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The Emerald’s Creed for Oregon
“ . . . . There Is always the human temptation to
forget that the erection of buildings, the formulation of
new curricula, the expansion of departments, the crea
tion of new functions, and similar routine duties of
the administration are but means to an end. There is
always a glowing sense of satisfaction in the natural
impulse for expansion. This frequently leads to regard
ing achievements as ends in themselves, whereas the
truth is that these various appearances of growth and
achievement can be justified only in so far as they
make substantial contribution to the ultimate objec
tives of education .... providing adequate spiritual
and intellectual training for youth of today—the citi
zenship of tomorrow. . . .
" . . . . The University should be a place where
classroom experiences and faculty contacts should stimu
late and train youth for the most effective use of all
the resources with which nature has endowed them. Dif
ficult and challenging problems, typical of the life
and world in which they are to live, must be given
them to solve. They must be taught under the expert
supervision of instructors to approach the solution of
these problems in a workmanlike way, with a dis
ciplined intellect, with a reasonable command of the
techniques that i re involved, with a high sense of in
tellectual adventure, and with a genuine devotion to the
ideals of intellectual integrity. . . ."—From the Biennial
Report of the University of Oregon for 1931-32.
The American people cannot be too careful in
guarding tile freedom of speech and of the press
against curtailment as to the discussion of public
affairs and the character and conduct of public
men. —Carl Schurz.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE BUDGET
(From a University Perspective)
II
SOME of the best-known .studies bearing on unit
costs of instruction indicate that there are more
high cost units in the curriculum of the average
university thatn that of the
The Truth on average college or technical
“Unit Cost*” school. One of these inves
tigations was made at the
University of Minnesota a relatively short time
ago, when the cost-per-hour was ascertained and
recorded in a leaflet which has enjoyed wide cir
culation in recent months. Despite the admittedly
great expense of forestry, agriculture and similar
technical subjects, it was found that the curriculum
of the typical university includes equally as many
high cost courses.
In considering the Minnesota statistics, as we
will proceed to do, two circumstances must be kept
constantly in mind. They are of a conflicting na
ture. One is that the figures pertain exclusively
to the University of Minnesota and need not neces
sarily be the case elsewhere. The other of an op
posite nature is that the University of Minnesota
is regarded as a fair example of a typical American
state university, and thus its facts may be consid
ered applicable to other schools.
The most expensive courses taught at Oregon
State cost as follows, according to the Minnesota
statistics:
Cost
per hour
Agriculture . $11.58
Kurestry . 11.58
Home Economics . 11.58
Science (approximate) . 12.21
There is no doubt that these subjects are ex
pensive when Minnesota lists the above figures as
the cost-per-hour for the year, it must bo admitted
Unit majors in these courses require considerable
expenditure to insure adequate operation. Now let
us turn to the more expensive majors which are
taught at tlie University:
Cost
per hour
Education . $13.66
Journalism .10.23
Music . 16.0!)
Architecture . 12.02
* * *
If the figures from Minnesota are to be trusted
at all, it does not look as if most of the expensive
subjects are majors at the state college. To be
sure, the equipment, such
College Work as electrical apparatus and
Is Cheaper chemistry laboratory f i t
tings, may be more costly
than that at the University, but obviously there
should be no such wide gulf as now exists in the
instruction item, which gives (tie college $572,045.48
and the University $387,805.IS.
Look at the above statistics from Minnesota
once more. They indicate the average major hour
of the more expensive subjects at the college costs
$11.73: that at the University costs $13.22. Now
look at the sums allotted to the two faculties. Only
two conclusions are possible. One is that the Min
nesota figures are not all applicable to the Eugene
and Corvallis campi. The other is that there lias
been a serious mis’akc in dividing the funds be
tween the instructional staffs of the two schools.
* *
The faculty is the lifeblood of the University.
Eor years this school has prided itself on the skill
of its teachers rather than the splendor of its build
ings. Thus wo aie heartsick
Mure students— when we contemplate our
Less Teachers faculty, which must instruct
2045 students, receiving
$464,840.30 ie:.-j than that at the dale college, which
must teach 1971 students, according to current en
rollment statistics.
