M M US. AT RAM HASHED BV AIR ABM Surprise Daytime Assault Blasts Nip Warships, 177 Planes, Fires Installations ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, Oct. 14 (AP) bomber and fighter plane he Tuesday at Japan's key sea - Britain, and the resultant devastation prompted the conserva five general to say, "I think we have broken its back." The raid by the biggest area 'marks the turning point declared the airforce commander, Lt. Gen. George C. Kenney. The far-reaching results ( of the whole perimeter of defenses anchored to Rabaul were: Destruction or severe damage of 177 enemy planes, an estimated 60 per cent of the airforce on Rabaul's airdromes, Sinking of at least 17,600 destroyers and three merchant ships, as well as 43 small sea going cargo vessels and 70 harbor craft. Severe damaging of a submarine, its 5,000-ton tender, a 6,800-ton destroyer tender and a 7,000-ton cargo ship. Wrecking and firing of wharves and waterfront installa tions at Simpson harbor, one of the finest in the world. ; In The Day's "; News By FRANK JENKINS THE really big news news that Is heavy with portents and pos sibilitiescontinues to come from Russia, where the German line ot the Dnieper appears to have been definitely forced. THE Dnieper hot spot is at Kiev, where the Russians have cross ed the river IN FORCE both north and south of the city. As pictured by the dispatches, I hoy have a finger on one side of the German throat at Kiev and a thumb on the other. Soon they'll be ready to SQUEEZE. THE Russians first established three bridgeheads across the river (either pontoon bridges or ferry services). They then had lo make these bridgeheads secure against German counterattack. After that, they had to get troops, guns and supplies across in suf ficient force to make headway against the defending Germans. All this, of course, took time, which explains the lack of smash ing accomplishments since the crossing was first made. The Russians seem now to be about ready to start operations on a fairly big scale WEST of the river. THE reason these operations are heavy with possibilities is that back of them is ALL THE VAST MIGHT of Russia. How much that Is wc don't know, but there are growing indications that it is PLENTY. ON the western side of the German fortress .of Europe, American heavy hombers escort ed, by fighters, have been pound ing nazi cities for three days. In these three days, they have mocked down 32 German planes. British heavy bombers have been busy at the same time in the same area. We are told that in ALL air operations against Germany (British and American combin ed) in eight days 539 German planes have been destroyed as against 2-11 of ours. That's a ratio of better than two to one in our favor, and our side Is BUILDING llORE PLANES than Germany can. GENERAL Eaker, commanding U. S. air forces in Britain, says: "These and other raids to follow are In preparation for an allied INVASION across the English Channel and the North Sea. The task of the 8th air force (U. S.) and the RAF (Brit ish) is to destroy the factories and the transport and the wea pons of. the Germans so that our Invasion casualties will be cut Jown. Then he adds: "This is our stern assignment THIS WINTER (thus, you see, leaving indefinite the time of the land invasion). AS a minor but glorious achieve ment, British midget submar ines steal through German mine- (Continued on page 2). General MacArthur threw every could risk in a gigantic smash air bastion of Rabaul on New air armada ever amassed in this in the war in the south Pacific," they may speed the unhinging tons of ships, including three These accomplishments cost the allies five planes out of the participating hundreds, the bulk of which were Americans. The raiders expended 350 tons of bombs, 25 tons more than the bomb load dropped last week on Wake island, and more than 250, 000 rounds of ammunition. Escorted over Rabaul for the first time in the war by fighters, the Liberators and Mitchells struck by daylight at a base so bristling with defenses that here tofore attacks were made under cover of darkness. But that was before MacArthur acquired for ward air bases on islands north of New Guinea. Japs Taken by Surprise. The sharp scaling down of Ra baul's striking power followed a series of heavy raids since mid- August which have destroyed ap proximately 500 enemy planes at Wcwak, New Guinea. The Japanese were so com pletely surprised at Rabaul that they got only 40 fighters in the air, of which 26 were downed. One immediate result of the raid, General MacArthur said, is to give Hhe allies mastery-of the air over the Solomons seas and adjacent waters. Today's communique announc ed the crushing of all organized enemy resistance on Vella