I "THE MIST"
I Official Paper
I
I Colnmbia : County.
nn
"THE MIST"
CIVICS ALL '
The Official and Other News
or- , .
Colnmbia : County.
VOL. 10.
ST. HELENS. OIIKGON. FRIDAY, DECEMBER 8, 189.1
NO. 0.
OREGON
MIST
THli OREGON MIST.
iNt!t:i;v:iiY ruiUAV Moiiruriu
THE MIST PUBLISHING COMPAHT,
DAVIS BROS., Manager.
OFFICIAL COUNTY PAPER
ult.crlpilnit Itaiee.
On. nony year In ailnsiii'S
(Hi I'lipy months .,. ,
VIiiiiI (ioiy , ,
.11 M
... 76
Advrllii llaiee.
I'mlr.lmint cards on year.,,.. , I 12
One uulliuill one year Hi
Half '! it mi. year 7
Utiarter viiliunii mi. year 40
One Inch oil. tumult ..... ..
Oil. tiiuh tlirra itiiiiiflts ,
On. Ini'li six iniiulli....
Iii'nl nuilces, ISreiil.per line for llr.l hier.
(in : iu I'.iiin i.r nut me .iwu tuiMii.iii in.
eitrlliill.
I.KI wlv.rllwm.nU, II Ml iMr Inch fur Aril
liiaoriliiii, mnl 79 cents r luitli fur each sulise
queul insertion,
COMJMIIIA COUNTY lmtKOTOHY.
VouhIF Olliecr..
Judge.,,,... ,...Ui lllatirherit, Rainier
t!ers , , K. X. Uuli'k, H. Helens
Hlietllf , (, A. Mewl.-, HI. Helens
Trwtatif r .....K. M. Wharton, i:uluiila city
Hunt, nf School. T. J. Cleen.u. Vernon
Assessor W. II. Kysur, Halultir
Surveyor A. H. Utile. Haoiler
i. i . IH. U. Hi-ho-iiioner, Veruouui
v"" vv HariiM, Maysvr.
Kiel' Nalleee.
Maminic. HI. Helens Loose, No. M-.n.eular
eoiiiiuiiiiii'Kilon. riri .ml ihlr.l Mmurday In
each nil etJiHur. a. l Majuuilo hall. VUH-
lim numbers In jood ainu.lina-liivli.il to at-
AU'wiSto.-Heluler UmU., No. il-RTeted
meellii Hnlunlay mi nr before each full iiiuuii
at 7,SUr. H. l Mamiilii hull, over lllenchartl's
tor.. VMHim members III uuil atauilhi la-rlli-.l
to lltnl,
Mini rkbuwa-M. Helens IxvIk. Nn. 1IT
Meota .very Haiunlay uliilil at 7 . 'I run. lull
uroihteu In iiuwl siamilng ounllelly luvlieu to
lieud.
I h. nail.
Unwii rlv.r (huei) rimes at I Mi. .
Cu rlvnr (l.allHol r. at.
The mull lor Vernoiila ami I'lttalmrs Lav..
St. Iluloiui Ui.n.ln), Wednesday ami Friday at
AM
The mail for Marshland, rlsl.lattl. end Mist
li. uliiiiMuiKlay, Wednesday ami Friday
"MaiT'rnllwr) mirth cluM ' 10 A. M l for
I'oriUud at A v. M.
'Iravm.i.' litiHe Mlver llaulre.
iK.Nnll, W, Hiisvae,- li'M W. Helen"
f..r I'orilaml at II . Tnly, Thurlv end
attorney. Iwm M. Helen, for rieiskault
M.iu.lny. WwlulHy ami Friday at S IX) A. .
HrstMK la4i.i.-liea t. Helena for Port
Iau.l7,ii. h.ittnriiliiN at ItiMI r. .
(irrnaiaa i-nwu Ki.ijwlri. Helena
tl.i V IMi-eiM KlllMliiy. hi i a. n- nr
...'litiMl Crtlrillil at
or oriinuo .. .o, w - l" ' ' . . .7.
ill :m- r.'iiiriniiH. mnif
I'onlaiii l t r, .. airlvlna at HI. Helena!).
rittiKKSSloNAli.
jyi ii. it. cuKf,
nivsiciAN and suunicox.
Hi. Helena, Or.yoii.
I)
It. 1. K. IIAI.U
PHYSICIAN and SURGEON.
Tlatxkntiie, Coluuilila county, Or.
4 . I.ITTI.K,
iV.
SURVEYOR and
CIVIL ENGINEER,
HI, Helena, Oregon.
Comity aurvryor. I.nnd etirveylnr, town
plattiitK, ami niKineering work protnptly
(lime.
For rnformatlon Mill tr Hanrtk writ.
MIINN 0 ' BHIIAIIWAT. NlW T
AUIiwt bureau for Mauri tenU In An
V..r. muni taken out br u. la brmiiltt I
TOI
be publlo by a nutloe I won (re at euara. U m
Lanmat elmilattnn of any aolMitina PI"' 'ri n
5c Hi'lMiuiuIr lllu.traUKl. No WJll'M1
man Teho. hi b. without tt. Weekly. M,Ma
inart tlMitii montha. Addreaa AiONN 4 CO,
Vuauauuui, 301 llroadway. Mew Vort Ul
The Overland Route.
Two tralna dally, leer,
lug Fifth anl I etrmte,
Urmid Central Depot.
mm
No. 7, "The Limited
i Kat Mull," leavlni at
! 7:80 r. earrlea Veatl-
I tmle riiltnian raiar.
