TWO
ROSEBURG NEWS-REVIEW, ROSEBURG, OREGON, TUESDAY, JULY 30, 1946
Exctt Shu day br Ilia
NUW8-BK VIEW tO Mr AWT, IMU.
Catered ai second cUm matter M
XT, 1920, f tha postofflce at Roseburf
uregon. under act ox marco a, itra.
UDAKLE8 V. STANTON ED1TOS
KD WIN j,. KWAyy HANAUKB
Member of the Anociaied Preu, Ore
ton Newspaper Publishers AuoclaUon,
He auqu uurea.ii oi uircuuucou.
Represented bjr WEST-HOLLIDAY CO.,
INC., oxllcea In New York, Chicago, San
francisco, Loe AngeiM, Seattle, Port-
lanq. ML Mm-
abtorlauea Kate
in
Out of
B7 Hall
Per Year
Oregon
2 73
Bute
43.00
3.00
Three Uonths
1.60
1,70
7.50
.03
Par year, by city carrier.
Per month, by city carrier.
The Weather
V. 8. Weather Bureau Office
Roseburg, Oregon
Forecast for HoieUurg and vi
cinity: Cloudy tonight; partly
cloudy Wednesday,
Highest temp, for any July 109
t-owest temp, for any July 40
Highest temp, yesterday 75
Lowest temp, last night 58
Precipitation from July' 1 .04
Deficit from July 1, 1946 ...... .28
Exoess from Sept. 1, 1945 4.96
Girls Scheduled
For Softball Tilt
! The Itoseburg Girls Softball
tram will make a mid-summer
debut at the local diamond Thurs
day when they meet the highly
touted South Douglas County Trl-
City women's nine, coached by
Kenny Laurence. The Kame will
be played under the- lights at 8
crciocK at unlay f ield.
Discontinued earlier in the
slimmer for lack of inner-team
enthusiasm, manager Edna Pope
and li. w. uray said today new
interest has arisen and practices
will begin tonight. Regular
weekly games are to be sched
uled for the local girls as well as
out-of-town games 11 the interest
holds up. ,
" The Trl-City club to anpear
here Thursday is one oi two all
girl teams from Riddle, Myrtle
Creek, and Canyonville and are
the current leaders In the duo
circuit. Laurence, pitcher for the
local men's Monarchs, has been
Suiting these girls through prac
ce paces most of the summer
and reports them a fairly strong
club.
The local girls' club will be
Jtianagcd and coached by Edna
Pope, local woman athlete, and
jSractice sessions for all women
Interested will be held at Kinlay
!ciu eacn wcnnsciay and Thurs
day evening at 6:30.
Ooubleheader In
Softball Slated
i. City Softball League standings:
W. L. Pet.
Monarchs 5 0 1.000
fclks 3 2 .6S
Jlidiibow Grill 3 3 .500
Suthcrlin 2 3 .400
Veterans 0 4 .000
, Two of the scrappiest clubs In
the City Softball League, the
Elks and Pastime Tavern of Suth
er'ln, vie In the opener tonight
at 7:30 at the local diamond. The
second contest of the double
header will boo the newly revised
Veterans Facility nine lace the
unncieaica Monarcns.
i. The Pastimcrs held second
filacc In (he league throughout
he first half summer series,
P hlle their opponents for tonight,
'the Elks, hold the present tour
Jney's second deck spot. In pre
vious showltifs these two clubs
have proved themselves the real
tiatinnal pastime reorcsentntivos
oi me city league, much to the
tnjoyment of the fans, with their
various sideline Brooklyn ballv-
Joos and pro and cons toward the
oinciais.
1 The collarized Veterans' only
fhance at real recognition will
tome up In the second fracas of
the. evening as they cross bats
Vlth the league-leading Monarchs,
tvho have thus far come throuch
every league contest this summer
victorious.
t Softball Manager Jerry Hug
gins announced today that the
park's concession stand has added
fizzling hotdogs to its commis
sary list for the fans' enjoyment
and comfort on chilly evenings.
; City league games remaining:
v Friday, Aug. 2, Monarchs vs.
Jialnhow; Vets vs. Sutherlln.
; Tuesday, August 6, Elks vs.
yets; Monarchs vs. Suthcrlin.
'. Friday, Aug. 9, Vets vs. Haln
Jow; Elks vs. Monarchs.
