10 The News-Review, Roseburg, Ore. Tuei., Sept. 6, 1949
jff FARM and GARDEN NEWS j
Nitrogen Applied To Straw
Fields Aids Soil And Crops
In fields littered with it raw in
regions of more than 20 inches
annual rainfall, 20 pounds if
available nitrogen avlied for
each ton of surface material will
help rot the straw and provide
nitrogen for the succeeding crop,
says Leroy Warner, O.S.C. exten
sion soil conservation specialist.
Where excessive straw is mix
ed with the soil and allowed to
rot unaided, a temporary nitro
gen shortage may result, the spe
cialist points out. This will ad
versely affect the succeeding
crop. . j
Ammonium sulphate applied at
the rate of 20 pounds of available
nitrogen would mean spreading
100 pounds of material. It is best
applied in the fall on ground
seeded to grain In eastern Oregon
In order that the crop will be
benefited during low moisture
years. Spring applications do not
benefit that year's crop, Warner
explains.
In areas with less than 20 Inch
es of annual rainfall, the special
ist recommends a fall addition of
20 to 30 pounds of available ni
trogen per acre regardless of
how much straw Is present.
Tests Support Claim
Tests carried on In Wasco
county in 1948, showed that whe.it
yields were increased about eight
bushels per acre for the first 29
pounds per acre of available ni
trogen applied. Yields were about
16 bushels better where 40 pounds
of available nitrogen was put on.
The average annual rainfall cf
this area is 11 to 13 inches, but
1948 was a better than average
moisture year.
Figures are not yet availaole
lor tne i!M crop year, Warner
adds. Yields are expected to be
higher as the result of the nitro
gen applications. No burning was
evident from applications ud to
500 pounds of ammonium sul
phate per acre in spite of the
dry season.
In most areas ammonium sul
phate is preferred over ammon
ium nitrate because it will not
leach as badly in the event of
heavy rains.
Farmers need to use straw to
increase organic matter which
results in more plant food, War
ner explains. Organic matter also
Increases the soil water holding
capacity which serves as an ero
sion preventative.
Mechanical Tree Shakers Cut Labor
In Harvesting Prune And Nut Crops
In harvesting nuts or nrunes.
mechanical tree shakers save ut
least one-half and usually more
of the man hours normally re
quired for shaking, reports M. G.
Huber, agricultural engineering
specialist at O.S.C, In a new Il
lustrated circular No. 535, 'Tips
on Tree Shakers."
In one case cited by Huber,
the operator and one man using
an engine-driven shaker did the
work in two hours that eight men
accomplished in one day by hand
shaking. Trees can be cleaned
mechanically as well as, if not
better than, by hand shaking, he
adds.
Shakers are usually built on the
regular farm tractor, using al
most as many designs as theie
are mechanically minded opera
tors. So far no one best design
has emerged, though Huber gives
a number of poi, ts to include or
avoid In building a successful
shaker.
Shakers are classified In two
general types the pull type,
which uses a flexible cable and
hook, and the push or boom type
which exerts a shoving action.
The latter requires only one man
to operate compared with two
with the cable type, but It Is more
complicated to build and requires
more careful design.
Huber recommends mounting
the shaker power unit on the front
of the tractor, making It easy for
Price Support
Levels For Beans
Under '48 Scale
WASHINGTON, Sept. 6 (JP
Bean price support levels some
what below last years are an
nounced by the Agriculture department.
The basic support prices for
tne ishs crop:
Green and yellow soy beans
M.ii, compared with $2.18 last
year.
Black, brown and mixed soy
beans, $1.91, compared with
$1.98.
Dry edible beans $6.40 to $8.85
a hundredweight according to va
riety and region, compared with
a range of $7.70 to $9.95.
The soy bean prices apply to
beans grading U.S. number two
and containing no more than 1
percent moisture. Premiums and
discounts will apply to other
grades.
The soy bean price prop is bas
ed on 90 percent of the comper
able price for all soy beans oi
September 1.
To be eligible for loan or pur
chase agreements the soy beans
mus.t grade VS. number four or
better and must not contain more
than 14 percent moisture.
Under, the support program,
loans and purchase agreements
will be available to producers
from the time of harvest through
Jan. 31, 19.V). Loans will mature
May 31, 1950 or earlier on de
mand. Producers desiring to deliver
soy beans under a purchase
agreement must declare their in
tention within a 30 -day period
ending May 31, 1950, or ending on
such earlier date as may be de
termined by the Commodity
Credit Cororatlon.
The edible bean supports are
based upon 80 percent of the par
ity price at the beginning of the
marketing year, Sept. 1.
