iiuiiul of the amwmir
n otili'lul tvrliflintit nf llinl fni't, hikI
ii hiii the rvfiiant of the lUKimwir lo give
the Mium lit) slmll Ih flintl Id tlm mini
(if IIIHI, ti Ihi ixiIIix'UhI by llui jhtiwiIi
demanding I In' wu no In nnm-tiuti in I lie
name of the rty Injun! ln-furo any
Just ton of tliu (Hitiv ill mill county.
(V. A C. Cnttii ,IIM, without ehang )
(Asm'miiii'IiI mil What lo tiitiluin.)
8ortlnti r. Tlmt M1lim mi of llm
OnIi-o mwl SliiluU of Ori-guii, mnipllitl
ml Hiinoltil'sl liy Hun. Cluirlo II. Bol
linger ami William W, Cotton, tm and
llm Mint) lirrvliy I nmt'iidid to rru.l a
ful low ;
The nwxwwir slutll m l down In the an
rtiiint Mil, In M-jiiirnto column, and
4xiirlliiK lo tlm Unl information ho
am olitiiin
I, Tlm million of all taxable Mixiiit
In III enmity alIi liy liiin.
S. A ilmKrilln of tnul or iir-
cvl of lini'l lo In) laird, vifyiiin under
rol head llm lomiclup, range,
ml MH-tinii ill which llm litml lie, in
tmtcp not exrwdiiig a iiiuirtir aertinn
affording lo Ihi) K'mTiiiiii'iit survey, or
If divide! Into lot mi. I lilK'ki, then tin'
iiumlwr of 1 1 ii- tot mill blu'lc,
3 Tli" iiiuiilN'r of nerve and partes of
n an, a near a tlu miiii ran bv n-n-rtniiml,
iinli-m llu Mtnio bo divided
Into blix'k mul lt.
t. Tin' full tmdi vultie of mi'li jginvl
of lH'l ted.
6. Tlm tflinbln i-riil prtijx-rty
owned by or lo bo bin! to audi im-idoii
m Mviibl by law, mul (lie full mli
value theref, mul i.Mnpti.iii allowed,
A. Tlm total vntnntioii of nil properiY
tnie-l, rl mul x'i-Mituil.
For iM'nvKiilciKV tin' nwM'wiiiii'itt roll
limy be divided m to Jiow inili
ly RMUxwiiii'iitii of rent imMrty or land
inl loU, mul Knmw.itn'ttt of riiml
j.n.rly.
(r.rtflltk III ae-aament lull i be divided ttl'
lii parla lor rimtiMilrmK, tbe lorln ill roll III
rnl piMMin na l,liig blanket form. In.
eluding M'l and Hr..i..l 'i.Msri)f. n one
, u. I leina utitiemaaatiiy riiutttriui0
iiii.i unweii'if . amtomii in? iii
Uirt IW rrv In a ltilo tfact.)
(City, villi,T, nr t.mn In which lotn
rntv itiwtiil to be iiHitMsl.)
Krt ion 'J6. Wlirn loin urn itmitil
In nny i'lty, vllUcv, or town, olut of
wlilohiihall linui Uvii rirliHl,liwtily,
villni', or town in whiiii llw nnnm nrv
itimt-l 'linll bu itlil in tin; bmimu)
liH'iit mil.
(No rhi.e )
(Trut iro'rty lli'iinwntntive cluir
m trr of b"l'l'T iltniKitnUil.)
H-tlon 57. I hnt mriim 3U73 of tbi
Cmlvo ml Hlnluliw of Ontcon, wintiilHl
ml nitotntil by lion. ( Imrlin II. 1SI-lin-r
mul Willmui V. t'oltun, bo ami
Un mn id lii'n'by i tni'ii'li-l to r'l w
fol low:
Whim ny pt'iwon I bmwwwiI m Iriw
W, KiinrliBii, monitor, or inliiiiiiintntt'
or ilinliifc-wiiiin of hi n )ri 'iitiitivt
Clinrni-lrr cbnll lx n.Mi'.l lo hi tiaim-,
ml nu b JKx'Miiii-iit nlmll Ui pntcntl in
n'mito lini' front hi lii'liviilunl u
awmiiPlit, BIi'l ho nlmll Iw miihihnI for
tho rl nit jicrMiiuil TuHTty hnlJ by
bim in iu b ri'iniMiiUiUv duinu.-tr Hi
Uio full vwlup llurwif.
(No eliangi. rii'i.. in riMitilru thai ri.iiI.
(t wr II a. r. al, iri.rt)r .hall W awwxl ai
lull naluv )
( AiwiDxIiii'lit mul taunt inn of umli viilcl
inU'rtwt in ml or pfrnnulirojHTty.)
Htion i'H. An uinliviili.l liit.ril
In liiml or lot, or otln-r rl jroi'rty,
tllliy Ixl HUfCKDWl mul tiixol II IH'll.
Any xroM di'siriiiK to y th tux on
mn iuullviliI Inti'rot in ny rtl pMp
wrty limy lo no by jmyinK th tx i1")'
liHior iiiu eiiml to wh iMHirtion
of tho enl ir tiixc clmrKiHl on tlm ontirc
trt iw tlm intt)nt iiJ on b-nr to
Uio whole.
(Now: ImiI rriu.re Uoviiiiua Law. Waliln
illl, VA, MH'lllMI il )
(Hi-nl iniM-rty I low clonorilHil.)
BDCtion 20. Tlmt Mvtinn 3074 of tho
Colo mul HtntiiU' of Oroiton, conipilixl
ml minotiitcil by Hon. t 'linrlo H. 1U1
"wo mul Wllliiun W. Cotton, bo ml
tho winio l..,by la miioii'Kii to rtJ b
follow: ,.
