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VOL. XLVII NO. 209 OF ROSEBURG REVIEW 2-
ALLIED ARTILLMY, GROWING AIR STRENGTH SOFTENING
AXIS, PREPARATORY TO MAJOR BLOW IN NORTH AFRICA
Heights Held
At Key Point
Of Tebourba
Ports of Bizerte, Tunis
Raided From Air; Chief
Task One of Supplies
LONDON. Dec. 9 (AP)
Heavy artillery and steadily
growing fleets of planes were re
ported softening the axis in the
Tebourba area today as the
allies, secured by the repulse of
the enemy's efforts to recapture
heights dominating the battle
field, apparently prepared for a
Jiig new drive on Bizerte and
Tunis.
"American pilots arc taking a
very active part in ground opera
tions," said a Morocco radio
broadcast quoting what it called
a new allied headquarters com
munique. The announcer added that
"every day, fresh formations of
nircraft are put into action," sug
gesting that the allied command
had made strides toward solving
the shortage of air bases close to
the hub of the Tunisian fighting.
The broadcast attributed to ;he
communique its report that "in
the Tebourba sector of the Tun
isian front axis forces were shell
ed by heavy artillery after the
successful allied counterattacks."
It indicated also that the allies
were concentrating heavy land
and air forces, presumably o ex
ploit the advantage won when
Hie enemy was forced to with
draw from wedges he had sliced
into the British-American lines.
The communique said the
(Continued on page 6.)
Increased Wages
Will Be Asked by
5 Railway Unions
CHICAGO, Dec. 9 (AP) Rep
resentatives of 350,000 railroad
operating employes announced to
day they would ask for a 30 per
cent increase in wages, or a mini
mum raise of $3 a day, from the
nation's carriers.
Alvaney Johnston, president of
the Brotherhood of Locomotive
Engineers, serving as spokesmen
for the five unions which run and
man the nation's freight and pas
senger trains, said increased
wages were necessitated by added
responsibilities and hazards placed
upon employes, excessive hours,
the manpower shortage, higher
living costs and the inequality of
railroad pay compared with that
in other industries.
There has been a "breakdown"
in the railroad industry, Johnston
declared, because many skilled
workers were leaving to go into
war work where they are paid
more for the same kind of work.
The decision, by 750 union chair
men, was a sequel to wage ad
justment demands by the 15 non
I operating brotherhoods, claiming
n membership of about 900,000.
They are asking an increase of
20 cents an hour.
A year ago the railroad un
ions demanded and obtained, aft
er threats of a nation-wide
strike, increases in pay. A settle
ment accepted by management
and labor Dec. 1, 1941, provided
a raise of 10 cents an hour for
the non-operating personnel and
94 cents an hour for the opera
ting. The general chairmen who have
been meeting here will carry' the
demands to their union locals for
ratification by the membership
at large. If approved by the rank
and file, the demands will be pres
ented formally to each of the em
ployer railroads.
The demands then would be
negotiated on a nation-wide basis
through committees representing
both sides. The terms of the na
tional railway act set up elaborate-
machinery' 'or the disposal
of disputes. Including appointment
of a fact-finding committee by
the president for adjudicating
claims, before any strike actually
could be put Into effect.
U.S. War Bill for Single Year Exceeds
46 Billion, More Than Entire Cost of
Participation in Last World Conflict
WASHINGTON. Dec. 9. (AP) One year of total war has
cost the United States over $46,000,000,000 more than the en
tire cost of participation in the last world conflict 25 years ago.
Staggering as this sum appears, it is dwarfed by latest bud
get estimates of war expenditures for the 1943 fiscal year. Bud
get officials expect these expenditures to amount to
$78,000,000,000. - '
Since last Dec. 8, when congress
declared a state of war with j
japan, the treasury nas reportea
Sl(,393,890,525 spent on war acti
vities alone up to Dec. 5. Officials
say this is a conservative figure
which will be increased consider
ably hy expenditures for some
war purposes that are not in
cluded in the complllation.
