JME OREGON MIST.
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Deals Lareely With Reports
of Departments.
FEW RECOMMENDATIONS WADE
biNlarr Cnrtlale'! Dunking and Cur
reney riwa ravored Tariff nm
Neetta Aiiienillnltalatlu of United
' ItalH Willi III ferel Power.
Following U the full text of Pro.ldcnt
Cleveland1! lue.tage m read in congrei!
, today i
! Th MMmMn, within the nation's
' legislative Imlli ol those charged with
- the duty of making law for tho benefit
of a generous end free people Imprci.
ively suggest the exacting obligation
lid invxoiahie rrsponafliihiy involved
In their Ituk. At the thrcahold of inch
s labor, now to I undertaken by tho
congress of the United Malm, and In
the discharge of an executive duty on
Joined by the coiiitliution. I mi limit
title communication, containing a brief
ilalemcnl of the condition clour na
tional it I lair ami recommending audi
legislation aa "erne to me necessary and
expedient. r
The Stale liartmenl,
1liA; LIaIsi-iT nf Ml. aaa.. ilultnna
nw ......w. vhi fli-wii ti..?iiini
with oilier nation! and our pearoful re
lation! Willi ihem at ilila lime addition
ally denioiiatrate the advantage of con
aialenlly adhering to a linn but Just
foreign policy, free from envioua or am
bitione national ei'liemr, and charao
terliintl by entire honeaty and ilnevrity.
' During the paat year, pnratiant to a
law of euitgrt-, cnmuimaionera were ap-
pointed to tho Antwerp Indnitrial ex
Hteltlon. Thotiuh the participation of
Anient an exhibilora felt fur abort of
completely llluntrallng our national in
genuity and indiinUial achievement!,
yet it wae nil cieitiuhle, In view ol tlie
: brief time allowed (or preparation. I
liave endeavoieil to Impret! nton the
lielglan vovernment the nediene
ml poaitive liarmlulnef! of il rentrii;
tioii! iiihiii the iiiiKrlotlim of .eertnln
ol our litod prikhii t! and have atrongty ,
!w-t ion under our la wa ore amply iu(
llcirut to prevent the exportation from
tliUrounlry oldiaeaaod cattle and U0
wliolveouie meat.
Til! flltUltM CLAIXia.
Tl. Mm.Uani nriranli..l nnilp thn
convention whirli we hl entered Into
Willi Unlit lor me eitiitme.ni oi uie oiu
landing clelina of emh goveniment
aiialital the other, aloiirnel at tlie end
of Ilia ihthxI ktipnlatol for it! ntntinit
nee, leaving undetermined a numiier
of Ameiiean a-e! whldi liad beisn dill
' prwnted. Thee clalma are not barred,
nd negotiation are in progreia for their
obuiUaion to a tribunal.
OKUMVNV'! CATrl.B tMtlABOO.
Aelioo lin tlie rrporle.1 ditcovery of
: Texai fever In ctrgva of Amerimn lm
1 norlalioii! of liventoi k and fieh meal!
Irom thia c mnlry h leen revive.1. It
la Imped ihtUrniany will noon become
convinced that Ihe Inhibition ia aa noed
iexa aa U la harniliil t millnal littoreitr..
The Herman government baa except; U
to that provino.li f the lUitouil ol the
Urllfacl which lii'poei a ducriminat
lug duty of 1-10 ol a cent a pound on
ugara omlng Irom wmnlrie! paying an
export botmiy tliereon, claiming lliat
Ibienacting ol .mh ditty i! " contra
tentimi of an Ulea 6 and 0 of the-treaty
of IK2d with lru!la. In tl interenH
of the commerco of bolli rounlriei, and
toaold even the awiimition ol treaty
violation. 1 rnmmend the repeal ol ao
muett of the !UUuto !! ImiHuei thai
. . ii i ... .ii-hiImi tn tlie ac-
companylng n-prt of the lecretary of,
' . .... . ..... ,1 u'liamon 01 the
qitraliooi ralied by the Herman P'
Uata.
Tilt UO!BO COCTBINa.
TbebotindaryofRrltl.il Guiana atlll
remain! in dhmnee 'frn,Ure,1V. fl
in and Venrx.iela. llellevlng that ta
early eutilemenl on mime put m"i
alike honorable to both partiea, ll in the
linn of onremabllahed policy to remove
? from thl. I.eminphere all cn.nei of U.
' ference with a power lieyond the lea. I
hall renew the e Iforl! hereto JJ
to bring about rentoratton ol dlplomntie
relation! Iwlwee.t the d.apuUnt!. and to
Induce arbitration, a reaort which Great
llriuin io conpleiiouly favon in prin
ciple and rwpevia in practice, and which
I. ear" Mtly lought by ber weaker odver-
' aary.
'" TUN ltWl PBDUO.
Since communicating the volnmlnoni
Co"K.ndence in regard to Hawaii and
ihe lion taken by the .e.mteand hou.e
of re.re.enl..tive! on certain qiieet loni
nbn itied to the judgment and w dor
5tretlonf KV lheivl.
, of a government in P'?:8.0' JJ K
loim" arrangn;ot ,'l,,hSl?JSf i!
deiKHiltion of the queen, "
nounced with evidence of ll! c tective
Snerallon; The recognition u.nal in melt
X. I.M been accorded the new govern-
rment. :. ;,na of extra-
have occnrre.1, owmg ,m "
that government to dirrem ler its on
a I.I.HM!. Thin ff 1,r ",?r" l?
So i, to an a iende.1 convention oby at
C hlMlllllcull have been unav. II ng.