If tlm hind ki'hiI bo l(w or otJmr
tiin.ii n NiiUlivlion aivonliiii; to tho
I'iiIUhI HIuUm nirvoy, union tho minio
1m) illvliliHl into lot mul block no tlmt
it mn bo (lullnitoly iliiHcribiHl, it mll
bo (UwcrilMxl by itivln tho bounilnrlo
IhoriHif, or by roforoiinn to a uVorl)tlon
thormif by iminlx'r'ax oontninoU In tho
diwiTiilion iKxik iih liiTciimfliT proviiliii
or In hiii'Ii other tnunnur a to inuko Uio
iloxcrlption (vrluin.
'(I'lTiuIti) n.e l liiiiiitwr, rofiTrtiig In A
arrtittluii iMink nialnialiH'il an a iDriiiantint rmi.
prituitlu) tax nulli'i'tnr'i nltli'u til lion (il a
liiiiiM. ami iMttiti'lii ili'Nrrliitlun. Tltii pruvlaion
la burruwml (nun Wanhliigtun.)
(What hIiiiII 1h) aulUoiont doHOrlption In
nHoHniuiit.)
Bootlon 80. Hint noctlon 3075 of the
Coito anil KUitiiUm of Oregon, oonipiliKl
mul unniitnti'd by lion, t'luirln II. llob
llnmiranil William W. Cotton, lw ami
Die winie horoby 1 ainonUoU to road a
follow:
Jt nlmll Ih Milllolont to docribo lanil
la all jirixwiliiiK roliit.ivo totlio ho
Ing, collix'tiiiK, ailvTtiintf, or boIHiik
tlio riamo for tuxo, by initial lotter, ah
broviation, flmirow, fraotlon, and ex
g . l
How ll Heorv.
Oon. Froni li, tho KiikIIhIi offlrer who
roproKontod tlmt country at the reeout
French innuouver. wool rod the fol
lowing lotter nftor hl trlumnhaiit re
turn from the Boor war:
"My Dear French : You are groat
BrltUh general. I want your auto
graph ; but, whntover you do, don't lot
your aooretary write It"
Noodlosa to lay, aaya an exohango,
the boy got the autograph, and a
llgned photograph of hi hero to boot
pontniU to diwlgnabi tho lowiiBhlp,
ruiiK, unction, part of wi ion, dMiimn,
ixiurmi, iMiirlng, anildinc'tion,nniialHo
the ihiiiiIht of Mm ami blixka, or tiurt
thiTinf. 1
( So t'liania, airapt n aiiiplllr Hid pnrmllv
ai.i.niiail.im lo urrininid oltli llimo mill
narll) umiI.J
(Ikwrlption book Conb'iiln.)
Htxtioii.il, There ahull Ui kept in
the olllivi of the tax collector a book, to
In known aMthudiiwription Uaik, which
nlmll Iw arranged by order of ai-clion
or land clalnw, townhiM, and niiigin.
The awttwior may enter therein, under
tlm prnjier nuuieril hiding, any tract
of html by a iiietin and hound ili-m-rip-tion
theriMif, MltiuiUnJ within uch land
claim or aection, and nlmll give to inch
tnu l of land ao ilrncrllail and eiitcn-1 a
number, to Iw dctiigniilcd a Tin No.
, and tho trncta in ouch auch aec
tioii and land cluirii ahull bo iiiiiiitx re!
oonwviilividy. Hucli ihiiiiIht nlmll n
plm'iil on the amrM-KNiiirnt and tux roll
to lihli'iitu that cerium piece of real en
Into lieuritig mu ll immlier in tho de
iKTiplion Iniok, and diwcribed by ineti-
and laiiimtH under iich iiuinlier In tho
description Iniok; and In all proicd
inc for the aiwiwiiieiit, levy, or collec
tion of tuxin, or Halo of proierty, or
other pniii'oiliiiioi for collection of do
lilnpieiit luxe, Maid dcrtignution nlmll
bo a anflicient dewription, and it nlmll
not lie mxiiMmry to enter in auch pro
iiHMlinpi ibwriptioii of auch tract by
llictct) and botlllilii.
(Nfar; fnmt'arv lOivauua lia Wabliigton,
IIM'i, trrtloll iJ.J
(l)ivlnion of amUTWiiiciit made upon
whole trait I'aymciit of tax on rt
of tract.)
taction 32. Any enion deoiring lo
y taxim on any jwrt or part of any
ril entuto herotoforo or IicMaftcr an
vmI a one nvl or liwt muy do ao
by applying to tlm tux collector, who
muni curt'fiilly invent iguUi and awvr
tnln the relative or promrtionut value
wtid rt Ixurs to llui whole trwi, a
wiml, mi which tmni the Bwoiviineiit
miwt Imi dividwl and the tax collected
B)iinlmgly: rmviihil, when) the a
mwuhI valuation of thetrui't to bo divid
ed t-xciilii :',ooo, a notice ntuting the
divinioii imwt be fciit to the known
w vi-nil owner intcn-nliil in tho Imct,
by t!int'rl,l nuiil, nnlcnjl they ail ap
ply to the tux collector to divide tho an-m-MUiit-iit
; and if no prut cut iipiiimt aaid
diviion Imi lilixl with tho tux collector
within fifteen duy from duto of notice,
the tax collector nlmll duly aiivpt puy
ment and iiwiie envipt on tho apimr
tioitmciit nn by him nuulo. In cimc
where protint i tiled to mid diviaion,
the mutter nlmll be heunl by tho coun
ty court at it next regulur aetmion for
traiiMution of county biininewt, and the
oniinty court ahull inuke a tlnal diviaion
of the auid awu'KHmeiit, and tho tux col
lector ahull col ht-t, accept, und receipt
fur mid tiixm aa determined and or-h-nil
iy the county court.