As we have said before, and as we vociferously
reiterate now, if the figures in the Minnesota re
port are applicable to the situation in the state of
Oregon, we tremble for the future of our school.
Consider journalism, for example. If the Minne
sota figure were accepted, the school on this cam
pus would receive a budget of approximately $25,
000. The sum in the tentative budget now before
the state board is $9,820.63. Think of it! Slightly
more than one-third as much! Again we do not
certify the validity of the Minnesota information.
But surely it cannot be so far from conditions here
as figures would indicate.
Research is another item which we find it rather
difficult to understand. The state college receives
$43,858 in unrestricted funds for agricultural proj
ects. It is said that some or all of this is used
to match and supplement federal funds. This is
a partial, but not complete excuse. THOSE UN
RESTRICTED FUNDS ARE FOR EDUCATION.
They are for the youth of the great commonwealth
of Oregon. Surely $43,858 of their sum can be
taken away from agricultural enterprises in these
trying times. We are for agricultural work, but
not at the complete sacrifice of all research. We
believe it is valuable, but we also believe the latter
is of paramount significance.
* * #
Now let us consider what the University would
obtain for research. The medical school gets $987,
the University proper $7,696. Certainly if agricul
tural research is worth $43,
Humun Life $987; 858, then that at the medi
Animal Life $43,858 cal school is entitled to far
more than $987. We al
ways have been of the impression that the work
done at the medical school concerned human lives
and health. Surely that is more significant than
investigations concerning crops and cattle. It i3
more Important to know how to save babies than
barley.
And almost equally pitiful is the University re
search allotment of $7,696. This is supposed to be
devoted to work to aid the educator, the statesman,
the business executive. They should feel flat
tered to receive approximately one-fifth as much
for projects to help them as is appropriated to
enterprises to aid the farmer. Agriculture is no
longer the one and only interest of the state of
Oregon.
* * *
Another item which seems rather high is the
informational service request of $36,623. The Eu
gene Register-Guard has characterized this as
“absurd" and an “extravagance.” We would feel
in a better position to judge this service if the
expenditures therefor were more clearly classi
fied. The informational service is listed in the
budget variously under its own name, News Bureaus
and Publications and Printing. Under such an ar
rangement we find it difficult to determine which
funds go towards work on agricultural bulletins,
which on news work, which on catalogues, and so
forth. Even some restricted funds are reported to
be used in this group. Mr. Byrne, we believe, would
be in a far more strategic position to justify his
department budget if he would release to the press
accurate figures as to the amounts spent on each
type of activity under his jurisdiction.
And one more suggestion. The University
library is failing to keep pace with the trend of
the times. These are momentous days. History
is being made. Great books
Shull We Strangle are being written. We are
Our Library? comparatively isolated here
in a little town, our only
contact with the outside world being books and
periodicals. They must be kept up to the minute.
If the faculty is our lifeblood, the library is the
arteries through which that precious fluid circu
lates. It is an integral unit which must be main
tained on a high plane.
# * #
And so we make four definite and specific rec
ommendations:
1. Make tire allotments for the faculties at
Oregon and Oregon State
Hire’s What virtually identical.
We Request 2. Close up station KOAC
temporarily.
3. If the millage provides a surplus, add it to
the University library fund. If there is a defi
ciency, subtract it from the college research allot
ment, requesting that tire unrestricted appropria
tions for the latter be reduced.
4. List separately under the informational serv
ice item the funds spent for agricultural bulletins
and catalogues, thus accurately showing what spe
cific amount is spent on actual news for the press
of the state.
5. Make provisions for varying the instruc
tional allotments in the future according to the
11 ends in enrollment, either adding or taking away
lrom the budget of either institution as the trend
of registration changes.
