, 434
MRS. BRUCE ELLIOTT inspects a favorite rose bush for
signs of ophids and other pests os she prepares to dust
with her favorite-all-purpose rose dust. Control of aphids,
mildew and black spot is accomplished by regular use of
one of the mony dusts or sprays available. Rose care is
easy, Mrs. Elliott says, if a regular routine of protection is
followed. The reword is evident in the many beautiful
shrubs ond plants noted in the Elliotts' yard in Laurel
wood. (News-Review photo)
Turf Seed Market Reported
Promising By OSU Experts
The prospect of smaller carry
overs coupled with good foreign
and domestic demand during the
current marketing year are causes
for optimism in the turf seed mar
ket situation for 1963, reports Ray
Teal, Oregon State University ex
tension seed and grain marketing
specialist.
Carryover Small
Prices for fine fescue seed are
already reflecting prospects for a
smaller carryover this year than in
1962, Teal points out in the new
Oregon Farm and Market Outlook
circular now available from county
extension offices.
Canadian Imports, a bugaboo for
ine Oregon industry, may be expect
ed to decline sharply this year be
cause Canada's 1962 crop was only
v.o million pounds, compared to 21
million pounds in 1961. Teal notes.
Supplies of bentgrass seed for
use would Indicate a smaller carry
over on July 1 than last year, pro
vided use remains at last season's
level, he adds. Prices have al
ready strengthened for the bent
grasses and new plantings, prati
cularly of Astoria, are being plan
ned. Growers should consult their
seed dealer and county extension
agent before making new plantings,
Teal urges.
U.S. supplies of common blue
grass seed, including estimated im
ports, are smaller this season than
last year with prices holding steady
at last fall's levels so far this
year. Acreage of Merion bluegrass
for seed appear to be increasing
about as fast as use increases at
present prices, Teal observes.
There is evidence that more
"private" bluegrass selections, in
troduced by seed companies, will
be grown in the future and Teal
suggests that growers planning to
expand their acreage or plant blue
grass for the first time might in
vestigate these new varieties. De
veloping and planting new varieties
for special areas and uses can be
to the Northwest's advantage, he
adds.
Supplies of Alta fescue seed this
season are a fourth smaller than
the amount used last year, with
prices reflecting this situation by
reaching the highest level
in several years, the specialist said.
There is need for some new acre
age where good quality seed can
be grown with above average
yields. Teal believes.
Orchardgrass acreage, particu
larly of the new improved varie
ties, is expanding in Oregon. The
quality of western-grown orchard-!
grass seed is being recognized,
Teal notes, giving seed growers
an opportunity for further diver
sification of their operations. Pcnn
late, Potomac aad Latar are varie
ties growers should consider, he
adds.
Prospects are good that carry
over of alfalfa seed this summer
1
IEST OF THE BAITS
will be smaller than last year, es
pecially of improved varieties such
as Vernal. The use of new improv
ed varieties, produced in the
Northwest, has been increasing rap
idly. Alkali and leaf cutter bees have
made Eastern Oregon and the Co
lumbia Basin area of Oregon and
Washington high-yielding alfalfa
seed areas with increasing acre
ages. By contrast, California acre
age is declining, he said.
lied clover seed supplies are
currently near the recent use level
and a moderate seed acreage in
crease is justified in the Northwest
where good yields can be obtained.
Prices for improved varieties may
be expected to remain strong in
the near future. Teal believes.
Garden-Break Pup
By Use Of Spray
Ending dog nuisance and mess
in both the house and yard need
not be difficult if you follow these
easy tips.
If you have a new puppy, keep
him in a rugless room or in the
kitchen until he is housebroken.
When the puppy makes a mistake,
wipe it up with a rag and take the
rag to a spot you have selected
in the garden. Place the cloth
there. Each time the puppy re
peats a mistake, scold him and
take him to the spot you have se
lected. Take him to this same spot
in the morning, before each play
period and after each meal. The
odor of the rag there will give him
the Idea of using this same spot.
Stay with him until he relieves
himself, then compliment him and
take him back to the house.
Dogs tend to return to a spot
they have used before because of
the odor. Therefore, it is important
that you discourage them from
using shrubs, trees, flowers or
building corners.
