Students grapple with issues as
USSA congress gets underway
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Olum challenges
student delegates
to halt arms race
By Julie Shippen
Of the Emerald
Participants in the 37th annual United States Stu
dent Association congress barely had time to unpack
their bags and begin grappling with conference issues
before receiving a tall order from University Pres. Paul
Olum.
During his brief welcome to the approximately
258-member audience in Carson Hall on Saturday even
ing, Olum urged congress attenders to place efforts to
stop the nuclear arms race at the top of their agenda, as
he believes it must come first before all other issues.
“It really dominates everything because if we’re
going to solve all the other problems in the world, we
have to stay alive to do it,’’ he said. “The nuclear arms
“One must continue to work on
the problems of hunger, poverty
and human rights, but transcen
ding everything is the importance
of keeping this world going. ”
__ —Paul Olum
race has gotten to a point of such insanity, almost
hopeless insanity, that we must stop it if we’re even to
have the time to solve all the problems of the rest of the
world.”
Olum recalled his earlier pre-World War II years in
college as a period full of complicated issues, such as
the Nazi and Soviet movements, but lacking in organiz
ed student involvement.
‘‘At that time, formal student government never
did anything at all,” he said. “It certainly never took an
action, never stood for anything, never took a role in
anything.”
Olum commended the recent record of the Univer
sity’s student government and expressed his hopes that
the current office might follow its suit, thus avoiding
the pattern of student apathy that occurred in the late
1930s.
“My view is very strong, as it was in those days,
that it’s crucially important for student groups to
become concerned about what’s happening in the
world and try to do something about it,” Olum said.
Olum cited the work of campus-activists in the late
60s and early 70s as one example of how an organized
student-movement can be effective. Although many of
these efforts bom of “terribly important, new ideas”
died, those that survived went on to play an important
part in world affairs, he said.
“One should not forget that it was the activities of
student groups on campus — through all the frustra
tions, with all the problems, with all the disrepute —
that played an absolutely major role in bringing the
Vietnam War to an end,” Olum said. “Without the stu
dent activities, it would not have happened as earlv as
it did.”
Olum encouraged those working in current student
governments to continue this success in other areas,
whether it be working for student aid on the local level
or dealing with the crises in Central America or South
Africa. But as their highest priority, students should
work to end the nuclear race, he said.
“One must continue to work on the problems of
hunger, poverty and human rights, but transcending
everything is the importance of keeping this world go
ing,” he said. “I believe very strongly that students can
play a major role.”
, _ Photo by Michael Clapp
United State Student Association delegates from around the country took a break from
their busy schedule Sunday at a barbeque dinner under fair weather.
Task force emphasizes environment
By Jacquie Long
Of the Emerald
Environmental issues may be rising on the
United States Student Association’s list of
priorities as a result of environmental caucus
and task force meetings held Sunday.
The task force headed by Doug Norlen, Sur
vival Center director, is on the USSA congress
agenda for the first time this year and hopes to
elect a representative to the USSA board of
directors.
“Environmental issues are important
politically; USSA needs to expand its base to
cover these issues,” Norlen said.
Caucus members pointed out environmental
problems of particular importance to their
areas of the country and then discussed a
variety of universal issues. Participants found
several problems to be common priorities na
tionally, including the effects of acid rain,
deforestation, toxic waste dumps and extinc
tion of wildlife species.
Deforestation of rain forests gained par
ticular attention during the discussion and
Norlen pointed out that international con
glomerates have been logging the forests for
more cattle-grazing land.
“If the nukes don’t get us by the year 2010,
deforestation of our rain forests will,” Norlen
said.
Acid rain was also a major part of the discus
sion and several participants pointed out that
Europe's Black Forest was already dying from
its effects. Norlen compared the problem to a
car on its way over a cliff.
“The passengers aren’t dead yet, but they’re
damn sure going to be,’’ he said, adding that
the problem could have been solved a few
years ago.
Steven Ramseeur, a delegate from Lane
Community College, said this is not the only
problem that should have been handled years
ago.
“There’s been a struggle as to whether a lot
of organizations, including USSA, should
even address these issues. But we represent
higher education; we’re a center for the birth
of ideas and can have a positive benefit for the
world,” Ramseeur said.
The task force plans to submit an amend
ment to the USSA board that begins with a
'general statement of concerns and goes on to
specific goals and policies for the organiza
tion. Norlen said the caucus’s goal is to in
tegrate environmental issues with USSA’s
political platform.
“These issues are not complex at all; they
just need some political attention,” he said.
Even single votes count, delegates sav
By Julie Shippen
Of the Emerald
Individual votes really do count and in
surprising ways, say delegates of the
United States Student Association con
gress who directed the hour-long
workshop on voter registration held Sun
day at the Law Center.
Designed to review voter registration
systems and proven strategies for
registering student voters, the session
was highlighted by a presentation of in
teresting and often astonishing instances
where just a few thousand additional
votes would have reversed the results ot
various elections.
Among the sobering tallies outlined by
facilitator Todd Baker, chair of the Ohio
Student Association now attending Kent
State University, was a listing of state
names and the number of votes that gave
Pres. Ronald Reagan his victory over
former Pres. Jimmy Carter in 1980 in
those states, and the number ol
unregistered black voters for each state
that could have possibly made a dif
ference in the end vote count.
