Oregon daily . .
emerald
Get ready
go feet
English Beat
Page 7
Friday, December 3, 1982
Eugene. Oregon
Volume 84. Number 64
Conservationists back
wilderness land-use bill
Despite some omissions, the Oregon Endangered Forest
Wilderness Act of 1982 is an "excellent effort" toward
resolving the concerns of conservationists and the timber
industry over wilderness areas, said a spokesman for the
Oregon Natural Resources Council
The Act, House Resolution 7340. would convert into
wilderness 1 million acres of the 3 million acres of roadless
National Forest land in Oregon If the additions are approved.
3 5 percent of Oregon would be wilderness
The bill mandates review of another 112.000 acres of
Oregon roadless land for inclusion into the wilderness
system
Despite falling short of ONRC recommendations for 3 4
million acres of new wilderness lands and not including
several areas of critical importance to wildlife, the bill
deserves public support, said Andy Kerr, ORNC associate
director for conservation
Kerr said the group would ask the House Forest Sub
committee that wilderness acreage be increased to include
several areas which are critical to elk. spotted owl. salmon,
steelhead and other wildlife."
Despite being introduced to a lame duck session, public
support will "insure passage of this bill." Kerr said
The timber industry would prefer immediate passage of
the conservation bill in an attempt to keep the legislation from
the hands of the 1983 House, which will be more heavily
weighted with liberal representatives sympathetic to conser
vationist views. Kerr said
He added that the ONRC. formerly the Oregon Wilder
ness Coalition, had planned to file a suit this week to reject the
Forest Service s process for designating roadless territory in
Oregon The ONRC could "easily" win such a suit, he said
Packwood loses GOP job
WASHINGTON (AP) - Sen
ate Republicans defeated White
House critic Bob Packwood in
his bid for re-election as chair
man of their senatorial cam
paign committee Thursday,
electing Richard Lugar. an ad
ministration loyalist who none
theless said he would tell Pres,
Ronald Reagan “things he
needs to hear
Lugar beat Oregon s Pack
wood. a political moderate. 29
to 25 in a secret ballot election
which will give the Indiana sen
ator control of a fund-raising
and political organization
charged with keeping the Sen
ate in Republican hands in
1984 Republicans hold a 54 to
46 majority
After the vote, the contenders
appeared together in a display
of party unity and insisted
Packwood s harsh criticism of
Reagan had little to do with the
outcome
“I do not think my defeat was
due to the White House, ' Pack
wood said
Lugar said. It was not an
ideological or personal conflict
It was not the product of a White
House purge."
White House spokesman
Larry Speakes, asked about the
vote during Reagan's South
American trip, also said the
White House “had no involve
ment” in the race He added
that Reagan looks forward to
working with Senator Lugar and
cooperating with him in the
coming year "
Despite the show of unity,
Packwood repeated his belief
that the Republican party under
Reagan needs to broaden its
appeal if it is to get more than a
smattering of votes in future
elections from blacks, Jews and
women
We still have wide breaches
to repair,” he said
cor example, he said there
are seniors in our party who
have a feeling that women
should not work in the market
place With this attitude and
with half of them (women)
working, it is hard to get their
votes "
Lugar was nominated by Paul
Laxalt, Reagan s closest per
sonal friend in the Senate, who
told other Republicans that
Lugar is "tactful and diplomatic
and could get along with all
elements of the party ."
Packwood, who raised $48
million toward keeping the Sen
ate in Republican control in the
1982 midterm election, said the
only voting group from which
Senator Bob Packwood
the GOP attracted a majority of
voters in that election were
white men who earned more
than $40,000 a year
“We lost everybody else,"
Packwood said
Despite the absence of min
ority votes, the Senate retained
its 54 to 46 Republican majority.
Still, many party leaders are
fearful that the Democrats might
regain control in 1984
There are 19 GOP senators
facing re-electon, and many are
believed to be politically vulner
able.
