2 Th Newt-Review, Roseburg, Ore. Mon., Feb. 7, 1949. 1 Tax Program Snarled
Finger Tip Pressure on New
Gadget Dents Hardest Steel
By HOWARD W. BLAKESLEE
AlBocUted Preai Science Editor
KEARNY, N. J. (IP) The pres
sure of your linger tip can make
a dent in the hardest steel.
You can do this with a new
device lor testing hardness In
the laboratory ol the United
: States Steel Corporation. Hard
ness usually Is measured by a
hammer-like blow.
About as much strength as one
linger pushing a beer glass will
do it the new way. The tester
is a diamond, cut so that one
side Is a square pyramid. The
square is barely visible. It can
make three separate dents in the
width ol a human hair.
Steel is polished until its lace
Is as Hat and smooth as glass.
This lace shows the outlines ol
the grains and crystals that lorm
the metal.
The diamond is set in a holder
about the size ol a man's linger,
and pushed by machine against
the polished surface. The dia
mond always makes a dent, be
cause it is so small. The depth
ol the dent measures the hard
ness. This hardness in a metal is
not something that spreads uni
formly through the structure.
Some ol the particles on the steel
surface are very hard, others
fairly soft.
Dr. J. B. Austin, director ol the
Steel Corporation's research, says
that the diamond point will dif
ferentiate between tiny particles
in steel that appear Identical
under a microscope. The dia
monds show the wearing quali
ties of steel, and how to improve
resistance of the metal to abra
sion. The diamond tests are used Irt
learning the strength of welds,
also In improving cutting tools.
The hair spring ol a watch can
be touched with the diamond to
give a reading ol hardness not
otherwise possible.
Minimum Wage Increase Opposed by Lumber Industry
WASHINGTON, Feb. 7,
The lumber Industry told Con
gress yesterday business and
prices are on the way down and
It can't stand a "dangerous pro
gram" to boost the national mini
mum wage.
Spokesmen lor whole sections
of the Industry said an Increase
will force thousands of mills to
shut down or go bankrupt, lay
ofl workers, and cut lumber pro
duction. They testified to the House La
bor Committee.
Before the committee is a bill
to hoist the minimum pay rate
In interstate businesses from 40
to 75 cents an hour, with arrange
ments for pushing it on up to
$1 In some cases.
This was described as a "dan
gerous program" by Walter W.
Kellogg of Monroe, La. He spoke
for the National Lumber Manu
facturers Association and particu
larly for the southern hardwood
producers.
Kellogg said the "escalator pro
vision" for moving up to $1
should be abandoned. If It Is
kept, he said, there should be a
system for reducing the mini
mum wage as well as raising It.
Blizzard Blankets
Almost All Oregon -
(Continued from Page One)
from visiting his parents at Pros
pect. Injured in the bus mishap were
Miss Dorothy Hyatt, 44, Redding,
Calif., and Mrs. Florence Wil
liams, 65, Barnesvllle, Minn.
State police said the Greyhound
bus overturned on Highway 99
two miles north of Leona while
passing a southbound truck. The
bus ran off the road onto the
soft shpulder and then flipped
onto It left side. The driver was
identified as Harold Wlllard Ras
mussen, Eugene. The accident
happened at 9:55 p. m.
The other pasengers continued
southward In a second bus dis
patched from the Eugene term
inal. Plows Kopt Busy
Mountain passes were hit early.
The Santlam Highway was closed
early yesterday hy a slide at the
summit. Plows kept one-way traf
fic moving at Government Camp
on Mount Hood, but Tlmberllne
Lodge guests were marooned by
the 20 inches of snow that had
fallen there by mid-day. Traffic
over the Willamette Highway
was discouraged.
The all day long snow gave the
Klsmath basin and the Lnkevlew
areas their heaviest snow of re
cent years. The Lakevlew-Klam-nth
Falls road and the Green
Springs road to the Rogu Val
ley were closed by lale yester
day afternoon. By nightfall, high
way crews were flagging down
all motorists and turning them
back from routes leading Into the
basin.
Southern Pacific trackmen la
bored to keep the line open be
tween Klamath Falls and OaK
rldge. And in eastern Oregon,
Union Pacific trains were subject
to stop orders at nearest term
inals. Plows Bog Down
The storm was giving way to
light snow or sunshine in most of
Oregon today, but the state still
struggled with the snowbanks
that piled up over the weekend.
'The road conditions in South
ern Oregon are the most rugged
since 1919," said J. G. Bromley,
State Highway Commission resi
dent engineer at Grants Pass.
Two big snowplows bogged
down on the Pacific Highway 40
miles north of Grants Pass.