Chisox Nose Out
Yankees in 12th
J; (By the Associated Press)
In the American I-eague,
the
ew xorK lankres toll U games
back of Hie Idle Boston Red Sox
y losing In 12 inlngs to the Chi
icago White Sox, 4-3.
,- Caldwell, veteran rescue artist,
jtvon his own game when ho
singled home Kennedy from sec
Jmd base In the third extra in
niiig: The Yanks tied the count at
the expense of Grove in the 8th.
flbllshed Dill;
Caldwell entered the game In the
Siinth.
J The Washington Senators trim
.incd the Cleveland Indians in a
Alouble header, taking the opener
"2-1 in ten innings and the night
Jean 8-4.
Detroit's third place Tigers
climbed to within two games of
Jthe Yanks as Hutchinson scat
tered seven hits In beating the
Philadelphia Athletics, 4-1.
J The Pittsburgh Pirates. Phla
.delphia Phillies and the St. Louis
Browns, along with the Red Sox,
(were not scheduled.
In the National League, Brook-.
lyn defeated Cincinnati.' t-3; Bos
ton downed St. Louis,, 3-1, and the
HINTING AT SCANDAL
By CHARLES V. STANTON
' Congressman Harris Ellsworth is reported from Washing
ton as predicting the baring qf war scandals, which, in com
parison with previous national
relative bearing as a firecracker to an atomic bomb.
urapevine rumors irom
months hinted at war scandals
when given public airing.
been bared previously, it is said, is due to efforts of the
Nudeal majority in Congress to protect some party leaders.
There is, of course, the possibility that the "whispering
campaign" is a political move by the Republicans to dis
credit the Nudeal and thus gain congressional control. But
the insistence of rumor, the "exposures" by news and radio
commentators, and the current investigations by the Senate
War Investigating Committee, would seem to lend credence
to the theory that something big is brewing in the national
capital.
We have seen how politics can prevent the public from
learning the true state of affairs, as we recall how an inves
tigation of Pearl Harbor was
public still is not satisfied with any of the several reports
submitted.
Politics have sunk to a low
protect criminals, profiteers and extortionists in high places,
simply because of their worth to the party. That is what
comes from the American public's willingness to elect rub
ber stamps, stooges, and representatives of special interests
to places in government.
County Sanitarian Plan Must Wait
Unless the county court can find some method of provid
ing for salary and expenses of a county sanitary engineer,
it appears that inauguration of this much needed service!
must be postponed for at least another year. Attorney Gen
eral George Nouner has ruled that the county court does not
have authority to include in the budget an item rejected by
the budget committee.
Failure of the plan exposes one of the many weaknesses
of Oregon's budget law, which requires the appointment of
a committee of persons, usually completely ignorant of the
detailed affairs of the corporate body for which a tentative
financial budget is to be prepared.
In this particular case a largo share of responsibility for
failure pf the project must rest with the sponsors. It is
obvious the members of the budget committee were not fully
infonnod. The budget committee, on the other hand, appar
ently did not take the trouble to conduct any extensive in
vestigation, as evidenced by the lack of detailed knowledge
displayed by one of the committee members at the recent
public, hearing.
(Need, for ) sanitarian is plainly evident by anyone who
Will take even a few hours for study and investigation. Many
of our restaurants and taverns arc in an exceedingly un
sanitary condition. Our various communities are expanding
at a very rapid rate with no provision for sewage disposal
and no safeguards to public health. If we escape epidemics
of typhoid, infantile paralysis, dysentery and other diseases
emanating from unsanitary conditions, we will be extremely
fortunate.
It is quite possible that the county court, if it has a mind
to do so, may find a way of declaring an emergency, author
izing enlargement of the health department by employing
an "assistant" to the health officer the assistant, in fact,
to serve as a sanitarian or some other method of meeting
the situation.
We hope it will npt be necessary to wait for another year,
but, if the county court does not take a progressive and ag
gressive attitude on the proposition, we should see that
strong presentation is made to next year's budget committee
Chicago Cubs nosed out the New
York Giants, 5-4, in 1 1 Inlngs.
Directory Makes
Appearance Here
The Rosrhurg-Douglas County
directory of 19 16 made its appear
ance in Rosohui g Saturday and Is
being distributed throughout the
county to subscribers this week.