Just as odors tend to attract ani
mals, so too, can odors be used to
repel. The odor of nicotine sul
phate will keep your dog, neigh
bor's pets, rabbits and cats away
from your precious plants.
Mix two tablespoonsful of nico
tine sulphate solution in a gallon
of water and apply every two
weeks to Dossible net targets. Be
sure to renew applications of the
spray after every rain.
Evergreens and shrubs can be
protected by dipping three or four
nine cleaners in nicotine sulphate
solution, cbnding the tops of the
cleaners cane-fashion, then hook
them over low branches at the nose
level of the average dog.
Tree trunks can be protected by
wrapning a one-inch strip of cloth
saturated with the same solution
around the trunk at the height of
a dog's nose.
Once nicotine sulphate is ap
plied, nature takes its course by
utilizing the animal's keen sense of
smell, making dogs, cats and rab
bits detour to more attractive
playgrounds.
Arrangers Adopt
Ornamental Kale
The most exquisite coloring you
can imagine in such a utilitarian
plant as kale is present in the
type known as "ornamental" or
"flowering" kale. In a single plant
leaves may be colored various
shades of green shading to pale
pink then to deeper pink, often
with white or cream color in addi
tion Or, the leaves may grade from
dark to light green, to yellow to
cream to white in another head.
Do you wondpr that this plant is
beloved of flower arrangers?
As the weather grows colder in
autumn, 'Jie colors of the leaves
deepen one reason why arrange
ments for the fall holidays, Hallo
ween and Thanksgiving, which
use leaves of ornamental kale will
be particularly beautiful. I
fJbo3lcusRoview
Sot., Jum 1, 1961 TIm
'GET THOSE BUGS That's probably what Bruce El
liott is saying to himself as he sprays shrubbery outside
the Elliott home in Laurelwood. In approved fashion, El
liott wears gloves while handling insecticides and tries to
pick a windless day for spraying. Scenes like the one pic
tured are being observed all over the area as residents at
tack the hosts of insects and other pests which crop up
olong with late spring growth of plants. Regular spraying
and dusting do much toward promoting a healthy, pest
free yard, the experts say. (News-Review photo)
Geranium Plants Are Host
To Dreaded Wilt Disease
Better take a close look at that
geranium in your garden.
Recent research at Oregon State
University shows that the bane of
mint and potato growers verticil
lium wilt may be fairly common
in geranium plantings.
Frank P. McWhorter, OSU plant
pathologist, has recently pinpointed
the disease in geraniums and has
alerted florists and home garden
ers that verticillium infection can
be confused with a common bacter
ial infection found in tliesa usually
dependable plants.
Typical symptoms of geraniums
infected with verticillium are the
same as those for geraniums suf
fering from the bacterial disease.
One prime difference exists be
tween the two. Bacterial infection
till now thought to be the only
serious disease of geraniums
docs little or no harm to other
plants in the home garden and docs
not infest the soil.
Infests Soil
Verticillium does infest the soil
and can damage and eventually de
stroy other plantings later placed
in the same location. Verticillium
is a soil fungus which enters plants
through their roots, and is widely
known as the cause of wilt in po
tato, tomato, cotton, mint and ber
ry crops. Trees, many kinds of
nursery stock, herbaceous and most
ornamental composites especial
ly dahlias are also hosts for
verticillium.
McWhorter points out that the
fungus disease is hard to spot in
the early stages because it has a
long incubation period and definite
symptoms may now show up for
several months. Nurserymen often
do not know that geraniums are
infected until the plant is sold and
planted in the home garden.
Young geraniums started in OSU
greenhouses the previous Septem
ber were thriving and healthy till
early May last year when they de
veloped typical verticillium symp
toms. Home gardeners should watch
for:
Dwarfing. This is the most likelv
symptom to look for before buying
plants. Nurserymen and buyers
should be wary of plants which are
slow growth and which have small
er than normal leaves.
Yellow spotting and yellow
lnvti. Plants with yellow leaves
on mid and upper stems may have
verticillium. Yellow leaves on bot
tom items of geranium plants are
WILL BLOOM
THIS YEAR!
