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USSR consumers
face food problems
MOSCOW (AP) - Long lines
at meat counters and shortages
of eggs, butter and other staples
this winter show that Soviet
consumers are shouldering the
burden of another poor harvest
and Kremlin aid to Poland
A crackdown on profiteering
in food and other "deficit
goods" was announced last
week in the Communist govern
ment’s latest move to reduce
public grumbling about shor
tages
The Kremlin has not officially
acknowledged reports it has
sent thousands of tons of food
to Poland to support that na
tion's Communist government,
which imposed martial law Dec
13 after 16 months of strikes and
political unrest
Western observers speculate
the Soviet leadership has been
afraid to admit it is sending food
to Poland while its own citizens
scrounge and stand in lines to
buy groceries
The Soviet Union's problems
are reflected in the entire East
European bloc of nations it has
dominated since the end of
World War II Sharp inflation is
sweeping their centralized
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economies and stiff price in
creases have been announced
in Poland and Czechoslovakia
and are expected in Romania
Economic analysts in the
West blame a lack of foreign
currency, poor harvests and
each country's rigid, govern
ment-run system They also say
Poland's economic crisis has
sharply affected its East Eu
ropean trading partners in
COMECON the common mar
ket of 10 Communist countries
Conservation has high priori
ty in Moscow this winter Res
taurants give smaller portions of
meat, bakeries have reportedly
reduced butter content in con
fections and homemakers have
been told to cook with stale
bread
Shoppers queued last week at
Grocery Store No 2 in central
Moscow for a chance to buy
hunks of stewing beef at $1 40 a
pound and sausage at $2 a
pound
Others swarmed around a
salesgirl when she wheeled out
a shopping basket of butter
One-pound chunks sold for
$2 10 and were limited to one
per buyer
Few Muscovites can aftora to
pay steep prices at the central
farmers' market which is not run
by the state Market stalls were
charging $5 09 a pound for
prime beef and $21 for a chick
en
Eggs, available only occa
sionally in state stores, cost
$4 20 for 10 at the central
market A honeydew melon cost
rS2Q_ Thefpi are-few Ewyers - *■ ->■
Cabbages, potatoes apples
and lemons were on sale at
state counters, but Soviets have
to pay three or four times more
at farmers' markets for better
quality produce Few can afford
to on average weekly wages
that are the equivalent of $60 at
the official rate
Soviets are used to bland
winter diets, heavy on canned
goods and bread but this year
has been tougher than usual
Months of snow and sub-freez
ing temperatures have ham
pered food distribution Harvest
shortfalls, combined with food
shipments to Poland, have
further strained the system
The government admitted last
month that agricultural produc
tion fell 2 percent in 1981 from
the previous year The 1981
grain harvest figure wasn't dis
closed but Soviet sources have
hinted it was less than 170 mil
lion tons — meaning that 40
million to 50 million tons will
have to be imported from the
West to compensate
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