Published by F. VV. Salisbury of
Eugene, Oregon, the new direct
ory contains actually five direct
ories In one, each of which Is
tubbed In a detailed index to In
clude an alphabetical list of busi
ness concerns and private citizens
of Roscburg and adjacent rural
routes, an alphabetically ar
ranged list of Douglas County
residents and business firms with
post office addresses, a Roseburg
street and house guide, a numeri
cal telephone list, and a Douglas
County classified buyers' and sel
lers' guide.
The first directory of its kind
in this area since W.H8. the 218
pago, cloth-hound book also con
tains miscellaneous data such as
mileage information on the west
coast from Roseburg, Douglas
County's incorporated towns and
post offices, and four mices nf
data and facts about Douglas
County Itself.
Baseball Standings
I (By the Associated Press)
National
Brooklyn 58 3ti .(il7
St. Louis 55 38 .591
Chicago 51 42 .518
Cincinnati 45 47 .489
Boston 41 49 .473
New York 42 53 .412
Philadelphia 39 51 .433
Pittsburgh 37 53 .402
Amerloan
Boston fift 28 .711
New York 57 39 .591
Detroit 51 40 .574
Washington 50 51 .52K
Cleveland 46 51 .474
St. Louis , 40 54 .526
Chicago ...::....L:...::...3S ?7 .400
Philadelphia 7 67 s7
scandals, would have the same
Washington have lor many
which would shock the nation
The reason that they have not
blocked time and again. The
level, indeed, when used to
LETTERS
io the Ediior
Says United States
Should Quit China
Read "In the Day's News" with
regularity, and for the most part
I like it.
Just want to say that I agree
100 per cent with Mine. Sun Yat
Sen that we should get out of
China. That is their house and
we are Intruding.
When my husband and I get
Into a family quarrel, Brother!
Just let an outsider start choos
ing sides -He'll get everything
thrown at him including the
kitchen sink.
You know, I can't help won
dering why these United States
should train a million men for
China, unless it is to help whip
the Russians in that great wa,- of
the future and so much talked
about even now. Personally, it's
beginning to smell. I don't 'thins
the Russians want war any more
than I do, and I hate war.
There is one war that could be
fought with my approval our
by the common peace-loving peo
ple the world over to rid thorn
selves of the termites who make
war.
MRS. EDITH KEEN.
West Fir, Cue.
Slight Mistake
DENVER. July 30. t.Tl
Deputy Slate Treasurer Jacob
Wlllson picked up an envelope in
today's mail addrrssod to ''The
Treasurer of the State of Colo
rado, Hartford, Conn." It had
been forwarded carefully by
Hartford.
Wlllson silt the envelope and
out dropped n I1. S. government
check for $100,000 made out to
the state of Connecticut. Wlllson
Is returning the chock in an
other emeleye- to Hartford.
His Regime Will
Improve Georgia,
Talmadge Asserts
MONROE, Ga., July 30.- UP)
Governor-nominate Eugene Tal
madge expressed belief todav
that there will be a minimum of
such "atrocities" as the lynch
ing of four Negroes here last
Thursday during his four-year
lerm turning in January.
The Democratic nominee to
succeed Gov. Ellis Arnall issued a
formel statement from nis At
lanta law office upon his return
from a vacation trip in the west.
"During my three terms as
governor of Georgia, there was
not a lynching in the state," Tal
madge said. "I am very sorry
that a lynching did occur under
the present governor's adminis
tration and 1 sympathize with
him and know that it did cause
him chagrin and embarrassment.
"While I am governor, I know
that such atrocities will be at a
minimum. It is very regrettable
that mob violence occurs in unv
sectlon of the country."
laimaage aaued tnat thero was
"Kreat deal of mob violence In
Detroit, unieago and other sec
tions of the country during the
past few years" and commented:
"The people of Georgia always
sympathized with other sections
when such occurrences happened.
. . . The better thinking people
v m-ingici lyni-w lliui 11 was not
a reflection on the state ... but
only on the individuals who com
mitted the crime."
State police reported they had
run into a "stonp wall" in track
ing down every lead in the in
vestigation of the multiple Negro
lynching near here.
Neighbors Won't Talk
"We have talked to a lot of
people and gotten nowhere," said
MaJ. William E. Spcnce, head of
the state police. "We think we
know who some of the members
of the mob are, but we can't
prove it."
