: .ZW
Secy, of State
Gives Details
To Congress
Lasting Peace Through
Cooperation of Nations
Declared Postwar Goat
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THE'DOUGLASXOUMTY daily
VOL. XLVIII NO. 188 OF ROSEBURG REVIEW
Nazis Assault Samos, Last
Aegean Isle Held by Allies
British Press
Caustic Over
Loss of Leros
German Airfields in
Greece Bombed; Armies
In Italy Bogged Down
LONDON, Nov. 18. (API
The Germans, quickly switching
their attack from Leros, have be
gun an aerial assault on Samos,
last of the Aegean islands in al
lied hands, the Berlin radio an
nounced today.
The broadcast said German
bombers and dive-bombers drop
ped bombs or all calibers on mili
tary targets on Samos, a Greek
island less than 20 miles north
of Leros, which capitulated Tues
day. London newspapers sharply
criticized the loss of Leros, with
the Herald urging a lull official
explanation.
"We shall gain nothing by
glossing it over," said the Herald.
All the editorials were filled
with questions and stressed that
the fall of the island to German
attacking forces, announced yes
terday, constituted a political set
back to the allies in Turkey and
the Balkans.
The News Chronicle put its
criticism into blunt terms. "It is
hard to resist the conclusion," it
said, "that 'somebody has blun
dered'." Needed Turkish Bases.
The Daily Mail declared the
failure "is bound to have an un
lavoraple effect upon neutral and
satellite opinion."
Morley Richards, the Daily Ex
press' military expert, pointed out
that Leros was out of easy reach
of allied aircraft and observed
that it could have pecn saved
only "by use of air bases on the
Turkish mainland these air-
(Continued on page 6.)
In the Day's News
By PRANK JENKINS
T
I IE bulk of the shooting is still
in Russia.
AFTER taking Zhitomir and
cutting the Leningrad-Odessa
railroad that has been so useful
to the Germans, the Russians are
now only 35 miles from the old
Polish border.
BERLIN announces that a red
offensive backed by half a mil
lion troops has broken through
the German defensive lines in
the neighborhood of Krivoi Rog,
where the Russians have been
held up for several weeks.
The trapped Germans In the
Crimea are being systematically
liquidated.
THE dispatches hint at future
developments on the Russian
front, suggesting that the reds
may be planning to "anchor
their line" (using a military
term I at the more or less impass
able Pripet marshes (consult
your map I and then swing to the
southwest, driving the Germans
back toward the Bug river and
Rumania.
i Rumania has oil that is pre
cious to Germany.)
THE German line in Russia ;
1 been already cut in two, with
t..e Pripet marshes in the center.
To shift reinforcements and sup- ,
plies hack and forth, they now
hive to take the long route
AROUND the Prepet swamps to ;
the west. i
AMERICAN medium (two!
engine! bombers based at
Kcei i. in Italy, hit Sofia. Bui- fnr an ,,x.n;i0n of furloueh. but j draftsman emnloved In a Pan
p il ia's capital, smashing loronpo- no answer came and he started ; Win- factory, were married here
:ve repair shops car assembly jrk. I ,,i,v 2L4 ' was '".rinsed Jn;
rot. the main line depot and Five hours after he began the r'rht by Town Clerk Leonard L.
ripping up tracks in the yards. : return journey a telegram came Bailey.
Cnfi i.-no nf thp ,
"
(Continued on page 2)
Turkey Veers Toward War Against
Axis, Word From Ankara; Impending
Action Stems From Moscow Pact
By WILLIAM B. KING I He said two weeks ago that out
ANKARA, Turkey, Nov. 17. right Turkish participation in the
(Delayed) AP) Turkey is! war, qualified though it might
moving toward war with the axis, be, was in the cards.)
Turkey s sub rosa assistance to
allied armed forces, which close
ly approximates that which the
United States gave Britain in the
months before Pearl Harbor, Is
rapidly carrying the nation to
ward a war footing.
Details of the help which al
ready is being given naturally
cannot he disclosed, but this cor
respondent is convinced that
what was only friendly neutrality
a few months ago Is rapidly ap
proaching genuine cooperation.
