—making the news—
From Associated Press Reports
WASHINGTON — The Supreme Court on Monday
refused to shield federal judges, including the high court's
nine justices themselves, from a financial disclosure law
The justices, without comment, left intact rulings that all
federal judges are among those top-ranking government
officials who must comply with the Ethics in Government Act
of 1978.
Six federal judges in the South had argued that they and
other judges should not have to publicly disclose in annual
statements how much money they have and what they own.
The arguments did not win a single Sumpeme Court vote,
a surprising outcome in light of the fact that the judges’
appeal had been pending before the justices for nearly a year.
Generating a flurry of paperwork at the end of a four
week recess, the court also took these actions:
•Left intact a $350,000 libel award won by former San
Francisco mayor Joseph Alioto for a 1969 article in Look
magazine linking him to the Mafia.
•Refused to kill a lawsuit challenging clean-up opera
tions at the Three Mile Island nuclear plant in Pennsylvania.
The suit is aimed at preventing the plant’s owners and
operators from treating and eventually disposing of radioac
tive waste water.
•Agreed to judge the validity of a law allowing only the
U S. Postal Service to put things in mail boxes at private
homes.
•Turned away an attempt by comedian Redd Foxx’s wife
to have the site of the couple’s pending divorce trial moved
from Las Vegas to Los Angeles.
•Left intact a ruling that gives Delaware prison inmates
who are denied participation in work-release programs the
right to go into federal court to challenge those denials.
Delaware prison officials told the justices a lower court’s
ruling would throw prison administration nationwide into
chaos.
SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico — Left-wing terrorists seeking
Puerto Rican independence from the United States claimed
responsibility for a string of pre-dawn bomb blasts Monday
that destroyed at least eight warplanes at a U S. Air National
Guard base.
No injuries were reported, but total damage was placed at
$45 million by Lt. Gen. Orlando Llenza, adjutant general of the
Puerto Rican National Guard.
The home-made time bombs blew up eight A-7d Corsair II
jet fighters, damaged two others and destroyed a deactivated
F-104 Starfighter, a military spokesman said.
The attack destroyed or put out of action half the Air
National Guard unit's complement of 20 planes, which are
used primarily for training on this U.S. commonwealth island.
Guard leaders said it illustrated serious problems of security
at the Guard’s Muniz Base, an enclave within San Juan’s
international airport.
WASHINGTON — The surgeon general advised Amer
ican smokers Monday that although low tar and nicotine
cigarettes may reduce the risk of lung cancer, they contain
unknown quantities of additives whose health effects can’t be
assessed.
Surgeon General Julius B. Richmond said he has tried
without success to obtain from the tobacco industry infor
mation on which of about 300 additives are included in
specific cigarettes.
He said Congress may be asked to grant the agency
authority to obtain such information, which the industry
regards as among its trade secrets — if the data is not made
available voluntarily. Richmond said there is a possibility that
some additives may cause tumors or cancer or be toxic.
’’There is no such thing as a safe cigarette,” Richmond
said in his 227-page annual report on smoking and health. “In
the case of lung cancer, some cigarettes appear to be less
hazardous than others, although the reduction in risk is
minimal and limited. No such conclusion can be reached for
cardiovascular disease, emphysema, bronchitis or preg
nancy effects.”
In Raleigh, N.C., Edward Horrigan Jr., chief executive
officer of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., dismissed the surgeon
general’s report as containing “no new news.”
Richmond noted that the proportion of smokers in the
United States has dropped to 32.5 ptercent from 40.3 percent
when the first surgeon general’s report was issued in 1964.
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Haig wants Mideast force
while Senate wants tapes
WASHINGTON (AP) - Alexander M. Haig
testified Monday that the United States must be
prepared to act — alone if necessary — to protect
the industrialized world’s access to Middle East
oil.
The former NATO commander said an ex
panded U.S. military presence in the area is
necessary because the NATO alliance cannot be
counted on to expand its defense commitments to
include the oil lifelines of the Persian Gulf.