Spcnce said that the "good peo
ple in Walton county wouldn't
talk about the massacre even
though some of them "know wio
members of the gang are."
The state of Georgia, through
Gov. Arnall, has offered $10,000
reward for information leading to
the conviction of the 20 odd
mobsters who shot down four
Negroes near here Thursday.
Livestock Tour
To Be Attended by
Douglas 4-H'ers
Twenty Douglas County 4-H
Club members anil Kenneth Min
nies, county ctun agent, will at
om! the central Willamette Val
ley livestock . ton within Oregon
State College August 5, 6, and 7
The three-day tour will bo held
for 4-H members from Lane,
Linn, Benton, Linclon. Marion,
Polk and Douglas counties.
Starting out at 9:30 A. M., Aug
ust 5, club members will visit
the OSC dairy barn, look over
the Ladino clover irrigated pas
tures and be shown how to fit
and show dairy cattle. In the
afternoon the boys will be given
nstruction on fitting and show
ing beef, sheep and hogs followed
by a class on selection of breed
ing and feeder beef, sheep and
u!iTh KA spoli'' riuUo P'-OR'-am
w in boys on the tour taking part
will be broadcast over KOAC
from 7:00 to 7:30 P. M. The sec
ond day of the tour will i
weed control experiments, a visit
u ne concgc cast farm where
various farm crons win hi hi.
cussed. A trip to the OSC hill
pastures is scheduled to show
dub members various grasses
used for hill pasture and results
of seeding under various soil con
flit ons. Also included is a crops
Judging and identification can.
lest. Poultry management will
bo discussed by N()cl Bonnion,
extension poultryman.
The second day's program will
close m h a class on insect pest
iZ In' .MinK iwa of ,.
tiolling flies, warbles and lice.
I he final day will start off with
a visit to the Graliger Experi
mental farm where various
grasses, legumes, cereal crops
and hay crops will he shown club
members. A judging trip to the
farm of Tommy Hughson will
follow the Grange Farm inspec
tion. In the afternoon all the
boys will visit the Lilly Seed
Pant in Albany. The final visit
of the tour will be to the Plv
wood plant nt Albany, followed
by a sw im. The tour will be over
by 4:00 P. M. Club members will
,mp a!AIory 1al k t'orv.illis
and will he served all meals
there. Approximately 125 from
flie seven counties will attend.
The tour will be In charge of
Cal G. Monroe and L. J. Allen
assistant state club leaders.
Lamb Shipments From
Yoncalla Are Reported
YONCALLA More than 2,400
lambs have been shipped from
Yoncalla during the past two
weeks by Dec Wilson, lamb buver
for Armour and Company, he
reported today.
jjinib shipping is now at Its
height, but, due to warm weather,
feed is getting scarce. At the Yon
calla Fci'd Store, Fred Booth,
proprietor, reports no feed is
available now, except rabbit pel
lets. Local grain is expected to be
available soon, however, now that
harvesting has started.
RHEUMATISM
and ARTHRITIS
t suffered for years and am so
thankful that I found relief f,-nm
this terrible affltcalion that 1 will
gladly answer anyone writing me
for Information. Mrs. Anna Pant,
P. O. Box S2n, Vancouver, Wash.
i Pd Adv. NUE-OVO Laboratories
rn n o no
Representative Harris Ellsworth makps n.Eomnri mmof onnao
ance on American Forum of the
snouia we evaluate tne 7Wth Congress?" is the question to be dis
cussed by the panel. Representatives Andrew J. Blemllle, Harry K.
Shcppard and Karl E. Mundt Join in the discussion.
V
Jobs, Inc., at 7:30 tonight with Mstinfls of Jobs wanted
and help wanted. Last Tuesday, for the first time since the
show went on the air, there were more Jobs wanted appli
cations than help wanted. Remember you may list your
needs any time up to 7:30 ... or, you may call in during
the broadcast.
Last broadcast for Count of Monte rviafn tnniiit nni.,.
is not definite, but rumor has it
take over this spot. It's one of
watch for it.
The 'Falcon, 8:30, ponders the strange enigma of a
woman who swears that she shot and killed a house-breaker
hut who is unable to produce the body.