Weeiliit and Din ni
I Can and free Keolinliif
Chair Car. lliroiiifi
ir..m I'nri ana in vui-
caiu,viauiiuuuii num.,
...i r i Miancr. Tli I trri
tin niaKea uireu.
fur iwnvpr, in---
Cltv. rlt. Uiuli.
alaocarrlealtirnuin
C l. KarnilhKtmi. B'?. for Dav Urn Tom
Linking dlre.it iiiiiell)i ' ' rom
Ni
cirr
'.nPorV;; Tw Ml.nurl river W'ur'i;
I hn.tiai'. irnlna arrive at 7 in A. M and r. .
tn
DOHA
I P..UTI.AND.
I.KAVESAK FaANCietO,
Coluuioia ... '.,'5
Rlate May, J, 17. r
OreKoii 'if 4i '"i "1
Coliimlil .Iy H, i0
Miaie MaylJ.24
OrK.i........ ' ,.,. io enauga
Tub tinniiiai j ,
.teainer.nr.ll mk;I- ..
1-OIUI.ANU AND ANIJR'
Ini leave-I'ori and djtlly,
nntiTK-Moni-
, excetil Hiinday,
M. The wnrnina " , T U., Tnllr,.
'.""""IVkm rdar.-Ko tl, e Wa.liii.ictlm aide
d.i.i. una Hiur",'J'. d irr()Bvi. Knim Aa
Moudnya, Wet l.ieaif. " on
torla ''' ;r ;Xv.?Weihiedyi and Krl.lay.,
a'XS ' hi wh. IU aid. T...d.y.. Thura-
I.. .V ' I..MI Port and max
ui., . except Biiixiay. id at a p. M.
Vine .' '."10 wlv I.ANDINOS-Moti-
"a'.'i.o'THKB Steam.r. from A.h-.tre.t
flock. -r-2M Waahlntton ttraat,
B i Tjr TRADI MANKt,
SJG2f OMIOM PATBNTi.
as ooPvmoHTS, toJ
nulla nrtiiy.c
cent Htinly.i 6r&," ..hp. v.; return
in
NEEDS OF THE NATION
President Cleveland's Annual
Message to Congress.
DEVOTED MAINLY TO ROUTINE
Nothing Definite Submitted on tha
Hawaiian Question Upholds
the New Tariff Bill.
IVIi!hii 1 0 roviT Clcvclitnil ' fl rot, mps.
WK to tlm 61 eonKreK bh-hmii'iIcI in
rvM whhIoii who iin-Hi'iitcd to the two
hutiHoii anil rt'tnl in both. The full text
uf tlto iiKKHKe la:
The vuiiHtittitKMiul ilutv whlrli ri'diiirea
thtt prwiilt nt fmiii tiiiiu to time to nive
to ronKri'KR iiifiiriiinliini of tlm nlittM of
tht) Union ami to rtconmii'iiil to their
(iiimi.lcriitioii Hiteh mat Uta an 1m uliull
JiiilKB nt'twuary i littinulv ontcrwl upon
oy uoiniiKMiilitiK to conirrcaii a careful
recotniiii'tiilnliiin of tlm detailed utate-
nientHand wall-mipttorted recommenda
lioiiR eiintained In the report, of the d
partniunU who are ehielly charged with
the executive work of tlie government.
in an etlort to anrnltre thin rxniiiminicn-
tion, aa mni li ho In coriHiHtvnt with its
iiiirtHMie, I hIiiiII Huimleinent a brief ri'f-
ertni:e with the con ten In of the depart
mental reportH by the mention of ouch
executive IniHitieHH ami incident!) a are
not einbraeed therein and bv audi rec-
oinmenilationM as niear to be at this
particular time appropriate.
Our Vnfign Klittluna.
While our fureiiftt relaliona have not
at nil time during the put year Ih-iti
entirely free from preplexiiijr, yet noem
barraanintr Rituationa remain that will
not yield to the apirit of fnirneng am
love of jimtice, which, Joined witu con
nislent llrmneaa, characterize a truly
American x)licy.
AROKXTINK-UKAZII, IIOt'NDAIlY DlfPUTR.
Mv pretleceHDor havinit aiieiiiiil Hie
office of arbitrator of the l-'titr atuiiiiinu
boundary dispute tendered to the pn ri
dent by the Arsentiue !c'iiMlc. and
Brazil. It haa been mv aenalil'1 dulv tn
receive the rnerial envo a romini.ion
bv theae rtalea to lav before niw the evi
dence and arettnient. In liehalf of their
rcupei tive (joveri -meiita.
TH BBZIUAN HKVOIjUTION.
The outbrvak of dii'iieatic hn-tilitiiw
n the repuniic of liraxii loitmi Hie
United Statet alert to watch the in-
tereata of mr citizena in thnt 1jiintry.
with w hich we carry on Importnnl cont-
merce. poveral ve-aeia oi our new navy
are now. and for aome lime have lieeti,
tationeil at Kto do Janeiro. I lie ftriti;-
nlu Utin Itxtu'l.pn tll.l i.tll I l-lll, IfllV
-- -.-
I eriiiiieiib. which nniu"ni'wiiii ii iin i
of administration, Bit'l with which we
maintain friendlv relation., and co'tittn
Oftlcera of the navy emplovimt llieve
eelo of their command in an nttm'k upon
the national capital and chi f eenport.
nd lacking, aa it' doea, the eie-ncnN of
divldexl adminiftratinn. I have fuilid to
ee that the inurifent can rea-onnlily
claim recoanllion aa Ix-llitt'Tenta. Thun
the position of our government ha lieen
that of an attentive, but imtmrtiul ou-
erver of the unfortunate conflict. Km-
phaeiiiiiK our llxetl policy ol impartial
neutrality In audi a condition of alt'aira
aa now exietit, 1 deemed it necensary to
disavow, in a manner not to be una-
underatooil, the unauthorized a lion ot
the late naval coininaiider in those
watera in fainting the revolted Brazilian
admiral, being indieiKtaed to cotinle-
nance an act calcuiateu to Rive graiui
toua sanction to the local insurrection.
