Reverend tells of nuke scenario
By Paul Ertelt
Of the Emerald
The most probable scenario for a nuclear
war is not an exchange by the superpowers,
but the use of nuclear devices to stop a con
ventional force in the Third World, says a disar
mament coordinator for Clergy and Laity
Concerned.
U.S. Army policies encourage field com
manders to consider using nuclear weapons
when faced with tough opposition on the bat
tlefield, says Rev. Tony Watkins, who was in
Eugene Thursday to address a forum by the
local CALC chapter.
CALC is an interfaith organization founded
in 1965 as a "religious response to the Vietnam
War," says Watkins. Watkins is a "resource
person" for the group, keeping local chapters
informed on such issues as nuclear disarma
ment, the draft, and racism in the military.
Watkins is concerned about the many
blacks and lower-income whites who have
fallen victim to what he calls the "poverty
draft" — joining the armed services because of
the lack of jobs in the private sector. But most
of these enlistees end up in the infantry and
receive no training that will help them find
jobs after their discharge, he says.
But the most important issue, Watkins
says, is the danger of the U.S. rapid deploy
ment forces — designed to intervene in the
Third World — setting off a nuclear war.
U.S. military plans allow for the "first use"
of nuclear weapons when conventional
weapons are insufficient to stop the advance of
an enemy, Watkins says. Also, the deep-strike
battle doctrine calls for using nuclear weapons
behind enemy lines to demoralize and destroy
enemy forces before an attack, Watkins says.
"Conventional forces are a trip wire to
nuclear war," Watkins says.
Though presidential approval is necessary
before any nuclear device may be used in bat
tle, many in the peace movement fear this
policy may change and commanders may be
given authority to use battlefield nuclear
devices without a presidential OK, Watkins
says.
Battlefield nuclear devices range from
missiles to hand-held devices. Though they
have less firepower than either strategic or tac
tical weapons, many are large enough to
Tony Watkins
destroy a city the size of Portland, Watkins
says.
"These are not toys," he warns.
Also, as conventional weapons increase in
firepower, the gap between them and nuclear
weapons lessens, removing a psychological
barrier and making the use of nuclear weapons
merely the next logical step in battlefield
escalation, he says.
"A ground commander is not going to
stand by and watch his forces wiped out if he
has these'weapons to use,” Watkins says.
High-tech expert named to board
Gov. Vic Atiyeh has added a
high-tech expert to the State
Board of Higher Education.
This week, Atiyeh appointed
Gene Chao of Portland and
reappointed James Petersen of
La Grande to the board.
Chao will replace current
board Vice President Loren
Wyss, whose term will expire
June 30. Terms are subject to
Senate confirmation.
Chao, who has a strong elec
tronics background, is chairman
and chief executive officer of
Metheus Corp., of Hillsboro. As
a member of the board, he said
he will emphasize the need for
excellence in individual pro
grams rather than mediocrity
across the board.
“We should try and focus on
excellence and high achieve
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ment and less so on coverage
and completeness/' Chao said.
"I think there is also a kind of
mental attitude where, when
you start having some success,
you start breeding more
success.”
The University's physics and
computer science departments
are two areas that could be built
into "world class" programs, he
said.
From 1973 to 1981, Chao held
the posts of senior engineer,
manager of the instrument
research group and director of
the applied research group at
Tektronix, Inc. in Beaverton.
From 1971-73, he headed the
microwave acoustics section of
the Naval Research Laboratory
in Washington, D.C.
ESBSBEBESls]
Oregon’s
Classification/
Comparable
Worth Study
OPEN
INFORMATION
CENTER
SESSION
with
Margaret Hallock
Meets today at noon
Friday, May 4
276 Education
□ P
Chao received his bachelor's
degree from the University of
California at Berkeley, his
master's degree at San Jose
State University, and his Ph.D.
from Stanford University.
Peterson recently retired from
the position of assistant ad
ministrator of Grande Ronde
Hospital in La Grande. He has
served on the board since 1980.
The final board appointments,
which will fill the positions now
held by board Pres. Robert In
galls and student member Ran
dall Gill, should be made by
May 15, according to officials in
the governor's office.
The 11-member board is
responsible for governing
Oregon's eight colleges and
universities.
Art education celebration
crowds mall this weekend
If the downtown mall seems a
bit crowded this weekend, it
may not be just your
imagination.
The third annual Oregon Im
agination Celebration will be
held there Saturday and Sunday
and will aim at increasing
awareness of the value of art
education.
A children's parade, leaving
from Broadway and Charnelton
Street at 10:30 a.m. Saturday,
will kick off the event designed
to increase awareness of the
value of art education.
During the rest of the
weekend, the mall will host
various programs from three
stages. Performances include
"The lets" from West Side Story
presented by University
students, "Mother Goose" skits
by Westmoreland Elementary
School, the Sheldon High
School A Capella Choir and "Lil'
Abner” performed by Colin Kel
ly Middle School.
An "Imaginarium,” located
near Prince Puckler's on the
mall, will also provide insight on
computers, print making, math
and kinetic art.
The event coincides with
Saturday Market's 15th birth
day. The market will feature
special events in conjunction
with the celebration.
Also occuring during the
celebration is the "Very Special
Arts Festival Program” that
showcases performances and
arts by and for handicapped
individuals.
All professional and amateur
entertainment is free of charge.
Negligence
Continued from Page 2A
Oregon Law says that when a
media defendant such as a
newspaper, TV station or radio
station publishes a story charg
ed as being libelous, it may
publish a retraction, which
would reduce the amount of
money the injured party could
collect from it.
Since the 1974 federal case
Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., in
dividual states have been free to
set their own standard for prov
ing libel against private citizens.
The U.S. Supreme Court's only
stipulation is that state stan
dards must be at least simple
negligence. Before 1974, a plain
tiff claiming libel had to prove
the newspaper or broadcast sta
tion had published the story
either knowing it was false or
with reckless disregard for the
truth. This "actual malice" stan
dard was decided on by the U.S.
Supreme Court in 1964. Oregon
has not been faced with setting
a statewide standard before
now.
So the Oregon Supreme
Court's job becomes more com
plicated. It must resolve the ten
sion between the two articles of
Oregon's constitution and
choose a standard that will pro
tect the media's freedom of ex
pression but will not infringe on
the rights of individuals.
Oregon is not the first state to
grapple with the problem of
deciding libel standards since
the 1974 decision set them free
to do so. In all, 26 states have set
standards: 22 decided on simple
negligence, two used actual
malice as a standard and two
settled on a gross negligence
standard.
Katy Hull, who graduated with
a journalism degree winter
term, will spend the summer
researching libel issues for the
Reporters Committee for
Freedom of Expression in
Washington, D.C.
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