That this cooperation may grow
into Turkish participation in the
war on an all-out scale is recog
nized by the Turkish govern
ment, which is making its plans
for that eventuality.
(This is the broadest indication
of Turkey's new attitude to come
direct from Ankara through a
censorship which, so far as it con
cerns Turkey's foreign relations,
has been one of the most cautious
and rigid in Europe. King's find
ings are supported by informa
tion supplied by a man in Lon
don with authoritative connec
tions, who cannot be identified.
Salem to be Site
Of Alumina Plant
SALEM, Ore., Nov. IS (AP)
Salem awaited expectantly to
day the "go ahead" signal for
the long-debated $4,000,000 pilot
plant for making alumina from
native Pacific Northwest clays.
Word from Washington, D. C,
indicated that signing of the or
der by Charles E. Wilson, chair
man of the War Production
Board Production committee, re
mained as the only formality be
fore clearing the decks for con
struction. At Seattle, Pat Gallagher,
spokesman for the Columbia Met
als corporation, said the corpora
tion w as prepared to procure the
site, let contracts and start work
promptly after signing of the or
der. "Salem has assured us that it
has adequate manpower and hous
ing immediately available," Gal
lagher said, "and we should he
able to construct the plant and
begin production in 10 to 12
months."
Gallagher said the necessary
transmission lines and sub-station
for Bonneville power will be
ready by the time the plant is
built"
Approval of the project was
viewed as triumph for a united
effort in the Pacific Northwest
states to prevent the plant from
bring established elsewhere.
Clay Cochran, manager of the
Salem chamber of commerce and
vice chairman for Oregon of an
interstate committee, paid tribute
to the congressional delegations
of Oregon, Washington and Idaho
and to civic leaders and groups
in numerous northwest commun
ities for their united action.
Cruel Fate Jests With
Soldier On Furlough
FERGUS FALLS, Minn.. Nov.
IS ( AP) PFC. Lewis Vik of
Hcnning. Minn., looked forward,
.. oniaiot- viniild. to a week's
Vu. loiich home from Fort Bliss.
hnrd ,u,.k strUck
and this is what hapiened:
His train was snowbound five
davs last week at Sanborn, Minn.
When the drifts were cleared
and he resumed his journey his
train collided with another and
there was additional delay.
Then he lost his ticket and had
to buv another.
rnm hnme he wired the camp
eraminK uh- -.mi.-h.-mu,.
' r,:.... eil,i. ,,,1,
Private Vik's remarks are not
quotable.
Not. Before Spring.
Real war may not become Tur
key's lot for several months.
A few weeks ago I was con
vinced that Turkey would not en
ter the war before spring, but
now I am convinced she will he
in the war by spring. I have
reached this conclusion despite
the fact there has been no visible
effort by the government lo pre
pare the public for approaching
particiation in the war. The man
in the street is still convinced
that Turkey will not enter the
war soon.
Actual war likely will not come
until this necessary preparation
has been taken.
The new Turkish position nat
urally stems from the Moscow
conference of foreign secretaries
and subsequent Cairo talks be
tween Anthony Eden, British for
eign secretary, and Menemeneio
glu, Turkish minister of foreign
affairs. The best information on
the subject, however, still is that
Eden made no specific demands
on Turkey.
Ration Points on
Pork are Reduced
WASHINGTON, Nov. IS (AP)
Pork will be two ration points
cheaper per pound over th"
butcher's counter Friday.
Hogs are moving to market in
such heavy numbers that the
War Food administration and
the OPA teamed to make this
possible.
The WFA took the first slop,
guaranteeing o all pork mar
kets the support price of $13.7!"
for good and choice 200 to 270
pound hogs now in effect in Chi
cago only. Starting Nov. 29, the
government-financed support
price at each market other than
Chicago will he SI per 100 pounds
below the OPA's price ceiling at
that market.
Out of this heavy hog market
situation, OPA deduced that pork
consumption should be encour
aged with lower ration require
ments. So Price Administrator
Chester Bowles announced the
point slash, emphasizing though,
that it is temporary, and does
n't mean that the overall meat
situation is anv better.