La vella, with 200 Japanese slain in final operations. Bougainville underwent new allied attacks in which 21 Japanese planes were shot down at a cost of three American raiders. Alabama Strike Closes 17 Mines BIRMINGHAM, Ala., Oct. 14 (AP) At least 17 Alabama coal mines, employing more than 6.500 men and including several of the stale's largest industrial fuel producers, were shut down today in a work stoppage which both union ?.r,d operator spokes men said resulted from govern ment release of the mines to their owners. A survey indicated that 12 mines, including the state's larg est, joined those idle on the morning shift. Five were shut down yesterday. Approximately 25.000 men are employed in all the state's mines. The closed mines produce ap proximately 50 per cent of the coal used In the steel and iron plants of the Birmingham dis trict. Industrial fuel supplies are low. ATLANTA, Oct. 14 (AP) Nearly all of the 8.500 striking truck drivers in six southern states returned to their jobs to- dav, but the vote to go back, a Memphis union spokesman said, was coupled with a notice to strike if the War Labor board does not take action on their wage raise request in 30 days. Stamp 29 in Book 4 Good For Sugar Buying Nov. 1 WASHINGTON. Oct. 14 (API Stamp No. 29 In the new ration book No. 4 will be used for buy ing sugar beginning Nov. 1, the OPA announced today. The new book will be distri buted In a school house registra tion the last two weeks of this month. Continuing the present con sumer ration for another two and one-half months, stamp 29 will be good for five pounds of supar through January 15. 1914. Stamp 14 in ration hook one, good for five pounds since All pust 10. expires the first day of November, when stamps 15 and 16 which have been used for home canning sugar, expire on the last day of October. tmtmt VOL. XLVIII NO. 158 OF ROSEBURG REVIEW Fifth Army Cracks Nazi Line Battles Raging for 4 Kiev Combat Bloodiest of Fall Drive Nazi Escape Route From Crimea Periled as Reds Lunge Into Melitopol MOSCOW, Oct. 14. (AP) The Red army, now inside or on the threshold of four of Rus sia's large cities Kiev, Gomel, Zaporozhe and Melitopol ap peared on the way today to win ning some of its greatest vie tories. Surging across the mud flats of the lower Dnieper river, the Soviets fought their way into Melitopol, a city of 76,000 inhabi tants, after breaking the German hold on the Molochna river line. On the middle Dnieper river, Red army forces within two miles of the Ukrainian capital of Kiev hastened their efforts to take the city before the nazis could complete demolitions. Capture of Kiev would be a prize of the first order for the Red army. At the time of its capture by the Germans in Sep tember, 1941, its population num bered 850,000. Gomel, at the northern end ot the active front, became) a battle ground as .soviet forces which crossed the Sozh river came to that White Russian center. The Red army of the south ap peared battling for a substantial prize the bottling up in the Crimea of the German 17th army. Front line dispatches said no withdrawal appeared under way. They added that the Ger mans' main railway communica tion with the Crimea was already cut at Melitopol, leaving the Ger mans only the single-track line, (Continued on page 6) 2 U. S. Destroyers Lost, Navy Reports WASHINGTON, Oct. 14 (AP) Loss of two American destroy ers in the Mediterranean was re ported today by the navy in a communique which also told of an unsuccessful Japanese bomb ing raid on Attu island In the Aletians. The destroyers ,the Buck and Bristol, both sank as a result of underwater explosions, the navy said. The Buck, an 1.500-ton ship, went down oft Salerno October 9 and the Bristol, a 1,700-ton ves sel, was sunk yesterday. Die navy said casualty details had not been received. The bombing raid on Attu, taken from the Japanese late in May, was the first carried out since American occupation of that little Island on the tip of the Aleutians chain. Ten Japanese bombers flew high over Massacre bay at n great height, the navy reported. Their bombs wen? dropped with out causing damage. American fighting pilots flew up to intercept the bombers and they were driven off. No planes were shot down in the engage ment. Loss of the two dost rovers, each of which carried approxi mately 2M officers and men. brought to 122 the number of naval craft lost since the war started. Bill Lists $99,000 For Umpqua River Harbor Allotments for improvements and general maintenance of I'mpqua harbor facilities are in cluded In the appropriations pro posed in the rivers and harbors bill now before congress. The bill carries S55.000 for harbor and channel work and S10.000 tor extension of the turning ba sin, together