The net cost of American parti
cipation in the first world war,
treasury statistics show, was $40,
5S3,OG2,000. The nation entered the second
year of its war against the axis
with the greatest public debt in
its history and war costs mount
ing to unprecedented heights. The
latest treasury statements show
that current war expenditures
are running at the rate-of about
86,000,000,000 a month, which is
just about four times what they
were under the national defense
program before Pearl harbor.
Public Debt Also Soars
The public debt, too, is nearly
twice what it was a year ago. At
that time on Dec. 8, 1941 It was
555,231,154,812. It has since mount
ed to more than $100,000,000,000,
the latest treasury figure on Dec.
5 placing the gross debt at $103,
577,800,314. When the United States entered
the world war in 1917, it had a
gross debt of about 51,500,000,000.
During the first year of participa
tion in that war, the public debt
rose to $11,350,376,680 and on
Nov. 30, 1918, it stood at $19,438,
375,022. The bulk of war expenditures
Walkout Closes
Bethlehem Steel
Company Units
JOHNSTOWN, Pa., Dec. 9
(API Six departments of the
Bethlehem Steel company plant
here, which had been producing
plates for warships, were closed
today by a walkout which the
CIO United Steelworkers said was
caused by a dispute over Interpre
tation of President Roosevelt's
wage-freezing order.
Eugene Maurice, local director
of the union, said 1,500 men
were out.
The company announced the
mills and department were closed.
Other departments of the huge
Johnstown works were function
ing as usual. The strikers are only
a fraction of the total number oi
employes.
The union's grievance commit
tee called a meeting for this morn
ing and a union representative ex
pressed belief an agreement
would be reached.
Maurice said the men walked
out because the company "declin
ed to define its attitude on the
Oct. 3 directive of President
Roosevelt," which prohibited
changes in pay unless authorized
by the war labor board.
He said men working seven
consecutive days demanded double
pay for the seventh day and de
cided not to work" until the com
pany "defines its attitude" on this.
The company claimed the men
were receiving the double pay.
Labor Dispute Closes
Carlton Hotel, Portland
PORTLAND, Dec. 9 ( AP)
Occupants of the Carlton hotel
searched for other rooms :oday
after the hotel closed in wha'
Y;i:upcr Newton Langeivnvn
said was a labor dispute.
He said Carlton employes re
fused to join the Hotel Service
Employes' union, and the resul
tant picketing forced the closure.
ROSEBURG,
2-Thirds of U. S. Income
Being Spent for War
PORTLAND, Dec. 9. (AP)
This war is forcing econo
mists to change their opinions
on war financing, according
to Donald M. Erb, University
of Oregon president.
They used to believe a na
tion could not spend more
than half its income on war
and survive, he told the Ki
wanis club.
But the United States is
spending two-thirds of its in
come on war. Dr. Erb said,
adding, "maybe we can spend
85 per cent . . . time alone can
determine that. If we make
up our minds to It, however,
we can spend in excess of
two-thirds of our national in
come and make it feasible and
workable."
in the current struggle have been
on the army and navy, the army
accounting for $25,383,464,511,
and the navy $12,851,455,689. In
the same period the maritime
commission, which is engaged in
the greatest shipbuilding pro
gram in history, spent $1,426,991,
798. Secretary of the Treasury
Morgenthau and his aides are
busy studying new tax proposals
which it was indicated will im
pose heavier burdens than ever
have been placed on the American
taxpayer.
Tiny Woman Goes
On Job as First
Airlines Mechanic
NEW York, Dec. 9 (AP)
Mrs. Marjane Johnston is a little
bit of a woman but she can do a
big job on aircraft motors.
Having solved the mechanical
intricacies of the family car and
plane, 61-Inch tall Mrs. Johnston,
who halls from Lone Jack, Mo.,
yesterday stepped Into a job at
LaGuardia field and became what
was said to be the nation's first
woman airline mechanic.
Her husband, Francis G. Jonns
ton, former Eastern Air Lines
mechanic now a technical ser
geant in the air corps, laughed
when she suggested two years
ago that she take up his trade.
But she did a good job of over
hauling the engine In their car
so he bought a plane and, togeth
er, they went to work on that.