MIXED 2"-
GLOXINIA
Bulbs .
REG. 39c
m
G&O Park-N-Shop
SOUTHGATt SHOPPING CENTER ... OR 1-8421
Opm Daily M I . . . SUNDAY 9:00 H 7:00
SECTION
Newt-Review, Rateeunj, Or, i
usual. If leaves develop bright yel
low spots before they yellow all
over, McWhorter says verticillium
is most probable. These yellow
leaves will drop prematurely and
the affected branches will become
short, pointed stubs.
Diaback. If yellow spotting of
leaves is followed by gradual with
ering and disintegration 3 to (
inches down the stem, the plant
may be infected with verticillium.
Infected stems will be killed and
form no more foliage. (In Reran
iums infected with bacterial blight,
stems lrequently recover and con
tinue to grow).
Wilt. Wilting generally is a prom
inent symptom in plants infected
with verticillium. Leaves fold down
during the warmer part of the
day and plants grow slowly. Mc
Whorter's research shows, howev
er, that the other symptoms de
scribed are more common in Ore
gon geranium plantings.
Advice Given
McWhorter has this advice for
the home gardener. Always buy
healthy looking plants and beware
of those with short intcrnodes and
with yellow leaves on middle or
upper stems.
Pull out geraniums which may
be infected being sure to get
all roots and let the soil rest a
year or so before replanting.
Avoid using soil from potato
fields, or other fields in which
verticillium host has been growing,
for geranium beds.
Future research is aimed at dis
covering as much as possible about
the way verticillium affects gcran
iums. Some evidence exists which
leads McWhorter to suspect that
geraniums may be one of the few
plants where verticillium is seed
borne. If additional study shows
this to be so, propagation and cul
tivatinn of verticillium-free plants
will lie additionally difficult and
complicated for both the nursery
men and the home gardener.
FLORAL ARRANGEMENTS
While a floral arrangement for a
table setting is still called a cen
terpiece, it does not have to be
confined to the center of a table.
The number of guests expected,
and the type of setting selected,
should determine where flower ar
rangements are to be placed, the
Society of American Florists ad
vises.
GLADIOLUS h
BULBS
4.
ea.
Bugs Baffle Gardeners In Endless Warfare
Despite Numerous 'Miracle' Chemicals
The home gardener's problem of
insect control might seem to be
simple as a result of the many
homifin) nnri cn-pnllmt "innr''
sprays on the market.
Almost the reverse is true. The
increasing stream of insecticides,
fungicides and miticides intro
duced over the past few years has
only contused the gardener, lie still
cannot find the single weapon he
seeks for eradicating all the pests
(and diseases) attacking his plants.
There is no universal product.
Over 399,000 Enemies
Confused? No wonderl There are
over 300,000 types of insect invad
ing gardens. Myriads of them are
found only in certain climates,
many attack only during favorable
80-Year-Old Insectide Reported
Still A Modern-Age Miracle
In this age of so-called "mir
acle" chemicals it is important
that the gardener does not over
look many of the older and wider
used chemicals available. In many
cases these established, tried and
proved preparations provide the
best answer to the gardener s spe
cific problems.
Tim Tested
Nicotine sulphate is an excellent
example of a chemical prepara
tion that has been used for over
80 years and is still one of the
most effective insecticides avail
able for the control of aphids and
similar sucking insects.
The history of nicotine sulphate
as a garden spray can be traced
back to 1879. A company produc
ing wrappers for plug tobacco used
a process which involved soaking
the tobacco leaf in an alconoi solu
tion. During this soaking, the alco
hol absorbed a volatile alkaloid
from the tobacco, commonly known
as nicotine. For years this solu
tion had been discarded but
through experiments the tobacco
company found that it effectively
killed lice and mites. After this dis
covery the solution was bottled and
sold to farmers and gardeners for
insect control. It was one of the
first commercially prepared insec
ticides ever sold.
After extensive research, it was
found that nicotine could be much
more effectively used as an insecti
cide in a 40 per cent nicotine sul
phate solution. This typo ot solu
tion kills aphids, thrips, lcafhop
pers and similar sucking insects
with a two-way action. . .by con
tact and by "gassing" them with
fumes.
