I
PAGE NINETEEN
i nont-mufi, precox. wtuxkshav. j im aiiy is, w.
EVOLVING THE AUTO- WSfiSB&Sr XSiZ. r C2SSr"3V ' T.V iJ
I II I Wlicci ana iasnions ruae care I A.J- ..-j Ll -oWR.. nfJV sr
1. Primitive man makes a
sledge, and agei later put?
rollers under it.
2. Prehistoric man invents
wheel and fashions rude cart.
3. In 14th Century B. C,
Hittites make war on Egyp
tians with 2,530 armored
chariots precursors of mod
ern tanks.
4. Chariot races of early
Christian ' era foreshadow
speedway classics.
5. Ornate state coaches
provide limousines for early
modern period.
6. In 1796 Cugnot makes
first steam carriage.
7. In 1887 Levassor is said
to have designed first auto
mobile with internal combus
tion engine.
white man's progress has passed them
by, but the Oriental still find them
satisfactory. The limousine of East
ern Asia.
Into Europe of the early eighteenth
century cume the steam-drawn horse-
tury. In the fourteenth century,
couches of the most elaborate design
end finish were being made, but their
use was mostly confined to royalty
or tliose of ample means. The Stntj
Cnrriao-e of Uavnria, for instance,
less carriage, antedating the locomo- de In the early Eighteenth century,
five, a moiibter which was legislated was probably the most grotesquely
out or existence Deiore ii u mure ornate vclncie seen ciuht wm.c
limn n Kenrr of vears old. Tile velocl- ilmt timi.. It was hand carved
pede and early'bicyele shortly after- wjth elaborate designs that covered
wards tooK its place. j.iinousines,
thee, of tlie Nineteenth Century.
Finally we reach the present, and
"Home, jaincs" sends our upholstered,
comfortable vehicle gliding smoothly
iilung paved streets. The limousine
par excellence.
Inventing the First Wheel
The sledge, tlie first mrans of
everv conceivable part, even extend
ing down the spokes.
Early Steam Carriages
In 1'Cfl ("ugnot made a steam car
riage in France. It was a great lum
bering affair that accommodated three
or four persons. But the difficulties
which beset the Inventor In his efforts
i liio i.,B(!nn Ntwl til lan-
iiimnn transportation and one that is attendant upon such a task dis
till used In many civilised countries, p,mrn.d h;m. Nothing much was
Risking Life and Limb in 1894
Progress In the general adoption
of the automobile as an economic
utility was slow until 1894. Those
who had the hardihood to venture
forth In a motor car were not only
the subjects of much popular derision
but they were also conscious of tlie
fact that they were jeopardising their
chances of uninterrupted health to a
very marked degree. In 1H94, how
ever, the Petit Journal of Paris, or
ganised a trial run from Paris to
Bordeaux and return. The winner
covered tlie distance at the average
rate of IS miles an hour, but the.
event demonstrated to tlie world that
the automobile would go mure or less
extended distances without blowing
up or otherwise putting Its occupants
to rxtreme hasards, and that It had
endless possibilities In Its application
to modern civilisation.
America Rises to Control Industry
The race for supremacy between
the European countries and the Uni
ted States In autnmobllo building
began. The English invented tlie
done wilh the strum carriage until
WHENCE come the automobile?
Search the encyclopaedias
and the answer is a date and 1:
a dissertation on self-propelled ve- s
hides. Search the text books nnd find was developed In prehistoric days.
onlv an amplification of the same And from that time on, all things j8l,2 whcn Richard Trevethiek made
idea. were dragged on sledges until an- one m Knionj. This remained in
Neither go to the source. Nor is other prehistoric inventor, many years ,lie invcI,tor's shop being improved
it a matter for wonderment, for the later, evolved the wheel. or rt.palred, as the cose might be,
source lies back, aires back, beyond Itut for the wheel, we might still unt w, when scverul other ma-,
the dawn of civilisation. In myth- ,c carrying our burdens piece by cllllPi of tns tnm, design appeared,
olopy, in legend or In the disclosures j,jccc, walking miles in our labors and TJ fnct (t wa durng that year that
of the archaeologist can it be found, making an awful fuss about the whole B rft;uittr jine f ,tea;n carriages ran
It begins with Tirehistoric man, business. ki.. . rl...ltnh..n mrl r'.l.... ...,
that remote and little known Indi- Chariots, the world's first real ve- eoTCTin- tne distance in the hair- Y'i
siuuiii, who, on.it.u.n ... - nicies, virrc i"i ..........; ..r..., raising spcu ol ten nines an nour.
Jects far beyond his strength, grap- both In war and in peace, it not only
pled feebly for the first laws of loco- required abundant skill to manage it, gpee!j Ljm;t pour Miles an Hour
B,otion' " l .first ,ne I10"" rTtn". The opponents to the steam carriage
Milestones of Progress without traces and I were i re. to roam J .nUtent ond determined in
Alnravn M..et. Wr, .h m"i. ' " '." A" " i'T' l'!" their OP.lOsition tllt theV WCfC able
.. j but the urivrr naa to or mosi u . ,,-,,,,. .hl.h .,
ous to keep his feet while his chariot scril).d that'ot thrce mca mujt
V-i",lM' ln--.. ,iven employed In the carriage. opera-
" Ml,c e . tlnn tlmt a mnn must nrorrili it whiln
in motion with red Untern or fUg;
that the maxlmuia ipecd should be
ruur niilr an liour, and that thrr
Bamr economv, sprru, destruction
and comfort. A strange company,
but none the less true.