(Srw; cemara .oluowhal alinllar .tatute
In Wuliltiatun )
(bin. In of unknown owner How des
cribed). taction 3.1, That wxtion 3070 of tho
Co.hu and hUitutca of Oregon, compile!
ninl annomtiil by Hon. Cluirlea 11. liol
linger and William W. Cotton, lie and
tlie Mime hereby ia ainonded to read
aa follow:
When tho name of the owner of
lull. In or lot liable to luxation ia un
known, auch land or lota aim 1 1 bo de
acrilntl aa tlmt of unknown owner or
unknown owner, and tho value thereof
net down In the aiwcaamcnt Mil, in tho
sumo manner tlmt lamia of known own
er are required to Ik) duMcribed, and
tho value thereof ileaignntoti. tr uio
proierty on auch usnonninent roll ahull
Ik) arranged in the order of Ita loca
tion, and not in aipnuoeuoui arrange
ment by the owner' name, then Uio
In n, In or lota of auch unknown owner
ahall be inaertod in their proper place
nctMrding to location.
(onilla all rtifne to llm oecupam'jr ot laiel
lnavi.1.1 Hiackburu v. lt Or. U, 77
I'ae. 7KI.)
( Form of aaaeaament roll).
taction 34, Tlmt auction 3077 of tho
Codm and Wotuto of Oregon, eonipilod
and aimotiitod by Hon. Charlea II. lttl
linger and William W. Cotton, be and
tho mi mo hereby i amended to road aa
follow:
Tho UKanamenl roll ahnll bo made
out In tubular form, In aoparato col
umn, with apiroprluto heuiU, lifter the
mannor MMX'llled Mow, with auch ad
ditional column an nmy by law lie pre
mitUhhI or na nmy bo deemed neceaaiiry,
and fur convenience nmy be dlviilixl in
to partM ao that aaacaameiita of landa,
Iota, or other nal and pcraonul eatnta,
appear In aciuntt imrta thereof, na
nearly na convenient In the following
form, varying the aunie na tho olmini-
atnncca may require:
i.OTa.
a
I
a
s.
E
2
-.3
D
cr
3S.
5
3 5'
S3
s.
nnil Brrnk.
"Hack from de eaat, eh?" greeted the
highwayman. "How did you make
out?"
'Tretty rough," replied the pick
pocket. "I got annpped up an' do Judge
waa Just ahout to give me alx mouth
when I thought I'd get off by telling
him I wa an Iceman,"
"Did do game work?"
"I ahould any not I When he henrd
I wa an Iceman he gave uie a year."
LAND
If
14
auTo - ir 1
i.E RIB !5T"
n. c
I... I...
Nam of lalpayor..,
( haranlcrof tmlimM.
AililreM...
:ilX of
Valua of iert tiatidla and nock In
Irailu , , ,
Value ul ina lilnrjf and equliimenl
Number of tnllr. ,
Valu
Number of Billet
Valut .
Ntimber ol mile.
Valua
Uoneir, notmand areounu..
Kharoa of aturk...
Valna ot farm mahllirrir, Ininla.
j Inirnlr, waauni, .etu
lloupliutd furniture, no
Numlirr of boric.
Value .
Numburof rattle...
Valua .
Number of .been. ,
Value ...
Number of twine
Value
Urou value of all property- .
Kxemptioua
iToial value of taxable property.
(I'rovlilw that the mil mar be divided for
nnivrnu-iin). Tne lorm ol roll U"ed by nrarly
all the iroiinlli- In .applied by the aerretarv ol
late rni-rely because It I. rallrd for, and It 1
ralli'd lor nierfly lieraiue It ha. hi're-lo-for'
Ix-cti iihI. It U lHulutilbeMheuieflfa.M-.itment
oblrh . in iM prior lo the an of 1901. and
I. bulK-r dmlxiiKd to the old law than ihe pres
ent. Deveral rounllr. In the atale Imludlnii
Mtiltnoiuah bave (uutid rbaiiRC. from the rum
nion lortn neownary. and prtn-ure .eei'lal forms
ol rulUdi"iliitMl to moot Ihelr need, and expe
rieuit'. The form, rvronunendod breln are
bawd iipim the esiKTloiu of .iirh counties
ritnipartMl with the pwi'iil n.ual form ol roll
and are dt'len-d to permit a df vl.lon ol the book
Into part., ulvtdtiiK the roll a. to lot, laud.,
and pvnoiial proiwriy 11 deaired.)
(Additional ilumna In roll Entrlca to
be made therein.)
taction 35. That aoctlon 3078 of the
Code and Statiitca of Oregon, compiliHl
and annotated by Hon. Charlea B. Bel
linger and William W. Cotton, be and
the same hereby ia amended to reud ac
follow:
In tlie aHwsniciit and tax roll of the
aeverul count lea, In addition to tlie ool
imma elaewhero provided for, there
nlmll he added columns head respective
ly " Cities, " " tahool IJiatricta, "
''Amount City Tax," "Amount tahool
District Tax," and if there be a port or
other municipal taxing agency In auch
county, additional columns for tho name
of auch port or other municipal taxing
agency, and for the amount of auch port
or otlier tuxes. It ahall bo the duty of
the several county assessors in making
their assessments to enter oposlte each
Item of porperty assessed, in Its apprx
prlnte column, the name of the Incor
porated city or town, and tho number
of the school district, and the name of
the port or other munlclwl taxing Agen
cy, If any, in which each Item of prop
erty assessed la taxable.
(No rliaiw, except to provide that port, and
other municipal taxlnii aaniiplet, if any, ahall
be alvui column la ihu roll.)
(To be continued next week)
Tat' Ac.
