Name:
(inyoryKnniis, PhD
.[distant PivJessoruJ
Via mail hwuuvivh'
Stanford I uin'iMt,
What's your dream?
M\ dad’s a physn tan I distint tly
remember. when I was in grade si hud.
lie told me that nerves were basic ally
ekrtnt al I wontiered then why von
couldn't wire those nerves toelet tn mu
devices As it turns out, it’s a very
complicated, fast man rig problem.
In essent e, my dream is tt > trv to make
diret 1connectk ms In mi prosthetic
devk es ti i the human nervous system,
and to learn a It it by cl< iing that
along with my students '
What do you do?
"Iiasi< ally, we Ye trying to make an
interfaceIxiwtvn nerves- 01 what
we call liveware' and hardware
Hie puqxise is tot reate an artificial
limb that rescinds dirts tly tt i |ks ijlie’s
thoughts In essence, letting the
human I rain a introl an anifit lal hand
arm, or leg It's not a new idea, it's just
that the teehnok igy kts-| is gt 1 ting
liettei anti liettei And now it's in the
realm of the |Xissilile
The main thing we do involves
silicon chips that translate Iletwtrn
clean mu signals and nerve impulses*
St i far we've implanted t hips in animal
nerves and prt ivtsl that these t hips ein
stimulate a netve.uitl ten ml signals (mm
it essentially, talking hick and ft >rth tt)
the brain
In our wt irk, we use Mat intosh
o imputeis to design chips, run expen
ments, visualize data, anti wnte up
our findings "
Name:
(Jins Catello
Major area of study:
hi duel Design
Year:
Mailer's Program,
School of higimvnng
Hometown:
Art/ Yuri: Art/ Ymi
What’s your dream?
1 want to design products that add t<i tlw : iiit\ )f < >ur lives tilings that
celebrate how we live
The world is ixxommg a itk ire and m< we h< >mr igenized place. and pn. ducts
are bet < lining more and more alike i want tt > find a way to create pn ducts that are
mass-pn xiueed. vet look like they were created In a craftsman, not a machine
metai-cuttingequipment Hus pngram leLs .1 designer qxx ltv !< > tse
[Xiramelers for a pn xlm t 'I hen the a wnputer itUKi-. >miv generates vanaiK >ns
within those [parameters, and aut< xnaticnliv generates the oxie to drive
tire metal-anting machine
Ihe idea is that a manufacturer can nuke a pnxluct iwng advanced
nusvpnxJuction manufacturing techniques hut ''till make each item
, 1 \mt t tt )u it I#-1
What do you do?
'Tills quarter, I wnite a Macintosh pn igtam that
cktnges the design and manufacturing pn«ess
in some fundamental ways First, it's highly
interactive', whic h pn >m< >res greater expit ram >n
in the design pluse. Second, it randomizes
the manufac tunng phase, alk wing fc ir vaitrn a is
among the finished pn ducts
Right nc w. I'm using this program to
c rente spxx ms although it c ould lie Lulored
toe reate car tenders, imvc le seats, howls,. a
anything civ The pn gram ranckimlyrhc« "
fnan different sizes, s< ales, and itetaticins c if shajxs
that are sjxxmlike and presents thedesignt"
with options Hverv time the designer runs
the pi' gram, it reates .1 tcrtaJiv different sp ■ '
This way, designers can expk ire (x xssil iilitn
that they ma\ u >t have c onjured up in then
own minds
The pnigram is aLv i c apablc cif mm x lu ulg
rtndc imncss n 1 the manufac tunng pn x ess
Triditionally, when it c 1 lint's to computer-ai< ki!
manufac tunng, designer* usually havetogr.e -ei \
pres iv, completely planned crmtmands to dove
f —; j
What are you most proud of?
Tni n nr (>f an ant mtalv at mv schx * >1
They an epted me inu > the graduate srhi * >1
of mo iunual engineering hut I don’t have
an engineering hat kgr Hind I luve an under
graduate tiegrer in design
I'd never lone am programming imiore
The idea that I aetually wrote s iftware that lieij >■
in the design pn x ess is wh.it I'm mi ist proud f
Why Macintosh?
Tve had this idea to lntnxlin e raixk mines''
or vanatit >n, t( i the design .uid manuhuiunng
pnx ess ft ir a w hile now
But \ mi know, it \\> mldn't have gone
! x v ond an idea it I didn't have a Mat inti «sh.
I think it’s amazing that ttiere are tix'is \\>u i at:
use ti i tk i si iinething like this Vm tk iri't have
to lx* a its linok >gist ora theoretinan all vou
luve to luve is an idea
Macintosh lets meapph m\ art school
Ixn kground in a very tea him al wt >rld and gt t
verv't oncrete results
Software:
• ■ \ ■
pmprvmminp
•A’. :/ A'n/> >' /no1, /•.
softmuvcommum tJlinns
•. l(/<P■ Hiu\iml ■'
illustration
•Aiilu' i \i cMidvt
pipe layout
Why Macintosh?