with $31,000 for channel dredging and mooring dock construction at Winchester Bay. The bill has been approved by the rivers and harbors com mittee. Former Douglas Teacher Steps up In Wacs Service if J I , St News-llni'leir engraving. Gladys I. Maupin. FORT DES MOINES, la., Oct. 14. Pvt. Gladys I. Maupin of Oakland, Ore., who taught school in Douglas county, Ore., for sev en years before she joined the WACs in June, 1943, has been promoted to the grade of techni cian 5th grade (corporal). She Is a clerk and typist In the of fice of the Bakers and Cooks school at First Wac Training Center, Fort Des Moines, la. The sister of Mrs. Zene Mc Nabb of Oakland, Corporal Mau pin was assigned to the office of the Bakers and Cooks school at the completion ot basic training. She was formerly principal of the elementary school at Yon calla. Ore. She also has taught at schools in Pleasant Valley and Gunter, Ore. She is a member of the Oregon State Teachers as sociation and the Parent-Teacher association. A graduate of Oakland high school. Corporal Maupin also is a graduate of S. Oregon Normal school at Ashland. She has a nephew, Pvt. Clyde Maupin of Elkton, Ore., who is with the marines in the Pacific war zone. Western Douglas To Have Unit Of Mounted Police Organization of a western Douglas county unit of the Mounted Police is under way at Reedsport, it was announced to day by Sheriff Bud Carter, who. with Captain Al Bashford, com manding officer of the Mounted Police, and W. H. (Doc) Carter, went to Reedsport last night to assist with the work of forming the unit. Sixteen members al ready have been signed, it is re ported, and others are expected to volunteer for service. Olficers are to be named at a future meet ing. The western Douglas unit. It was stated, will he an important factor ill the campaign to pre vent livestock thefts. The Mount ed Police maintain patrols in ru ral areas and have materially reduced livestock ami poultry loses in the central part of the county. Thefts, however, have been on the increase in tile coast area. Deadline Set for Canning Sugar Applications The local War Price and Ra tioning board announced today that no canning sugar applica tions will be ecci'pted at the board office after October 20, un til further notice. Any consum ers who have not received their allotments of canning sugar and will need it for that puixjse must have their applications In the office before that date. The book four registration will take place shortly after that date and the clerks will not be able to process the applications. THEDOUG&SXOUNTY DAILY ROSEBURG, OREGON, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 14, I943. Peace Bond Resolution Gains Backing Postwar Collaboration Favored by Majority of Senate Committee WASHINGTON, Oct. 14 (AP) A majority of the senate for eign relations committee swung Its. support today behind a reso lution pledging American parti cipation in postwar collaboration to maintain peace. Indications were that the measure would be sent to the senate floor without substantial changes. An Associated Press poll dis closed that seven democrats and five republicans a majority of the 23 committee memliors find the resolution acceptable in its present form. Three members oppose any ac tion now, seven others are not yet ready to commit themselves, and one, Senator Glass (D.-Va.) was not reached. The resolution, approved 7 to 1 by a subcommittee headed by Chairman Connally (D.-Tex.) of the full committee, will be laid before the latter group next Tuesday in this form: "Resolved by the senate ot the United States: 1 "That the war against all our enemies be waged until com plete victory is achieved; "That the United States co-operate with its comrades-Inarms in securing a just and honorable peace; "That the United States, acting through its constitutional pro cesses, join with free and sover eign nations in the establishment and maintenance of international authority with power to prevent aggression and to preserve the peace ot the world." , How Senators Split A canvass showed this lineup on the full committee: For the resolution (12) Demo- ( Continued on page 6) Jolt Given 2 Who Thought Selves Outside Draft SALEM, Ore., Oct. 14 (AP) Men 38 years old or older can be diafted Into the army, Col. El mer V. Wooton, state selective service director, said today in telling of the sad experience of a Portland shipyard worker. This man, on reaching his 38th birthday, quit his job, telling his employer and friends that lie couldn't be diafted because of age. He left his wife and children, got himself a lady friend, and began making the rounds of the Portland night spots and had a nice vacation at the coast. The United States employment service