NEWS-REVIEW. ROSEBURG, OREGON. WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 25, 1948
THIRTEEN
Lie Detectors Work Fairly Well,
But People Can Lie to Them
By ARTHUR EDSON
WASHINGTON-.P-How would you like to .ubmlt to a He de
lector" I've been asking that question around the office ever since the
House Un-American Activities Committee brought the whole thing
The Committeemen, vou will
recall, suggested that Alger Hiss
and Whltlaker Chambers, who
had told conflicting stories,
might like to tell them over again.
And this time a plygraph, or He
detecting machine, would be eave-dropplng.
suipTy' ofTuth Xacked'aS a .!7?
SteTrtTheS uaTrepfy hnay.W.!eene,hhere " " ' Pi
noMhanirrdo"Plybeli"ebl!,d!Ca Z,!.!"
ments Into a hopper, and the
machine sorts them and hands
them back stamped, "true",
"partly true" or "who do yoU
think you're kidding?"
Actually, it's merely a device
to measure how a nerson i
office as anvwhpr. :L. ' . . "nrn 1" 11 '"n8'
are easy for the expert to spot
But even the experts . don't
claim It never misses.
Writes Paul V. rrovillo In the
"Journal of Criminal Law and
Criminology:"
"Lie detectors are not Infallible
--neither is the operator nor the
investigators should expect too
much of the Instrument.
And John E. Reid, writing In
the same publication, says that
one-fifth of all tests made pro
duce results too inconclusive for
an examiner .to make a report.
Reid, the sly fellow, set- out
deliberately to fool the machine,
by faking his emotional resimnses,
acting excited when he wasn't,
he did it, too. Said the machine's
graphs; "he looks guilty."
But don't be too alarmed. The
police use It as much to weed
out the Innocent as to put the
finger on the guilty. And in some
cases, of course, the results have
been phenomenal.
Drawbacks Listed
Trovillo, by the way, points out
some drawbacks to the detectors.
They won't work too well on
chronic criminals whose emotions
have become calloused. .
Nor on drunks. Nor on people
who are insane.
And If you really want to hide
your emotions, take this tip from
Trovillo:
Eat heartily.
It seems the machine doesn't
work worth a whoop on anyone
who is excessively fat.
care for any.
The little lady who shares the
office phone with me even said:
"Good heavens, I've always
considered that an Infernal
machine. You Know, first they
strap you In that and then in
the electric chair."
; In an effort to find out the
truth about the truth finder, I
borrowed a brief case and a
rtudious a!r from a friend I know
y who once read a book.
Disguised as a scholar, I had
no trouble at all sneaking Into
the Library of Congress.
Well, It turns out the lie de
tector is a pretty interesting gad
get at that.
Misses Sometimes.
The popular conceptio seems
to be that it work like this: the
witness tosses a bunch of state-
Loans on Homes
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Communism Bars
Peace, Assembly
Of Churches Told
AMSTERDAM, The Nether
lands, Aug. 24 !P) John Foster
Dulles declared today that Com
munist policies make "it impos
sible to create at once a uni
versal organization of peace
through law."
Nevertheless, the Communist
firoblem cannot be solved by try
ng to crush Communism by
force. Dulles said in an address
to the Assembly of the World
Council of Churches. In any
analysis of the world situation,
he said, "Christian responsibility
emerges as an Inescapable fact.
Dulles, foreign policy adviser
to Gov. Thomas E. Dewey, the
Republican presidential nominee,
said, "The Soviet regime Is not
a regime of peace and, indeed,
it does not purport to be." He
added:
"It may not, and I hope that
it does not, want International
war. But If so, thai Is a matter
of expediency, not of principle.
Violence and coercion are the ac
cepted methods, class war being,
however, usually preferred to na
tional war.
"It is inevitable that orthodox
Communism should reject peace
ful ways, except as a matter of
temporary expediency, because it
rejects the moral premises that
alone make possible the perma
nent organization of peace."
Moral Law Foremost
Peace, Dulles declared, can
never be stabilized "except by
institutions that seek to reflect
the moral law and that respect
the dignity of the individual.
'There always have been, there
always will be human spirits that
will rebel against totalitarian dic
tatorship and that fact, In turn
requires such dictatorships to be
violent and coercive."
Dulles long and widely known
as a distinguished lay leader in
the church told Christian
Church leaders from 40 countries
that this Is a time for the
churches to expose the evil of
war and its futility.