Fer cryin’ out loud — tears are good for you
By Kim Carlson
Of th« Em«rikl
We all do it Some of us feel comforta
ble doing it. others of us feel it is wrong
Females do it five times more often than
males It is most often attributed to frus
tration. depression and sadness
What is it? Crying — a commodity that
will be in plentiful supply with finals week
approaching
Society, in keeping with its macho
Baretta is betta' " attitude, has regard
ed crying as a weakness and has often
closeted weepers, discouraging crying
with such phrases as, Big boys don’t
cry” or Now now. don’t cry "
However, several studies support the
theory that crying releases stress, con
sequently a person feels relief after
shedding tears
A study performed at the Marquette
University College of Nursing deter
mined that people with certain stress
related illnesses, ulcers and colitis (an
inflammation of the colon), were more
likely to regard crying as a sign of weak
ness or loss of control than healthy peo
ple
Dr William Frey, director of the Psy
chiatry Research Laboratory at the St.
Paul-Ramsey Medical Center in
Minnesota, is conducting studies on
crying and hopes to determine if the
higher protein content of emotional tears
(as opposed to irrational tears) is a result
of the body releasing stress-related
chemicals
"Crying is an exocrine process,” Frey
says "That is a process in which a sub
stance comes out of the body. Other
exocrine processes like exhaling, urin
ating, defecating and sweating release
toxic substances from the body. There’s
every reason to think crying does the
same, releasing chemicals that the body
produces in response to stress ”
Charles Darwin, the father of the
evolution theory, believed it was the
crying process — uncontrollable emotion
and the physical release of sobbing —
instead of the excretion of emotional
tears that relieved suffering. Darwin said
emotional tears are 'as purposeless as
the secretion of tears from a blow outside
the eyes."
In 1960, anthropologist Ashley Mon
tagu offered the theory that tears were
lubricants for the upper respiratory pas
sages that would otherwise become
dried out from sobbing (heavy and un
controlled breathing).
Frey discounts both ideas. Instead, he
says, tears shed in response to grief,
frustration and other emotional stress
are uniquely human characteristics
He also acknowledges that the
breathing rate does not always increase
when a person cries, such as when tears
well up and flow without any respiratory
change when watching sad movies.
People who are sad or depressed may
be suffering from a chemical imbalance,
Graphics by Shawn Bird
Frey said, which is relieved at least par
tially by crying and releasing substances
in the tears.
In 1974, three University sociology
students, Alice Donaldson, Norma Led
gerwood and Patty Poehlitz, conducted
studies on crying tendencies of students
ages 17 to 25 as part of a class project.
Many of the results are similar to Frey's
findings, although he questions the
University study’s methodology.
“Unless the students were screened
for emotional stability prior to taking part
in the study, I can’t really evaluate the
findings,” Frey says.
In Frey's study, 34 percent of potential
subjects were separated from the others
because a screening process found
them to have some degree of abnormal
mental health.
Both studies found that women tend to
have flowing tears much more often than
men, who more often experience only
watery eyes.
Frey’s study found that women feel a
"lump in the throat” much more often
man men. inert? wdb nu sca umcicnuc
discovered in the duration of crying epi
sodes, which usually last around six
minutes.
One question that both studies at least
partially address is what brings us to
tears?
According to Frey, interpersonal rela
tions (weddings, arguments) account for
almost half of the female crying epi
sodes, while the media (movies, televi
sion, books) influenced women to cry 27
percent of the time
The stimuli for male tears were divided
equally between the media and interper
sonal relations
The University study asked students if
they sometimes wept while watching
television or movies, listening to music or
reading a book Ninety percent of the
women and 37 percent of the men said
they had wept after watching a film.
The peak time for crying is between 7
and 10 p.m. Frey says this phenomenon
is understandable because during that
time "people are most likely to be with
their significant others and to watch TV
or a movie.’’
A major paradox in the University study
is that 90 percent of the male students
said they felt that it was acceptable for
anyone to cry, yet when asked if they felt
it was okay for them to cry, 29 percent
said it was not all right.
Frey likens that with an example of
racial prejudice
"Probably 90 percent of the popula
tion would say they opposed racism. Yet
if one could find the number of people
who had actually practiced racial
prejudice, there would most likely be
some kind of inconsistency," he said.
A notable finding in the Frey study was
that voluntary control over emotional
crying varies considerably between
males and females.
Continued on Page 3