In 1985,11» oglu one of i lie first Mu intusl.. • >:i :[niit*rs wlu*n 1 was pur.any
my mastei s degree 1 wn »u■ my whole mastei 's ivjxm nn it Macintosh lets vou
Ix-i native and it lets vi m easih take advantage > )t the best pn grains writing,
(hawing, and spreadsheet programs
Sit k e then, I've Irern convinced it s the Ix-st way logo You (an use it to help
vi >u in vinuallv evn vtliing vou do as a scientist
We design stlu i in chip- :ii it We sum,.ate In av chips tk i !. urn an i S|v«: pi >hlems
before wc.ii tuaih imild them. We use it tocontnil the m lentitn instruments that
take measurements of the chips and nerves \u test in the Lib Everything Imm
getting thiatiia dtinnge\|)ertments a ■ analy/ing that data, from graphing the results
to publishing our findings it all hap|raison the Macintosh"
Software*
• > I'.«* I'n
iiitkilxL'k management
.
chip layout
u*>nlpnx vssing
ilata analysts, andgra/dnng
• .-it . i \iC: \
Imtrumcnk data m <jiusili< >n
and irntnimentafivn
What are you most proud of?
I m really proud of thepo >ple m my lal> 1 rn pmudc>1 everything
wei reate that w<»rk> \Xv continue K> Irani and build mi cur v, i esses
Were still ten wars a\va\ Imm being able to use t hi|)s in I uiuns
hut we'ir inspiaxi by the progress we re nuking
I us* my Macintosh
to slmulata both analog
anb digital circuit
deslnns, to ansura that
my chip layouts do what
they're supposad to do
1 also usa my Macintosh
to connect to tha campus
electronic mall and
interna! services, to
send findings to other
people on the project *
Name:
Mike Min
Junior
Electrical Engineering
Hometown:
SdUotna, Alaska
Tva interlaced the Macintosh
to our lab's Instruments This
means we can use It to control
the Input signal to the chip we
are testing, and record the output
data We also use it to graph and
analyse the data These results
can then be pasted directly
Into our scientific and technical
papers. The Macintosh greatly
simplifies writing papers,
grant applications, and other
documents"
Name:
Todd Whitehurst
Graduate Student
tkxtnuil Btgtneenrtg
Hometown:
Nashville, Tennessee
"I'm using the Macintosh
to design a set ol neural
interlace chips It's ideal
for this because, with
a large-screen monitor,
I can see most ot a chip
design at once "
Name:
T(wi Aniutu
Senior
Mrt lrn.u! Engineering
ami HiofafQ
Hometown
Baltimore. Maryland
Tm using the Macintosh
to gather data about neuro
logical signals Specifically,
we use the Macintosh to
stimulate one end ol a nerve
and then record the response
from the other end We will
use the Macintosh computer s
data analysis capabilities
lo see how well the nerves
have regenerated, and how
well they conduct signals
Name
iktnu-i /inker
Graduate Student
Mxincal Btginming
Hometown
Milwaukee Wisconsin
I'm involved In the biological
lasting and evaluation of ntural
interlaces in living animals
there art a series ol holes In
Ihe chips we design, so nerves
can grow through them. I'm trying
lo determine the optimal site
ol the holes and the placemen!
ot microelectrodes so the chips
can talk to the nerve libers 1 use
ihe Macintosh to design these
chips and to record and analyte
tala from experiments"
tame:
art llekzyiuia
'Hi D, Neuroscience
iometown:
Hrtghkm Michigan
"I'm wortlng on a microactuator—
on the scila ol 30 microns by
300 microns—that will ba used to
study the slsctrophyslology
ol tbs corneal nerves In tbs ays.
the proba bss tha ability to apply
a small lores (0-0.1 gram) In
a controlled manner This will
lei researchers correlate
stimulus force with neural
output—and thus gain a better
understanding ol now the cornea
sands signals to tha brain."
Name:
Hurt Kune
Graduate Student
Meihantuil btgtnming
Hometown:
Adee. Montana
“I'm working on a proloct
to micromachine actuators
I'm working on the fabri
cation ol electronically
actuated toggling elements,
which will be combined
to form a miniature spine'
manipulator that's smaller
than the diameter ol a human
hair Applications ot this
technology include elactro
optical switching, HDTV,
and microsurgery
Name:
Hon Maynard
Gnuliuite Student
Meehatnail Engineering and
Ekctncal Engineering
Hometown:
Snnnyu/Je. California
“I'm working on i project to
determine now the ear senses
and encodes sound Into neural
signals. There are thousands
ol auditory naive libers that
transmit signals to the brain
We hope eventually to listen In'
on several hundred ot them at
once, to better understand their
coda. Once we understand how
the ear encodes sound, we may
be able to replicate that process—
and. among other things, help
deal people hear the world around
them. I'm using the Macintosh
tor chip dasign. lor data analysis,
and tor writing papors about
this proiact."
Name:
Charity DeBa Sanlina
Graduate Sludent
But htgineermft
Hometown:
Oakland, Caltfumui