Dairy Cows Need Shade
When Heat Soars Above 75
Chemical Spurs Nitrogen, Increases Wheat Yield
LA GRANDE, Sept. 6 l.V) A
chemical to increase the nitrogen
content of the soil has boosted the
How much shade do your dairy i showed that cows' body tempera- read w"'ning signals in bumper
animals need?
The answer according
to
O.S.C. extension dairy specialist,
H. P. Ewalt, depends on the ex
perience of the individual dairy
man, his breed of dairy cattle,
the climate, and the management
conditions on his particular farm.
ADiiity to withstand heat var
ies by breeds, Ewalt states. For
example, Brown Swiss can stand
more heat than Holsteins. al
though temperatures above 80 De
grees affect all milk production
adversely. Cows of all breeds
tend to give less milk with lower
butterfat content after that tem
perature is reached.
The longer the hot sDell. the
greater will be the drop in milk
production that may be expected.
Shade is desirable for dairy stock
when temperatures above 75 de
grees are experienced, and is
particularly important for vounz
In hot weather animals are
more comfortable on green,
growing pasture than In bare cor
rals. Tests made In another state
tures were appreciably lower un-
an i der pasture conditions. Air over
green pastures was about 10 de
grees cooler than in the corrals.
The evaporation of water from
growing plants and lessened heat
reflection make the difference,
Ewalt explains.
Night Pasturing May Aid
Some losses in milk production
and butterfat content which are
charged to hot weather may be
caused by feed conditions, the
specialist states. Hot weather
may reduce the amount of feed,
and, of course, the cows will not
be as active in high tempera
tures. In these cases, Ewalt sug
gests that night pasturing be
done on the best forage avail
able. The average body temperature
of a dairy animal is 101.5 de
grees Fahrenheit. Even when the
animal is not visibly sweatin;?,
considerable heat loss is appar
ent in ine torm oi perspiration
which Is not visible. This is why
a cow's body Is moist to the touch
on a hot day, Ewalt concludes.
Warning Seen In Bumper
Crops and Falling Income
SYRACUSE, Sept. 6 (. Sec-
iliay ? ,Ari?ul,ure, Brarinan , , f h , n
ments In union county.
The chemical anhydrous am
monia, widely used in the deep
south and in California was in
jected into the soil of wheat fields
here. - '
In one test a treaty tract pro-
the operator to watch the opera
tion and handle the tractor more
efficiently. Included are a num
ber of Illustrations of various
types of power connections.
Copies of the mimeographed
circular are available free
throiiRh county extension offices
or direct from the college.
Voy XI, No. 34
Sept. 6, 1949.
Hl-Lo: Feed and Prices
Believe It or not, and high-
powered competitive salesmen
notwithstanding, the Douglas
County Flour Mill has put some
reduced prices into etiect. ivota
bly among them being UMP-
QUA SCRATCH and HI-LO
BKOILLK KAT1UIN.
And. as our old customers al
ready know, and we now tell
our many new ones, we don t
lower our high quality in order
to be able to lower our prices.
Just whenever the cost of our
first class Ingredients drop, we
lower the boom on our selling
price.
Umpqua scratch grain con
tains wheat, cracked corn and
oats, and every bit of it Is re-
cleaned before being mixed.
Corn and oats have dropped In
price, so we have lowered the
price of Umpqua Scratch to
$4.05 a sack. Corn Is one of the
major Ingredients of HI-LO
BROILER RATION, so the drop
In corn prices means a drop in
your cost of HI-LO to $4.80.
Now, we want to pass along
to you some of the things we
learned'at the Improvement As
sociation meeting at Corvallis.
Dr. Scott, the man who is re
sponsible for the wonderful
feeds that are making big fry
ers out of little baby chix in
record time, told us a lot about
these feeds.
First, about the need of a
feed which would produce fine
chicken meat on the least
amount of feed per pound of
chicken, because chicken must
be taken out of the luxury class.
and meet the competition of
pork and beef, or the broiler
man must fold up.
Second, the need for a food
that would do this Job In a
minimum of time, in order to
save labor and equipment costs.
The results of several years
work became known as the
"Connecticut High Energv-Low
Fiber Broiler Ration." (there
fore the name of our Umpq.ua
HI-LO).
Among the other miracles re
sulting from those wonder
feeds. It was discovered that
they produced bettor flavored
meat, the carcass was much bet
ter covered with fat at equal
weights on ordinary foods, the
ment much more tender, and
with all those Improvements,
much easier to eat and enjoy.
