0J
THE DALLES WEEKLY CHRONICLE, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 23, 1895;
BAFFLES COUNTERFEITERS.
Unlacky Opal Defies the Imitative
Skill of tho Moderns. -One
kind of opal, the hydropane of
Mexico, loses its beauty and becomes
dull and colorless when exposed to
water The same stone, says the West
minister Review, it is said, can be re
stored to its color arid beauty by subjecting-
it to a certain degTee of heat.
A writer on the subject says that the
opal is always much more brill " -.nt on
a warm day, and that a sharp dealer
will always hold one in his hand a
short time before showing' it to a pur
chaser. In ancient times the opal was
most successfully imitated by a glass
paste, which could only be distin
guished from the real gem by the most
careful experts. The art has been en
tirely lost, for the best counterfeiters
fail to produce a stone that in the
least baffles the connoisseur. The
finest opal of modern times, says King,
was one which belonged to Empress
Josephine, and which was called the
"Burning of Troy," because of the in
numerable red names blazing upon its
surface, while the reverse was perfect
ly opaque". "In the troublous times that
followed the Napoleonic period the
gem was lost sight of, and there is
left no trace of it. There are two
wonderful opals among the French
crown jewels, one of which is set in
the clasp of the imperial cloak. Em
press Eugenie is said to have a most
superstitious dread of them and would
not wear an opal few any persuasion.
Queen Victoria does not share this feel
ing with her. She, on the contrary,
admires the gem very much, and has
given to each of her daughters, or
their marriage day, various pieces 01
jewelry set with the iridescent gem.
There are many varieties of opals,
coming from almost as many quarters
of the globe. The opal found in Hun
gary was thought to be harder anc
more durable than those found in Uek
ico and South America, but since the
better development of the mines in
those places stones have been found
quite the equal of Hungarian gems.
SALT WATER IN CEMENT.
The Sulphates of the Sea Are Very De
structive. In the opinion of Dr. Michaelis, of
Berlin, the greatest enemies to the per
manency of the Portland cement used
in marine structures are the sulphates
contained in sea water. If there is any
great quantity of alumina and ferric
oxide in the cement the structure
breaks up sooner than otherwise. This
is accounted for by the fact that the
sulphate forms, with the aluminate and
ferrate of lime, a number of crystalline
compounds, such as bassic sulphate of
lime, - alumino-sulphate and ferro-sul-phate
of lime. These compounds take
up a large quantity of water of crystal
lization, so that the total volume is
much increased. Hence the weakness
and disintegration of the cement struc
ture. Dr. Michaelis considers that the
separation of hydrate of magnesia is
quite innocuous, for it is only displaced
from its solution in the form of a floc
culent, slimy hydrate, which, if any
thing, is useful in stopping up the
pores. His general recommendation to
users of concrete for marine work is to
choose a cement rich in silica and as
poor as possible in alumina and ferric
oxide, and to envelop the structure
with an impenetrable mixture com
posed of one part of cement with two
to two and one-half parts of sand of
mixed grain, of which at least one-third
should be very fine sand, and to this
the requisite amount of ballast should
be added.
CASTE FOLLOWS THE NOSE.
Anthropologists Say the Nose Tells the
Culture of Alan.
Anthropology, said Sir William Flow
er, is becoming of the highest impor
tance in politics. If we take a series
of castes in Bengal, Behar ' or the
northwestern provinces and arrange
them in the order of the average nasal
index, so that the caste with the finest
nose shall be at the top, and that with
the coarsest at tie bottom of the list,
it will bo found that this order sub
stantially corresponds with the accepted
order of social precedence.
The casteless tribes who have not yet
entered the Brahmanical system oc
cupy the lowest place in both series.
The fisher castes are a trifle higher in
the scale; the pastoral, the cultivating,
and a group of cognate castes from
whose hands a Brahman may take
water follow in due order; and from
them we pass to the trading and the
landholding classes and the upper crust
of Hindu society.
Thus it is scarcely a paradox to lay
down as a law of the caste organization
in Eastern India that a man's social
status varies in inverse ratio to the
width of his nose.
Tbe Most Ancient Sons;.
A topical song three thousand years
old was sung in a comic opera lately
produced in Australia by a traveling
Chinese company. The history of this
venerable ballad is authenticated by
the affirmation of the chief comedian
of the troupe, who avers that the song
has been sung on the Chinese stage,
with the original words and music,
since 1000 B. C. A Melbourne critic
says the accompanying melody "con
sisted partly of a Chinese chopping
wood, partly of another Celestial blow
ing a bull's horn with horrible intens
ity of effort, and partly of a curious
stringed instrument, which makes a
noise like an infant crying in the
night"
Ljite Flowers.