. Apart from the il r.
land la engag"'". l" . evl.
ing alleiiltoii In lhi eonntry by her en
dc'nt'tle.ire to rul.iy.vte more 1 bera in-
- f romnp e fln-itoiiomrln her Homjatlo
iirylr. and nil eiiitidity m the family of
,Z ,mst or ex,CAk ";
ruat,
'u'..i., iii jiiruii
i n "I'ibu, uuu is ucmg paid
'bmmiuiuius.
The problem of tho !torsgo and u.e of
the water! ol the Itio Grande for trrlitiv
tlon should be oIvhiI by appropriate
concurrent Bctlcm o( the two interested
foiintrln. itihlrig in the Colorado
mights, the stream flown Intermittent
ly, yielding lutle water during the dry
months to the irrigation channels al-
, , ! i innuii ciiunnuii at
ready coimlrucled along it. coure
Ihla !cari ily laolten aevertly felt ln lb
ruuli.na ttrl.i.va II. u .1....- . . .
v him nvr loima a com-
moil Itotindary. Moreover, the Ire
(jiii! nt clinnge! in ill coiiihh often ralro
emlmrraiwiiig qucBliou of territoriul
jurisdiction.
tiik ni.unriKi.D! ArrAin.
Prominent among the qucution! of
the year woi the iJliiellelda incident, In
..i.ii. i. .. .. . .
i .viih.ii ia niiiinn aa inu diokiU0 Indian
!lrlp, bortlering on the AtUnlle ocean
and within the jurisdiction of Nicura
gna. lly the treaty of 1H(!0. between
(ireat Urltnin and Nicaragua, the former
government exprimaly recognized the
Boverelgnty of the laticr over the atrip,
and limited form of aull-governmeut
wan guaranteed to the Moaqtuto Indiaim,
to be exercined according to their cue
torn for themrelvi'! and other dwellers
within iti limit!. Tho no-culled native
government, wliich grew to be largely
made up ol aliens, for many year dis
puted the aovereignty of Nicaragua over
the atrip, and claimed tlie nttht to
maintain therein practically independ
ent municipal government. JUrly in
the pant year the effort! of Nicaragua to
maintain aovereignty over the Mosquito
territory led to Kurioit! ilii-turbance.,
culminating In the mpprenaioii of tho
native government, ami the attempted
aubatitutlon of an impracticable com
poaite admitiintration. In which Nicara
gua and alien reaiduuli were tn partici
pate. Failure wae followed by an in
surrection, which for a time, tubverled
Nicaragua rule, expelling her oflicera,
and reatorlng the old organization.
Thi, in turn, gave place lo the exiting
local government, establMifd and up
held by Nicaragua. Although the
lien intercut., arraigned against Nic
aragua in theee transaction!, bavo
been largely American end the com
merce ol that region for some time lint
ten. and Itill ia, chiefly controlled by
mil -lli.-nl .PA ai.nn, ff.r Hint lOIIKin
challenge the rightlul lovereinnty o( Nic
aragua over una important pmt
t...- il...nain lt'.i- am.au (n.nil lis ,.nn lllil
ll, ;i MMUtni.i. . in.ituio vi
daring p trt of the time, two of nor navnl
dips have been atatloned at Itluetlelda
for tlie protection of all legitimate inter
cut! of our citixcue. In September lact
the government nt Managua exfielled
from H territory 12 or more foreigner!,
including two American!, for alleged
participation In the .edition, or revolu
tionary movement! aitniiiat mo re mihhu
at Bluelleld! already mentioned, but
through the earnest remoimtrance o( thi!
government the Americana have lieen
permitted to return to the peaceful man
agement of their buniness. Our nvl
rommandcT! at the iceueof llie.e dia
tnrliaucei, by their con.tant exhibition
of firmneei and good judgment, contrib
utel largely lo the prevention of more
terloni conaeqnence., and lo tho resto
ration of quiet and older. I regret that
in the niidet of ttieeo occurrences there
happened a mot grave and irritating
failure of Nicaragnan justice. An Amer
ican cllixen named Wilson, residing at
'i'iama. In the Moquito territory, wae
murdered by one Argnello, the acting
governor of Ihe town. After some ilelay
the murderer was arreted, but io in.o
cnrelv conllneil or gnarde.1. that he es
caped, and, notwithstanding our repeat
ed demand!, it ia claimed that his recap
ture has lieen Iwpofidble ljr reamm of
bis flight bevond Nicaragnan jnrifiliction.
The Nicaragnan authoritn!. having
given notice ol forfeiture of tho concea
lion to the canal company on groumle
pnrely technical, and not embraced in
the contract, have receded from lliat
position. . .
I'eru, I regfet to say, ihowa eymptoms
of dome.tiu dintnrbame, duo probably
to the flowneaa of her recniwration i from
tbedi.tres.eaof thewarol 1881. Weak
ened In reconrce!, her dilliculliei in fa
ln International obligation! fliviio our
kindly ivmpatliy and justly our forbear
ance In pressing long pending claims. 1
have felt constrained lo testily tin. sym
pathy in connection with certain de
mand! urgently preferred by other pow
ora. tit SALVADORtA RKrOaKtS.
The government of Salvador, having
been overthrown by. an abrupt popular
outbreak, certain of Its military end
civil olllcera, while holly pursued by in
furiated Insurgents, sought refuge on
board the United States warship Ben
nington, then lying in Central American
ports. AUIionjh the practice ofwylmii
snot favored by this government, et,
n view ' the imminent peril which
threatened the fugitive! and solely for
consideration! of liumanitv, they were
ilTorded .belter byeur naval comnmn.ler,
J when they were afterward . eiiiand
Sd under onr treaty of extend lion with
Evador for trial on
& a j ulicial officer In wmplianoj
with the erma of the treaty. On the r
win, ...i anroceei
arrival at oan rrnnno'",
fng wa! promptly instituted below ll .