It's pretty nearly time for Fulton Lewis .tr t,. u,
office and there haven't been
uiu vouiiiuji jinx is worn
KRNR
Mutual Broadcasting System
1490 Kilocycle.
REMAINING BOURS TODAY
4:00 Albert Warner.
4:15 Hex Miller. National Biscuit Co.
4:30 Ervkfne Johnion.
4:4Flit Frolics, Standard Oil of N. J.
5:00 Musical Clock. Modern Furniture.
5:13 Superman, Kelloge's.
3:30 Captain Midnight.
5:45 Tom Mix. Ralston Purina.
6:00 Gabriel Heatter. Forhan's Tooth
paste. 6:15 Musical Interlude.
6:25 State and JLocal Newi, Roseburg
Motor Co.
8:30 American Forum of the Air.
7:15 Music You Remember, Douglas
Supply.
7:30 Jobs, Incorporated. E. G. High.
8:00 Count of Monte Crista,. Mrs.
Wright's Bread.
8:30 The Falcon, American Safety
Razor.
0:00 Alka Seltzer News.
0:15 James Crowley. Wild root.
0:30 Songf el lows Quartette.
0:45 Stan Kenton's Orchestra.
10:00 Albert Warner, Hansen Tires.
10:15 Nocturne.
10:30 Ten -Thirty Club, Lawson's.
11:00 Sign Off.
WEDNESDAY. JULY 31, 1046
6:00 Farm Bulletin Board
6:30 Yawn Patrol.
6:55 Schrickcr Auction.
7:00 Frank Hemingwuy, J. A. Folger
Co.
7:15 Rise and Shine, Sterling Drug
Co.
7:30 State and Local News, Boring
Optical.
7:33 Judd Furniture.
7:40 Rhapsody in Wax.
g22 f?rr-. ,T IljNrt . L. A. Bible Institute.
8:30-Wallv s Wake Up Time, Willy's
G rcjccry.
8:45 Victor H. I.indlahr. Heslthalds.
0:00 Bohby Norris and Singing
Strings.
0:15 Morning Melodies.
0:30 Man About Town, Josse and
Lowell's.
0:45 Shopper's Guide, Harth's and
Schoolboy Genius
Solves Problem
Of Farm Power
AP Newsfeaturcs
SANTA FE, N. M. A little
tired Of talk of shortatres nnrl
priorities, Tom Stcdman, 16,
high school junior, has solved the
essential farm power problem for
his parents' Tcsuoue ranch by.
constructing his own tractor
after school hours.
Stedman, son of Mr. and Mrs.
Wilfred Stedman, started the
tractor along with his work as a
first-year machine shop student
under the supervision of L. H.
Manker. He completed the 500
pound vehicle at a cost of $112.
Collecting most of his parts
from Junk yards, Stcdman used a
14-horsepower Brlggs - Stratton
engine, two model A Ford trans
missions, a model T differential,
616 back tires and dual 16-inch
wheelbarrow wheel front tires.
The tractor runs nine hours on
one gallon of gasoline, has a top
speed of 20 miles per hour in the
highest of its nine forward
speeds, boasts three speeds in re
verse and has a drawbar pull of
approximately three horsepower.
It has pulled, on one occasion,
more than 2200 pounds.
Mob Murders in
Georgia Probed
WASHINGTON, July 30.-.TI
Attorney General Tom Clark
said today that "I hope for an
early solution of the recent shock
ing murders in Monroe, Ga."
He called upon "all our cttlzcns
to repudiate mob rule and to as
sist the authorities to bring these
criminals to Justice." He was re
ferring to the 20-odd men who
lynched two Negro farm hands
and their wives last Thursday.
Clark said that "the lives and
liherties of none of us are safe
when forces of terror operate
outside the laws of God and
man."
He added that "the Federal
Bureau of Investigation has a suf
ficient .force of agents on hand to
provide a fair probe and tho civil
rights section of the Department
of Justice is examining the lecal
and tiuisriictional aspects of the
LOSEE'S
Baby Togs
CI
jnower
Gifts -jfjJ
337 N. Jackson Phone 534-J
Air at 6:30-7.15 tonight. "'How
wuwuu gui.av
that the "Mysterious Traveler" will
the better chill-and-thrill shows: so
any startling developments to date.
out.
Marshall-Wells.
0:35 Musical Interlude.
10:00 Alka Seltzer News.