TUX CHILIAN CLAIMS.
The convention between our eovprn-
ment and Chili, having for its object the
aettlenient and alijiiatment of the de
mand of the two countriea against wh
other, haa been made ell'ective by the
organixation of the claims commiHnion
provided for. The two governments ian
loir in nuree itnon the third niemtier of
the cotniuiKHion, the good ofllces of the
preeident of the Swiaa repultlio were in
voked as provided in the treaty, and the
selection of the Swiss representative in
this country to complete the organixa
tion was gratifying to the United States
ml Chill. .
The vexations question oi eo-canei
legation asylum for offenders against the
state and its laws was presented anew in
Chili by the iinauthonxed action of the
late unitetl Btaies mininwr in receivm
in his oilleial residence two persons who
huil (ailed in an attempt at revolution
and against whom criminal charges were
pending, growing out oi a lonner ooor
tive disturbance. The doctrine of asy
lum as applied to this cane is sanctioned
by the best precedent, and when allowed
tends to encourage sedition and strife.
Under no circumstance can the repre
sentatives of this government be per
mitied, under the ill-deli ned fiction of ex
tra territorialty.to interrupt the adminis
tration of criminal Justice in the coun
tries to which they are accredited. A
temperate demand having been made
by the Chilian government for the cor
rection of this conduct, in the instance
mentioned, the mini-ter was instructed
no longer to harbor the offender.
TUB CHINKKK QUEHTIOM.
The legislation of last year, known as
theUoarv law, requiring the registra
tion of all Chinese laborers entitled to
residence in the Unitetl States and the
deportation of all not comp ying with
the provision of the act within the tune
prescribed, met with much opposition
from Chinamen In this country. Aciing
tinnn the advice of eminent counsel that
the law was unconstitutional, ',H B'ent
mass of Chinese laboreif, iiending judi
cial inquiry as to its validitv, in in awl
faith declined to apply for the ceil ill
cat required bv its provisions. A Ic'
upon a proceeding by haheas corpus was
brought before the supreme court, and
May ir, tKIKI, a tlecii-ion was matin by
that tribunal sustaining the law. It i"
believed that under th lecent amend
ment of tlie act. extending thelinio for
the registration, the Chines" IhIhiiits
thereto entitled who desire to reside in
this country will wv avail 1.hemelyo
of the renewed piivilive thus iilloidnl
bv establishing hv lawful proe-dnre
their right to remain, snd Hint ihen-liv
the necessity f enforced deportation
may, to a great degree, be avoided.
COSTA BtCA'B HURRKN0KR Of WKBKS.
Costa Rica has lately teat Hied its
friendbness by surrendering to the
iT..i.t Htiifoe In the ahsnce of a con
vention of extradition, but ti"H duly
submitted evidence of crimina ity, a
noted fugitive from Justice. It Is trusted
that the negotiation of a treaty with that
country to meet the recurring caves ol
this kind will soon be accomplished. In
my opinion treaties for reciprocal rel i
tions should be concluded wiih all lliee
countries witu which the Unitetl Stat
has not already a conventional arrange
ment of that character.
Till COMTA BI0A-C0LOMHIA DIKP0TI.
I have deemed it fitting to express to
the governments of Costa Hiu and
Colombia the kindly desire of the United
States to see their pending boundary
dispute finally closed by arbitration, in
conformity with the spirit of the treaty
concluded between them some years
Ago.
RKI.ATtONS WITH IDROPKAN POWKItS.
Our rtdatloni with the French repub
lic continue to be intimate and cordial.
I sincerely hope that the extradition
treaty with that country as amended by
the senate will be consummated.
While occasional questions affecting
our naturalized citizens returning to tlie
land of their birth have arisen in our in
tercourse with Germany, our relations
with that country continue satisfactory.
The questions affecting our relations
with Great Britain have been treated in
a spirit of friendliness. Negotiations are
in progress between the two governments
with a view to such concurrent action as
will make the award and regulations
agreed Uon by the Behring-sea tribunal
of arbitration practically effective, and
it is not doubted that Great Britain will
co-operate freely with this country for
tlie accomplishment of that purpose.
The dispute growing out of the discrimi
nation of tolls imposed in the Welland
canal, upon cargoes of cereals bound to
and from the lake porta of the United
States, was adjusted by the substitution
of a more equitable schedule of charges,
and my predecessor thereupon suspended
his proclamation imposing discriminat
ing tolls upon British transit through
our canal. A request for additions to
the list of extraditable offenses, covered
by the existing treaty between the two
countries, is under consideration.
POINTS AT ISBUC WITH HAYTI.
During: the past year an American
citizen employed in a subordinate com
mercial position in Hay ti, after suffering
irotracted imprisonment on an nn-i
onnded charge of smuggling, was finally
lilierated upon a justice's examination '
Upon urgent representation to the Hay
tian government, a suitable indemnity
was paid to tlie sufferer.
By a law o' Hai ti a sailing vessel hav- '
ing discharged her cargo is refused
clearance until tlie duties on such ratgo
have been paid. The hardship of this
measure upon AmericNii ship-owners,
who conduct the bulk of the carrving
trade of that count rv. baa been insisted
on with a view of preventing a recur
rence of Ibis cause of comp'tiint.