Northbound buses were being
stopped at Medfnrd, and flagmen
were warning motorists at Grants
Pass.
Buses were rolling over the Wil
lamette Highway and the key U.
S. 97 Highway. The latter reop.
At State Legislature
(Continued from Page One)
erty tax for state purposes next
year. The opponents also claim
they have a majority ot the com
mittee on their side.
Some committee members de
scribed the situation as "hope
less," as they fear the session
might be even longer than the
record 84-day session of 1947.
Major Imuoi He'd Up
The- Joint Ways and Means
Committee, which has the tough
task ol making all appropriations,
hasn't done anything yet. It can't
until the tax committee gets Its
bills finished. 'You can't spend
money until you know how much
is going to come in.
Besides the tax bills, power,
education and highways are shap
ing up as the biggest issues. But
nothing has been done about
them yet.
The power dispute is a three
play affair. The three bills would
forbid building a power dam on
the Deschutes River, let the Gov
ernor allocate power in emergen
cies, and ask Congress to create
a Columbia Valley Authority.
The biggest education problem
Is whether to Increase state aid
for schools from $17,000,000 a
year to S32.0O0.00O.
An expanded highway program
Is the main highway Issue. The
Legislature probably will approve
the 1-cent a gallon Increase In
the gas tax, but there Is much ar-
fulng over whether to double the
5 auto license fee.
Big Navy Transport Plane
Completes Round Trip
SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 7. (IP)
The Constitution, giant Navy
transport plane, completed its In
augural transcontinental round
round trip early today, arriving
at nearby Moffett Field from
Washington.
Because of strong headwinds
the time ol the return flight to
the West Coast was almost double
that ol the eastward lllght Thurs
day. It took 18 hours and eight min
utes to return, including an hour-and-a-hall
stop at Olathe, Kan.
The plane refueled there.
Young & Co. Branch Bank
At Sutherlin Opens
(Continued from Page One)
T. B. Garrison and E. G. Young.
In addition to the parent bank
at Oakland, an Interest In the
Douglas County Stale Bank at
Roseburg, and the new branch
ooenlne at Sutherlin today, mem
bers of E. G. Young and Co. have
wide business and property inter
ests, are closely Identified with
varied agricultural and Industrial
activities.
Additional details and pictures
on page 3.
ened at 11 last night, when the
storm eased off.
Wet snow broke telephone
lines between Portland and Tillamook.
Income Tax
Returns lor business and Indi
viduals prepared. Get your
maximum refund under the
1948 law. Fast, efficient, eco
nomical service. Investigate
today don't delay. Phone
12S0-J lor lull Information and
cost.
Evenings by Appointment.
Economical Tax Service
147 Sheridan
CO'
Drainage
Our eonerata pip plont is in full production
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Sizes of pipe A", 6" and 8"
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"City t ferttantf "rtrttmud "
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8:30a.m.
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Mindszer-ry Awaiting
Sentence in Hungary
(Continued Irom Page One)
prayers lor the "persecuted, tor
tured, victimized" primate.
Msgr. Fulton J. Sheen, profes
sor of philosophy at the Catholic
University of America, said In a
"Catholic Hour" radio broadcast
"A new crime has arisen in the
world the crime of believing in
God."
"If the new crime be to believe
In God," he said, "let us all be
criminals. If the new treason be
to betray Red Nazism, let us all
be traitors."
The Methodist chaplain of the
United States Senate the Rev.
Dr. Frederick Brown Harris
said In a sermon In Washington
"All Christendom Is on trial. . . .
The battle is drawn between
Christ and anti-Christ."
The Rev. Daniel A. Poling,
president of the World Christian
Endeavor Union, said In Boston
the trial is a "rape of justice."
Plains Area, Northwest
Lashed by New Storm
(Continued from Page One)
sourl, Idaho and Oregon were at
tributed to the weather. Kenneth
Bright, 23. of Twin Falls, Ida,
died of exhaustion and exposure
after he and two companions
hiked miles to a farm house from
their auto, stalled 'n a snow drift.
His companion's condition, was
critical. Russell A. Slevens, 25,
Montpelller, Ida., died of carbon
monoxide fumes while attach
ing chains to his tires at Dlamond-
vllle, Wyo. An Oregon motorist
also died of monoxide fumes after
his car stalled in snow near Crat
er Lake.
At Albuquerque, N.M., J. Faw
cett of Boston, general manager
of the National Wool Marketing
Association, said (he storms In
that area had cut 37,000,000
pounds off the nation's estimated
1949 wool clip.