Klamath Falls May Get
Marine Corps Hospital
SEATTLE, Nov. IS-(AP)
The Klamalh Falls, Oregon area,
where a large naval air station
is lo bo constructed, may also
get a 3000-bed marine corps hos
pital, 1.1th naval district head
quarters said today.
Snokesmen said the hospital,
which would he used for treat
ment of marines recovering from
malaria, would be located three
miles northeast of Klamath Falls.
A survey has been made and
a report submitted to the navv
department at Washington, D.
C
The site is under consideration
because of its high altitude, at
least 5000 feet above sea level.
Snokesmen said malaria patients
respond best at high altitudes.
Marian Anderson Wed
Last July, Disclosure
BETHEL. Conn.. Nov. 1S
( API Marian Anderson, Negro
contralto, and Orpheus Fisher,
i'- '""' "" '
Rev. Jack Grenfell. pastor of the
Bethel Methodist church.
ROSEBURG, OREGON. THURSDAY.
Norway Base
Of Nazis Gets
New Pounding
Blow of U. S. Bombers
Follows RAF Raid on
Berlin, Ludwigshafen
LONPON, Nov. IS f AP)
American Liberator bombers
ranged far over Norway again
today, blasting at Hitler's far
northern war industry only a
few hours after a heavy RAF as
sault on the German chemical
center of Ludwigshafen.
It was the second time In three
days American bombers had
blasted at the section of Ger
man war industry hitherto rela
tively free of aerial poundings.
A Power station of Rjukan.
about SO miles west of Oslo, and
a molybdenum mine at Knaben
were blasted Tuesday.
Today's targets were not iden
tified immediately.
Last night's RAF attack on the
German Rhlneland city was car
ried out along with a raid on
Berlin, hit by Mosquitos for the
third time in seven days, and
other attacks on unnamed tar
gets in western Germany.
. One bomber was lost during
the night's operations, as com
pared with 12 heavy craft lost
by the RAF the last time Lud
wigshafen Was raided,' on Oct.
4.
The world's largest chemical
works, operated by the I. G. Far
ben trust, is situated at Ludwigs
hafen, where high explosives are
made along with submarine
parts, tanks, trucks and dies
engines.
Worse to Come, France Told
Last night's assault on Ger
many kept the two-way aerial of
fensive from Britain and the
Mediterranean going full blast
(Continued on page 6)
Validity Dates for Five
More Meat Stamps Set
WASIIINGGTON, Nov. IS.
(API The OPA today announc
ed the dales five additional sets
of brown stamps in war ration
book 3 will become valid for pur
chases of meats, fats, oils and
dairy products. Stamp Q will be
good December 19, R December
2fi, S January 2, T January 9 and
U January 1G. All expire Janu
ary 29.
Allies Must Retain Advantage Roosevelt;
Dickering With Spain Rapped by Willkie
NEW YORK, Nov. IS -( AP)
President Roosevelt says the
United Nations now hold "the su
preme advantage of the initia
tive" In the war and must never
lose it.
In a message to the New York i
Herald Tritium
forum on cur
rent nroblems last nieht. the
nreshlent recalled that a year ago
he said the turning point of th"
war had been reached.
"The great advances that have
been made during the year since
t''on." he said, "can be measured
by the fact that now the impor
tant events of the war and in
the building for the peace are
being impelled by us of the Unit
ed Nations and not by our ene
mies."
Sneakers at the final session
included Vice President Wallace
ind Wendell L. Willkie. Messag
es were road from Prime Minis
ter Churchill and Foreign Minis
ler Eden of Great Britain and
from General Charles rieGaulle,
oresident of the French Commit
tee of National Liberation.
The president, whose message
vnirl h., t On,lnn Pnirl I
vice president of the Herald T-i l'hp "ali:,n n""l,p nad re!,son ,0
bune and broadcast nationally. I ,ir "infused by our In
said that "In the vears - and per 1 lllty to distinguish between our
hans the centuries of peace
that are to follow this war, the
forces of civilization and common
decency, the overwhelming, ma-
NOVEMBER 1 8. I943
Aerial Blows
Boost Toll
Of Jap Ships
Foe's Power in South
Pacific Fades Rapidly
Under Raids of Bombers
(By the Associated Press)
Sea-roving allied bombers now
are ranging along more than 2,-
000 miles of Japan's supply
strained outnost defenses In the
South and Central Pacific from
Northeastern New Guinea to the
Marshalls to deal mounting
blows at the enemy's ships and
air bases.