ODB NKABKeT SOUTH KHN NKIOIIIIOKS,
Our relations witli Mi-xico coiiliiitie to
be of that t-lo-e and friendly nature
which should always cbaincter.xe the in
tcrcotiieof two itciglilMir ng rt publics.
Tlie work of relocating the inoiiuim ills,
marking tlie lioiiiiditrv between ilo
couture from l'ao Del JSoite to the
Pacific, is now clearly completed. The
commission recently orirHiilcd under the
conventions of 1884 and IRSO. it is ex
pected, will speed y settle dii-piilt-sgiow-ingiititof
the shiitillff cmivnlH uf lliO
Kin Grande river ea-t of Kl I'aso.
AMIU1I0AN INTERKrTH IN NICAB.1G0A.
Nicuiattua has recently passed throtiith
twii n-voltitioiis. tlie parly at first suc
cessful having in turn been disp'aced by
another. Our newly appointed minis
ter, by his timely good elloris, aided in
peaceful adjustment of the ontro
versy involved in the first conflict, lhe
largo American interest established in
that country in connection with the
Nicaragua canal were not molested.
Tlie canal company has unfortunately
become financially Beiiously emljar
rassed, but a generous tieatment has
U en extended to it by the government
of Nicaragua. The United States is
especially interested in the successful
achievement of the vast undertaking
this company has in charge. That it
should be accomplished under distinct
ively American auspices and ita enjoy
ment assured not only to the vessels of
this country, as a channel of commercial
communicttt ion between our Atlantic and
Pacific seaboards, but the ships of tlie
world in the interests of civilization, is a
proposition which, in my judgment,
docs not admit of question. I
DICTATOR, BUT NO RBVOI.T. I
Guatemala has also been visited by
the political vicissitudes which have
afflicted her Central American neigh- ,
bora, but the dissolution of ita legisla-'
ture and the proclamation of dictator- !
ship have beeu unattended by oivil war.
NEW KXTRADITION TREATIES.
An extradition treaty with Norway
haa recently been exchanged and pro-
claimed. ' .
The extradition treaty with Russia, 1
signed in March, 1887, and amended
and confirmed by tne senate in reuru
ary last, was duly proclaimed last June.)
AFFAIRS IH SAMOA.
Led br a desire to compose differences
and contribute to the restoration of
order in Samoa, which for some years
previous had been the scene ot connici
fng foreign pretentions and native strife,
the United States, tieparting from its
nnlinv mim derated bv a century of ob
servance, entered four years ago into
the treaty ot Benin inereoy oecuuinig
jointly bound with England and Ger
many to establish and maintain Malietoa
Laupcpa as king of Samoa. The treaty
nrnviilml fop a foreilTIl Court Of JtlBtlce
and a municipal council for the district
of Apia, with a foreign president thereof
auuionzea io an vise me awa., -bunal
for the settlement of native and
foreign land titles,, and a tevenue system
for the kingdom. It entailed upon the
three power that part uf the cost of
tlie new government not met by the rev
enue of the island. Early in the life of
thi triple pro ectorate the native dis
sensions it was designed to quell were
revived. The rival defied the author
ity of the new kinii, refusing to pay
taxes and detna' ibng th election of a
ruler by native sutlratte. Matanfs, an
aspirant to the throne, snd a
large numlier of his nativo adherents
were in open reltellion on one of the
islands. Quite lately, at. the request of
I lie other powers and in fnltllluient of
its lrtv oliligations. this government
aureed to unite in a joint military gov
ernment of such dimensions aa would
probably secure the surrender of the in
surgents without bloodshed. The war
ship Piilladelphia waa accordingly put
nnilei- orders for Samoa, and before she
arrived the threatened conflict was pre
cipitated b Chief Matasra (attack tiion
the insurgeiiis' camp. Malaafa wasde
letbd and a numlier of men killed. The
British and German v ssels present sub
sequei ttly secured ihe stirr-nder of M
tnafa ami hi adherents. The defeat !
chief and 10 of hia principal snpnoiti
were deported to a German island of tha
Marshal group, where they are held a
ptitoners, under the Joint responsibility
snd cost of the (line powers. This Inci
dent and the events leading up to it sig
nally illustrate the impolicy of entang
ling alliances willi foreign xjers.
CLAIMS AOAINST VENEZUELA.
Ill view of the impaired llnain lnl re
sources of Venezuela, consequent upon
the recent revolution there, a modified
arrangement for tlie satisfaction of the
awards of the late advisory claims com
mission in progressive installments iias
been assented to, and payments are be
ing regularly made thereunder.
The bourulaiy dispute between Vene
zuela and British Guiana is yet unad
justed. A restoration of diplomatic Intercourse
between that republic and Great Brit
ain and reference of the question to im-
tartial arbitration will be a most grati
ying consummation.
The ratification by Venezuela of the
convention for the arbitration of the
long-deferred claim of the Venezuela
Transportation Company is awaited.
The Hawaiian A flair. ,
It is scarcely necessary for me to state
that the questions arising from our rela
tions with Hawaii have caused serious
embarrassment. Just prior to the in
stallation of the present administration
the existing government of Hawaii bad
been suddenly overthrown, and a treaty
of annexation had been negotiated be
tween the provisional government of the
Islands and the United States, and sub
mitted to the senate for ratification.
This treaty I withdrew for examination
and dispatched Hon. James H. Blount,
of Georgia, to Honolulu a a special
commissioner to make an impartial in
vestigation of the circumstances attend
ing the change ef government and of all
conditions bearing upon the subject of
the treaty. After a thorough and ex
haustive examination, Mr. Blount sub
mitted tome his report, showing beyond
all question that the constitutional gov
ernment of Hawaii had been subverted
with the active aid of our representative
to that government and through the in
timidation caused by the presence of an
armed naval force of the United States.
which was landed for that purpose at ,
the instance of our minister.