On a motor car tour of the County
Mayo, which the Earl of Altauioiit
made with "Malrrtlii," an Irian gos
soon, for general iisslstuiit, they pass
ed a neat little cottage, with a pretty
bit of garden.
"Who Uvea there?" asked the earl.
"I It there?" Malrrtln said, indig
nantly. "Sure, doesn't ould Tut Mur
phy live there."
"Oh, doea he?" said the earl, not
knowing In tho lenat, as he confesses
In English Country Llfo, who "ould
Pat Murphy" waa.
" 'Deed he does," said Malrrtln. "and
him a hutidhred If he's a duy ao he
la."
"One hundred years old I" the earl
said, In astonishment.
"lieod and he l." reiterated Malrr
tln. "lie's been dead these throe years,
and he waa 03 when he died.''
Warming; Up.
"Running for any oMlce thta year?"
asked tho man with the bulbous noae.
"Not yet," answered the man with the
cinnamon beard. "But I'm legging for
It."
Francis Scott Key had Jurt written the
"Star Spangled Banner." '
"In days to com," h said, "when peo
ple hear that ong they will atand on
their feat and listen to It with uncovered
heads 1"
Yet even he had no premonition that
the day would come when the playing of
"The Star Spangled Banner" by h theater
orchestra would make the people within
hearing rise to their rect as one man,
grab thoir wraps and make dlvs for tie
ilia.
MESSAGE IN BRIEF
Important Points o! President's
Communication to Congress
Tli main points brought out by Ihe pmi
irnt in hi. annual mtttuge to congress, deliv
rcd ilcccniber 4, follow!
I again recommend a law prohibiting all
corporations from contritAitina to the campaign
exM-tiM-. ol any puny, touch a aill has ai
re, ilv pnsard one bouie of congreu. Let in
dividual, contribute as they de.ire; but let us
prohibit in clfeclive fashion all corporations
irom making rontributiun. for any political
purpuse, directly or indirectly.
Anothrr bill which has Just passed one bouse
'it congrc. and which it is urgently necessary
thould be enacted into law fa that conferring
dpon the government the right of aopcal in
criminal cas on iiue.iion. of law. Thia right
-mat. in many of the states; it exists in the
lliatrict of (-'olambia by act of the congrees.
It i. of course net proposed that in any case
i verdict (or the defendant on Ihe merits
Jimild lie set guide. A failure to pus it will
result in scriounly haniM-riiig ihe government
in it. eifurt to obtain justice, especially against
eallhy individuals or corporations who do
vrong: and may also prevent tne government
irom obtaining justice for wage-workers who
ire not themselves able effectively 'o contest
I ewe where Ihe judgment of an inferior court
las been against them. , ...
In connection with this matter 1 would like
o call attention lo the very unsatisfactory
itate of our criminal law, resulting In Urge
art from the habit of setting asiae the judg
nenta of inferior courts on technicalities ab
lolutely unconnected with the merit, of the
aae, snd where there is na attempt to show
hat there baa been any failure of substantial
justice. , ,
In my last message I euggetted the enact
nent of a law in connection with the iasuance
.f injunctions, attention baeing Uern sharply
frawn to the matter by the demand that the
ight of applying Injunctions in labor cases
hould be wholly abolished. It is at least
loiililful whether a Isw abolishing altogether
be uae of the inj unctions in such cases would
land Ihe teat of the courta: in which case
f course the legislation would be ineHective.
vlurcover, I believe it would be wrong alto
tether lo prohibit the use of injunctions. Hut
o far aa possible the sbuse of the power
hould he provided against by some such law
is 1 advocated last year.
Lawlessness grows by what it feeds upon,
uid when mobs begin to lynch for rape tbey
peedily estend the sphere of their operations
nil lynch for many other kinds of crimes,
,o that two-thirds of the lynchings are not
for rsle at all; while a considerable propor
uon of the Individuals lynched are innocent of
II crime. In my judement, the crime of rape
heuld always tie punished with death, as in
the case with murder; sssault with intent to
onitmt rae should be made a capital crime,
t least In the discretion of the court: and pro
vision should be made hy which the punish
nent may follow immediately upon the heels
if the Ollense; while the trial should be so
ondiicted thst the viclim need not be wan
only shamed while giving testimony, and that
he least possible publicity shall be given to the
'"l'c'll your attention to the need of passing
he liill limiting the number of hours of em
iloyment of rolrosd employes. The measure
s a very moderate one and I can conceive ot
to serious objection to It. Indeed, so far as
.1 is in our power, it should be our aim
.tradily to reduce the number of hours of
ahor. with as a g.al the general introduc
ion of an eight hour day.
The horrore incident to the employment ot
roung children in factories or at work any
where are a blot on our civilisation. It is
.rue that each state must ultimately settle the
titn-stion In its own wsy; but a tneroush of
ficial investigation of the matter, with the re
nilte published broadcast, would greatly help
'uward arovsing the public conscience and se
curing unity of state action in the matter.
Among Ihe excellent laws which the con
rrrss passed at the last session was an em
ployers' liability law. It was a marked step
in advance to get the recognition of em
nloyers' liabilitv on the statute books: but
he law did not r-i far enouiih. In spite of
ill precautions exercised by employers there
we unavoidable accidents and even deaths
involved in nearly every line of basiness con
nected with the mechanic arta. If the entire
rade risk is placed upon the employer he will
promptly and properly add it to the legitimate
:ost of production and assess it proportion
Itely upon the consumers of his commodity.
It is therefore clear to my mind that the law
hould Marc this entire "nk of a trade upon
the employer. Neither the federal Isw nor. as
iar as I am Informed, the atate laws dealing
sith the question of employers' liability are
ttiftu-irnllv thoroughgoing.. The federal law
hould of curse include employes in navy
ranis, arsenals and the like t .