No Immunity Buildup
Research on the use of nicotine
sulphate has been continuous. The
results of this scientific mvcstiga
tion arc important to gardeners
and indicate that 40 per cent nico
tine sulphate offers qualities which
are superior to many of the newer
chemicals.
For example, there is no insect
build-up to Immunity from 40 per
cent nicotine sulphate spray.
Through all of its years of use
insects have not been able to de
velop strains resistant to nicotine
sulphate. Insects havo been aole to
build-up immunity to many of the
newer, so-called "miracle" chem
icals. The development of resist
ant insect strains has been most
disconcerting to gardeners who
might find that last year's "mir
acle" turns out to be this year's
"disappointment."
Although 40 per cent nicotine sul
phate is a highly effective killer of
harmful insects, it docs not de
stroy beneficial predatory insects
or pollenizers. These beneficial in
sects actually aid the gardener by
helping to destroy harmful in
sects. Of course the pollenizers,
such as bees, play an important
role in the plant reproductive cy
cle. It is Important to note that many
conservation authorities and bird
lovers have been concerned by
many of the newer chemicals caus
ing the destruction of bird life. This
destruction of bird life is actually
TIPS ON CENTERPIECES
The old-fashioned rigidity of ta
ble settings has given way to mod
ern adaptability and versatility by
the advent of buffets and informal
sit-down dinners, and the use of
brightly colored linens and dining
accessories of contemporary ae
sign.
Placement of centerpieces ac
cording to the number of antici
oatcd guests and the type of set
ting selected, permits the use of
a wide range of both locations and
of types of Hotter arrangements
PETUNIAS LAWN SEED GARDEN TOOLS
1ST. QUALITY Reg. 29e Voluei to $2.98
Large Assortment Special Mix for Long Handle, Large
of Color Thii Area Assortment to choose from.
IV" 39c LB 19c 99c
weather conditions, others prefer
'certain types of foliage. The com-
plexities are staggering.
What is the gardener to do? Un
less he is familiar with plant life,
has extensive knowledge of insects
. . . their life cycle and habits, he
is often unaware that some of them
are attacking his plants until it is
too late.
Even if he were familiar with
many pests, and knew specific
chemicals to combat them, he
would find these same chemicals
of little value against other garden
pests.
Ask The Man Who Knows
To solve this problem, wo sug
gest that the gardener ask the
caused Indirectly by the chemicals
but still it represents a serious
threat. The insects eat portions of
the plants covered with the newer
chemicals and retain the poison
internally. Birds then cat the in
sects and become poisoned by the
chemical residue remaining in the
insect's stomach. Since 40 per cent
nicotine sulphate kills by external
contact and fumes this threat to
bird life is not present when 40
per cent nicotine sulphate is used.
Combination Spraying
To make the gardener's job eas
ier, 40 per cent nicotine sulphate is
compatible with most standard
spray materials making it ideal
lor combination spraying. Combin
ation spraying which might util
ize several different insecticides
and fungicides allows the gardener
to do several jobs at the same
time.
Along with these other qualities,
40 per cent nicotine sulphate offers
the advantage of being non caus
tic, thereby protecting foliage. It
does not leave any unsightly rest
due after application.
The gardener must remember
thot ho is faced with over 300,000
different types of insect enemies,
Proper chemical selection depends
upon the type of control that is
needed and on what typo ot plant
application is to be made. There
is no universal cure-all. However,
if your problem is aphids, thrips,
lcafhoppcrs or similar sucking in
sects on roses, gladioli, mums,
mony shrubs, vegetables, or fruit
trees, we suggest that 40 per cent
nicotine sulphate is worthy of your
most serious consideration, ii lias
been a gardener's stundby for
mony years and though over 80
years old should still be consider
ed a modern chemical "miracle."
Gardeners Boon
Is Vermiculire
One of the handiest growing aids
availablo to the gardener is ver-
niiculltc.
Venniculite. rendered complete
ly sterile by processing at high
temperatures, is an organic miner
al capable of holding large quan
tities of moisture and air within
its cellular, sponge-like structure.
When tilled into the soil, it gives
body to rand and breaks up and
arcatcs clay. Ucsiclcs neing useiui
in gardens and new lawns, these
qualities make vcrmiculitc ideal
for established lawns where com
paction has created hare spots.