INSTRUCTIONS TO WILLIS.
Upon the facts developed it seemed to
mo that the only honorable course for
our government to pursue was to nndo
the wrong mai nau oeen uone oy uiu-w
representing us, and to restore, aa far a
practicable, the status existing at the
the titn of our forcible intervention.
With a view of accomplishing this re
sult, within the constitutional limits of
our executive power, and recognizing all
our ohligatiotis and responsibilities
growing out of anv changes in the con
dition brought about by our nttjustill
able interference, our present minister
at Honolulu has received appropriate
instructions to that end. Thus fur no
information of the aecomplislim-nt of
anv definite remits ha lieen received
from him. Additional advices are so in
x iiecte I. Wli -n receive I, they will he
prompt U sent to congress, together with
all other in (urn in lion at band, accom
panied by a special executive message
detailing 'lie a t necc..arv to a com
plete understanding of the rae, and
presenting a hislory of all the material
events leading up to the present situa
tion. PEACEFUL ARBITRATION.
Hv a concurrent re iliir-on pawd by
the senate February 14. 18IM). and by the
icnise f repr-aentaivi'S the 3d of April
following, the president was requested:
"To invite from lime to time, as the
fit occasion may arise, negotiations with
any government with which the United
States has or may have diplomatic rela
tions, to the end that any difference or
dispute arising between the two govern
ments, which cannot be adjusted by
diplomatic agency, mav be referred to
arbitiation ami be peaceably adjusted
by BUch means."
April 18, 18SX), the International
American conference of Washington bv
resolution expressed the wish that all
controversies between the republics of
America and the nations of Europe
might be settled by arbitration, and
recommended that the government of
each nation represented in that confer
ence should communicate this wish to
all friendly powers. A favorable re
sponse haa been received from Great
Britain in the shape ot a resolution
adopted by parliament July 13 last, cor
dially sympathizing with the purpose in
view and expressing the hope that her
majesty' government will lend ready
co-operation to the government of the
United States upon the basis of the con
current resolution above quoted. It
affords me signal pleasure to lay this
preliminary resolution before congress
and to express my gratification that the
sentiment of two great and kindred na
tions is thus authoritatively manifested
in favor of the rational and peaceful set
tlement of international quarrels by
honorable resort to arbitration.
I OUR REPRESENTATIVE ABROAD.
1 Rim e the nassace of the act of March
8, 1893, authorizing the president to
raise the grade oi our envoys w corres
pond with the rank with which foreign
countries accredit their agent here,
Great Britain, France, Italy and Ger
many have conferred upon their repre
sentatives at this capital the title of em
haaaador. and I have responded by ac
crediting tlie agents of the United State
in those countries wun me same uue.
A like elevation of mission is announced
by Russia and when made will be simi
larly met. This step fitting y comports
with the position the United States
holds in the family of nations.
Tim CONSULAR SERVICE.
During my former administration I
took occasion to recommend a recast of
the laws relating to consular service in
order that it might oecome a more enr
rinnt urenr.v in the promotion of the in
terests it was intended to subserve. The
duties and powers of consuls have ben
expanded with the growing require
ments of our foreign tra le. Discharging
important duties affecting our com-nmi-cB
and American citizens abroa
and in certdn countries exercising
judicial fine tions, these officers shou d
la mn of character, intelligence ana
ability
wttkvrtov or the coPYRiniiT.
1 Upon pioof that the legislation of
Iienmai-K secures copvrigni io Aun-nu.iu
i-itiiMis on eonil footing with its own.
the privilege of our copyright laws have
lie n extended by proclamation tj the
subjects of that onntry.
I One Kin mesa.
I The secretary of the treasury reports
tll;!t the receipts OI uiegovermiifiii, imm
all sources during the fiscal year ended
June 80, 1803. amounted to t4itl.710V
Ml ii4, and its expenditures to ,1450,874.
1174 2 ). There wa colleetetMmm ens-
jooa oak ftin 7K ami fiyi'it internal
. tun IV27 fi-4 113. Our dutiable
iin.ni.il ..noiintHil to 421 256.511. an
increase of 162,453,007 over the preced
ing yaars, and the importations frM ol
duty amounted to 1444.1)44,211, a de
crease from the preceding year of IIS,
453.47. Our internal revenue receipts
exceeded those of the preceding year by
$7,147,445 83. The total tax collected
was;
On dl-tltled spirits
On matiufrtci ured lobacou...,
On fermented llitiora.....
,M,T20,5 U i
'." 1 j
iw.w 07
We exported merchandise during tha
year amounting to 847,6o5,194, m de-crea-eof
$182,613,249 64 from the preced
ing year. The amount of gold exported
was larger than any previous year in the
hUtorv of the government, amounting to
$108,680,844, and exceeding the amount
exported during the preceding year by
$58,485,617. The sum paid from the
treasury for sugar bounty waa $9,375,
130 81, an increase over the preceding
year of $2,033,053 09.
NEXT YEAR'S ESTIMATE.
It is estimated upon the basis of the
present revenue laws that the receipts
of the government for the rear ending
June 30, 1894, will be $430,121,365 38,
and It expenditure $458,121,365 38. re
sulting in a deficiency of $28,000,000.
On the first day of November, 1893, the
amount of money of all kinds in circula
tion or not included in the treasury
holdings was $1,718,544,682, an increase
for the year of $112,404,945. Estimating
our population at 67,426,000 at the time
mentioned, the per capita circulation
waa $25 49. On the same date there
was in the treasury gold bullion amount
ing to $96,657,273, and silver bullion
which was purchased at a cost of $126,
261,553. THE SILVEB PURCHASES.