All the "high-energy" feeds
now on the market are either
based on the original Connecti
cut formula, or modifications of
It. Our HI-LO Is modified to
conform with the latest expert-
ii-mai worn wnn tnis wonder
ration. Producers right here in
Douglas County are irpttin
weights end finish superior to
most other high energy feeds.
inis noes not surprise us
either. The same can be said of
most any other feed put out by
the Flour Mill. We sell all our
feeds on a money back guaran
tee mat you win ne satisfied.
But what we wish to stress at
this point is that when you next
decide to have filed chicken, In
sist that It be raised on UMP
QUA HI-LO. You will get a lux
ury food at n utility price; and
we mean LUXURY FOOD.
DID YOU EVER NOTICE, a
woman's thumb is pretty small.
But under many a one you will
find a man. We can got a peek
out once In awhile, though.
Uncle Honk Soyi
FOLKS -fhAT DON'T' HAVt
ANV PRIDE, FER -THEM
SELVES, CERTAINLY PONY
HAVE ANV TEST
OTHERS
Alfalfa Hay.
We are terribly glad that folks
read "THE FEED BAG." In
fact, If thev didn't, wed bo out
with the chickens ourself, wear
ing the proverbial tin hill. And
wo like for folks to talk over
what they think about it.
Last week we stated that
Eastern Oregon alfalfa was su
perior to Iiouglas County at
falfii. One ot our friends takes
Issue with us. on the ground
that we should bo a hotter
booster for Douglas County.
And we see where he is right.
In self defense, we will offer a
couple statements. First, we
love IVuglHs County. Wouldn't
live any other place In the
world. We think Douglas Conn
ty fruit, timber, chickens and
turkeys can't be surpassed any
iit in ine worm, we tninK
IVniglas County people should
take advantage of the climatic
conditions, and produce the
things that do best in Douglas
County. We've said time and
time again that we should pro
duce more and better chickens
and turkeys.
Secondly, we have hogged
and bogged fur local alfalfa
growers to bring In good aH
falfa to us. If we could get all
our annua irom Douglas Coun
ty farmers, don't think for i
minute we wouldn't gladly do
so. But, with a growing demand
for alfalfa, and our limited acre
age suitable for producing It,
we must ship It from outside.
So we do the next best thing.
We get it from OREGON, our
adopted state. .Yep, California
can beat Douglas County on
Oranges; Idaho can take us on
spuds, and Kalmalh Falls can
boat us a tiny hit on alfalfa. But
we can skin 'em all on our own
speciality.
So, once again, our apologies.
But If you have alfalfa, or grain
to sell, we want It. We need
every kernel of grain produced
In Douglas County, and In addl-
tint, will have to ship in several
train loads every year, to fill
the demand for good, reliable,
Popular economical Umpqua
eeds.
On That Bum Feed.
Mrs. John Farrell, a beginner
In the poultry business In
Camas bought 150 day old rhlx,
ent 6 extras, lost two accidental
like, and two died naturally.
Last week, she dressed out a
dozen, age 16 weeks, and the
cut-up meat, reHdy for frying
pan weighed Into ihe locker at
47 3 4 His. That is remarkable,
even though she foods some
Umpqua Chix Starter, and some
HI-LO. but all Umpqua Feeds.
Son: Dad, do you know that
In some parts of India men
don't know their wives until
after they are married?
Pop: Well, why single out
India?
Turkey Get Rich Quicken.
Doc Billings. Minnesota tur
key sage, opines that maybe the
West Coast will have to eat a
heap of turkey this year. The
supiMirt price "certainly doesn't
favor us out here. Maybe we
don't vote right.
California will produce more
turkeys than any other state
this year . . . Oregon will have
considerable increase. So will
Washington. We hotter stick to
a good turkey finisher at a low
firioe. And when we say a good
eod at a low price, what could
we mean except I'MIXJUA
TURKEY FEEDS?
Turkey Feeds.
We weighed some toms last
week that went 23 lbs., but
Goodness knows how old they
might have been. Maybe 4
months, may he loss. But they
had oaten nothing but Umpqua
foods and some rye grass pasture.
4-H Club Tours Top Records;
Girls Best At Identification
Attendance at a series of eight
regional 4-H club tours, now com
pleted, totalled 670 youngsters
accompanied by 32 volunteer Id
eal club leaders, L. J. Allen,
slate 4-H club leader, announces.
The tours occurred in both east
ern and western Oregon.
Eight is the largest number Lf
two and three day summer tours
that have ever been held In one
year. Ihe state leader Doints out.
Purpose of the tours is to show
4-H club youngsters outstanding
nvesiocK ana crop operations
throughout the state.
In all but two of the tours.
branch experiment stations were
visited, Allen states. Weed identi-
fication. crop and livestock iudc
Ing made up the competitive pro
gram.