The plane was sold for enough
money to pay for a year's course
at a Newark, N. J., aeronautical
school. She passed a tough civil
aeronautics authority examina
tion and applied for a job with
American airlines.
"Suppose you received a pilot's
report of a rough engine?" Robert
H. Burck, airlines personnel man,
asked her.
"I would simply feel the cylin
ders, she replied quickly. Cylin
ders generate heat, so a cool cylin
der would be the trouble-maker.
Then she got the Job.
Aged Lane County Man
Facing Murder Charge
EUGENE, Ore., Dec. 9-fAP)
William Frank Turner, 77-year-old
Canary farmer, is In the Lane
county jail today facing a first
degree murder charge in connec-
tion with the fatal shooting of
Grant Fiske of Florence, who
died a few hours after the shoot
ing at the North Bend hospital.
The shooting, which occured at
Canary last Thursday, was alleg
edly over an old property bound
ary line.
THrD0U6LSS:CO0N.TY DAILY
OREGON, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1942.
Air Power Of
Nazis Ebbs in
Russian War
Mail, Training Planes
Used in Effort to Aid
Stalingrad Besiegers
MOSCOW Dec. 9 (AP) Ger
many's armies, trying desperately
to hold the siege ot stanngraa
they laid down 106 days ago, are
pressing mail planes ana training
ships into service in an attempt
to bolster their threateneu lorces
with reinforcements, the soviet
army newspaper Red Star as
serted today.
The red air force has downed
as many as 60 Junkers In three
days, Red Star said. These are the
regular German troop ana sup
ply carrying ships which the in
vader has been using to bring
reserves from as far as Ger
many Itself, Red Star claimed.
Even a mail plane has appear
ed on the front for the first time,
the Russians asserted, indicating
the enemy's shortage of transport
aircraft.
Trains and trucks were also be
ing used in an effort to pour
heli) through the narrow nut
cracker corridor left to the nazis
at Stalingrad.
Southwest of Stalingrad, the
Germans hit red army flanks
with tanks and motorized In
fantry, and at some points, Red
Star conceded, penetrated to the
rear of Russian units.
Russian tanks and motorized
infantry, aided by light armor
piercing guns mounted on tanks,
"generally succeeded in restoring
positions," Red Star said.
Stalingrad Battle Continues
Within Stalingrad itself, Red
(Continued on page 6.)
Fluorescent Lamp
Monopoly Charge
Hits Ten Firms
WASHINGTON, Dec. 9 (AP)
The government accused a
major portion of the electric light
manufacturing Industry today of
monopolizing and restraining
trade in fluorescent lamps and
fixtures by allegedly dividing the
world market, conspiring with
public utilities companies, con
trolling prices and making unlaw
ful use of patent licensing agree
ments and agency contracts.
Atorney General Biddle an
nounced the filing of a civil com
plaint against seven manufac
turers, two trade associations and
a testing laboratory In federal
district court at Trenton, N. J.
Named defendants were:
General Electric company, In
ternational General Electric com
pany, Westinghouse Electric and
Manufacturing company, Claude
Neon Lights, Inc., N. V. Philips
Electrical Testing laboratories, all
of New York; Corning Glass
works, Corning, N. Y.; Consoli
dated Electric Lamp company,
Danvers, Mass.; Rcf lector Lamp
Manufacturers' institute, Chicago;
and Foeur-O-Licr manufacturers,
Cleveland.
The fluorescent light, which
came into wide spread use In re
cent years, is a long tubular
lamp which it is claimed gives a
better light and uses less electric
power than the familiar bulb incandescent-
lamp.
ri3
shopping!
days left-
.TO GET AM
ELECTRIC
.TRAIN FOP-
BuiQrsfriMAess
V. TIM... . CiVr-trB
6 Destroyers
Of Japs Fail
In Relief Try
Allied Bombers Smash
One Off New Guinea's
Coast, Others Flee
WASHINGTON, Dec. 9
(AP) Destruction of one
Japanese warship and severe
damaging of three others by
American dive bombers and
torpedo planes operating
from Guadalcanal island In
the Solomons was reported by
the navy today.