pleaded with him to get back into an essential industry, but he told them he wouldn't, as serting that bemuse he was 38, he couldn't be drafted, so why get into an essential Industry? The man's draft board became concerned about it. and asked stale selective service? headquar ters to do something about him. So state headquarters obtained permission lo draft the man. The man reports for induction in a few days. His wife and chil dren will gel dependency allow ances, probably more money than they ever had for support. And the lady friend must find a new hoy friend. Colonel Wooton also told of a Iflyearold pool hall worker in Portland. This man was advised that his job was nondeferrable, -,nd he was asked to get Into es- I i ntlal Industry. He replied that ; lie wouldn't leave his pool hall I lob, and defied the army to draft him, pointing out he was over 38 veal's old. State headquarters got a wai ver of age for him, too, and he'll go into the army soon. Large Plenty of Pheasants Await Hunters in Douglas; Quail, Grouse Also Despite the shortage of am munition, bird hunters are break ing out their few remaining shells in preparation for the opening of the season this week end. The season on waterfowl opens half an hour before sunrise Fri day, while tho season on phea sants and other upland birds bo- gins at the same time Saturday. Due to light hunting last year, pheasants are reported very nu merous throughout Douglas county this year and hunters are anticipating enjoyable and suc cessful sport. The Douglas county season on pheasants is from October 16 to Nov. 7, inclusive. The bag limit is four pheasants In any one day but not more than eight birds in any seven consecutive days or in possession at any one time; pro vided, that not more than one hen may be held in possession at any one time. Quail, Grouse Also Open California or valley quail may be killed in Douglas county dur ing tile period from Oct. 16 to Nov. 7, with a bag limit of 10 birds In uny one day or In pos session at any one time. Sooty or blue grouse and rut- Subsidy Rates on Milk in Oregon Areas Announced CORVALLIS, Ore., Oct. 14 The stale AAA office today an nounced milk subsidy rates for Oregon farmers, which are ex pected to increase the stale's milk production in the last three months of the year. In western Oregon, including Hood River county, the rate will bo 45 cents a hundredweight on whole milk, 5 cents a pound on bulterfat. In all other counties it will be 35 and 4 cents. For butter it will be 80 per cent of the bulterfat figure and for cream, 20 per cent of the but- lerfat rate. AAA officials explained that dairymen who deliver whole milk will be paid at the whole milk rate even though It is mar keted on the basis ot bulterfat content. The butterfat rate will pply only for those delivering separated cream for manufactur ing. Payments will bo made for the entire month of October although county AAA committees are not entirely ready yet to handle the program. Dairymen were advised to as semble all October sales records and hold them until application forms are made available local ly. County committees will make the payments for the commodity credit corporation. The subsidy payments were determined nationally on three factors the increase of milk prices over the 1940 average, price advances in dairy feed since September, 1942, and the aver age proportion of dairy feed pur chased In different areas. Highway Board Works On Postwar Program SALEM, Ore., Oct. 14 -(AP) The state highway commission began work today on its post war highway program, estimat ing It would take at least six months to draft even a tentative program. Under a bill before congress, Oregon would have $19,000,000 a year to spend for three years on postwar roads. The commission this week completed conferences with all 36 Oregon county courts, and will coordinate the county plans with state plans. VOL. XXXII NO. on Volturno; Russian Cities Legal Targets fed grouse may be hunted in Douglas county, west of the Pa cific highway, from Oct. 16 to Oct. 31, inclusive, with a bag lim it of two in the aggregate of both kinds in any one day and not more than six In the aggregate ot both kinds during the entire open season. Water Fowl Limits Cited Bag limit on ducks, geese, brant und coot from Oct. 15 to Dec. 23, is ten ducks in the aggre gate for all kinds In uny one day, of which not more than three of any one, nor more than three in the aggregate may be red heads or buffleheads and of which not more than one may be a wood duck. Not more than 20 ducks of all kinds may be in pos session at any one time and not more than six ot any one or more than six In the aggregate may bo redheads or buffleheads, and of which not more than one may be a wood duck. Geese and brant are limited to two In the aggregate of all kinds in any one day and not more than four in the aggregate of all kinds in pos session at any one time. Coot are limited to 25 In any one day and not more than 25,111 possession at any one time. Deanna Durbin's Romance Ended In Divorce Court HOLLYWOOD, CVt. 14.