Unl ed State, dfslrict ndir, who held
that ti e acts constituting the ""cited o
fencea were political. nd discharged ail
Therinpon I wa coTstr'ained to direct
K i fhr the reason that n at
.,:r.n murder was not one of the
wb cn '! srn """ " ii,
Wtborltios had been demanded.
.Unreasonable t fince, lm-
p,e. DV I ,mve. de-
K'lmno ed u lion our venal, and goods
(ng to tlioti.anoso.v-.-. "- ,
exa(:tcd even w.,,en h j -R ilhoiltie.
v ...u ui marauders, ln i)ura
I Ilua liftan m.i..a..,...I I i , , . .
Prt; T,f "thS , n!l leri w" 'liberal
traat with t"l"J?J?,2J Spanish vessel!
treatment exten eJ to en
ffiorn,.r.ntoftUe..vax.
tlom question! lias been yet reached.
The Mora case, referred to in my last
message, remains unsettled. From the
diplomatic correspondence on thin inb
ject, which haa been laid before the
senate, it will be aeen that thi! govern
nient has offered lo conclude a conven
tion with Hpain for disposal by arbitra
tion of outstanding claima against the
two countries, except the Mora claim,
which, having been long ago adjusted,
now only awaita the permit! ai stipu
lated, and, of course, it could not be in
cluded in tlie proposed convention. It
whs hoped that this olfer would remove
the parliamentary obstacle! encoun
tered by the Spanish government in
providing payment of the Mora indem
nity. I regret to .ay that no definite
reply to this oiler lias yet been made,
and 'all efl'orti to secure payment of
this untfUltd claim have been unavail
ing. EXPl'WION or ARMENIAN! BY TURK IT.
In my last annual message I adverted
to the claim on the part of Turkey of
the right to expel, ai persons undesira
ble and dangerous, Armenian! natural
ized in the United States and returning
to Turkish jurisdiction, Numerous
questi m. in thi. relation have arisen.
While thia government acquitced in I lie
the asserted right of expulsion, it would
not consent that Armenian! may be im
prisoned or otherwise punished for no
other reason than having acquired,
without imperial consent, American
citizenship. Three of the assailants of
Mb! Moulton, an American teacher in
Mosul, have been convicted by the
Ottoman court!, and I am advised that
utr appeal against the acquittal of Ihe
remaining live hai been taken by the
Turkish prosecuting ollicer.
A convention I. a. been concluded
with Venezuela for the arbitration of a
long disputed claim growing out of the
soizure of certain vessels, the property
of citizens of the United States.
Althotiir.li slimed, the treaty of extra
dition with Venezuela ia not yet in
force, owing to the insistence of that
government, that, when eurrendeied,
its citizens shall in no case be liable to
capital punishment.
TO PREVENT COLLISION! AT SEA.
Tlie rule! for the prevention of col
lision, at sea, which were framed by the
maritime conference, held in this city in
J88I), having been concnirently incor
ported In the statutes of the United
Slates and Oreit Britain, have lieen
annonnced to take eilect March 1, 18ii6,
and Invitation! have lieen extended to
ail maritime nation! to adhere to them.
Favorable response! have time far been
received from Australia, France, Portu
gal, Spain and Sweden.
t ba Treasury Department
iUa trnaanrv rpnorts
that the receipts of Bovernment from all (
source, of revenue dnring the fiscal yar,
...l..,l ln. 'VI 1SIU amnnntoil to 1.172.- 1
802 4!i8 2i. and it! expenditure! to 442,- (
8". leaving a dellcitof 09.8W,-
ii. r. .a T I - Iiirunaii rf ftlR.T
H52.074 CO in lite ordinary expense! of
tlie government, as romparcu wnu mo
li.calvearof 18!. There waa collected
rrn. Vnuinina i:t1 R1S JVtO 82. and from
internal revenue IH7.188.449 70. The
i... t Ai Inivimo fnr IIia ve&r.
umniiio . 1
amounting to !I3.815.617 07. was derived (
from tlie saiei oi mnn ami oiner rm.
The value of our total dutiable imports
in I9TJ1 Ifiri fisil. beinir 140-
057,025 lesa than during the preceding!
year, ami me irapurueium ircw
.. .,,,1.-1 m t'tTi) Tim iVttl. Iieino? tOi 743.-
irs Inm lhan ilurincy tlm nreceflinff vear.
Tlie receipt! from cnitomi were $73,636,-
4K1 It less, anil irom iniernai reirnura
l3,8;I,B3a 07 ler! than 1803. The total
tux lollected was: Di.tilled spiiits, (85,
251) "Oil 25; manufacttired tobacco, 8,
(117,808 02; fermented liquors, 131,414,-
718 04. .. .
Our export! of merchandiee, domeetic
ami foreign, amounted during the year
to 802.14ii,572, being an increase over
the preceding year of 44,405.378. The
total amount of gohl erported during
ii,- rUnnl vrtrni i7n.R08.0tit.as Sffftinxt
ll!3,08(i,444 during the fiscal year 1803.
The amount, imported was $72,449,119,
as agaimt 121,174.381 during tho previ
ous fiscal year, 1803. The imports of
silver were SIS 280,552, and the exports
werefou,40i,zuo.
THE tHJOAB B0CXTT,
The total honntv paid unon the pro
duction of sugar in the United State!
fr the fiscal year was $12,100,208 80,
being an increase of $2,72a.0i 8 over the
pavmenla daring; the preceding year.