Economy The pihherinp proto
types
the cren
are given
of mankind pushed and pulled rhiot Dar CXCPlience, the honor Is
rent rocks before their cavern " riv .mirded to the Ultt- V
doors, lmrricadinp themselves against . f , famous for their vie
treat animals that hunted men for . . a,., n iw,ti n the
treat
food. The trucks of the ancients I
The slaves of the Pharaohs, strain
ing beneath the lash of thei
tuiffjed treat stonp-brarinir
tlie buildinir of the pyruuiida. The
trucks of tiie Kpyptiansl
Wheeled carts, oxen or horse pro
pelled, hauled the mntrrial for con
struction from the Middle Ages to
tne dawn of the Twentieth Century.
The trucks of Yesterday 1
And now treat vehicles, potent en
gines of Mwcr, motor-driven, capable
of enormous burdens, make an hour's
work of what would have taken the
ancients months, the Egyptians
weeks, the later nations days. The
trucks of today 1
Limousinei of Ancient Timet
The wheels of time and progress
moved and the stately chariots, dec
orated, artistic, carried the statesmen,
the tribune, the emperor In procession
along the A r plan Way. The lim
ousine of the Homanst
Another circle of the centuries and
behold the elaborate state coach of
the kings of Europe, great lumbering
vehicles wherein progress was slow
but the Impression upon the peasants
great The limousine of Divine Kiglit
and nobility.
Into tlie Orient, a hundred or more
f ears later, an American missionary
ntrmlucrd the 'rickshaw, that two
wheeled vehicle whose motive power
was the barefooted coolie. Mis im
promptu Invention struck the Eastern
fancy, and today In China, India or
Japan will be found the same human
propelled carta ut ligltt bauibvo, XUa
were forhlduen ever to mow off
n't.:- ....k .1 4 1- 1 u
tories on the tie id of imttle.
1 Ith century,
lis itnln- 11111 T o ! that 11 discouraged further
r maYters. 11 nnd bought no lew t . an 2.500 t d nhanictraniporta-
IleXs to chNrioli onto the lie d which pnnrd 8f.vpral
lidTTte " force 8 ,rl?tlble 1 mt UZCl In 1HH3 Duller U believed to have
beat an ignominious
of these chariots
retreat. Most
built the first vehicle a tricycle
rere equipped wnn riltw.,l.d i)V an ntPrnal combustion
scythe-like knives on the si.lci and JntfJne Durng the same year the
fastened to the spokes, so that rr7' internal combustion engine burning
thing wiuun me iu w petroleum spirit was invented by
was mowed down as It swept across Jottle,h pftimlpr, and thus were
the field. Leard the Infantile cries of an lrs-
Magnificei.ce o! Medieval TimeS dustry which was destined to become
MT,r earnest T Jt
aia v-? LiJ-!..-;..! Mtst.v. f,;,.'rw'v.'?"Vi.:,':..i:f iv -
j
ST' "Ttt k i . . m. T .--.t iltCj l ,r i r Jf a- I IJ J t I V I I ' I
The First Automobile
multiple clutch principle, the detach
able wlieel oiid tlie 0 cylinder motor.
The Germans produced their Merce
des car which, fur several years, was
the recognised leader, and the French
developed several types that were ex
tremely popular, heing piooeers In the
Introduction of cars of tlie necessary
power but of compact design.
Allluii.irh the United States hod
One of tlie most Interesting points ,n,t 0,1, foreign comietltlon more or
In connection with tlie development e( successfully ever since 190i when
of the automobile Is associated with au((iniohlle became a recognised
A. M. levassor, tlie tint de.lgner. mrans of tranjportation In this cnun
lle was a member of tlie lirm of Ton- iry t vu not until the war that
liard and levassor, a French house dednits leadership was taken.
manufacturing wood working ma- j
chinery. During the rarls P.xhiblt Six Billions Is U. S. Investment.
In lwiT both Fanhard and levassor This has (trown to a point where
becsm. Interested In a motnr pro- the Tailed States Is a recognised
felled boat exhibited by Daimler, leader In the automobile field. Last
The boat made dally sailings on the year the ralue of eiports of motor
Heine and attracted wide attention, cars and parts was $Jili,232178 and
After the exhibit, I'ouhard and Le- the capital Invested In the Industry
vassor secured the French patents for was over ao.oonoo.noo. There were
the motor In Its application to the approximately 7,042T1 cars In oper
boat and llien it was that Levasnor atlon In th United States and they
made a design, using the motor as the consumed about 2,178,729,000 gallons
propelling power for an automo- of gasoline. At the present time
bile. He worked, nf course, with- there Is a ear for every 14 persons,
out precedent, bu, curlomly en- a higher proportion than In any other
ough. tliero has never been any country. What tha future holds la
runri.nnt.l A..,. in tha store, even the most optimistic ear.
designs which ba first outlined. Dot .venture. q guess. - jj;