It ia not wise thst the nation "should
llienate its remaining coal lands. I have tem
porarily withdrawn from settlement all the
lands which the geological survey has indi
.ated as containing, or in all probability con
taining coal. The question, however, can be
.iroperly .titled only hy legislation, which in
iyy judgment ahould provide for the wits
.Irawal of these lands from sale or from
ntry, save in certain especial circumstances,
rtie ownership would then remain in the
llnited States, which should not, however,
attempt to work them, hut permit them to be
worked by private individuate under a royalty
.lyalem, the government keeping such control
aa to permit It to see that no exsesjive price
wss charged consumers. It would, of course,
he as necessary to supervise the rates charged
by the eomnon carriers lo transport the pro
duct as Ihe rates charged by those who mine
it; and the supervision must extend to the
,'onduct of the common carriers, so that they
hall in no war favor one competitor at the
expense ' other. The withdrawal of these
coal lands would constitute policy analogous
to that which has been followed in withdraw
ing the forest lands from ordinary settle
ment. The coal, like the forests, should be
treated aa Ihe property of the public, nd ita
dipoal should he under conditions which
ould inure to the benefit of the public as
whole.
The passage of the railway rate bill, nd
only to lew) degree the passage of the pure
food bill, and the provision for Increasing and
rendering more effective Ihe national control
over the beef packing Industry, mark an im
portant advance In the proper direction. In
my judgment it will in the end be advisable
in connection with the picking-house inspec
tion law to provitie tor puuiiig a iw on ihc
label and for charging the cost of inspection
to the packers.
The question of taxation is difficult in any
country, but it Is especially difficult in ours,
with its Federal svstem of government. Some
taxes should on every ground he levied In
small district for use in that district. Thus
the taxation of real estate ia peculiarly one
for the immediate locality In which the real
estate Is found. Hut there are many kinds of
taxes which can only be levied by the general
government so as to produce the best results,
because, among other reasons, the attempt to
Impose them in one pirticulnr state too often
results merely In driving the corporation or
Individual affected to some other locality or
other tnte. The national government has long
derived its chief revenue from tariff on Im
ports and from an internal or excise tax. In
addition to these there Is every reason why,
when next our svstem of taxation is revised,
the national government should impose a grad
uated Inheritance tax, and, if possible, grad
uated income tax.
The Industrial and agricultural classes must
work together, capitalists and wagewerkers
muat work together, if the best work of which
the country Is capable is tov be done. It is
probable that thoroughly efficient system ol
education conies next to the influence of pat
riotism in bringing about national success of
this kind. Our federal form of government,
so fruitful of advantage to our people in cer
wvs, in other ways undoubtedly limits
our national enrviiveness. It is not possible,
for Instance, for the national government to
take the lead In technical Industrial education,
to see Ihnt the public school system of this
country develop on all its technical. Indus
trial, scientific and commercial sides. Ibis
must be left primarily to the several states,
effort ia lo give tlie governmental assistance
In the most effective way: that Is. through as
soclatloiia of farmeri rather than to or throngh
Individual farmers. It ia also striving to co
ordinate Its work with the agricultural de
partments of the several states, and so far as
Its own work is educational, to co-ordinate it
with the work of other educational authorities.
Great progress has already been made among
farmers by the creation of farmers' Institutes,
of dairy associations, of breeders' associations,
horticultural associations and the like. The
department can and will co-operate with all
such associations, and It must have their help
If its own work is to be done in the most
efficient style.
Much Is now being done for the states of
tho Rocky mountains and the great plains
through the development of the national policy
of Irrigation and forest preservation ; no gov
ernment policy for tlie betterment of our in
ternal conditirns has been more fruitful of
good than this. Ihe forests of the White
mountaiiia and Southern Appalachian region
should also be preserved; and Ibcy can not be
unless the people of the state In which tbey
lie, through their representative in the con
gress, secure vigorous action by the national
government.
I am well (ware of how difficult It I to
pass a constitutional amendment. Neverthe
less, in my judgment tbe whole question of
niarriuge and divorce should be relegated to
the kJthorily of the nstioal congrea. At pres
ent th wide difference in the law of the
different states on this aubiect result in scan
dals snd abuse; and surely there is nothing
so vitally essential to tbe welfare of the tiution.
nothing around which the nation should so
bend itself to throw every safeguard, as the
home life of tbe average citisen. Tbe change
would be good from every standpoint. In par
ticular it would be good because it would con
fer on the congress the power at once to
deal radically and efficiently with polygamy;
and this should be done whether or not mar
riage and divorce are dealt with. It 1 neither
ate nor proper to leave tbe question of polyg
amy to be dealt with by the several state.
Power lo deal with it should be conferred on
tbe national government.
Let me once againi call the attention of the
congress to two subject concerning which I
hsve frequently before communicated with
them. One is tbe question of developing
American shipping. I trust that law embody
ing in eubetance the views, or major part
of tlie views, expressed in the report on this
subject laid before tbe bouse at its last session
will be tiassed. I sm well aware that in
former year objectionable measure have been
proposed in reference to the encouragement of
American shipping; but it seem to me that the
pru;ocd mrasure is as nearly unobjectionable
as sny can be.
I especially call your attention to the sec
ond ul,ject, the condition of our currency
lawa. 1 he national bank act has ably served
a ;rcat purpose in aiding the enormous busi
ness development Ol tne country, ana wiiiiui
ten yeara there has been an increase in circu
lation per capita from 21.sl to 1SS.M. For
several year evidence has been accumulating
that additional legislstion i needed. The re
currence of each crop season emphasize the
defect f the present law.
1 do not press any especial plan, various
olans have recently been proposed by expert
committees of banker.