The purchases of silver under the law
of July 14, 1890, during the last fiscal
year aggregated 64,008,162.50 fine
ounce, which cost $45,531,374 63. The
total amount of silver purchased from
the time that law became operative un
til the repeal of its purchasing clause,
November 1, 1893, waa 168,674,590.46
fine ounces, which cost $155,930,940 84.
Between March 1, 1873, and November
1, 1893, the government purchased un
der all laws 603,001,717 fine ounces of
silver, at a cost of (516.622,946. The sil
ver dollars that have been coined under
the act of July 14, 1890, number 36.087,
285. The seigniorage arising from such
coinage was fo.wv.tiyo 3, leaving on
hand in the mints 140,699.760 flue
ounces of silver, which cost $126.58.218.
Our total coinage of all metal du-ing
the last fiscal year consisted ot :
pi ce. .97m,75
Valiin 4,5SS.IH1 80
Hold Coin ),03H,H0 00
Rllrer rtol ar. 633,716 00
Knh.ldiarr silver eoln.
7 217,
Minor colni..... .......
..... l,0Ki,la! W
Dnrintr the calender year 1892 the pro
duction of precious metal iu the United
State was estimated to be:
Fine ounce, fold l.W-,378
Commercial and coinage value.- rtywo.nnn
Fme oinicea silver- . . ,.v.i
million or mnrket value 10,7 ',
Coinage vulae. . 7-l,9S9,'Jju
Tt estimated that on July 1. 1893,
tliemetallicstockof money in theUni ed
States, consisting of coin and bullion,
amounted to si.zid.oo.i io, i which
$5117.897 6S5 was gold and S;Gl5,Sol,484
silver.
TnE HATIOXAI, BASK.
One hundred and nineteen national
banks were organized during the year
ended Octobei3l, 185U. with acapitalof
$11 2.),0oU porty-fix went into volun
tary lianidat i mi aiid lfiH suspended. Of
the' suspended hanks 03 were insoV n
86 resumed business, ami 7 rem lined in
tlie bands of bank examiner with pros
pects of speedy resumption, oi lite new
moss ui .iti.e-l. 41 were located in ine
Kaslern stales. 41 west of the Mississippi
river and 34 in the Central ami Sotithern
stales, 'lie total numtier ol national
batiks in existence October 31. 1893, was
3716. having an aggregate capital ot
if.'. 15 5.1-2,1. The net increase in the
circulation of these banxa during the
year was $36 886.973.
EFFECT OF BEFEAL.
The recent repeal of the provision of
the law requiring the purchase of silver
bullion bv the sovernment, as a feature
of our monetary scheme, makes a change
in tne complexion oi our currency
affairs. I do not doubt that the ulti
mate result of this act will be most salu
tary and far-reachinsr. In the nature
of things, however, it is impossible to
know at tni8 time wnai conomons win
be brought about by the change, or
what, if any, supplementary legislation
may, in the light of such conditions,
appear to be essential or expedient. Of
course, after the recent financial pertur
bation, time is necessary lor me re-es
tablishment of business confidence.
When, however, through this restored
confidence, the money which ha been
frightened into biding places is return eo
to trade and enterprise, a survey of the
situation will probably discloso a safe
path leading to a permanently sound
currency abundantly sufficient to meet
every requirement of our increasing
population and business. In the pursuit
of this object we should resolutely turn
away from alluring and temporary ex
pedients, determined to be content with
nothing less than a lasting and compre
hensive financial plan. In these circum
stances I am confident that a reasonable
delav in dealing with this subject, in'
stead of being injurious, will increase
the probability ot wise action.
THE BRUSSELS CONFERENCE.
The monetary conference, which as
sembled at Brussels upon onr invita
tion, was adiourned to November 30, 'n
the present year. The considerations
Inst stated, and the tact that a definite
nropositon from the United States
seemed to be expected on the reassem
blins of the conference, led me to ex
press a willingness to have the meeting
still further postponed. It seems to mo
that it would be wise to give general
authority to the president to invite
other nations to uch a conference at
any time when there should be a fair
prospect Ot accompiisning an interim
t ional agreement on the subject of coin'
lie. -
' ISSUK OF BONDS.
I desire also to earnestly sngcest the
wisdom of amending tie exist nzsiat-
iitia in retraTil to the issuance of govern
ment bond. The authority now vested
in the secretary of ti.e treasury to issue
bonds is not as ciear as it sikjuiu do,
and the bonds authorized are disadvan
tageous, both as to their maturity and
rate of interest.
The XTr llepartment.
Th secretary of war reports that the
strength of the army on the 30th day of
September last was z-),'S ennsien men
and 2144 officers. The total expense of
this department for the vear ended June
80, 1893, amounted tt 61,900,074 89. Of
this sum. $1,092,581 95 was for salaries
and contingent expenses. 423,377.828 36
for the support of the military establish
ment, 10 (n 7.033 23 for miscellaneous
ohlecta. M20.158.631 41 for pnhlic works.
This latter sum includes $16 296,876 46
for river and harbor improvement-, and
$8,266,141 20 (or fortifications and other
works of defense. The total enro lment
of the militia of the several stale waa
on the 31st of Octolier of tlie present
rear 112 5:17 officers and enlisted men.