* # *
1 hus we set forth our case. We have presented
it m what we think is a spirit of fairness to our
school and justice to the state. We believe the
Uni\ vtsity to be til the crossroads of its existence,
anci we look lo the coming session of the state
board as it meeting of momentous importance. We
have implicit confidence in the board, a confidence
which should be shared bv every student and staff
member of the University. These recommenda
tions ate submitted to the board in the sincere hope
it will give thorn consideration. If we have been
loo zealous, we hope we will be pardoned for our
ardor. We are trying to help our school. That is
j our primary purpose. To it we dedicate our efforts.
We realize the department and school sums in
! lh0 proposed budget have been submitted by the
variou . deans and heads at the University. They
were ordered to trim to bed
lu the Spirit took and so they did. Have
of Justice the deans at the state col
lege done likewise? We will
! let statistics and enrollment figures be the answer.
We conclude our cuse. It has not been put for
ward with any malice towards the state college.
Its motivation has been regard for the University
i and pride in our state. The University of Oregon
is an integral part of this great commonwealth.
It tills a significant part in the life of our state,
it setves the citizenry of today and tomorrow. And,
1 in ending, we echo the words of Andrew Jackson,
the “Old Hickory" of a century ago:
"The University! it must and shall be pre
i served!"
i : ~
WE MUST free our schools
from cheap political con
trol, support them ade
quately, make the rewards and
regulations of the teaching profes
sion such that we shall stop drain
ing our best genius off into other
callings, and give them a real
chance to salvage our civilization.
PRESnUNlV. OF WISCONSIN
■' 11 i ^
INFLATION
As Dr. Calvin Crumbaker
Sees It
By JULIAN PRESCOTT
TRACTORS underlying the opera
■* tion of President Roosevelt's
program of inflation are discussed
by Dr. Calvin Crumbaker, associ
ate professor of economics, in the
following series of answers to
questions presented by the Emer
ald.
Dr. Crumbaker has answered
several of the questions, omitting
others, but going into careful dis
cussion of the factors involved. His
statements follow:
Q. Will purchase of more gov
, ernment securities by federal re
serve banks have any appreciable
influence on the amount of credit
extended to commercial and indus
trial firms ?
A. The purchase of government
securities by federal reserve banks
from the general public or from
banks will lead to the expansion
of deposit credit or bank notes. In
general the plan is designed to con
vert into currency government se
curities which are not in any sense
liquid.
There is no reason to imagine
that the purchase of these securi
ties will cause any bank to ration
credit to industrial and commer
cial concerns otherwise entitled to
credit. Instead, the purchase will
liberalize such loans, as it is de
signed to inflate credit by amounts
varying from 15 to 30 billion dol
lars.
Only when banks must maintain
liquidity in gold is there any rea
son to husband credit resources
and choose between possible bor
rowers. Under the gold standard
the purchase of government securi
ties by a bank might preclude the
lending to commercial or industrial
concerns. When the banking sys
tem is definitely off the gold stan
dard there is no reason to curtail
loans to business firms. There is
| credit for all. This is the signifi
cance of leaving the gold standard.
Whether the administration,
under the plan being developed, in
tends to inflate or not, the ma
chinery for a stupendous inflation
is provided. The news of marching
hordes of bonus seekers, and the
vigorous advocacy of an almost
Letters to the Editor
All "Letters to the h'ditor" must bear
either the signature or initials of the
writer, the former bring preferred. Re
cause oj space limitations, the editor
reserves the right to withhold such
communications as he sees fit. AH let
ters should be concise and to the point.
The editor of the Rmerald solicits opin
ions and constructive criticism from
the members of the student body.
Mr. Cressinan’s Gifts
To the Editor of the Emerald:
Sir: In your issue of May 3 you
carried a news article concerning
a gift of various articles to the
University front and through ntc.
Due to some oversight four names
were omitted from your list which
should be mentioned that the don
ors receive the credit due then..
The names and gifts are as fol
lows :
Mrs. Katherine llanna Hester—
Wooden necklace excavated near
Canary. Oregon.
Mr. Whitsette, Gold Hill—Mor
tar and pestle.
Mr. Hittle, Gold Hill—Tubular
stone pipe fragment.