I most earnestly hope that tbe mil to pro
vide lower tariff for or else absolute free
trade in Philippine products will become a
Isw. No harm will come to any American
industry; and while there will be some small
but real material benefit to the Filipinos, the
main benefit will come by the showing made aa
to our purpose to do all in our power for their
wel'sre. So far our action in the Philippine
has been abundantly justified, not mainly and
indeed not primarily because of the added
dignity it has given us as nation by proving
that we are capable honorably and efficiently
to bear the international burden which a
minhty people should bear, but even more
because of the Immense benefit that ha come
to the people ol the Philippine is.anos.
A n Itivn-ltln ithmild he conferred on
the citiien of I'orto Rico. The harbor of
San loan in rorto Kico snouin ne orco
inmrnvpil. The exoense of the federal
court of Porto Rico should be met from the
federal treasury. The administration oi tne
affairs of I'orto Rico, together with those of
the Philippines. Hawaii and our other insular
u.ul,.... -h,,,1,1 all h directed under one
executive department : by preference, the de
partment of state or tne department 01 war.
' Tt. M.r nf Hawaii are oeeuliar: every
aid should be given the islands; and our efforts
should be unceasing to develop them ong
the lines of a community ol smalt treenoiaers.
not of great planters with coolie-tilled estate
Situated as this territory is, in Ihe middle of
.k. lUIA hr are rlutie. Imnosed Uton ttltS
small community which do not fall in like de
gree or manner upon any otner American iwii
munity. This warrant our treating It dif
r.n.l Sr.,m the wav in which we treat ter
ritories contiguous to or surrounded by ister
territories or other state, and justifies the
setting aside of a portion of our revenue to
he expended f.vr educational and internal im
Iirovement therein. . . .
A I..L.'. i. have been nartlLlle met. but
there must be a complete reorganization of the
governmental system, as I have before indi
cated to you. I ask your especial attention to
this, our lenow Clliiena u-c. ...w
.t - t !.. araml with characteristic
enerny are arranging to hole! in Seattle the
Alaska vugon racinc exiruauiuii. "O"--aims
include the upbuilding of Alaska and the
4n.lM.mmi of American commerce on the Pa
cific ocean. This exposition, in it purposes
and scope, should appeal not only to the peo
ple of the Pacific slope, but to the people of the
United States at large. Alaska wnce it wa
bought has yielded to the government $11,000,
ooo of revenue, and has produced nearly
$So0.000,o0 in gold, furs and fish. when
properly developed it will become in large de
gree a land of homes. The countries border
ing the Pacific ocean have a population more
numerous than that of all the countries ot
Kurope; their annual foreign commerce
amou' - to over tS.flon.oOO.SUO, of which the
share of the United State l ome $.00,000,
Oini If this trade were thoroughly under
stood and pushed by our manufacturer and
producers, the Industries not only 01 me ra--it...
-Irww. lv.,1 rtf all our oountrv. and partic
ularly of our cotton growing states, would be
greatly benefited. Of course, in order to get
these benents, we musi treat tairiy wiuw
iriM with which we trade-
tlspecially do we need to remember our
duty to the stranger within our gate. It i
the sure mark of a low civilisation, a low
morality, to abuse or discriminate against or
in any way humiliate such stranger who has
come here lawfully and who is conducting
I.:-..!. nrAMili, To rememher this is incum
bent on every American citizen, and it is of
course peculiarly incumbent on every govern
ment official, whether of the nation or ot tke
several states.
I am prompted to say this by the attitude
of hostility here and there assumed toward
the Japanese in this country. This hostility
is Sviradic and is limited to a very few places.
Nevertheless, it is most discreditable to u a
a people, and it may be fraught witjh the
gravest consequences to the nation. To no
other country has there been such an increas
ing number of visitor from this land as to
lapan. In return, lapanese have come here
in great numbers. They are -rlcome, socially
and intellectually. In ail our college and in
stitutions of higher learning, in all our pro
fessional and social bodies. t The overwhelm
ing mass of our people cherish a lively regard
and respect for the people of Japan, and in
almost every quarter of the union the stranger
from Japan ia treated as he deserves: that is.
he is treated as the stranger from any part
of civilized Kurope is and deserve to be
1 feeling' haa manifested itself toward the Jap
anese tne tee ung tn.it nas oeen snown in
shutting them out from the common schools
in San Francisco, and in muttering against
them in one or two other Places, because of
their efficiency as workers. To shut them out
from the public schools is a wicked absurdity,
when there are no first-class colleges in the
land, including the universities and colleges
of California, which do not gladly welcome
Tapaneae students nd on which Japanese stu
dents do not reflect credit. I ask fair treat
ment for the Japanese as I would ask fair
treatment for Germans or Englishmen!, French
men, Ruasians, or Italian. I ask it as due to
humanity and civilization. I ask it as due to
ourselves because we must act uprightly toward
all men.
Last August an Insurrection broke out in
Cuba which it speedily grew evident that the
existing Cuban government was powerles to
quell. Thi government was repeatedly asked
If hovs and girls are trained merely in literary
accomplishments, to the total exclusion of in
dustrial, manual and technical training, the
tendency la to unfit them for industrial work
and to make them reluctan' to go Ihto It, r
unfitted to do well if they do go into it. This
is a tendency which should be strenuously
combated. Our industrial development depend
largely upon technical education, including in
this term all industrial education, from that
w hich fits a man to be a good mechanic, good
carpenter, or blacksmith, to that which fits- a
man to do the greatest engineering feat. The
skilled mechanic, the skilled workman, can
best become such by technical Industrial edu
cation. The department of agriculture ha broken
new ground In many directions, and year by
year it finds how it can Improve ita methods
and develop fresh usefulness. Its constant
by the then Cuban government to Intervene,
and finally was notified by the president of
Cuba that he intended to resign; that none of
the other constitutional officer would con
rnt to carry on the government, and that he
was powerless to maintain order. It was evi
dent that chaos was impending. Thank to
the preparedness of our navy. I wa able Im
mediately to aend enough ships to Cuba to
prevent the situation from becoming hopeless.