- (AP) A romance which Hollywood thought was a cinch to endure, and In which the blase town took an interest almost affection ale, has ended in the divorce courts. The film town, which takes marriages and separations In stride with a shrug of the should ers, was actually surprised yes terday when Deanna Durbin, she of the lilting voice and demure manner, fiied suit for divorce from young Vaughn Paul, who had been her friend since she was a mere kid. Miss Durbin is only 20 now ,and Paul, a naval lieutenant (jg) and former as sociate film producer, is 28. Miss Durbin denied herself to Interviewers, but a statement Is sued through her attorney hint ed at the struggle they had wag ed to make their marriage a suc cess, and at her sorrow that she felt compelled to end it. "Our marriage was embarked upon with all the sincerity and hopes that should go with marri age," she said. "But circum stances that neither of us have been able to solve now make it imperative to part, to assure our individual welfare and happi ness." She made the conventional charge of mental cruelty. There had been no rumor of a rift, and they parted only last Monday, her complaint said. Crack Olympian Train Wrecked; 12 Persons Hurt SEATTLE, Oct. 14 (AP) The Olympian, crack Seattle-Chicago passenger train, was derail ed 12 miles west of Miles City, Mont., today and 12 passengers were injured, N. A. Meyer, su perintendent of transportation here of the Milwaukee railroad, announced. The passengers, none of whom were believed seriously injured, were taken to a Miles City hos pital. The coach section of the train left the tracks, apparently be cause of a broken rail, and all the other cars were derailed, Meyer said. The locomotive pass ed over the piece of track and did not leave the rails. The wreck was near Sheffield. , 140 OF THE EVENING NEWS River Bridged After Fierce Night Attack Seven German Divisions Used in Futile Effort to Check Allied Advance LONDON, Oct. 14 (AP)' A German news agency " broadcast from Berlin said British troops landed at the mouth of the Volturno river '.' tonight In a flanking attack , on German positions In Italy. ' ALLIED HEAD QUARTERS, Algiers, Oct. 14 (AP) British and American troops of Lt. Gen, Clark's Fifth army cracked the strong German lines along the Volturno river in a fierce night attack early yesterday and have established several armor-reinforced bridgeheads across that most formidable obstacle in the path to Rome, allied headquar ters announced today. Gen. Clark struck at a time to take advantage of favorable weather when dry ground allow ed deployment of his forces and after a terrific artillery barrage had softened the enemy's de fense positions on the north bank. ,- Engineers bridged the Voltiuv no to get American tanks across the stream, which for days had been virtually impassable be cause of high water. But the Germans had rushed fresh contingents south from the Rome area in recent days to meet an expected attack, and as the British and Americans claw ed their way up the steep banks rierce fighting raged up and down the north side of the stream. Seven German divisions were in lino across Italy to oppose the allied advance. This advance was along the line. Hard Combat Won After a heavy fight troops northwest of Bencvento captured (lie town on Guardia, four miles north of the Calore river and only nine miles east of the Vol turno. This ndvancc threatened the left flank of tho Germans righting behind the Volturno de fenses. The British and Canadians in the center of the line drove for ward five miles. They pursued the enemy and occupied Gildone, less than a mile southeast of Campobasso, and made other gains to swing the east end o (Continued on page 6) U. S. Bombers Hit Central Germany LONDON, Oct. 14-1(AP) U. S. bombers, supported by Thun lerbolts, attacked targets in cen tral Germany today. It was the first daylight raid for the American bombers, since they hit Mucnstrr and Coesfeld Sunday. The targets were not specified in the first announcement from U. S. army headquarters, but the use of the description "central Germany" suggested the possi bility of a fairly deep penetra tion. The attack marked the resump tion of major operations which, in addition to the Muenster and. Coesfeld raids, Included a rec ord, long-distance flight to east ern Germany, Poland and east Prussia last Saturday. In. 48 axl wh linrv .2.98 oolo.