10:15 Showboat, Theaters
10:30 gueen for a Day, Miles Lab. and
H:02aP ShP- Kompfer's.
?.eke Manners, Sterling Products
11:30 House of Melody, Martin
Stationers.
Easy Liatentn'.
12:00 Musical Interlude.
J2:05 U s. Recap of Sports, U. S. Tire
Store.
12:15 Musical Interlude.
'"atS1' A"oc",ed
S?5 Rhythm at Random.
12:40-Stale and Local Ncwi, Hansen
Motors.
12:45 National News, Douglas County
, State Bank.
12:55 Terminal Market Reports, Slg
'!00mS?u011 BlrMl' Hennlnger's
1:15 The Johnson Family
1:30 Mailorder Melodies,' Montgomery
J ?" Once Over Sightly.
i-irtrS5.n ;Anfno5y Jcr,er Products.
? IT'S, n. AUen ' Orchestra.
i Western Serenade.
?:?tJ!,i!';rf "'. i foreign Wars.
9 Wheel of Fortune.
4:00 Ray Henle.
i 'J Rex Miller. Nabisco.
4:30 Erskine Johnson.
4:45 Let's Dance.
S-lfc!ri1.C1'tf,i.Modrn Furniture.
ii; sUDerman. Kellogg's.
5:30 Captain Midnight.
5:45 Tom Mix.
S P."brlel. Jlcattcr, Barbasol.
6:15 Musical Interlude.
6:25 Stale and Local News, Roseburg
Motor Co.
6:30 Spotlight Bands.
4:?tSSrdfn'"S.Totl"y- prm Bureau.
7.15 Rhythm Round-Up, Loch wood
Motors.
7:30 The Cisco Kid.
S Stn Hn,ir s"u'hcrn Pacific Co.
8:30 Beatrice Kay Show
9:00 Alka Seltzer News
o:inZiHc!1 '""t SfW rine r-
Tthei.!lln. Nhle's Orchestra.
,S JiS fiu,t , '. ,hc Commentators.
lSNoc.Jrn,"' B",!bUr" """
10:l0Welrd Circle, Lawson's
11:00 Sign Off.
case. The probe Is being carried
on in the tradition of the F. B. I.
with dispatch, efficiency and de
termination. The full facilities of
the Department of Justice are be
hind this investigation.
"We hope for an early solu
tion of these shocking murders.
The entire record of our investi
gation will be made available to
the governor of Georgia, if neces
sary for proper action of Georgia
civil authorities." . ,
Later Clark said that President
Truman has asked the Justice De
partment "to proceed with all its
forces" in investigating the slay
ings. "I have talked with the Presi
dent regarding this case and he
has expressed to me his horror
at the crime and his sympathy
for the families of the victims,
Clark said.
A human being's eyelids blink
from three to six times a minute.
ma
Telephone 600
COOPER MOTOR CO.
it --i i -1
OPEN AGAIN!
for Business
George Morin
Behind the 'Bus Station'
OUR PLANT
IS NOW OPEN!
2 Miles North on Highway 99
Eliminate Your Insulation Problems
Build with Pumice Tile Blocks
CHRYSTALITE TILE PLANT
' Selby S. Leep, owner
Roseburg Branch Phone 695-R-2
A Substantial
West Coast Corporation
dealing in Petroleum Products
including Gasoline, Fuel Oils,
Motor Oils, Lubricating Oils,
Greases and Allied Products,
is inviting inquiries
of responsible firms or individuals
interested in serving as distributors
for such products in this area.
All inquiries iistriftly confidential.
Write: Stating background, qual
ifications, present connections and
any other pertinent information,
so that a personal interview may
be arranged.
Address: Oregon Division Manager
P.O. Box 663 Portland 7, Oregon
SINCERE INTEREST OF OUR
CLIENTS ARE OUR FOUNDA
TION ON WHICH WE BUILD
Roseburg Funeral
Home
Oak end Kane Sts.
Roseburg, Oregon
Funerals Ambulance Service
Ji t;
HAMMERING & WELDING
Work Guaranteed
Located In alley, between Bus
Station and Henninqer' Mart
N CHARLES W. HAZZARD
Phone: 491-R
('.' i
L. L. Powers
f 1
Oak and Pine Sts.
Roseburg, Oregon
e 0WnS 0 . "