The amount of bounty paid from July
1. 1804, to August 28. 1804, the time
I,,ri.ar navmnnts ceased hv
operation of the law, was $060,185 84.
The total expense! incurred in the pay
ment of the bounty nnon enear daring
a rirv a n ok
the lineal vear waa wou.tw w.
i. i. ...iin.ol.ul lliat nnnn the b.sla of
onr present revenue lawe, the receipt!
of the eovernment during the current
T nn .line ..II l.n
flml vear. enning June ou, mwi i
..oi io? ?m ai ami Its Binenditnres
$444!427.748 44, "resulting in a deficit of
$20.tHMl,IH)0. - 2 ' , ,
Novemlierl. 1804, the total stock of
money of all kinds in the country was
12 240.773,888. as against $2 204.051.000
November 1. 1803, and the money of all
i. :.. :.m,lailrtn not tnMnded in the
treasury holdinrs was $1,072,003,422. or
$24 73 per capita, upon an estiiunteu
population of 03,837 000. At the same
time there was held in the treasury
gold bullion amountimr to $44,616,177 65,
and silver hnlHon. which wm purchaeed
at a coat of $127,770,088. -
Til! SILVKa PURCHASES.
The purchase of .liver bullion, nnder
ii i ..: IA 1RIMV rpnoeil Novem-
uionti"" ..i.i- . -
her 1. 1303, and tip to that time there
hail I'een pnrenasen unrnm mo um
vear ll.Ol7.iU58 78 flue ounce! at a cost
of 8 715.521 32, an average cost of
110.7313 per tine ounce. me loim
nmount of lilver purchased from the
.:.. ,i.t u.n innlr alTet nntil the re-
II III 17 um. ' " v'" - - - -
neal of its purchasing clause, on the
t ale last meniionen, was em,ii,'m .
i i Lt.lL f- which 1B6.031.002 25
was paid, tba average price per fine
ounco being u.ue-t
Th. Wur livimriment.
From the report of the secretary of
war it appears tnai me arrengm oi um
army on September 80. 1804, was 2,135
-m'. - OR Atiliaturt men. A 1-
Ollicwia - . ,, , .
though this ia apparently a very slight
decrease, compared with the previous
i. ..in.l Ai1wnl.ivA form has been
increased to the equivalent of nearly two
regiments throngn ine orKnimituou ui
l. r Anniiincv anil thn rnn.A-
quent release to reaimental dutyol a
large force of men hitherto eerving at
the recruiting depots. The abolition of
these depots, it is predicted, will further-
more enecr an annum n"
,orji nrui In i.ha Himcfc eznenili'
t urea, besides promot ng generally th
i.u .n.l nianlnltna of thn
troopi. Th execution ol tb policy of
innanlpillnn 41. a avmtf af. Imnrtrt.An
centers of population and transportation
lorniiauoweit in tlie last annual repon o
tlie secn tarv. haa resulted In the aban
don men t of 15 of the smaller posts,
which was efTccted under a plan wliich
assembled organizations of the same
regiments hitherto widely separated.
This renders our .mall force more read
ily effective for any service which they
may be called npon to perform, in
creases the extent of the territory under
protection without diminishing the
security heretofore afforded to any
locality, improves the dicipline, train
ing and esprit-dn-corpi of the army,
be.ide! considerably decreasing the cost
of its maintenance. Though the force!
of the department of the East liar
been somewhat increased, rrnre than
three-fourth! of the army ia .till
stationed west of the Mississippi.
This carefully matured policy which
secures the best ami greatest service in
tl.e interest of the general welfare from
tha small forces comprising onr regular
army, should not be thoughtlessly em
barrassed by tlie creation of new and
unnecessary post! through act! of con
gresi to gratify the ambitions or in
terest! of localities. While the maxi
mum legal strength, throiieh various
cau.es, is but little over 20,000 men, the
purpose of congress does not therefore
seem to be fnllv attained by the exist
ing conditions.' While no considerable
increase in tlie army ia, in my judg
ment, demanded by recent event., the
policy of tea coast fortification! in the
prosecution of which we have been
steadily engaged for some years, ha! so
far developed aa to suggest that th
effective strength of the army be now
made at least equal to the legal
strength.
COST Or THE ARMY.
The total expenditure! for the war de
partment for the year endinit Juno 30,
1804. amounted to 150,030,009 84. Of
tins mm 2,000,014 0J waa for salaries
and contingent expenses, 123,005,150 16
for tlie support of tlie military estab
lishments, (6,001,032 23 for miscel
laneous objects, and $25,371,155 t)0 for
public works. This latter sum include!
$10,404,037 49 for river and harbor im
provement!, and $3,074,863 66 for forti
fications anil other work! of defense.
The appropriation! for the current year
aggregated $52.4.'0,112 73. and the esti
mates euumiLUii by tho secretary of
war for the next fiscal year call for ap
propriations amounting to (52,318,
029 65.
The eVill and industry of our ordi
nance officers and inventors have, it is
believed, overcome tlie mechanical ob
stacles which have heretofore delayed
the armament of our coasts. This great
national undertaking upon which we
have entered may no proceed as rap
idly as congresa shall determine. With
a supply of finished guni of large cali
i i.. nn iiaml t.i whii'h adilitinn.
uci ancnui uii w .
thould now rapidly follow, the wisdom
of providing carriage! and emplacement
for their mount cannot be too strongly
""The' total enrollment of the militia of
the several atates is U.ojj orm-ere anu
enlisted men, an increase of 5,313 over
the nnmber reported at the close of the
previous year. Tlie reports of inilitia
inspections bv regular army officers
show a marked increase in interest and
efficiency in state organisations, and I
-..... I .. .. ... i) a -nntinnance of
Btruiigiv nawMtii" . --
the policy of affording every practical
possible to this im
portant auxiliary ot our military esiau-
liKliiuent.