One ship was seen sinking
and the other three In flames
. the morning after the attack
on an enemy force steaming
toward Guadalcanal on De
cember 3, the navy said. In
addition the communique re
ported that ten Japanese float
, type planes were shot down
during the engagement which
frustrated another attempt by
the Japanese to reinforce
their troops on Guadalcanal.
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
AUSTRALIA, Dec. 9 -(API-Allied
bombers broke up a new
attempt by the Japanese navy
to reinforce troops in the Buna
Gona area of New Guinea yester
day, setting one of the six relief
destroyers afire with Iwo direct
hits and forcing the remaining
five to flee northward, an allied
communique said today.
On the New Guinea shore, al
lied forces which drove a new
hole in the Japanese lines a few
days ago and reached the beach
fought off strong counterattacks
from Buna village and Buna
mission. At least 40 Japanese
were reported killed in the fight
ing. Allied troops advanced slight
ly In the fighting around the
Buna airdrome and the commun
ique reported that allied planes
were continuing their attacks on
Japanese positions.
Japs Bomb Hospitals
The communique from General
MacArthur's headquarters said
that Japanese planes "have vio-
(Continued on page 6.)
Navy Official Reverses
View on Trend of War
PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 9
(AP) Assistant Secretary of
the Navy Ralph A. Hard, who
two months ago said the United
Nations were losing the war, now
says "any uncertainty as to ulti
mate victory is passed."
Speaking at the launching of
the light cruiser Miami at the
Cramp Shipbuilding company
yesterday, Bard recalled that the
United Stales had entered the
war just a year ago, then added:
"We can look about us today
and honestly say that any uncer
tainty as to the ultimate victory
is passed despite the difficult
trials which muy lie before us."
On Sept. 27, in an address be
fore the Industrial union of
Marine and Shipbuilding workers
In New York City, Bard declared:
"We are still losing this war.
Period. And we should damn
well understand it. Period, ft will
take all we've got to win What
are you going to do about it?"
Judge Refuses to Allow
Wife to Pay for Divorce
SEATTLE. Dec. 9-( AP) Com
menting that "it might set a bad
precedent," Superior Judge Roger
J. Meakim declined to permit a
war-workcr-wlfc, Mrs. Floyd Carl
son, to pay divorce costs.
Carlson, a dental technician,
said his wife, a Boeing aircraft
welder, wanted the divorce and
agreed to pay for it.
"It Is a by product of the war,
your honor, and further evidence
of the emancipation of women,"
said Carlson's attorney, A. A.
Seijas.
The wife was not In court when
Judge Meakim granted the
divorce but disapproved the pay
ment arrangement.
VOL. XXXI NO.
Tin Cans To
Be Collected
InDcughs
Notice Given by County
Salvage Head; Need of
Waste Fats Also Cited
Tin can salvage has at last
reached Douglas county, Fred A.
Goff, county salvage chairman,
announced today. All Douglas
county residents are urged to
start saving cans, for a collection
to be made at some future date,
Goff said. Transportation facili
ties are not now available, but it
Is expected that arrangements
for handling will be made In the
near future, and in the meantime
cans should be made ready 'or
the time of collection.
Housewives are asked to wash
cans, remove labels, remove both
ends and then flatten the cans
by stepping upon them or Using
a hammer or other Instrument.
When a large number of cans
have been collected, they can
either be balled or placed In a
container.
Actual collection In this area
may not occur for several weeks,
but, If cans are properly prepar
ed, the six-months collection
from an average family will not
fill a small barrel.
" Eventually all properly prepar
ed cans will go directly to planls
for the recovery of the tin mid
steel, with both metals being
salvaged for war production pur
poses. Preliminary preparation of
cans is needed for the following
reasons, Goff said: 1. Washing
prevents deterioration of tin coat
ing, ussures sanitary conditions
and prevents contamination of
delinning chemicals. 2. Remov-
(Continued on page 6.)
Woman Rescued After
Night Spent in Snow
I IILLSBORO, Ore., Dec 9
(AP) Mrs. Carl Fouls, 42, of
Cochran, was recovering in a
local hospital today from effects
of exposure.
She became exhausted while
walking through deep snow from
Timber, Ore., to her home Mon
day night and spent the night in
the open. Rescuers found her
Tuesday morning.