Mr. Gray, Gold Hill Mortar.
Mr. James Washburne. Junc
tion City One pestle, one stone
probably for playing some game.
1 should appreciate your kind
ness in making these additions to
the li.t published yesterday.
H. S. CHESSMAN.
endless number or public works
programs, warn of the menace of
political pressure. Once the gov
ernment is definitely off the gold
standard, only the refusal of the
president, exercising the powers of
a quasi-dictator, stand between
any selfish group or section and
the prosecution of their project
with inflationary funds.
Q. Does not the trouble lie in
the velocity of circulation of cur
rency and not in the quantity in
existence ?
A. There is room here merely
to state that the basic trouble has
not been proven to be either a
shortage of money or currency or
slowness of circulation. Rather,
these are symptoms of a malad
justment which has developed in
the past, possibly from some de
rangement of credit and currency,
and from other causes. Increas
ing the quantity of money on the
theory that the symptom is the
disease can at best provide no
more than temporary relief. Per
manent relief cannot come from
magic or legerdemain.
Such relief as may be realized
can be explained by the fact that
currency inflation is in effect a tax
designed to redistribute wealth
and income. It takes from one and
gives to another, so that for the
time being those lacking purchas
ing power may become buyers. In
attempting to reach these desir
able ends, we fail to look into the
future to see the crop of new mil
lionaires who will be on hand to
garner to themselves the advan
tages of inflation. The second
stage of every inflation program
is a mad hunt for “profiteers,”
“racketeers,” and other traitorous,
unpatriotic, unscrupulous persons
who fatten on the misfortunes of
their fellows.
I The same measure of relief
might be secured by a tax levied
against property and incomes for
the purpose of paying doles to
those lacking purchasing power.
Or the result might be secured just
as well without the coercion of the
tax collector, if owners of goods
would open their warehouses and
give a similar portion of their
goods to those unable to buy. It
is even asserted that the same
effect might be accomplished if
the owners of goods would apply
the match to a part of their goods
equal in amount to the portions
sacrificed through any one of
the methods applied above. There
is more than one way to relieve
business paralysis if part of the
people can be persuaded or co
erced into handing a portion of
their property or income to others.
If inflation is the method used,
it will not be because it is less
drastic than others but because it
is politically expedient. While it
may relieve the present situation,
there is little room to hope that
it will solve the problem of the de
pression. In fact, there is a wide
spread fear that no matter how far
the inflation program is carried
there will never be a stopping
place. Regardless of the amount
of credit and currency provided, [
there will never be “enough
money.” More and more will be,
demanded until the value of money !
approaches the vanishing point.
The threat of riot, rebellion, and
revolution cannot be more than
temporarily stilled by inflation.
There is danger that an inflation
ary program will eventually drag
the country toward a crisis far
more desperate than the present
depression.
Q. Is not this plan of reduction
of the gold content of the dollar
evading the real issue in the for
eign trade problem ? Are not pay
ments in foreign trade made on a
basis of gold rather than on a ba
sis of dollars, or of pounds, or of
francs ?
A. The accepted theory of for
eign trade is that goods pay for
goods. Gold is merely a common
denominator of values, and a stabi
lizing agent. Normally gold does!
not move in quantities larger than
necessary to stabilize prices at an'
international level.
Since the world war, Cassel and
others have directed attention to
the theory of purchasing power j
parity, which asserts in effect,
that it is not necessary that two
countries be on the gold standard
or on the same standard in order
to trade. It does not matter
whether the standard is gold, gold
exchange, silver, copper or paper.
All that is necessary is that the,
price of exchange on a foreign!
country be at a parity with the
purchasing power of the exchange
bought. When monetary problems
(Continued on Pane Three)
This Little Matter of
Self Respect
It'HTOHIAI I - -1
WTE regret that some of those
who urged the downfall of
yesterday's amendments resorted
to the means which they did to
help defeat them. We rather
imagine they thought they were
putting something over on the
Emerald. If they will investigate,
they will find they put something
aver on themselves.