With the turning of the leaves it is
supposed the flowers disappear, but in
northern New England, and over the
line in Canada, the asters are
never more gorgeous, the daisies big
ger or the chamomile more abundant
than just on the eve of frost time. In
towns two or three hundred miles north
of New York the short but warm sum
mer seems to have its fruitage after the
equinox, and. the parks and gardens in
these towns are brilliant with mari
golds, zinnias, asters, cosmas, and even
sweet peas, long gone by in these lati
tudes. Melons are in their prime in
Maine when they are not on sale in
New York. -
THE RETIRED BURGLAR.
His Fondness for Little Children Gets
Him Into Trouble.
"I always was fond of little chil
dren," said the retired burglar, "and
once I served a term on that account.
I had gone into a house in the western
part of the state and rummaged about
downstairs, and finally got up and got
into a room where there was a man and
his wife and a little baby, all asleep.
The baby was in a cradle that stood at
the foot of the bed; not far from the
cradle, standing against the wall, was
the bureau. I transferred whatever
there was of value in the bureau and
then I turned to the baby; I couldn't
help it. I turned my light on the kid
to look at him, and it woke him up.
He stared at me a little and then he
began to smile and double up his fists
at me.
"Well, he looked so funny that I
chucked him under the chin, and that
seemed to tickle him immense; he
threw up his legs and his arms, and
laughed more'n ever, and tried to say
something; all he could say was:
'Goo o o ,' but that was enough.
You've heard of women so tired you
couldn't wake 'm up firing a cannon in
the next room that would wake up in
a minute if the baby turned in its
cradle? Well, when this baby said:
'Goo o o its mother not only woke
up instantly but she began to get up
before she was fairly awake; and all
the time she was looking toward the
cradle, and she saw the light long be
fore I could douse it. Then she
screamed and I made a great break
for the door.
"But the man got there before I did;
and, besides being very quick, he was
very able-bodied and not the least bit
afraid; in fact, he was a better man
than I was, and the upshot of this busi
ness was that I got four years and six
months just for stopping to chuck a lit
tle shaver under the chin.
FORMATION OF
HAIL.
The Agency of Electricity In
Icy Pellets.
Making; the
The formation of hail through elec
trical action, according to the new the
ory of Sig. Marangoni, is a very inter
esting, and even wonderful, process.
The wind draws out a cloud into a long,
narrow strip. In that form, owing to
the great amount of surface exposed to
the air, the cloud evaporates very rap
idly, and rapid evaporation produces
intense cold.
Dry particles of snow are then
formed, and these, by friction with the
water drops, quickly become charged
with negative electricity. But the
water-drops themselves carry positive
electricity, and since negative attracts
positive, a film of water is formed upon
each snow particle and is instantly
frozen into a layer of ice.
At this thickness its outer surface re
mains moist, the water not freezing so
rapidly there, whereupon the electrical
charge changes from negative to posi
tive, and the particle is repelled by the
water-drops and driven to the outer
parts of the cloud. Here the increased
cold covers it with snow again, and
friction charges it anew with negative
electricity.
Repulsion is now once more changed
for attraction, and the particle rushes
back into the cloud, receiving upon its
aurface another film of water, which is
turned into a second ice layer.
Thus, the growing hailstone darts
zigzag through the cloud, piling up its
alternate layers of snow and ice, until
gravitation gains control and sends it,
with a jingling crowd of its fellows,
spinning to the ground.
REPRODUCTION
IN
MICROBES.
From a Single
Two Million
Individuals
Specimen.
The old line of pseudo scientists, the
superstitious, self-styled "scholars" of
the early part of this and the latter
part of the eighteenth century, be
lieved that filth would breed microbes,
but, as the absurd idea of "spon
taneous generation" has long since
been exploded, it will not be discussed
in this "note," which is solely intended
to explain the manner in which mi
crobes multiply. There are several
species of these minute creatures and
they have various ways of reproducing
their species, but the most common is
what the investigators term "repro
duction by fissure." If, with a strong
microscope, we carefully watch a mi
crobe for a short' time we see a "con
striction" appearing on each side in
the center of the body. This soon
shows itself in the shape of a line
across, and then, all of a sudden, the
Hjicro'oe separates in the middle and
behold, we have two in place of one!
Each of these rapidly increases in size
until they are as large as the original,
when the miracle of the side spots and
trensverse line appears and in place of
two microbes we have four. By this
wonderful plan of reproduction one
increases to two, two to four, four to
eight and eight to sixteen until within
the space of five hours we have two
million wiggling individuals from a
single specimen.
The Death of Hannibal.