Vermicullto has found accept
ance indoors, too. Seedlings and
cuttings show long, healthy roots
and rapid growth when rooted in
vcrmiculitc or soil loosened with
vcrmiculite particles. House plants
grow better and require less water
when vcrmiculitc is added to the
putting soil.
Upland Cress Reported
Good Table Delicacy
The requirements for growing
water cress include a brook or
pond with cold, clear water and
thus are not available to every
gardener. However, anyone with
even enough space to plant a sin
gle row of seeds can grow a near
relative called upland cress.
There are two kinds of upland
cress, one with curly leaves and
one with plain leaves. Hither will
he usable in salads or for a gar
nish in SO days from the lime
seeds arc sown.
Plant seeds in early spring, spac
ing them so there are half a dozen
seeds to the inch and covering
them with not more than a quarter
inch of soil. They need no special
care, only a sunny situation in
fairly good soil. You'll be pleased
with their pungent flavor, so much
like that of genuine water cress.
his garden
supply dealer. His garden supply
dealer generally has a wide range
of knowledge that is specifically
related to the insect problems in
his area. He is kept fully inform
ed by extensive informational pro
grams conducted by the chemical
manuiaciurers.
Don't Overlook Oldtr Products
Most garden supply dealers
agree that in this age of "miracle"
chemicals it is important that we
don't overlook many of the older,
tried and tested chemicals, in
many cases these proved prepara
tions provide the best answer to
a gardener's specific problems.
For example, aphids, thrips, leaf
hoppers and similar sucking in
sects are killed instantly ny nico
tine sulphate, a chemical that has
been used effectively since 1879.
(Nicotine sulphate is widely known
as Black Leaf 4;).
Insect Immunity
The effect of nicotine sulphate
on insects is two fold ... it "gas
ses" them and also destroys them
on contact. No strains of Insects
have developed immunity against
nicotine sulphate in over 80 years
of use. This remarkable fact is in
striking contrast to many of the
itnu'fir n.fnllml "mll-nrln" rliemi.
cals.
The problem of insect immunity
against newer chemicals has been
a source of discouragement and
despair to many gardeners. Last
vnni-'a "siKu'nr'' In enrrtnn Infps.
tntion often proves no answer at
all to the havoc of insects this
year!
Other Considerations
Related to the problem of in
sect eradication is the protection
man who knows
Garden Chemicals: Boon Or Doom
- Article Reports On Controversy
The best-selling "Silent Spring"
by Rachel Carson has caused any
thing but a "silent" reaction. The
book tells a fearful story of poi
soning of wildlife by the misuse
of chemical pesticides and de
scribes the diro effects of careless
mass spraying and dustings.
Gardener Fearful
Although Miss Carson has stat
ed "It is not my contention that
chemical insecticides must never
be used," and docs not claim in
her hook that homo garden use of
uesticides cause vast destruction.
Her book has created widespread
fear among many home gardeners
reuardinu t ic use of Insecticides.
To help clear up some oi ims
confusion and fear. Frank Sweet.
director of research for a garden
products company, reported on the
steps taken to bring tlio home
gardener the safest, most effective
chemical nroducts possible.
Sweet stuted, "Concern about
safety and protection of wildlife is
not the result of 'Silent Spring"
since chemical producers and gov
ernmcntnl agencies have been vi
tally concerned for many, many
years.
A nicotine sulphato formulation,
has been in use for ovor 80 years.
The formula has been developed so
that it spares birds and beneficial
predatory insects and pollenizers
while effectively protecting prec
ous plants against destructive suck
ing insects.
Sweet pointed out that nicotine
sulphate is widely used and recom
mended bv the U. S. Department
of Agriculture to humanely repel
dogs, cats and rabbits in tlie gar
den. He further explained "The
grcntcst caro is taken to give the
g'irdener exact Instructions and pr
cautions to bo followed in the use
of products. All packaging and in
struction materials are carefully
scrutinized by the government be
fore they arc made available to
the home gardener.
Use Is Vital
Chemical insecticides play a vi
tal role in feeding and protecting
the health of 10 million Americans
and peoples throughout the world.