Haig commented on his third day of testimony
before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee,
whose attention is divided between his foreign
policy views as a prospective secretary of state
and efforts to gain access to 100 hours of taped
White House conversations between Haig and
former President Richard M. Nixon.
Dr. Robert Warner, the archivist of the United
States, told the committee he had asked Nixon to
waive legal time limits so the subpoenaed material
sought by the panel can be released at once.
Warner said the law requires that he not release
any tapes or supporting documents without giv
ing the former president at least five days to
respond.
The committee chairman, Sen. Charles H.
Percy, R-lll., issued a subpoena Sunday night for
the logs and indexes to the tape recordings made
in the spring and summer of 1973. At the time,
Haig was White House chief of staff and the
Watergate scandal was engulfing Nixon’s pres
idency.
Sen. Paul Tsongas, D-Mass., told Warner it
was obvious that only one person stands in the
way of immediate access to the subpoenaed logs,
“and that one person is Richard Nixon." Replied
Warner: “You do hit at the heart of the matter.”
Percy said the issuance of the subpoena, a
first step toward obtaining "relevant” tapes, was
not intended to delay Haig’s expected confirma
tion by the full Senate beyond Ronald Reagan’s
inauguration as president on Jan. 20.
Sen. Richard Lugar, R-Ind., said efforts by
committee Democrats to obtain the tapes may
result only in damaging Haig’s effectiveness.
Percy agreed and told Haig, ”We want no
cloud to hang over your head.”
But Sen. John Glenn, D-Ohio, said he re
sented the implication that Democrats were
somehow doing something wrong by insisting
that the tapes be subpoenaed.
Glenn said he will question Haig closely
about his White House service during the Water
gate years.
“These were serious matters — people were
being assassinated and governments toppled
Glenn said. "General Haig was right in the middle
of that. I don’t know whether he was following
orders or making decisions himself.
Confirmation hearings began Monday for
Labor Secretary-designate Raymond Donovan
and former South Carolina Gov. James B. Ed
wards, nominated for energy secretary.
Edwards told the Senate Energy Committee
the nation must "sustain and increase our use of
nuclear power.” He also urged allowing the
marketplace, unfettered by obstructive laws and
regulations, to meet the nation's energy needs.
The Senate Labor and Human Resources
Committee released documents indicating that a
Teamsters Union local in New York placed a
“ghost” worker on the payroll of Donovan’s New
Jersey construction company three years ago “as
a price for labor peace.” A ghost employee is paid
but does not show up for work.
Explosion blasts journalists
SAN SALVADOR, El Salvador
(AP) — A mine explosion
wrecked a car on a road near
here Monday, wounding two
U S. journalists and another
foreign reporter inside the car,
witnesses said.
The wounded were identified
as John Hoagland, 29, of San
Diego, on assignment for
Newsweek magazine; Susan
Meiselas, about 33 years old,
from New York City, on assign
ment for Time magazine; and
Ian Mates, a South African in his
20s, on assignment for the Lon
don-based television outfit UPI
TN
Mates was taken to hospital
for surgery with heavy wounds
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in the head and serious loss or
blood.
A doctor at Rosales Hospital
in the Salvadoran capital said
Mates was in shock.
Hoagland, who reported the
attack, said he was hit by mine
fragments in the right arm and
left hand and also suffered min
or head wounds and cuts.
There was no immediate word
on how serious Miss Meiselas’
injuries were. Miss Meiselas
received the Robert Capa award
for her picture reporting on the
1979 civil war in neighboring
Nicaragua that led to the
overthrow of dictator Anastasio
Somoza.
Hoagland said no guerrillas or
army rroops were in siyru wiien
the mine exploded under their
car on a road about nine miles
north of the capital. He said the
mine appeared to be a direc
tional explosion device with
remote detonation.
"We jumped out of the car
yelling ‘journalists, help us, help
us,‘ but nobody at the scene
came to our aid," he said.
Hoagland said he walked
about six miles to a sugar mill,
where people helped him get in
touch with the Red Cross in the
small town of Aguilares, nearby.
The ambulance arrived on the
scene of the explosion 90 min
utes later and rushed the three
journalists to San Salvador.
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