IXntAH PRIFOXKRS.
tu- ::..:. Af .i.a inantia Tnriiana
AllO WIIUI.IUll Wl in ..H.h -
held as prisoners by the government for
eight years at cost Ol JDW,uuu naa oeeu
changed during the year from captivity
to one which gives them an opportunity
to demonstrate their capacity for self
support and at least partial civilization.
Legislation enacted at the latest session
f ..r..w, na..a ll.a trnr ilpnartment
J vuuicoq -..w . 1
authority to transfer the survivors, who
number 34a, irom juouni vernon uar
racks, in Alabama, to many suitable
rneorvalinna Tim (tonartlllPIlt Selected
as their future home tlie military lands
near Fort sill, Indian territory, wnere,
under military surveillance, Ihe former
I.....A I...,, n nil. Ill laliml in
agriculture under conditions favorable
to their advancement.
i -a... .;;.. nf ilia Inn- anil niatln
gn,ithed military services and faithful
uiBctiarge oi me uencnio iu ittiiuu-
;l.i ilniiu. lit, M!inp.f;pnrfll John
IIUIQUIIV.IUHtB ' J ... j.. . " -
f u..i.nitnl.i timp tTAni.i'al nitiiiiianflinff
the army, it is suggested to congress
mat tlie temporary revival ui mo Biuo
of lieutenant-general in his behalf
nl.l U a .tn. I irrai.inna ae.t. and
I. Uli in a. jiist.ui. ..v ,
would permit his retirement now near
t hand with rank- beniiing nis menu
llenat-tmeut of Juallra-
ft.A nun,! nl tli a nl tnrnev-ireneral
J. iiv . v ix.i w. n- .
notes uie grawymg protiicaa iuuo u
tha suDreme court in overroming the ar-
raara nf itjt lin.iiiess and in reaching a
..li,ir.r, in l.i, ll it Will llfl ulllo tO (ii.
nA nf tha m as thev arise without
any reasonable deiay. This result is, of
course, vesy largely ujo tu . cuivc-
u-n-L-. n, run man iiiHiiLfiirALiiiir un-
n.,1,1. nf nnimala. ln rpfiOPCt tO
VUIV v vj i, i u v.. "I , 1 ' r
these tribunals a sujigestion is made in
Quarters entiiieu io me niKiiron ara""-
ili.i an Aililitinnal firnnit tllllorA
for each circuit would greatly strengthen
. 1 ll.. .nH.l..i,iA Mnnuhl
llieSe COUnH Him UW IVHimriim . j-v...
.I.ni. A.l...,li..nlinna anil that SUl'll an
addition would not ciate a greater force
i a I -. tnoudim. linainttOB nl
ninth eottrU requires. I commend the
nnmreRtions to the careful consideration
of i-onsfresa. Other important topics are
advocated in me repon. wwiuwimw
i ..rtrtltit irtn j mitnv nf w liirh
have been treated at large in previous
.i . . i. : . .;n.A llt-vulnMi
messages anu t vmo uii vuv....,
i l .. i,a namod. T rp.far to the
Ileal win lJ" ' -
abolition of the fee system as a measure
of compensation to levierai eauw, toe
enlargement ot the powers of United
States commissioners at least in the ter
ritories; tne allowance oi i t.iui
in criminal cases on behalf of the United
t .. . ,i,a Asialilishinnnt of a irrade
OttttCB, nut -
bv congress in the crime of murder. A
J . , ,. ... ... . L. llAmnit.lMTIIiral
topic oean wihi vy tuc -uv.-of
much importance is the condition of
the administration oi juomt -
. I'L a luifmaiipnt solution
unto wniwij. -
of what is called the Indian problem is
probably not to oe expecieu ii
but, meanwhije, such ameliorations of
present conditions as tno ciotnig oj
f mi ..im;t nf nniyht not to hn neff'
lected. I am satisfied that there should
Mill will HIUIIVU. ' ' " - ' . ' .
i ninni wtttr-t oarn.niiRiifMi mr liic ioi-
:a iHU onffioiortfc 1!ldt7PM And til lit
this court should eit within the territory
and have tne same jiinainnui
. li. :nl -ll'-tm aa ia nnw vp.ted in ttl
lernwiiai au.o . - ,
federal courts sitting in Arkansas and
Texas. -
mm nxiOH rACtriO BAtlWAT.
Another subject of pressing moment
3NurrU to DJ tne attorucjr-i,ct4,wia a
reorganization of the Union Pacific Rail
way Company on a osia eqmtarile us
regard! all private interests and as favor
able to the government as existing con
ditions will permit. Tlie operation of
a tail road by a court through a receiver
is on anomalous state of things which
should be terminated on alt ground!,
public and private, at tlie earliest pos
sible moment. Besidee. not to enact the
needed enabling legislation at the pres
ent session post pones the whole matter
until the asemoling of a new congress,
and inevitably increases all the compli
cations of tlie situation, and could not
but be regarded as a signal laiiure to
solve a problem which has practically
lieen before the present congresa ever
since ils organization. ,
Kight yeara ago, in my annual mes
sage, I urged npon congress aa stronidy
ai I could Ihe location and conitruction
of two prisons for the confinement of
IfnliMl States nrisoner!. A eimilar rec
ommendation has been made from time
to time since, and a lew years ago a law
waa passed providing for the selection of
sites for these institutions, ao appro
priation has, however, been mule to
.. . , . i i it. ni.i
rnrrv the act inio enect, am, tuo uiu itnu
discreditable condition .till exists. It is
not my purpose attbi! time to repeat
the consideration! which make an im-
Dresnable case in favor ot the ownership
and management bv the government ol
penal institutions in whicti tne leoerai
prisoners aro confined. I simply desire
to again nrge mv former recommend
tirns on the snbiect and to particularly
call the attention of congress to that part
of tlie reoort of the secretary of war. in
which lie states mat me military prison
at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, can be
turned over to the government as a
firieon for federal convicts without tne
east difficulty and with an actual saving
of monev from every point ot view.