Latest advices embraced the
probable sinking of a 2.500-ton
encmv ship off New Guinea, n
fiOOfl-lon vessel off New Britain,
the dropping of 40 tons of bombs
on an airfield on Bougainville,
and harbor and hangar fires set
during the third raids In as manv
days on the Marshalls and Gil
berts. Bombers of the II. S. 14th air
force sank an 11,000-ton cargo
vessel and two small freighters
In their second raid in two days
on Hongkong.
Tokvo radio, In its incessant
unconfirmed claims of new air
sea victories, asserted four allied
transports were sunk and two
other ships damaged in an air
raid south of Bougainville. It
listed ten Japanese planes shot
down againsl six American.
Typhoon Lashes Manila
The Japanese controlled Ma
nila radio returned to the air aft
er a two-day silence to report
that a typhoon disrupted all util
ities In the city, wrecked many
homes and presumably raised
havoc with much of the rest of
Luxon island. Largo sections
were flooded.
Premier Tojo reiterated, at a
luncheon in Tokyo for Oriental
newspapermen, that Japan is
fighting to "emancipate east Asia
from British and American greed
fnr world hegemony."
The time it has taken to open
a second front in Europe, said
Maj. Gen. R. II. Dewing, chief
of the. British) Australian army
Liaison staff, in Melbourne is an
indication of the delay that will
be necessary after the defeat of
Germany before allied might can
be concentrated in the Pacific to
crush Japan.
Those Miirshall and Gilbert
1 aids presently catch the eye. For
they are being made from undis
closed bases by land-hascd army
Liberators of the Seventh ail
force, which hits headquarters in
Hawaii. But Hawaii is more than
2.000 miles removed from the
raiding scene. Nearer to the
Marshalls and Gilberts are the
Elllee islands to the southwest
where American air bases re
cently have been acquired nt
(Continued on page 6)
jorlty of the human nace, must
Iways maintain the Initiative.
"In the historic conferences at
Moscow, we have made several
long steps forward. We are mak
ing substantial advances in an
other field, in the conferences
now being held by the United Nil-
"ions relief and rehabilitation ad-
ministration
Pact Broadening Urged
Willkie praised the Moscow ac
lord readied by the United
States, Great Britain, Russia and
China as "a sound foundation on
which we can now build" but urg
ed that it be enlarged to permit
ill the United Nations lo sign a
declaration of Intention.
"The significance of the Mos
'ow meeting could be prevented
from degenerating, as it might
liossibly do under certain circum
stances," he said, "into a mere
.illianio of four iowcrful coun
tries for the ruling of the world."
He said there were "frighten
ing gaps In our moral front and
still soft spots In our political
warfare" He said the French
leaders had been banned from
he Moscow talks and declared
friends and our enemies."
"Or think." he said, "of our
dickering with the reactionary
oligarchs of Spain, who we ap
VOL. XXXII NO.170 OF THE EVENING NEW9
Leading Marines
On Bougainville
MaJ.-Gen. Roy S. Gelger,
above, has taken over com
mand of the marines on Bou
gainville, replacing Lieut. -Gen.
A. A. Vandegrift, who has been
assigned to new tasks, pos
sibly the invasion of Rabaul.
Plywood Company
Filling Mill Pond
The task of filling the Eugene
Plywood company's newly con
structed mill pond al Green is in
progress this week. A 50-h. p.
pump, capable of delivering 1500
gallons per minute through a
lOincli pipe line more than a
mile in length, is filing the pond
with Witter taken from the South
Umpqua river. The pond, which
covers l.rL acres will require 2.'!,
million gallons of water.
Instillation of a 30-ton bridge
crane also is in progress, The
crane will be used for loading and
unloading purposes.