The ollicers of the army detailed for tlie
inspection and instruction of Ibis reserve
of our military force report that in-
creased interest ami progress are app ir-
.... i fl10 Jiinlinp nn( eHiriencv of
the organization. Neither Indian out
breaks nor domestic, violence has called
the trmv into service during the year,
and the' only active military duty re
quired of it lias been in the department
of Texas, where violations of the neu
trality law of the United State and
Mexico were promptly and efficiently
dealt with by the troops, eliciting the
warm approval of the civil and military
authorities of both countries.
A YEAR OF PEACE.
The operation of wise laws and the In
fluences of civilization constantly tend
ing to relieve the country from the dan
ger of Indian hostilities, together with
the increasing ability of the states,
through the efficiency of the National
Guard organizations, to protect their
citizens from domestic violence, lead to
the suggestion that the time is fast ap
proaching when there should be a reor
ganization of our army on the lines of
the present necessities of the country.
This change contemplates neither an in
crease in number nor added expense,
but a redistribution of the force and an
encouragement of measures tending to
greater efficiency among the men and
the improvement of the service. The
adoption of battalion formations for in
fantry regiments, the strengthening of
the artillery force, the abandonment of
certain unimportant positions and the
massing of the troops at important and
accessible stations, all promise to pro
mote the usefulness of the army. In the
judgment of army officers, with but few
exceptions, the operation of the law for
bidding the re-enlistment of men after
10 years' service has not proven it wis
dom, and, while the argument that led
to its adoption were not without merit,
the experience of tbe year constrains me
to join in the recommendation for ita
repeal.
OUB COAST DErXHBKB.
It is gratifying to note that we have
begun to attain completed result in the
comprehensive scheme of sea-coast de
fene and fortification entered upon
eight years ago. A large sum ha been
already expended, but tne cot oi main
taining will be inconsiderable as com
pared with the expense of contraction
and ordnance. At the end of the cur
rent calendar year the war department
will have nine 12 inch guna.20 10-inch and
34 8-inch gun ready to be mounted on
gun-lifts and carnages, and 75 lZ incli
In addition to the product of
mortars,
the armv gun factory now completed at
Wateivliet, tlie government lias con
nected with private parties for the
purchase of 100 guns of these calthers,
the first of which shiuld b delivered to
the department for test before July 1,
1894 The manufacture of heaw ord
nance keeps pace with current need,
hnt to render these guns available for
the pnrnose thev are designed to meet.
emplacements must be prepared for
them. I'rogress lias neen inane in mis
direction, and it is desirable that con
gress, by adequate appropriations,
should provide for the uninterrupted
prosecution of this necessary work.
THE NEW BIFI.E DfiiiKCTKU,
After much preliminary work and ex
haustive examination in accordance
with the requirements of the law, lite
lioard appointed to select a magazine
rifle of modern type to replace the obso
lete Springfield rifle of tlie infantr. scr
vi e completed its laliors during the last
year, and the work of manufacturing is
now in progress at the national armory
at Springfield. It is confidently ex
pected that by the end of the current
year our infantry will be supplied with
a weapon equal to that of the nioat pro
gressive armies of the world.
NATIONAL MILITARY PARKS.
The work on the projected Chicka-
mauea and Chattanooga military park
has been prosecuted with zeal and judg
ment, and it opening will be celebrated
during the coming year. Over nine
square miles of the Chickamauga battle
field nave been acquired, zo miies oi
road have been constructed, and per
manent tablets have been place, at
manv historical points, while the invi
tation to the states to mark the position
of their troops participating in the bat
tle has been very generally accepted.
The work of locating and preserving
the lines of battles at Gettysburg battle-
neia is maaing sautuacivry prog-reeo u
the plans directed by the last congress.
MILITARY ACADEMIES.
The report of the military academy
at West Point and the several schools
for special instructions of officers show
marked advance in the education of the
army and commenaaoie amDiuon
among its officers to excel in the mili-
taryprotes8ion ana vo ni wemseives lor
tne mgnesb service w iu. vuuiibrjr.
Tinder the supervision of Adjutant-Gen
eral Robert Williams, lately retired, the
bureau of military information nas be
come well established and is perform-
in? a service that will put in possession
oi the government in time of war most
valuable information, and at all times
serve a purpose of great utility in keep
ing the army aa vised oi me worm.
progress in all' matters pertaining to the
rt of war.
Pii.tmaater-Qeaeral.
The report of the postmaster-general
contains a detailed statement of the op
erations of the postoffice department
during the last fiscal year and much in
teresting information touching this im
portant branch of the public service.
The business of the mails indicate with
i i . M t;,:rt ,l . lax npon incomes m-rivru iruw i-rrmui
fJJ0 corporations. Th.ee new assessments
busies of the com ntry, am 1 -leprM- t , ,lmoutelv jurt ,m)
smn in nncul affair 'Heritably ami b w , ' fa
!-.'K!klfy J" 1 VJ L than of " " be remitted with-
1,1 i?? In?! ZtTJn oh unfavorable business disturbance
anTexSndlt is TheM orSs ' UnPtU
nnavoiSIblt . result ot the j ,t for the tmeccs of
"iPf'Z.r Z rmmc o uZime ' w I -nr,ot restrain the sug-
out the'onntry during rrtUm that its success can only be at
covered by tbe postmaster-general re-, fBjnrf ,)y mpan, of nnMBih nnA on
At a date when better times were an- Prt ' e"l":P' "'i!l.or
Vcipai?,.,l hW.?i TaTJl 12
dettissor that the deficiency on the 30th
dav of June, 1893, would be a little over
f 1,500.000. It amounted, however, to
more than $5. O K) 000; at the same time
and under the influence of like anticipa
tions, estimates were made for the. cur
rent fiscal year ending June SJ. 19-1,
which exhihitud a surplus of revenue
over expenditures of $872,215 71. But
now, in view of the actual recdipU and
expenditures during that part of the
current fiscal year already expired, the
rei-ort of the postmaster-general esti
mates that at it close, instead of a sur
plus; there will be a deficiency of nearly
$8,000,000. )
DISCOVERY OF FRAUD.