Hannibal was made an exile, not as
commonly supported, through Roman
influence so much as from the personal
animosity of his countrymen. After the
defeat at Zimma he turned his atten
tion to the political affairs of Carthage,
and inaugurated a system of reform
which he carried out so rigorously that
he soon found himself 'intensely hated
by a large faction of the Carthaginians.
Behind him was the honesty of the
country, however, and, finding he could
not be swerved from his purpose, the
rogues in office attempted to assassin
ate him. Finding that his death had
been determined on Hannibal left Car
thage, went to Tyre, and thence to the
dominions of Antiochus, whom he soon
enlisted in war with Rome. The war
proved a failure, and Antiochus was
ordered to surrender Hannibal, who
got news of the demand and made his
escape. Roman hatred followed him to
Bithynia, and, finding himself on the
point of being given up, he died Jrom
poison. The stpry that he once had a
meeting at Ephesus with "his old 'ene
my, Scipio Africanus, is told on fairly
good authority. ' -
Mexica
Mustan
Liniment
for .
Burns, -
Caked & Inflamed Udders.
Piles, '-y'; ;
Rheumatic Pains,
Bruises and Strains,
Running Sores,
Inflammations,
Stiff joints,
Harness & Saddle Sores,
Sciatica,
Lumbago,
Scalds, '
Blisters,
Insect Bites,
All Cattle Ailments,
All Horse Ailments,
All Sheep Ailments,
Penetrates Muscle,
Membrane and Tissue
Quickly to the Very
Seat of Pain and
Ousts it in a Jiffy.
Rub in Vigorously.
Mustang Liniment conquers!
Pain,
Makes flan or Beast well
again.
When introducing General Butter
worth at a Deleware political rally dur
ing the recent campaign, the chairman
capped a long string of compliments by
saying: "The gentleman commend
himself to your attention because he i
the father of Frank Butterworth, th
great American full-back." Ihe ap
plause at once became deafening, an
the general discovered that his son wa
even more famous than himself.
A little Italian wbo came to Rockland
last summer had never seen snow, and s
recent storm was a great surprise. Look
ing out of his window and noticing
some of the snow on the walk, he cried
out: "I guess one of the lime kilns is
busted." And then seeing eome every
where, he continued: "All the lime
kilns must have busted." Kennebec
Journal.
A Secret.
If all tbe ladies knew the simple secret
that a bad complexion is due to a die
ordered liver, there would be fewer sal
low faces and blotchy skine. Ibis im
portant organ mast be kept active and
healthy to insure a clear and rosy color.
Dr. J. A. McLean's Liver & Kidney
Balm as a purifier, beats all the creams
and lotions in existence and will pro
duce a more permanent tffect. Removes
bad taste in the mouth, offensive breath,
yellow tinge in the skin, wind on the
stomach and that dull, billions feeling
which eo surely indicates the torpid
liver. Price $1.00 per bottle. Snipes
& Kinnersly, Drug Co.
"But, sire," urged Marshal Marat
'if you take this step and it turns out
disastrously for France, what can you
say in vindication of yourself f" "My
vindication," said Napoleon, sternly,
"can safely be left with the American
newspapers of 1894-5." Chicago Trib
une. ,
Many stubborn and aggravating cases
of rheumatism that were believed to be
incurable and accepted as life legacies,
have yielded to Chamberlain's Pain
Balm, much to the furprise and gratifi
cation of the mffei ers. One application
will relieve the pain nn l tuff, ring and
its continued use insures an effectual
cure. For sale by Blakf ley & Houghton
Druggists.
"No," said the Boa Constrictor, firm
ly. "I am disposed to be accommodat
ing, but I can't afford to have it thought
I am charmed by that thing." .
With a scornful glance in the direction
of the girl with the chemic bair, be
thrust his head resolutely under the
blanket. The Idiot.
Mrs. Hartford I voted for Mr.Tewks
bnry. Mrs. Trotter I am' surprised at
that. You are a Democrat and he is a
Republican. Mrs. Hartford I know,
but he has such lovely black eyes and
such a cute mustache. The Scoffer.
Bnaklen's Arinca aalva.
The best salve in the world for cuts,
bruises, sores, ulcers, salt rheum, fevei
sores, tetter, chapped hands, chilblains,
corns, and all skin eruptions, and posi
tively cures piles, or no pay required
It is guaranteed to give perfect satisfac
tion, or money refunded. Price 25 cents
per box. For sale oy ; Snipes & Kin-ersly.
DOORS,
WINDOWS,
SHINGLES,
FIRE BRICK,
FIRE CLAY,
LIME and
CEMENT,
Window-Glass
and
Picture Moulding.
HE. GrXjIEILSrilSr,
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