Pending a more complete relorm, i hope
that bv tlie adoption of the suggestion
of tlie secretary of war this easy step
may lie taken in the direction oi tne
nrnner rare of its convicts by the gov
ernment of the United States.
PnatnflloB Department.
The report of the postmaster-general
presents a comprehensive statement of
the operations of the iostoffice depart
ment for the last fiscal year. The re
ceipts of the department during the
year amonnted to $7o.080.40 04, and
the expenditures to $S4,324,414 15. The
transactions of the postal service in
dicate with barometric certainty tlie
fluctuation in the business of the coun
try. As much, therefore, as business
complications continued to exist
throughout the last year to an unfore
seen extent it is not surprising that tlie
deficiency of revenue to meet the ex
penditures ol the po8torace uenanment,
wliich was estimated in advance at
about $8,000,000. should exceed tlie es
timate. The ascertained revenues last
year which were the basis of calculation
for the current year, lieing less than es
timated, the deficiency for the current
year will DO C'irresponuiiiKiy greater,
"though the postiiiaster-general states
that the latest imlicationa are so favor
able that he confidently predict! an in
crease of at least 8 per cent in the
revenues of the current year over those
of the last year.
The exDenditures increase steadily
and necessarily with the growth and
neHiia of the country so that tho de-
lii'iene.v ia creator or loss in any year
Spending upon tne volume oi receipts.
the postinasier-geuerm staters mat tins
ilHticienev is unnecessary and might be
obviated at once if the law regulating
rates upon mail, matter ot tne second
class waa mollified. The rate received
for tlie transmission or tins second-class
matter ia 1 cent ner pound, while the
cost of such transmission to the govern
ment is eight times that amount, in
tha treneral terms of the law this rate
covers newspapers ana periouicais,
; . TUB LAW ABUSED.
The extension of the meaning of the
tArmB from time tJ time have admitted
to the nrivilcacs intended for legitimate
newspapers and periodicals a surprising
range o! publications, anucreaieuauusea
tlm c.nst of which amount in the nzzre-
gate to tlie total deficiency of the post
nftice ileoartment. Pretended newspa
pers are started iy ousineea nouses lor
tlm mere nurDose of advertising troodj,
complying with the law in form only,
and discontinuing tne puoucaiions aa
soon as the period of advertising is over.
Sample copies oi pretended newspapers
are issued in great numbers for a like
purpose only. Tlie result is a great loss
of revenue to the government besides its
bnmiliatimr nse as an agency to ant in
zzni r ri" ut
.. . ,
nf a trick nnon
both its rival houses
and the regular and legitimate news
papers. Paper-covered literature, con
sisting maiuly of trashy novels, to the
extent of many thousands of tons, is
sent thronith the mails at 1 cent a
pound, while the publishers of standard
works are required to pay 8 times that
amount in sending their publications.
An abuse consists in tlie free carriage
through the mails of hundreds of tons
of seed and grain uselessly distributed
through the department of agriculture.
Tlie postmaster-general predicts that if
the law be so amended as to eradicate
these abuses, not only will the potofnce
department not show a deficiency, but
he believes that in the near future all
legitimate newspapers, periodicals and
magaxines will be properly transmitter!
through the mails to their subscribers
free of cost. I invite your prompt con
sideration ot this subject, and fully in
dorse the views of the postmaster-general.
The total number of p wtolfices in
the United States on the 30th day of
June, 1804, was. CS.805, an increase of
1403 over the preceding year. Of these
3428 were presidential, an increase in
that class of 63 over the preceding year.
Six hundred and ten cities and towns
are provided with free delivery, 03 other
cities ami towns entitled to this service
under the law have not been accorded it
on account of insufficient funds. The
expense of free delivery of the current
fiscal year will be more'than $12 300.000,
and under existing legislation this item
of expenditure is subject to constant in
crease. The estimated cost of rural free
delivery generally is to very Jarae that
it ought not to be considered 'in the
present condition of affairs.
There are connected with the post-
office establishment 32,661 employes
who are in the classified service.. This
includes many who have been classified
on tlie amreestion of the postmaster"
general. He states that another year's
experience at the head ol the depart
ment serves only to strengthen his con.
viction as to the excellent workins of
the civil service In thia branch of the
pUM MTVIC.
The Financial Question.
n i .1.. iot ,nntt. tha .ml,! n.
.erve In the treasury for the purpose of
redeeming the note! of the government
circulating as money in the hands of tlie
people became io reduced, and its fur-
depletion In the near future.eemed ,
an certain that in the exercise of proper
caro for the public welfare it became I
ntcesaarv to replenish the reserve and
thus maintain popular faith in the abil
ity and determination ot the government
to meet as agreed its pecuniary obliga
tions. It would have been well if In
this emergency the authority had exist
ed to issue bonds of ihe government
bearing a low rate of intereet and ma
turing within a short period. Tho last
session of congress having failed to con
fer ench authority, resort a as necessa
rily bad to the resumption act of
1875. and, pursuant to its provisions,
bond! were issued drawing interest at
the rate of 6 per cent per annum and
maturing 10 vears after their issue, that
being the shortest time authorized by
the act. I am glad io eay, however,
that in the sale cf the bond! the
premium received operated to reduce
the rate of interest to be paid by the
government to less than 3 per cent.