MEETING POSTPONED
Meeting of the Douglas Coun
ty Realty Board scheduled to
night at the Umpqua Hotel has
been postponed until further no
tice. The two principal speakers,
Reld Ireland, president, and Tay
lor Treeze secretary of the Ore
gon State Real Estate Brokers
Association, notified the local or
ganization they could not come
here from Portland because of
snow-blccked highways.
Snowfall in. Roseburg
Crowds All-Time Mark
(Continued from Page One)
east of here, and 86 Inches at Dia
mond Lake.
The weather forecast was for
intermittent snow flurries today,
clearing this afternoon, and most
ly cloudy tonight and tomorrow.
The weather Bureau reported
that 6.8 inches of snow had fal
len In Roseburg up to 9:15 this
morning. This record is exceeded
only by that ol Dec. 29. 1898,
when 7.5 inches of snow fell here.
Other record snowfalls, since
establishment of the Weather Bu
reau office in Roseburg in 1885,
included: 1893, 51 inches; 1902, 5
inches; 1898, 4.8 inches; 1939, 2.7
Inches.
CLASS CANCELED
An extension class in the Nat
ural History of Oregon, sched
uled tonight at Junior High
School, has been canceled be
cause the Instructor, Dr. Ruth
Hobson ol Eugene, is unable to
come here due to highway con
ditions, said superintendent ol
schools Paul S. Elliott.
Reorganization Plan Of
Government Offered
(Continued from Page One)
Board and Securities and Ex
change Commission which many
congressmen have proposed put
ting out ol the President's reor
ganization reach.
The report was the first chap
ter of a massive blueprint for fed
eral reform which Hoover has
said could save the taxpayers
"billions" to he handed Congress
in 15 installments before March
31.
The job Congress gave the com
mission was to seek ways of cut
ting expenses, preventing over
lapping, dropping unnecessary of
fices, consolidating those doing
the same work, and clearly outlln
Ing the activities of the agencies
which remained.
The commission found that "the
United States is paying heavily
for a lack of order, a lack of clear
lines of authority and responsibil
ity, and a lack of effective organi
zation," and it said that "to rem
edy this situation is the first and
essential step in the search for
efficiency and economy."
Add a little garlic salt to the
flour in which chicken for frying
is to be rolled for a new and
piquant flavor. Paprika also may
be added.
Plywood
ond
Wollboordi
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you want fewer product
s increase taxes
lip Sk
fc ' HI 1 1 Mil . MMIIIiHIMI! i,i m
ic-ir--)rin-fl
1. Ivory time, a new person is added to the pop
ulation of the United States it takes $110 worth
of refining equipment, distribution facilities,
oil wells, etc, to supply him with the petroleum
products he needs. It's up to the oil companies
in this country to see that those additional facil
ities are provided.
Statist! based on period 1M1-1947.
2. On lop of this, tha amount of petroleum
products that the average American needs has
been increasing each year. Between 1940 and
1948 the annual per capita consumption in
the U. S. increased 39. So it's up to the oil
companies to see that additional facilities are
provided for this increased consumption as well.
3. In the five western states served by Union
Oil Company the population has increased about
40 since 1940. In order to supply our share of
the requirements of these new people plus
the increased requirements of our old custom
ersUnion Oil had to spend $192,000,000 on
new facilities, modernization of old facilitier
and replacements between 1940 and 1948.
, t I L1 , ' rief-
4. Approximately 156 million dollars of this
money came out of earnings of the company and
from funds that had been set aside for replace
ment of facilities (deprecation). But the rest
had to be secured through outside financing
either by borrowing or by the sale of preferred
stock.
5. In other words, when all our costs of doing
business were met, our employees paid and our
stockholders given a reasonable dividend, there
wasn't enough cash left over in spite of our
so-called high profits of the last two or three
years to finance the facilities that had to be
added. We had to go outside the company to get
the money-a process you can't continue forever.
6. Tho moral of all this is that at today's high
costs you have to have high profits if the in
cr asing requirements of the American people
are to be met For most of those high profits go
right back into increased facilities. Any at
tempt to "redistribute the wealth" by further
taxing those profits will only end in fewer facil
ities, less products, higher prices and shortages.
HiRh, that is, by accepted accounting practices and
today's tax procedures.
OF CALIFORNIA
INCOtPOIATIQ IN CAllrOINIA. OCfOllt IT, ItfO
Th is series, sponsored by the people of Union Oil Company, is
dedicated to a discussion of how and uhy American business
functions. We hope you'll feel free to send in any suggestions
or criticisms you have tooffer. Write: The President, Union Oil
Company, Union Oil Building, lot Angeles U, California