If you can't fight fairly, don't
fight at all. We've been battling
for what we think is right all
year, and we've never hit below
the belt yet. The fellow who can't
play fair and square hurts himself
worse than the other chap. There
was no need for those who usurped
the Emerald last night for their
own purposes, to do so. Not even
a quorum of 000 was at the elec
tion. They trespassed in vain.
We would have been glad to
publuh the couuuumeaUou of the
committee of fifty in the columns
of the Emerald. The student body
president, who praised some of the
amendments six weeks ago and
criticized them all Wednesday,,
will tell you that we play fair and1
that we run statements when they !
are brought to us.
Some of the amendments which ;
we backed were snowed under.
We are not crying. We fought!
fairly and squarely, and thus en-'
joy a satisfaction which some of
our adversaries cannot claim.
And we are confident of two
things. One is that those who1
took advantage of a Press superin
tendent's fine trust in human na
ture and %the door he ordered left
unlocked will find such tactics
never get you far over the brief
lap we jog. The other is that the
measures which we backed yester
day some day will be acclaimed j
by a group of students, animated
by the desire to get out of the
political and financial bog in which
the A. S. U. O. struggles today.
We were a voice in the wilderness
yesterday. But many other voices
will beat down the frontiers of
prejudice and lack of understand
ing in the future.
1
Washington
Bystander..
By KIRKE SIMPSON
WASHINGTON, D. C., May 4—
’’ While congress moves to arm
him with wider powers to simplify
federal government mechanisms
than any other president has ever
known, President-elect Roosevelt
seems to be preparing to carry
that crusade for the relief of over
burdened taxpayers far beyond
that point.
If the conference of governors
he will assemble at the White
House two days after his inaugur
ation is not a direct outgrowth of
Mr. Roosevelt's personal four year
study of overlapping state, county
and municipal governmental ma
chinery, it would be hard to under
stand why it was called at all.
* * *
Harking back through his
speeches of his four years as gov
ernor of New York, that note re
curs persistently. It was his most
frequent topic during the incuba
tion period of his presidential
nomination candidacy.
That Roosevelt speech on pyra
mided layers of governmental bu
reaucrasies within a state got to
be very old stuff to his immediate
staff in the days when he had not
yet admitted his candidacy for the
presidential nomination.
He used it over and over again
when he was being careful not to
commit himself as to more per
sonal political matters. Yet the
very first step of his own initia
tive as president-elect projecting
forward into his coming admini
stration was this call for a con
ference of governors.
Lacking this background of
what has so long been in the
Roosevelt mind, the White House
meeting of the federal and state
chief executives March 6 might
loom as just a fine gesture at
party harmony.
With 38 out of 48 state gov
ernors of his own party faith, Mr.
Roosevelt could expect a fine turn
out and some added widespread
support for his national admini
stration policies as the new regime
in Washington sets out on its
great task.
* * *
From that standpoint alone it
was good politics. The general
tone of the acceptances the presi
dent-elect has received is suffici
ent evidence of that. Yet in the
light of that favorite Roosevelt
topic of four years and of his not
able trait of amiable persistence
with an idea once it takes firm
hold of his mind, a lot more signi
ficance attaches to that conference
of governors than a first glance
might reveal.
Assault and
Battery &221
HNE thing we've always liked
about Junior Week-end is the
big canoe race. As Benny Base
ball says, it gives a lot of colle
gians the chance to actually find
out how fast they are in a canoe.
FOUND—A roll of $25 bills. Will
the owner please form a line at
the east end of the Journalism
building, tomorrow at 8.
* * *
We nominate for the Keg club
and the free ducat to George God
frey's cinema emporium: Bob Mc
Combs, because his imitation of
Josephus Collegius is the best yet.
* * *
CAROLINE HAHN IS
NAMED FOR WORK
(Headline, Emerald)
What with the attention from
the SPT's we wouldn’t say “work,”
but “workout.”