Logging Is expecled to start In
Hie near fulilre. The company
has purchased a largo timber
acreage in the Lltlle river dis
trict, where road construction
now is in progress under a Joint
arrangement with the public
roads administration, Douglas
county and the timber owners.
The ro.id will provide an outlet
for all-year use.
Two Gallons on Gas
Coupon Predicted
SALT LAKE CITY, Nov. 17
(AP) Clem W. Collins or Den
ver, regional director of the
OPA, predicted Wednesday that
the value of gasoline ration cou
pons would be reduced to two
gallons each shortly after the
first of lite year.
He said he believed the cut
would be effective In all regions
throughout the nation where the
coupons have present values of
three gallons each.
Military needs will force the
curtailment, he said.
I prased so long only lo have Fran
co recognize the Japanese minuet
In Manila and urge the blue ill
vislnnROOO Spaniards who have
been fighllng with the Germans
against the Russians- lo become
now a part of the German ar
my." Past Mistakes Cited
Wallce declared that "hick or
planning anil the selfishness or
so-called hard headed men can
turn peace II into World war
III."
"We must resolve," he said,
"that we shall not again produce
world-wide explosion by allowing
certain private Intrests to high
pressure congress into higher tar
iffs while other private interests
ire financing unsound loans
abroad at the expense of the
small Investor."
Churchill observed that the fo
rum was held "in the glow of
one of the most cheering devel
opments In internallon affairs.
I he Moscow conference" where
he said the four great powers
had pledged "to work together
not onlv In winning the war but
In building the structure ot a
lasting peace."
Eden commented that the Mos
cow lour power declaration
"made It plain there was
and there would be no at
tempt to Impose a sort of great
power dictatorship on the other
states."
Reds Forced
To Retreat in
Ukraine Area
Withdrawal Is Offset.
However, by Advances
In Other Localities
MOSCOW, Nov. 18. (API
Confronted with stiff counter
attacks, adverse weather condi
tions and difficult terrain, the
red army has given up ground In
the Ukraine for the first time
since it began lis successful of
fensive four months ago.
The withdrawal was executed
yesterday in the Zhitomir-Koro-styshov
sector at the tip of the
red army's salient west of Kiev,
and came on the evo of the first
anniversary of the launching of
the great soviet counteroffensivc
at Stalingrad on Nov. 18, 1912.
The retreat followed a series of
heavy nazi counterattacks south
east of Zhitomir and In the Fas-
tov sector, in which masses of
tanks and infantry were used In
an attempt lo slice ofr the bulge
in the soviet front. A Russian
communique said the drive cost
the Germans 1,500 casualties and
SO tanks and troop carriers.
(Advices from London said the
Germans were reported to have
thrown at least 150,000 troops In
to the Zhitomir counter assault.)
The depth of the withdrawal
was not given In the Russian
communique, which confined It
self to the laconic report that the
red army under enemy pressure,
was abandoning several settle
ments. Only Small Scale Affair
Moscow military observers,
however, believed the withdraw
al was not on a large scale, but
wiis simply a tactical maneuver
designed to prevent the encircle
ment of a comparatively small
advance guard.
They explained that a light,
mobile column of tanks and
motorized infantry had led the
Russian drive through Korosty
shev and Zhitomir and that the
bulk of the red army forces was
not able to maintain the pace.
Boggy ground Impeded troop
movements and low visibility re-
(Contlnued on page 6.)
Turkey Supply
For Thanksgiving
Not Promising
PORTLAND, Nov. 18. ( AP)
You'll be lucky If you have a
turkey for Thanksgiving dinner.
Despite a bumper Oregon
crop, about 15 per cent more than
last year, lackers have only a
few dressed birds compared to
the couple of carloads or so they
usually have this close to Thanks
giving. The packers place the blame, on
OPA regulations, heavy pur
chases of birds for the armed
forces and reduced supplies of
feed which has kept thousands
of turkeys from maturing In
time.
OPA, they said, requires grow
ers to sell turkey on the basis of
live weight. Growers have balk
ed, contending that this gives
them li cents a pound less than
they would receive under the cus
tomary marketing arrangement.