In another phase of the Coun
cil's work, women attending the
assembly have demanded a
greater voice In administrative
affairs of the church.
A Czech theologian told the
Council It Is witnessing the end
of western supremacy In world
leadership.
He said the West has been
driven by anxiety over Soviet-led
social transformations to the
point of misunderstanding what
is going on.
"Even the enormous wealth
and the atomic power of the
American nation must not de
ceive us," the speaker said In a
strongly worded address.
The speaker was Joseph L.
Hromadka of the Evangelical
Church of Czech Brethren, a pro
fessor of theology on the John
hus faculty in i'rague.,
TOLL BRIDGES PAY OFF
FRANKFORT, Ky. tPV Only
one ton Driage twin or purchased
by Kentucky in the past 17 years
still charges tolls. The lone state
owned toll charging bridge is the
"Central Bridge" over the Ohio
River between Newport, Ky, and
Cincinnati, Ohio. Kentucky ac
quired it within the past year by
means of a $1,000,000 bond Is
sue.
The State Highway Depart
ment reported $17,280,600 In rev
enue bonds to finance the Intra
state program all have been paid
off by toll collections. The last
span lying wholly within the
state became toll free July 31
at Rock port. There are 80 priv
ately owned toll bridges In the
state.
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Year's Program Planned
By Fullerton P.-T. A.
Executive committee of the
Fullerton P.-T.A. met at the home
of Mrs. J. M. Boyles Monday to
filan tne program tor tne com
ng year. Questionnaires distrib
uted among members last spring
were analyzed and It was decided
to continue tne rVl.A.s night
meetings.
A pre school rummage sale w ill
be sponsored by the Fullerton
P.-T.A. Saturday, Aug. 28. In the
Fnisconal Parish House. Persons
who desire to contribute used
clothing to the sale may call
1163 V or 1303, it was announced.
Efforts Continue
To End Strike At
Atomic Project
LOS ALAMOS, N. M.. Aug. 24
. Efforts to get 3.500 work
ers back to their jobs at this
atomic weapons project were
stepped up today as the walkout
entered Its seventh day.
Three meetings were scheduled
for this morning.
Members of the AFL building
trades unions, idle since Wednes
day, were to hold another mas
meeting at nearby Espanola.
They indicated last night they
still had not received a satisfac
tory answer to their complaint
that one contractor Brown &
Root, Inc., Houston, Tex. has
brought in non-union labor and
refused to bargain with the un
ions. After the two separate meet
ings, a general conference has
been scheduled for all groups in
volved, presumably all major
contractors, the Atomic Energy
Commission, the unions and the
absentee workers, who have been
represented at several confer
ences by a specially named com
mittee. Expected to be present at least
at the general meeting is Frank
Ashe of San Francisco, repre
sentative of the U. S. Mediation
and Conciliation Service. He sat
in on two conferences yesterday
between the contractors, unions'
representatives and members of
the workers' special committee.
He reported "definite prog
ress" but declined to give re
porters any details. A contractor
who attended the same sessions,
however, expressed the opinion
utile naa Deen accomplished.
Wallace Scores
Status of Negro
CINCINNATI, Aug. 25 .Pv
Henry A. Wallace said yesterday
"Jim Crow' is the offspring of
protitmad tycoons wedded to the
proposition of divide and rule."
"Jim Crow keeps profits high
and wagea low," he declared in
a speech to the National Conven
tion of Negro Elks.
"What a comment It is upon
the status quo," he said, "when
the spokesmen for 15,000,000
Americans had to come to the
United Nations to charge that
their homeland, the land of Lin
coln and Roosevelt, denied them
an abundant life, a peaceful life,
a free and equal life.
"But this charge was very
wisely not directed against the
people of the United States, for
the people are also victims of
the pattern of denial. Jim Crow
is not the natural flower of
American soil."
The Progressive Party nominee
for president continued In the
speech his attacks on President
Truman and Gov. Thomas E.
Dewey.
The Crown still owns more
than 90 percent of Canada's for
est areas.
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Thirteen From Oregon
To Attend VFW Meet
PORTLAND, Aug. 25 (.T"
Thirteen members of the Oregon
Department of the Ve'erans of
Foreign Wars plan to leave thli
week for the national encamp
ment at St. Louis.
They include: S.ate Command
er Ben Burns, Astoria: O. E. Pri
mer, Grants Pass; Ed Daily, Leb
anon, and James W. Beal, Salem.
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