$ * *
Well, Johnny Robinson will be
baclf on the home territory next
Sunday. Another one of ye alma
mater's musical prodigees. Added
to the long list, such as Johnny
Smedberg, Kenny Allen, et al.
* * *
ON THE POLICE BLOTTER:
Chic Burrow yodeling .... Harry
(the Duke) Weimar crying on
somebody's shoulder .... Bull
Wright driving the beautiful boat
. . . . Nancy Suomela talking poli
tics .... Virgil Larsen, the old
chemist .... Gus Elbow trying to
vote ....
==— I
Current
LITERATURE
By JOHN SELBY
MOST scholars, whether relig
iously inclined or not, would
agree that among the major trag
edies of Christianity is the fact
that for the average person the
Biblical heroes, and particularly
Jesus, seem to walk and talk in a
vacuum.
That is, there is so little physical
background in the usual mind for
the Bible tales, that the figures in
them tend to become two-dimen
sional, sometimes lacking in the
human qualities and hence unreal.
This in spite of the fact that the
Book contains much of the mate
rial needed for understanding, pro
vided one takes the trouble to dig
it out.
Dr. Henry Kendall Booth has
filled in the background of Jesus
in his new book, "The World of
Jesus,” drawing therefor upon a
wide range of lay and ecclesiasti
cal sources. He describes the town
and the neighborhood of Nazareth,
and even the view from the hill 3
thereabout.
He tells what Jesus did in the
carpenter shop that descended to
him from Joseph, and draws a pic
ture of the practical surroundings
which contributed so much to the
thought and phraseology of Jesus.
Nazareth was not a backwoods
village, he points out, but a cos
mopolitan center whose influence
may be found in the Gospels. He
describes in detail the costume of
the time, not omitting to recall
that the cloak of the Jew was
frequently pledged for debt, but
that the man who held it must re
turn it by sunset each day!
The same process draws in the
detail of the Galilean scene for the
reader, and of Jerusalem. In addi
tion there is a relation of the
teaching of Jesus to his life and
background that many will find
helpful, but which sometimes in
troduces an element of sermoniz
ing that obscures the picture for
a moment.
The book is provided with an
index, and a list of suggested read
ing is also appended.
' ' “ j
Answers
By BARNEY CLARK
1. Actually there are four sub
divisions which the functions of
the department are divided into.
They are:
(a) The instruction of future
teachers of physical education,
that is, physical education ma
jors.
(b) The instruction of stu
dents in games and recreations
which will give them both pleas
ure and health in the future.
(c) The organization and
administration of intramural
sports programs.
(d) The organization, admin
istration, and promotion of a
recreation program whereby the
individual voluntarily comes out
for sports himself.
2. The fact that at Oregon
physical education is a part of
general education. That is, at
Oregon the physical education
classes meet regularly, have an
instructor whose purpose is to
teach, are graded, have exams,
and, in short, are essentially the
same as classes in social' science
or any other subject. This is a
distinct feature which is found in
few other schools.
3. There has been a tremen
dous increase in the number of
participants in intramural sports.
4. Making faculty members and
students understand that physical
education is not merely “exercise,"
or “getting up a sweat,” or “tak
ing a workout”; but rather a defi
nite educational procedure with
all the teaching methods, aims,
and objectives of any other
branch of education.
5. Because of the few people
interested, and the general high
cost and great amount of equip
ment necessary, fencing can be
classed as the leader of the ex
pensive sports. T le necessity for
specially made c.othing coupled
with the fact that the epees, foils,
and sabers are often imported
from abroad and therefore quite
expensive make this a costly
sport.
6. The indications are that the
intramural sports program will
grow more and more popular. It
has just been nicely started at
Oregon, and expectations point to
its gaining the popularity that in
tercollegiate sports received here
a few years ago.
I CH°C0LA7'/is
I MOTHER’S DAY
M Your mother will appreciate a box of our
jHj " McDonald V' Knit Lake candy.
I Priced at 50c to $1.50
I UNIVERSITY PHARMACY
19 Tlie Students’ Drug Store
V 11TH and ALDER PHONE 111