Nothing could be worse or further re
moved from sensible finance than the
relation! existing between the currency
iha onvernment lias issued, the gold
beM for its redemption and the means
which must be resorted to for the pnr
poa of replenishing each redemption
fund when impaired. Even if tha
claims npon this fund were con
fined to the oblizntioni originally
intended, and if the redemption 6f
these obligation! meant their cancella
tion, the fund would be very
small. But these obligation! when re
ceived ami redeemed in gold are note n
celled, but are reissned and may do duty
many times by way of drawing gold
f..n tho treasury. Tims we have an
endless chain in operation, constantly
depleting the treasury's gold, and never
near a nnai rest, as u uni "
annmrh. n have bv a statntory declara
tion that it U the policy of the govern
ment to maintain tne parity uetwceu
.,i.i .n.i atimir ai.leil thn force and mo
mentum of thU exhausting process and
added largely to the enrr-ncy obligations
claiming this peculiar gom raueiuptiun.
Our small sold reserve ia thus subject to
drain from every side.
DEMANDS ISCREAStXO.
The demand that increase onr danzer
also increase the necessity of protection
this reserve against depletion, and it is
most unsatisfactory lo know that the
protection afforded is only a temporary
palliation. Jt ia perfectly and plpably
plain that the only way under the
conditions by which this re-
-o-ua vhnn iln.nierou"! v depleted, can
be replenished is through, the issue and
..I. nf hnmla of the government for go'd.
and yet congres has not only thns fur
declined to authorize the issue of bonds
best suited to sncli a purpose, but there
seems a disposition in some quarters to
deny both the necessity and power for
ilm issue of bonds at all. I cannot for
. ntnmxnt helieve that any of ourcitix
ana are lelilieratlv willing that their
..narnmantahnnld default in its pecnni
ary obligations, or that its financial
operations shoald be reduced to a silver
basis. At anv rate, I shonia not ice
that my ilatv was done if I
omitted any effort I could make
to avert such calamity. At
long, therefore, as no provision
is made for the final redemption or
the putting aside for the currency obli
gation now used to repeatedly and con
stantly draw from the government its
gold, and so long as no better authority
for bond issues is allowed than at pres
ent exists, such authority will b
utilized whenever and as often as be
comes necessary to maintain a sufficient
gold reserve and abundant to save the
credit of onr country and make good tlie
financial declaration! of our government.
Questions relating to our banks and
currency are clois'y connected with the
subject just referred to, and they also
present aome unsatisfactory features.
Prominent among them are the lack of
elasticity in our currency circulation
ami its frequent concentration in finan
cial rantara whe,; it is most needed in
other parts of the country. The abso
lute divorcement of the government
from tlie business of banking is the ideal
relationship of the government to the
circulation of the currency of the
country. ;
SECRETARY CABUSlt'S PLAX.
This condition cannot be immediately
ivpap
reached, but as a step in that direction
nd M ,.. . mo
tie currency and obviating other objec
tions to tlie present arrangement of bank
circulation, the secretary of the treasury
presents in his report a scheme modify
ing the present banking lws and pro
viding for the issue of circulating notes
by state banks free Irom taxation, nnuet
certain limitations. The secretary ex
plain! his p'an so plainly, and its ad
vantages ar developed by him with
eucn remarawuio cicm irao,
anv ettort on my part ui prrae r
argument in iti support would
be snpeinnona. x snau. uiiwiuir.iw
tent mvsell witn an nnqnanneu inuorsu
ment of the secretary'! proposed changes
in tha law and a brief and an imperfect
statement of their prominent feature-.
it ! nmnAial to reneai all laws proviu-
inir fnr the deposit ol United states
hnmla aa necuritv for circulation : to per
mit national banks to issue circulating
notes not exceeding in amount 75 per
cent of there paid-up and unimpaired
capital, provided they deposit with the
government as a guarantee fund in
ITn ia States local tenuer notes, inciuu-
in inumin notes of 1803. a sum ol
equal amount to 30 per cent of the notes
thev desire to issue; una urimsiv it
maintained at all limes, but whenever
any bank retires any part oi its c i renin
. nrnnnrtinnam nart of its
entrant fund shall be returned t
it; to permit the !eoretarv of
the treasury to prepare an't t um
hand ready "for issue in case an increase
in circulation is decried, blank national
fnr AAnh bank bavins circu
lation, and to repeal the provision! of
tha nresent law imposing limitations
and restrictions, thus permitting such
inAAAAen nr ralnction within the limit
nf tho 7R nnr cent of capital to be
nniAVlu mailn aa emergencies arise
Tn addition to the iruarante fund
reou ired. it is proposed to provide
aaiottr hind for the immediate re.
demption of the circulating note! oi
failed banka by imposing a email an
nual tax, lay one-halt of 1 per cent
nnnn tha avnr&irA circulation of eact
bank until the fund amounts to 6 pe
sent of th total circulation ouiaianuaug
Department or Asrieitmire. .
Thn secretary of agriculture In III! ro-
fort, rovie jr. the operation, of hi. do-
make. recommendation! for the further
extension of it! usefulness. 1 le report. .
savimr in the i expenditure during the
arttrrW'Th,;.i.rY.e,23bS
n nt.ipA annronriat ion. A.
special etudy has been made of the ia
mand for American farm . products in
all foreign market!, and specially
Ureal Britain. That country received
from the Uoited State! during tho nine
month., eniling beptemher av, . inii-t,
onr. mo liva hoi.f caiile. valued at $'o.-.