Tho great strides mado in chemi
cal research have directly contri
buted to our agricultural abun
dance, so essential in eliminating
the world's hunger and answering
the problems created by today s
Donulation exnlosinn.
In the area of health, the U. S.
Public Health Service estimates
that no less than 100 million ill
nesses anil countries deaths have
been prevented by insecticides con
trolling insect carried diseases.
Certainly, careless use of chem
icals can be dangerous. So too is
careless driving, careless use of
electricity or careless uso of med
icines. This docs not mean that we
would bo better off to give up
their use.
10 Safety Commandments
Here arc 10 commandments for
safo and effective use of your gar
den chemicals:
1. Read all labels, Instructions
and precautions carefully and fol
low them exactly.
2. Keep chemicals out of the
PRICES
GOOD
THRU
Sup Joy
of beneficial predatory insects and
pollemzers, such as bees. Again,
nicotine sulphate, while highly ef
fective against harmful sucliing in
sects, does not destroy beneficial
insects which aid the gardener.
Another advantage ot nicotine
sulphate is that dogs, cats and rab
bits are repelled by the chemical
. a humane way to protect bom
plants and animals.
mrci me loo nas oeen closely
tied in with the use of insecticides.
The destruction of bird life by
many of the newer chemicals has
been a source of concern for con
servation societies. Birds eat in
sects and often are poisoned by
chemical residue in the insects'
stomach. Since nicotine sulphate
kills by external contact and fumes,
this threat to bird life is not pres
ent. Combination Sprtying
To make the gardener's job eas
ier, nicotine sulphate and most
standard spray materials are com
patible, making combination spray
ing possible. Thus, standard chemi
cals to kill insects other than those
controlled by nicotine suit hate,
fungacides, and even wettable fer
tilizers can be combined with nico
tine sulphate to allow the gardener
to complete many garden care and
protection obs with ust one spray
ing. Still A Standby
If aphids, thrips, lcafhoppcrs
and similar sucking Insects threat
en your roses, gladioli, mums,
shrubs, trees, vegetables, etc. be
sure you consider the use of a 40
per cent nicotine sulphate solution.
It is still a gardener's standbv aft
er 82 years of effective use.
reach of children and away from
pets, clothing or fecdstuffs. , .a
locked cabinet is best.
3. Always use only the recom
mended rates of application. Chem
icals will not bo mora effective it
you use more than tho recommend
ed amount and could possibly be
injurious.
4. Use your chemicals as a pre
ventive measure. . .start spraying
and dusting before insect damage
occurs.
5. Delay spraying or dusting if
the day is wincfy.
6. Be sure to apply sprays and
dusts uniformly, covering under
sides as well as topsides of foliage.
7. Don't apply chemicals to vege
tables or fruits Immediately before
picking. . follow instructions on tho
minimum interval lor uso Dciore
harvest.
8. Avoid inhalation of sprays or
dusts and do not gets on hands or
clothing. Wash hands immediately
after spraying being careful not to
touch face or eating before bands
are thoroughly cleaned.
9. Be suro that labels and in
structions remain on chemical
packages and are not mutilated. If
chemicals are marked "Poison" bo
certain that instructions for anti
dote remain on package or are
readily available.
ID. Clean spraying and dusliim
equipment immediately after use.
By following these simple, com
mon sense rules you'll have a mors
beautiful garden while protecting
against a "silent spring."
Famous Jacuul quality deep well
Jet pumps at a new LOW price.
Delivers up to 560 gallons of
water per hour to four home..
NIIDS NO CONTBOl VAIVI
New "Syncro-flow" design auto
snaticallr guarantees maximum
pumping capacity In spite of
dunging water level. Patented jet
charger prevents water logging.
See these new deep well lets.
Shallow well units, too. Nothing
else like 'em. Don't fettle for less I
oi low oa
$86
Vi HP
Basic Unit
Get the Facts I
Befoff ton but T orW
pump or witef fyeab
check wkh w.
VALLEY PUMP
& IRRIGATION
Service
OR 3-4923
H r NO (OKftfl. VALVE i
PUMPS 1
urns t'jtiSL.
C