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Students remove the remains of camas ovens in a middle layer of
the Flanagan Archeological Site located near Eugene
Scientists excavate
oldest area artifacts
By PETER SLEETH
CX *» EnuntC
The oldest evidence of man's
existence in the Willamette Val
ley has been discovered near
Eugene says a University anth
ropologist
Charcoal samples taken from
the Flanagan Archeological Site
date from 3800 and 3620 B C .
says Kathryn Toepef an anth
ropology doctoral student
The Flanagan Site is the best
documented archeological site
in the Upper Willamette Valley
she says
The exact location of the site
somewhere on a small knoll
west of Eugene is being kept
secret to protect the find
T oepel says
Excavation has revealed
three separate levels of use she
says
in the oldest layer, dart points
that predate the use of bows
and arrows have been found
Toepel says that during this
period the site was probably a
seasonal hunting camp — per
haps a location for hunting wa
terfowl
The middle layers of the site
contained several camas ovens
— large numbers of rocks that
were heated by fires and then
used to cook camas bulbs to be
stored as winter food Bowls
and pestles drills and projectile
points also were found, she
says
During the period from
about 3 000 to 800 years ago,
the site apparently was an im
portant summer and fall camp
for food preparation Toepel
says
The 3000-year-old camas
ovens are the oldest evidence of
the use of camas in the Wil
lamette Valley
The top layer of the site con
tained a large number of
projectile points but no food
processing tools Toepel says
she believes the site was again a
hunting camp by this time but it
was used more intensively than
during the earlier period Ac
cording to Toepel the heavier
use shows a population in
crease m the valley
Use of the site is known to
have ended before 1700
because no evidence of beads
bracelets or other trade goods
has been found during the ex
cavation work
Toepel says previous dis
coveries in the Willamette Valley
have not been as old as this one
However one site has been
found on the South Santiam
River in the Cascade foothills
that yields 8 000-year-old
evidence
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