In accordance with the so-called Piatt
amendment, which was .nhodied in the con
stitution of Cuba. I proclaimed provisional
government for the Island, the secretary of
war acting aa provisional governor until he
could be replaced by Mr. Magoon; troops
were sent to support them and to relieve the
navy, the expedition being handled with moat
satisfactory speed and efficiency. The pro
visional government bu left the personnel of
the old government and the old law, so far
a snight lie, unchanged, and will thu ad
minister the Island for few montha until
tranquility can be restored, a new election
properly held, and a new government inaugu
rated. Peace has come in the island; and tb
harvesting of the sugar-cane crop, tbe great
crop of the ilnd, i about to proceed.
ihe United States wishes nothing of Cuba
except that It shall prosiier morally and ma
terially, and wishes nothing of the Cuban ssv
that they shall be able to preserve order
among themselves and therefore to preserve
their independence. If tbe election become a .
farce, and if the insurrectionary habit be- !
cornea confirmed in the island,' it ia sbso- :
lutely out of ;the question that the island
should continue independent: and the United
Mate, which sa assumed the sponsorship be- ,
fore tbe civilised world for Cuba's career as a
nation, would again have to intervene and to
see that the rovernment waa managed in such
orderly fashion aa to secure ihe safety of life
and property.
In many part of South America there ha
been much misunderstanding of the attitude
and purposes of the United State toward the
other American republic. An idea bad be
come prevalent that our assertion of the
Monroe doctrine implied or carried with it
an aasumption of superiority and of a right
to exercise some kind of protectorate over
the countries to whose territory that doctrine
applies. Nothing could be farther from the
truth. Yet that impression continued to be a
serious barrier to good Understanding, to
trienniy intercourse, to tne miruuuciion 01
American capital and the extension of Ameri
can trade. The impression was so widespread
that apparently it could not be reached by any
ordinary means.
It was part of Secretary Root' mission to
dispel this unfounded impression, and there
is just cause to believe that he ha succeeded.
I have just returned from a trip to Panama
snd shall report to you at length later on
the whole subject of the Panama canal.
The destruction ot the I'nouot is i anas iur
als by pelagic sealing still continue. The
nutations have proved plainly inadequate to
accomplish the object of protection and preser
vation of the fur seals, snd for a long time
this government has been trying in vain to
secure from Great Britain such revUion and
modification of tbe regulation a were con
templated and provided for by the award of
the Tribunal of Paris.
Tbe process of destruction ha been accel
erated during recent years by the 'appearance
of a number of Japanese vessels engaged in
pelagic sealing. As these vessel have not
been bound even by the inadequate limitations
prescribed by the Tribunal of Paris, they have
paid no attention either to the close season or
to the ixty-mile limit imposed upon the Cana
dian, and have prosecuted their work ap to
the very islands themselves.
We have not relaxed our effort to secure an
agreement with Great Britain for adequate
protection of the seal herd, and negotiation
with Japan for the same purpose are in
progress. .
In case we are compelled to abandon the
hope of making arrangementa with other gov
ernments to put sn end to the hideous cruelty
now incident to pelagic sealing, it will be a
question for your serious consideration bow
far we ahould continue to protect and main
tain the seal herd on land with the result of
continuing such a practice, and whether it
i nr. hetter to end the nradice Dv extermi
nating the herd ourselves m the most humane
way possible.
The United States navy ia the surest guar
antor of peace which this country possesses.
It rs earnestly to be wished that we would
profit by the teachings of history in thi mat
ter. A strong and wise people will study it
own failure no less than its triumph, for
.here u n-iaitorn to be learned from the study
of both, of the mistake as well a of the nie
ces. ,
I do not ask that we continue to increase
our navy. I ask merely that it be maintained
at ita present strength; and thia can be done
osly if we replace the obsolete and outworn
ships by new and good one, the equals of
any afloat io any navy. To St on building ships
for one year means that for that year the
navy goes back instead of forward. The old
battleship Texas, for instance, would now be
of little service In a stand up fight with a
powerful adversary. The old double-turret
monitors have outworn their usefulness, while
it wa a waste of money to build the modern
single-turret monitor. All these ship should
be replaced by others; and this can be done
by a well-settled program of providing for the
building each year of at least one firM-clas
battleship equal in aire and speed to any that
any nation is at tbe sum time building.
Reliigous strife ia assured in France.
Mayor Schmitz wants the time of hia
trial extended.
I Canada is also having trouble with
Japanese coolies.
The pope declares nothing will stop
the struggle in France except victory for
.Tnlin Rarrott is almost certain to be
chosen director of the bureau of Ameri
can republics.
Andrew Camecie lias etven $32,000
towards rebuilding the college recently
burned at Kankakee, 111.
Mrs. Storer says she is the one who
brought Roosevelt to the front and he
owes everything he is to her.
Lands around the Salton sink, Cal.,
will be flooded for a year as the result
of the recent break in the dam.
Voting Teddy Roosevelt is having
hard work these dnys being initiated
into one of Harvard's secret societies. .
Nearly 5,000 employes ot the Wash
ington navy yard will receive an in
crease in wages of 10 per cent Janu
ary 1.
President Roosevelt has expressed the
hope that a treaty can be negotiated
which will exclude Japanese coolies
from the United States.
There is little hope of ex-Senator
Brown, of I'tah, surviving the wound
inflicted with a tevolver in the hands
of a woman he liad wronged.