4H Club Champions of Douglas County
Honored at Roseburg Kiwanians' Meet
Douglas county 4-H club cham
pions were honored hy the Rose
burg Klwanis club at the regular
luncheon meeting of that organi
zation at the Umpqua hotel Tues
day. The Kiwanians were given a
summary of the national achieve
ments of 4-H club members by
Frank Ward who presided over
the program. The club also honor
ed Jay Hooten, one of the stale
winners in Future Farmers of
America projects.
Members of 4-H clubs through
out the nation produced three mil
lion dollars worth of garden pro
ducts, furnished poultry products
from 6,500,000 birds, products
from 85,000 heads of dairy cattle,
raised 300,000 head of hogs and
250,000 head of other livestock,
Ward told the Klwanis club. In
addition to all of this agricultural
production, the members assisted
In the war effort by collecting
146,000,000 pounds of scrap metal,
enough for 20 trains of 100 cars
each; salvaged 23,000,000 pounds
of rubber, bought $6,000,000 worth
of war savings bonds and stamps,
and sold $2,GOO,000 worth of such
securities.
Firms and Individuals repres
ented In the Klwanis club con
tributed nine of the 14 scholar
ships awarded Douglas county 4
H club members during the past
year, it was reported. Klwanis
contributors Included Parkinson's
Food store, Douglas National
bank, Roseburg News-Review,
Fisher's Department store, U. S.
National bank, Montgomery
Ward company, The California
189 OF THE EVENING NEWS
Hitler Recalls
Finance Wizard
On 'If Question
Adolf Hitler has oalled Dr.
Hjalmar Schacht, above, for
mer nazl finance minister, out
of obscurity to prepare a report
on what would happen If Ger
many lost her allies or met
defeat. Schacht, labeled a fin
ancial wizard and mlraole man
of the reich, has often dis
agreed with Hitler, deplored
anti-Semltlo brutalities and de
fied powerful nazl ohleftalns.
After keeping Germany eco
nomically afloat, Schacht was
removed as relchsbank head
In 1939 and given obscure Jobs
thereafter.
War Decoration Given
Tiller Man's Nephew
Private William S. Riley, a
nephew of Olvld, Riley, Tiller
wus among 106 men awarded the
Purple Heart decoration for
wounds received In meritorious
service in actions In the South
west Pacific area, according to
an announcement of awards by
Ihe war department.
Riley was decorated for a
singularly meritorious act of es
sential service near Bathurst
Island In the northern territory
of Australia, Feb. 19 and 20, the
war department stated. He vol
unteered as a member of the gun
crew of a vessel earring supplies
for the relief of forces in the
Philippines and during the course
of this mission manned his gun
until wounded by shrapnel from
the enemy. He is serving In the
army ordinance department. His
uncle is his neurest of kin.
New Zealand Hospital
Fire Claims 37 Lives
WELLINGTON, New Zealand,
Dec. 9 (AP) Thirty-seven wo
men patients were burned to
death last night in one of New
Zealand's greatest fire tragedies
when the women's wing of the
Seat-lift mental hospltul was des
troyed. Oregon Power company. Dr. B. R.
Shoemaker and Dr. E. J. Wain
scott. Scholarships awarded by
firms not represented in the club
included J. C. Penny company,
Safeway stores, Pepsi-Cola and
Bob Franks grocery.
Champions Rewarded
Four county champions were
present and were awarded gold
medals In recognition of their
achievements. Awards were as
lollows:
Betty Lou Weseman, 17, Days
Creek. She has been engaged in
4-H club activities for 9 years and
has completed 21 projects. She
has won 13 blue ribbons and one
red ribbon and this year won the
county championship In the cloth
ing achievement contest sponsor
ed by Ihe Spool Cotton company.
Don Brumbach, 17, Roseburg.
He has been a club member for
six years, has engaged In 19 pro
jects and has won eight blue rib
bons. He raises beef and dairy
cattle, sheep, turkeys, chickens
and goats, and also Is engaged in
a hog raising project under the
Future Farmers of America. He
won the county championship in
the meat animal products contest,
sponsored by Thomas H. Wilson,
Chicago meat packer.