At least for the bovs. the most
embarrassing moment on the Co
lumbia basin tour, was when win
ners were announced in a com
Lined livestock, crops and crop
Identification contest. The gills
took the first nine places in on
activity normally thought of as
a natural lor boys,
In addition to the recreation
i program which Included swim
( mlng and boating, 4-H tour
I groups visited a cheese factory,
' a stale pheasant farm, the Ore-
gon Dairy Breeders association
bull stud and a forest lookout.
These tour stops were aside
from visits to outstanding live
stock and crop farms where the
club members viewed animals,
saw good cropping practices, soil
conservation measures and ero
sion and weed control. In most
cases, the tours were held In con
nection with overnight camping
stops.
Largest tour In the state was
held in the Blue Mountain area
of northeastern Oregon with an
attendance of 111. One other tour,
In northwestern Oregon, had an
The temperature of the sun's
core has been computed to be
25.700.000 degrees centigrade.
-raciica
Pumping
(54TJ
U. -V.A O
attendance of more than 100, Al
len reports.
crop estimates coupled with fall
ing larm Income figures.
He told a farmer-labor con
ference here the second largest
farm output of all time is assur
ed but that "the old price squeeze
is operating again and the fann
er is caught right In the middle.''
And he put in a plug for his
program of price supports tied in
with supply-and-demand. soil con
ments with marketing agree
ments. "We must protect our agricul
tural economy against the disas
trous price declines that have
occurred so often in the past,''
he said. "We must find ways to
keep farmers producing and con
sumers consuming. We must in
sure our soils against further
abuse."
duced 61.1 bushels of wheat per
acre, while an adjoining untreat
ed tract yielded 45.6. Another test
produced 29 bushels on treated
land and 14 on untreated; and a
third, 32.9 compared to 24.1.
The anhydrous ammonia li
stored as a liquified gas, and in
jected into the ground from a
tank, pulled by a tractor.
Wages Established By
Oregon Nut Growers
SALEM, Sept. 6 i. Oregon
nut growers will pay pickers (he
same wages as last year, growers
decided at a meeting here.
The wage for filberts will bo
two cents a pound, plus a half
cent bonus for pickers staying
through the harvest season.
. Walnut growers will pay 1 1-4
cents a pound, plus a bonus of
1-4 cent.
Growers predicted an unusual
ly heavy crop.
FEED -FEED -FEED
FEED QUALITY AND PRICES ARE RIGHT
FREE FIELD SERVICE
FOR FEED SEED OR REMEDIES
PHONE OR CALL
Roseburg Feed & Seed Co.
DISTRIBUTORS
H I Centennial Feeds and Centennial Flour
Osk and Sprues Sts. Phone 374
Rugged I Compact I Dependable t
Horn-Draulic Loader are dome
the heavy, bock-breaking lifting
and loading job for thousands of
farmera and doing it easier and
quicker. Improved manure bucket
means more efficient loading and
cleaner dumping.
pounds.
f & y a L" 2000
-vXxnX s,mple lever con-
'SjS'adrritiz. V. (Tl ,ro', EMi'y taii
T V I ' deuched. Buytha
r f S sC'Vy I BiXia; V precion-built Horn-
V?Sv 'S lfVy,l Drsulic Loader th't
kit AfszJ$
No belts
chains or
gears fo
slip or
break
BUY WHERE YOU SHARE IN THE SAVINGS
DOUGLAS COUNTY
Farm Bureau Co-Operative Exchange
ROSEBURG, OREGON
Phone 98
Located W. Washington St. ond S. P. R. R. Tracks
Enjoy a Universal Automatic Water
System for low cost "all around" effi
ciency. You get plenty of water with
city pressure for kitchen, bathroom,
laundry and garden. There are Uni
versal Pumps and Water Systems
large and small for the home,
farm or industry.
UNIVERSALE
N IW
Mjrr.J,l!
lvMf4Hlt fcf 0l JsMlia-4 I
I .( Wtl! pmmp, S
Convenient Budget
Terms Available
W. M. SANDALL CO.
Highway M North
Prion. 1117-R
; wi i
O-P-E-N C-E-N-T-E-R TREAD
5 y P E c? - y e? jg .. (j? j$ o p
YRAYR TIKE
Bigger, broader, longer, high -shouldered
o-p-e-n c-e-n-t-e-r lugs on this sensational
lire give it a "super" grip. In actual farm
tests these massive lugs drove tractors
through wet, tlick, slippe'y toil at heavy
drawbar pull where other tirei bogged
downl Super-Sure-Gripi will help you plow,
plant and harvest faster and they don't
cost a penny more. Come In and look them
over.
CARTER TIRE CO.
444 N, Stephens Sr.
Phont 1683