In South Carolina, for example, the
Democrats were defeated by 11,456
votes, Baker said. That margin becomes
increasingly narrow when compared to
the 292,000 unregistered black voters
who had the potential to keep Carter in
office for another four years, he said. In
addition, the black vote represents jusl
one segment of the total population, he
added.
Another situation that makes a power
ful argument against the belief thal
single votes don’t make a difference was
the race for the U. S. presidency in 196C
between former Presidents Richard Nix
on and John F. Kennedy. Baker said that
only 7,000 more electoral votes would
have put Nixon in office instead of
Kennedy.
A similar case was seen in 1976, where
Baker said a shift of 8,000 popular votes
in the states of Hawaii and Ohio would
have given Ford an electoral majority,
electing him instead of Jimmy Carter.
In non-presidential races, he cited an
election where 2 percent or less of the
vote decided nine of the 34 U.S. Senate
races in 1980, with Republicans winning
seven of those nine.
“It was on the strength of these that
the Republicans captured the Senate,
with 53 to 47 (seats),” he said. “Between
1980 and 1982, the Republicans cap
tured 14 of 17 seats, again decided by 2
percent or less.”
A second example of a race won by the
Republicans Baker believed might have
been dramatically different if more
voters had participated in it was the 1982
race for the U.S. House of Represen
tatives. He said a shift in 44,000 votes
would have reversed the results in 20 of
those races.
“If a somewhat larger number of peo
ple who had not been registered had
been registered to vote, they could have
had a significant impact,” Baker added.
Proving that “small town” votes carry
just as much weight as those from New
York or San Francisco, Baker referred to
the instance in which with “the strength
of 3,000 votes from a very obscure, cen
tral Ohio district, the democrats won
control of the state Senate.”
A final case showing the power of
otherwise-inactive voters was the Ohio
governor’s election in 1978. Baker said
the challenger, Richard Celeste, lost to
the incumbant governor, James Rhodes,
by 10,000 votes. Although that figure ap
pears sizable, there are potentially 10
million voters in Ohio, Baker said, mak
ing Celeste’s defeat a matter of one-half
of 1 percent.
General voting habits were also
discussed at the workshop, such as the
tendency of those in a higher-income
bracket to regularly vote, Baker said. For
example, 70 percent of people with an
annual income of $25,000 or more con
sistently turn out at the polls. Of those in
the $10,000 and under bracket, only 25
percent vote, he said.
Education appears to have an effect on
voter numbers as well, Baker said. Of
those with a college degree, 81 percent
vote. Only 51 percent of people with a
grade school education, however, are
likely to vote, he added.
Baker and other workshop speakers
stressed the need to get as many
unregistered voters signed-up for the
coming election. Although women and
blacks are expected to turn out in higher
numbers than ever before this year,
Baker said that 36 percent of the
American population is still
unregistered, representing more than 60
million people.
The student unions represented at the
USSA congress, coming from San Diego
to New Hampshire, shared their different
strategies on registering students at their
campuses, including handing out forms
at class-registration periods and athletic
events, holding five-minute “rap ses
sions” at the start of classes, and spon
soring parties where students will be
asked to register.
Student voting bloc is one of nation’s strongest
ny jauquie Long
Of the Emerald
Unifying the student vote could mean
the election of Walter Mondale in
November, according to speakers at a
United States Student Association
general session held Sunday morning.
Student leaders from different areas of
the country spoke at the session! all of
whom expressed an anti-Reagan attitude
and stressed the importance of student
voters in the 1984 election.
“We’ve got no choice but to have a
major impact on the upcoming election,
but we’ve got to get that average student
to vote,” said Gary Brickman, Mondale
Youth Coordinator.
Steve Girsky, president of the College
Youth Democrats of America, said that
students form a larger voting bloc than
several of the large labor groups in the
country, including steel workers, coal
miners, auto workers, farmers and gar
ment workers.
“We as students are larger than all
those groups put together, and I dare
anyone to tell us that we are not one of
the potentially strongest voting blocs in
Graphic courtesy of USSA
America today,” Girsky said.
Girsky went on to warn of the dangers
of student apathy during elections,
stressing the particular importance of
student votes in 1984.
“If you ever wondered what it’s like to
sleep through a class or sleep through a
test one morning, look what happened
when we slept through the election of
1980, Girsky said.
Girsky drew applause at a few points
in his speech, particularly when speak
ing of Pres. Reagan’s “broken
promises.”
Greg Moore, USSA President, also
spoke at the session, mentioning ways to
increase student voter registration and
the importance of a unified vote from
campus to campus.
“There’s only one way to win this
election,” Moore said, “and USSA
needs to take an active role in waking up
the campaign.”
The end of the session included com
ments from the audience that were
somewhat less idealistic, however.
“Isn’t Mondale a little overrated?”
asked a delegate from State University of
New York at Stony Brook. “Can he be
that much better than what we’ve got
now?”
More USSA sessions on student
government’s role in voting and cam
paigning continue through Wednesday
evening.
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