The usual procedure, said C. W.
Norton, manager of Northwest
Poultry and Dairy Products com
pany, is to take live birds from
growers and pay on dressed
weight after charging a set fee
for killing and dressing.
Norton said he believed the dis
trict OI'A understood the Oregon
sluiiilion but was powerless to do
part from national policy. Sen.
Ittilus C. Dolman has reported
that Price Administrator Bowles
has promised an investigation of
OPA's regulations in the slate.
Meanwhile, packers said, the
best thing to do is look ahead to
it turkey for Christmas dinner.
At least a lot of Immature birds
will be ready for eating then.
Florida Woman Chosen
Head of Eastern Star
CHICAGO, Nov. 1S-(AP)-Mrs.
Mamie Lander, Orlando,
Fla., has been elected most wor
thy grand matron of the Interna
tional Oix'der of Eastern Star at
the organization's world convention.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 18 (AP) '
Secretary of State Hull, the
first cabinet member ever to ad
dress congress, declared today
before a joint session of both
houses that "we can and will re
main masters of our own fate"
through cooperation with other
nations likewise intent upon se
curity. The decisions made at the Mos
cow conference, from which he
returned a national hero, point
the way, he said, to a world free
of "spheres of Influence for al
liances, for balance of power or
any other of the special arrange
ments through which, In the un
happy past, the nations strove to
safeguard their security or to
promote their Interests."
"We of today," said the white
haired 72-year old Hull, "shall be
Judged in the future by the man-,
nor In which we meet the unpre
cedented responsibilities that rest
upon us not alone In winning
the war, but also In making cer
tain that the opportunities of fu
ture peace and security shall not
be lost.
"As an American, I am proud
of the breadth and helghth of vi
sion and statesmanship which
adopted by overwhelming non
partisan majorities, resolutions In
favor of our country's participa
tion with other sovereign nations
in an effective system of Interna
tional cooperation for the main
tenance of peace and security."
Must Press Advantage
He said the united nations are
on the offensive and that "our
enemies are suffering defeat aft
er defeat."
But victory, he added, will be
hastened only as all the united
nations continue to press their
advantage without the slightest
relaxation or deviation.
It is increasingly clear, he con
tinued, that the time is nearlng
when more and more of the ter
ritory held by the enemy will be
wrested from his grasp, "and
when Germany and Its remain
ing satellites will have lo go the
way of fascist Italy."
The secretary said the Moscow
discussions were concerned with
many of the new problems which
would arise out of such develop
ments. "Important agreements were
reached but there were no secret
(Continued on page 6)
Whiskey Hoarded
To Boost Prices,
Claim; Probe Begun
WASHINGTON, Nov. 18 (AP)
-The Justice department already
has begun an Investigation of the
liquor industry, into which a sen
tile committee proposes to in
quire. Disclosing that his office Is out
to determine If there have been
price-fixing activities and a with
holding of supplies from the mar
ket In order to create an artificial
shortage and thus Increase pric
es, Wendell Berge, assistant at
torney general In charge of the
anti-trust division, told reporters
that he had assigned special men
to the Inquiry and Instructed
ll'.em to "push it."
The Beige announcement fol
lowed an assertion by Senator
Scrugham (D.-Nev.) whose reso
lution set off the senate investi
gation, that there Is enough whis
key In bonded warehouses to pro
vide every American citizen with
more than 12 quarts.
Secretary M.irgenthau told a
press conference, meanwhile, that
a proposal by Senator George
(D.-Ga.) to halve the time liquor
may be kept in the warehouses
without payment ot taxes would
solve the current retail whiskey
shortage "overnight" and "the
black market In liquor" at the
same lime.
"Senator George has a good
idea and I'm for it," Mnrgenthau
said.
Berge told newsmen that the
justice department Inquiry thus
far had resulted in "strong sus
picion" of monopolistic practices
in the industry, asserting:
"It looks like a fertile field."
Suggesting a changt In vers
7, chapter 10, of the gospel of
Saint Luke to meet a present
day worker's transportation
problem: "The labourer is
worthy of his tire."
Levity pact ant
By L. T. Relzensteln