School teachers of San Francisco have
formed a union.
New York bank reserves are far be
low the legal limit.
Harriinan plans to secure control of
Chicago's electrical appliances.
The St. Paul railroad has made offi
cial announcement of its route to the
Pacific coast.
Bellamy Storer has written an angry
letter to President Roosevelt about his
dismissal as ambassador to Austria.
Many rich men of San Francisco are
coming to the front with money to
help Mayor Schmitx out of his trou
bles. The attorney general of Texas has
produced proof that Senator Bailey waa
hired by the oil trust.
Many of the losers In the San Fran
cisco fire and earthquake are receiving
their money and present Indications are
that 80 per cent of the losses will be
paid.
The house committee on appropria
tions has given Roosevelt's simplified
spelling a slap by ordering all govern
ment printing to be spelled according
to Webster.
The National Rivers and Harbors
congress has asked the president to
work with them to secure an annual ap
propriation of $50,000,000 for the rivers
and harbors of tlie United States.
Another small revolution baa broken
out in Ecuador. "
PROBE HILL ROADS.
"Empire Builder" I Next Candidal
for Commlaaion Griddle.
Washington, Dec. 10. An investi
gation of the operations and manage
ment of : the railroads controlled by
James J. Hill and associates, including
the Northern Pacific, Great Northern
and Chicago, Burlington . A Quincy ia
in contemplation by tbe Interstate
Commerce commission. After certain
preliminaries have been arranged and
counsel for the commission selected,
formal announcement of the proposed
inquiry will be made.
Aa in the case of the proposed inves
tigation of tbe Southern Pacific and
Union Pacific railroada of the Harriinan
system, the inquiry is not the outgrowth
of any specific complaints of violations
of the interstate commerce law, but it
ia to be undertaken by virtue of the
general inquisitorial powers 'conferred
upon the commission by congress.
Tbe inquiry will be broad and com
prehensive, with view to ascertaining
tbe exact condition of affairs regarding
the railroad's compliance with the in
terstate commerce act. A member of
tbe commission, in speaking of tbe pro
posed inquiry, aaid:
"Although there has been outward
compliance with the decree of the Su
preme court in dissolving tbe Northern
Securities company, yet there baa been
no difference in the rates given upon
the united system."
WOULD WELCOME CITIZENSHIP.
Vitcount Aokl Say Japanese Are
Eager for Naturalization.
Washington, Dec. 10. Favorable ac
tion by congress on the recommendation
of the president in his last annual mes
sage that an act be passed specifically
providing for the naturalization of Jap
anese who come to the United States
intending to become American citizens,
will go far toward securing s continu
ance of the traditional friendly rela
tions between this country and Japan,
is the opinion 'of Viscount Aokl, tbe
Japanese ambassador.
"Of course, aaid recount Aoki, to
day, "no nation likes to see its subjects
leave to take up a permanent abode in
a foreign land and lose all relation with
tbe fatherland, but in many cases it
cannot be helped."
The ambassador expressed tbe belief
that there were not so many Japanese
in this country to take advantage of
naturalization if it were granted, but
he thought that such an oppoitunity
should be afforded them along with the
citizens of other countries. He said be
did not think it probable that those
Japanese who were emigrating in
large number to Hawaii and the Pacific
coast would avail themselves of natur
alization, because of tbe fact that they'
represented the poorer classes, and
most of them ultimately returned to
Japan. Viscount Aoki said be had.
every confidence in the outcome of tbe
teat case which will be brought in the
California courts.
FIX LUMBER PRICE.
Senate May Inves.igate Manufactur
er Who Control Industry
Washington, Dee. 10. An investiga
tion of the lumber combine, as pro
poteJ in the resolution introduced by
Senator Kittredge, of South Dakota,
will be productive of more good to the
people, in the opinion of some Western
senators, than any inquiry instituted
in recent years. Mr. Kittredge has
collected considerable material, and,
when it ia presented to the senate in
connection with details Senator LaFol
lette and other Western senators will
bring out, a strong majority is expect
ed in favor of the resolution.
In many respects the "gentlemen's
agreement" which controls the price of
lumber ia like that which was alleged
in the beef packing industry. Theitj
are several associations, such as the
Hemlock association, the Pine associa
tion and the Hardwood association,
whose representatives meet once
month, discuss the conditions and fix
prices.
There are no records and no docu
ments that would inctiminate, but
through an agreement of "gentlemen"
the output is regulated and prices
fixed.
Rat Plague in Manila.
Washington, Dec. 10. Reports have
reached the War department that a few
months ago great numbers of plague in
I fected rata were found in Manila, and
since then a large body of professional
I rat catchers have been hard at work to
'protect the city's health. It was evi
dent that tne plague of rats infected
only two sections, and in both of these
districts a thorough disinfection was at
once undertaken. Every bouse waa
svsteniaticallv cleaned and all the hab-
I itual abiding places of the rodents were
" i
removeu.
No Mora Postal Franks.
New York; Deo. 10. Clarence H.
Mackay, president of the Postal Tele-
' grape St Cable company, stated today
, that the board of directors of that com
pany had passed the following resolu
tion: "Resolved, That owing to
' changed conditions, it has been found
' necessary to stop all free transmission
' of messages and this company will ab
I solutely discontinue ita free list on and
I after January 1, 1907." There are
' many franks outstanding.
Wealth From Montana Mines.
Butte, Dec., 10. Montana produced
in the calendar year of 1905, copper, .
silver, gold aW lead to the value of
$70,677,583. These values came from
6,000,000 tones of ore, and the aggre
gaet production was greater by 910,-
i 086,738 than the value of the output of
1904, which was approximately $10,-
i 000,000 than the year before,