The execution ol tins law in its early
stages does not seem to have len in ac
cord with its tiuu intention, but toward
the close of the last administration un
authoritative ronstiiiclion was given to
the statute, and Since that time Ibis
construction lis been followed. This
has bad lite ell. ct of limiting theopeta
lion of the law io its intended pnraise.
Tlie discovery having bten made that
manv names bad been put npon Ihe
pension loll by means of wholesale snd
gigantic Iramis, the commissioner sus
pended payments njon a numlier of
pensions which seem to be fraudulent or
unauthorized pending a complete exatni- .
nation, giving notice to the pensioners
in order that-they might have an oppor- ;
tunity to establish, if possible, tbe jus
tice of their claims, notwithstanding ap
parent invalidity. This, 1 understand,
is the practice which has for a long tima
prevailed in the pension bureau, but af
ter entering npon these recent investiga
tions the commissioner modified this
rule so as not to allow, until after com
plete examination, interference with the
payment of a pension apparently not al
together void, but which merely had
been fixed at a rate higher than that au
thorized by law.
: Tha Tariff. "'"
After a hard struggle, tariff reform is
directly before us. Nothing so impor
tant claims our attention and nothing so
clearly presents itself as both an oppor
tunity and a duty an opportunity to
deserve the gratitude of our fellow citi
zens; a duty imposed npon us by our
oft-repeated professions and by the em
phatic mandate of tbe people. After full
discussion, our countrymen have spoken
in favor of this reform, and they have
confided the work of its accomplishment
to the hands of those who are solemnly
pledged to it. If there is anything in
the theory of a representation in publio
place of the people and their de
sires, if political officers "are really
the servants of the people, and if
political promises and professions
have any binding force, our failure to
give the relief so long awaited will be
sheer rocreancy. Nothing should inter
vene to distract our attend m or disturb
onr effort until this reform is accom
plished by wise and careful legislation.
While we should stancbly adhere to the
principle that only the necessity of reve
nue justifies the imp sition of tariff du
ties and other federal taxation, and that
they should he limited by strict economy,
we cannot close our eyes to the fact that
conditions have grown up among na
which in justice and fairness call for dis
criminating care in the distribution of
such duties and taxation as tlie enter-
P"cy of our government actually de-
wands.
A REDUCTION TN NECESSARIES.
Manifestly, if we are to aid the people
directly through tariff reform, one of it
obvious Icatuies should be a reduction
in the present tariff charges npon the
necessaries of life. The benefit of m h
a reduction would be palpable, and t-ali-stantially
seen and teit by thousands
who would Ih3 lietter fed, better clothed
and better sheltered. These gift should
be the willing benefactions of a govern
ment whose highest lunclion i the pro
motion of the welfate of ihe jieople.
Not less cloeely le ated to our peope't
prosperity and well-being is t lie re
moval oi restrictions upon ine importa
tion of raw ii alenal necessary to our
manufacturers. 'J he world should be
open to our national ingenuity and en
terprise. Tins cannot be while federal
legislation through the itnHJtilioii uf
high tariff forbids to American nirnu
factnrers as cheap materials as llits-e
used by their competitors. It is quite
obvious l hat the enhancement of the
price of our manufactured products re
sulting fiom this policy not only con
fines lhe maiket for these products
within our own borders, to the direct
do-advantage of our manufacturers, but
also increases their cost to our citizens. -
THE INTERESTS OF LABOR.
The intresets of labor are certainly
though indirectly involved in this fea
ture of our tariff system. The sharp
competition and active struggle among
our manufacturers to supply the nnited
demand for their goods soon fill the
narrow market to which they are con
fined. Then follow a suspension of the
working of mills and factories, a dis
charge of employes and distress' in the
homes of our workingmen. Even if the
often disproved assertion could be made
good that a lower rate of wages would
result from free raw material and low
tariff duties, the intelligence of our work
ingmen leads them quickly to discover
that their steady employment, if per
mitted by free materials, is the most im
portant factor in their relation to tariff
legislation.
THE WILSON BILL COMMENDED.
A measure haa been prepared by the
appropriate congress committee em
bodying tariff reform on the lines herein
suggested which will be promptly sub
mitted for legislative action. It is the
result of much patriotic and unselfish
work, and I believe it deals with its sub
ject aa consistently and thoroughly as
the existing conditions permit. I am
satisfied that the reduced tariff duties
provided for in the proposed legislation,
added to existing Internal revenue taxa
tion, within the near future, though
perhaps not immediately, will produce
sufficient revenue to meet the need of
the government.
THE INCOME TAX.
The committee, after full considera
tion and to provide against a temporary
deficiency which may exist before the
bnsines- of the country adjusts itself to
the new schedules, nave wisely em
braced in their p'an a few additional in
ternal revenue taxes, including a small
1 subordinate personal desires ami ambi-
tions to tbe general good. The local in
terests affected by the proposed reform
re so numerous and an varied that, if
all inrist npon legislation emhoriving
them, the reform in ist inevitably fail.
" Cnneln.lon.
In coric1n'on mv intense feeling ot
responsibility impel me to invoke for
the mnnifold interests of a generous and
confiding people thu not scrupulous
rare, and to phdge my wi ling support
to every leg slative effort tor the ad
vancement of the greatness and proa
perity of ous balovad country, .
tu" itant Oanaral rp,Aa,;,6f,