f The Newi-Revlew, Ronburg, Oft. Thun., Pec. 1, 1949
New Model "Alcometer" Registers
Accurately "Sober" Or "Plastered"
By WAYNE OLIVER
NEW YORK, OP) Science Is working both 8lde of the street
Not only does It develop drinks that are more tempting, but It also
comes up with better devices to blast your alibi If you have too
many.
Among the displays at the chemical Industries exposition here ts
a streamlined 1950 model "alcometer," which might more aptly be
called a "drunkometer."
It's about the size of a small
console radio and the manufac
turers say It's as easy to operate.
It has a sloping panel with about
half a dozen controls, a large
dial with a pointer and a tube
sticking out the right hand side.
You blow your breath Into the
tube. The operator of the ma
chine, a refinement of earlier
models, manipulates the controls.
Eight minutes later the hand on
the dial moves over the telltale
evidence cold sober, mildly in
toxicated, or stinko.
The machine, made by Alfred
Blcknell Associates of Cambridge,
Mass., was developed by Dr. Leon
A. Greenberg and associates In
the department of applied physi
ology at Yale university.
Dr. Greenberg explained that
the dial is calibrated to show the
percentage of alcohol In the
blood. This has been accepted In
a number of states as legal evi
dence of degree of intoxication.
The machine actually measures
the amount of alcohol on the
breath, but translates this to per
centage In the blood because the
two are related by a fixed ratio.
Degrees Registered
Dr. Greenberg said the uni
versally accepted measurements
are these: up to .05 per cent al
cohol In your blood, sober; .05
to .15 per cent, your command
of your faculties probably is im
paired but that alone is not proof
you're drunk; from .15 up, no
question about it you're plas
tered. That .05 to .15 range, he ex
plained, is the range covering
the differences in individuals
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Clue Found To
Hearing Defects
At Childbirth
PHILADELPHIA, UP) A
clue as to why some children
are born deaf or with hearing
defects that later lead to toal
deafness has been uncovered by
the Diversity of Pennsylvania
hospital.
The hospital said the RH ne
gative blood factor "can be dir
ectly responsible for impaired
hearing in the children of par
ents who have what Is known
as RH Incompatibility."
RH gets its name from the
fact it first was discovered in
Rhesus monkeys. It is the factor
in tne Mood which relers to a
substance found in the red blood
cells. About 87 percent of nor
mal persons have this RH sub
stance In their bloodstreams and
they are called "RH positives."
The remaining 13 percent don't
and are "RH negatives."
When an RH negative woman
marries a man with RH posi
tive blood, the hospital explain
ed, she often is unable to bear a
healthy child.
Her unborn baby's blood can
cause her own blood to produce
anti-bodies that may spell death,
serious illness or defects for her
child.
Such a condition, the hospital
explains, is known as RH incom
patibility between parents.
The discovery was made
through observation of 50 chil
dren afflicted with cerebral pal
sy. Many of the children also
had hearing defects and speech
disorders.
After testing the RH blood of
children and also parents, Dr.
Joseph Sateloff director of re
search In the hospital'! audiology
section reported that without
exception the RH blood factor
was involved in each of the cere
bral palsy-hearing defect cases.
There Is promise for relief of
children born with such congen
ital defects, university medical
authorities said.
Among methods known by me
dical science for coping with RH
incompatibility is blood transfu
sion, where the child Is given a
brand new supply of blood after
birth. Another is the use of a
buttery substance known as RH
hapten which is said to neutralize
the antibodies formed when RH
positive and RH negative blood
types war on each other.
which cause one person to be
cutting capers on two martinis
and another to be steady as a
rock even after four or five. But
he said that beyond .15, it can be
safely concluded a person is
drunk no matter how well he
can hold his likker.
One advantage of the machine,
he declared, is that it Is much
faster and simpler than taking
a blood sample and making an
analysis. The gadget also is port
able, so It can be taken to prac
tically any location and plugged
into the nearest light socket.
Dr. Greenberg and the manu
facturers both emphasize that
the machine not only gets the
goods on the guilty, but protects
the Innocent. If you really did
have "only a couple of beers,"
the machine will back you up.
And It also protects persons suf
fering from shock, diabetic coma
or other conditions which might
cause them to be erroneously
charged with being Intoxicated.
There are about 400 oil refia
erles In the United States, locat
ed in 30 states.
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