500,000 as against 182.011 cattle valued
at tio,Oi,uou, uuiiiik mo
period lor 18n3. Jiunng ineiirt
aix months ol jo, tne uiuwu
dom took also 112,000,000 pounds of
dressed beef from the United uiaici,
valned at nearly $10,0f0.000. Tl.e re
port ehows that during the nine month!
immediately preceding September 30,
1894, tlie United State! exported to
Great Britain 22Z.070.uuo poitnua oi
pork; of apples. 1,iHaJ,uoo, vaiueu at
$2,600 000; and of bor.ee, 2881, at an
average value of $189 per head. Hiero .
was a tailing on in American vh.vo.
wheat of 13,600,000 bushels, and the
eecretary is inclined to neiieve innt
wheat may not, in me ininre, no tno
staple export cereal product of onr
country, but lliat corn will con I inn to
advance in importance aa an export on
acconntofthenew nse! to wkU.lt -it is
constantly appropriated.
The exports oi auricuuri
Imin I I. a United Slates for the fiscal
vear. endine .lone 30. 1801, amonnted to
028,383,038, being 72 28 K-r cent of th
American exports oi every uesuripiiuu,
and the United Kingdom ol Oreat
Biitain took more than o per cent in
all farm products finding foreign luar
kete. , .
Tha TarlBT. '
Tlie tariff act pa.sed at ihe last.cssion
of congress need imoitaiit amend
ments if it is to be executed effectively
ami Willi certainty. In addition to such
necessary amendments as will not change
the rates of duty, I am still very decid- .
edly in favor of pulling roal ami iron
upon the free IM. So far as the niwr
schedule is concerned. I would lie glad,
under the existing naaravalinns, to ceo
every particle of differential duty in fa
vor of refined smtur stricken out of our
tariff law. If with all thn favor Record
ed the suear-refininif interest in onr tar
iff laws it still langui -lies to the extent
of closing reri neries and disclin rging I lion
sand of workmen, it would seem to
present a hopeless caso for reasonable
legislation. Whatever elso is done
or omitted, I earnestly rciwat hero the
recommendation I have made in an
other portion of this communication,
that the additional duty of 1-lOih of a
cent per pound laid, upon sugar im
ported from countries paying a bounty
on its ejport le abrogated. Jt seeim I
me that exceedingly important con
siderations point to. the propriety of this
amendment with the advent of a new
tariff policy not only calculated to re
lieve the consmners of onr land in the
co-tof their daily life; but to invite a
better development of American thrift
and create for ns clostr and more profit
able commercial relation, with Ihe rest
of the world, it follows as a Ionic! and m
imperative necessity that we should at
once remove me ciuei, u not " "'.
obstacle which ha to long prevented
our participation in the , foreign
carrying trade of the sea. A
tariff built upon tn meory mat
it ia well to check imports, ami thai
a home market should bound the indus
try and effort of Amsiican prolncers,
was fitly anoDlemented by a refusal tc
allow American registry to vessels bnill
abroad, thouith owned and navigated by
onr own people, thus exhibitimra willing
ness to abandon all contest for the ad
vantage of American trans-oceanic car
riage. Our new tariff policy, built npon
the theory that it is well to enwnrage
Btich importations as onr people need,
and that our products and manufacture!
should find markets in every part of the
habitable globe, is consistently supple
mented by the greatest possible liberty
to our cilixens in the ownership and .
navigation of ships in which onr prod
ucts and manufacturers may bo trans
ported. The millions now paid foreign
ers lor carrying American passenuera
and products across the sea sliduM be
turned into American hands. Ship
building, which has lieen protected lo
strangulation, should be revived by the
prospect of profitable emoloyment for
ships when hnilt, and the American
sailor should be resurrected and aunin
take his dace, a atnrdv ami industrious
citizen in time of peace and a pitriotic
and safe defender of American interests
in the day. of conoict. The anyient
provision of onr law, denying American
registry to ships built abroad "and
owned by Americana, appears in the
liirhtof present conditions not only to
be a failure for good at every point, but
to be nearer a relic of barbarism than
anything that exist, undo- th per
mission of a statute of the United
States. I earnestly recommend itl
prompt repeal.
,,, ,,.-r .
The Strike Inve.tlKnllnn.
Br virtue of a sta'nte of the United
States, passed in ISS-t, I appointed in
July last Hon. John I). Kman. of Ilia
state of New Vork, and Hon. Nicholas
8. Worthington, of the state of Illinois,
to confer with Hon. Carroll D. Wright,
commissioner of labor, who was desig
nated by said statute, a commission for
the purpose of making careful, inquiry
into the causes of the controversies be
tween certain railroads and their em
ployes, which hail resulted in an ex
tensive and destructive strike, accom
panied by much violence ami dangerous
disturbances, with considerable loss ot
life and ereat destruction of property.
The report of tha commissioners has
been submitted to me, ami win tie.
transmitted to congress, with the evi
dence taken upon their investigation.
Their work lias been well done, and
their standing ami intelligence give
assurance that the report and sug
gestions they make are worthy of care
ful consideration.
. "' Coneloalon. . i.
I conclude thii communication, fully
appreciating that the responsibility f ir
all legislation affecting the people of the
United States rests npon . their rep-
resentatives in congress, and assuring
them that whether in accord tnee with
the recommendation! I have made, or
not, I shall be iilad to co-operate in per- .
fecting any legislation that tenda to th
prosperity and welfare of oar country.
Wo one will be.nrprlrtl to 1-arn th' n-ti!-tljliten
aon-ider fnoibaU brutal. II renilr m
priaraahter'a Intellect i suite UtK!l4!te die.
UIMUl