Maxlne Wright, 15, Days Creek.
She has been seven years in 4-H
club work, has completed 38 pro
jects and has won 27 blue ribbons.
She won first prize In the cloth
ing display at the Oregon state
fair and in canning. She was
county champion in girls' record
accounting contest sponsored by
I.-.''. "v j
Huge Damage
Admitted In
Rome Report
Mussolini Orders Full
Civilian Evacuation of
Italian Areas, Sardinia
LONDON, Dec. 9 (AP) A
flight of British bombers which
took an hour to pass over the
English coast made the 1,200
mile round-trip flight over the
Alps to Turin again last night
and battered the royal arsenal
city and the Italian Fiat works
for the fifth time in a month In
a raid which the Italians admitt
ed caused heavy damage.
One plane was lost from the
large force of Britain's most
powerful bombers which delivered
the attack. Premier Mussolini
already has ordered Turin clear
ed of non-essential civilians.
Bv both British accounts and
the admissions of the Italian high
command the bombing was one
of the heaviest yet made in the
campaign to blast Italy out of the
war.
The Italians said the total dead
was not yet known. They report-,
ed that the single British raider
shot down plunged Into the cen
ter of the city, killinc all seven
members of its crew.
This morning after the Turin
raiders returned, other RAF
planes were heard over the south
east coast, headed for new day
light offensive patrols to keep up
the day and night pace of attack.
Reuters quoted a Geneva dis
patch to Moscow as saying Pre;
mier Mussolini had ordered
"urgent evacuation" of the entire
civilian population from south
ern Italy, west coast regions and
Sardinia, and had declared these
regions defense zones.
BERLIN (from German Broad
casts), Dec. 9 (AP) The Ger
man high command reported to
day that U-boats had sunk 13
ships totalling 108,000 tons in the
Atlantic, Including the 18,700-ton
British liner Ceramic which, it
said, was carrying troops to
north Africa and sank instantly
In heavy seas.
"In view of the prevailing
storm and heavy seas," the com-
(Continued on page 6.)
Motorist Draws 2 Fines
After Second Arrest
Two fines, totaling $30, were
Imposed in Justice court here to
day upon Donald Ray Orwlck of
Ashland, who pleaded guilty to
operating an automobile with
Improper headlights. Orwlck, Jus
tice of the Peace Ira B. Riddle
reported, was halted early in No
vember, given a ticket and cited
to appear In court. He failed to
make an appearance, however,
and Ignored the police order, the
stated. En route through Rose
burg last night, he was again ap- .
prehended. Riddle stated, and
was again reportedly driving a
car with headlights which did not
conform to requirements. He was,,
fined $20 on the first count, due'
to his failure to report as order
ed, and was fined $10 on the sec
ond count. He was continued In
custody in lieu of payment of the
lines.
Montgomery Ward company, Chi
cago. A
Marjorle Wright, 17, Days
Creek. A member of the 4-H club
for eight years, she has completed
42 projects with a record of 24
blue ribbons. She was a winner in
the clothing division at the slate
fair and won the championship in
the Kerr Glass company's special
canned meat exhibit. She Is coun
ty champion In the 4-H club can
ning contest.
The Wright sisters jointly won
county championship in the dairy
food demonstration sponsored by
the Kraft Cheese company.
Three other county winners,
Faye Place, 16, Glendale, county
championship in the dress review,
and John and Betty Mc Ginitle,
Yoncalla, Joint county champions
In the Victory Garden contest,
sponsored by Scars Roebuck com
pany, were unable to attend the
meeting, but they, too, will re
ceive medals.
Jay Hooten of Carncs, who was
one of the state winners In the
Future Farmers of America con
test sponsored by the Kiwanls
club, was present in company
with the local high school agri
cultural instructor, Homer Grow,
and was presented to the club and
awarded a cash prize of $5 post
ed by the Roseburg club.
Announcement was made that
the Kiwanls club will hold its
annual Christmas party for
members, their ladies and invited
guests at Rlversdale grange hall,
Tuesday, Dee, 15.
i