I H 3
THE DALLES WEEKLY CHRONICLE, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 2, 1895.
NOT A MERE: FIGUREHEAD.
Victoria Said to Tmk an Aetlvo and Ban
ficent Fart In Public Affairs.
A. corner or tne veil wnich screens
the inner life of royalty from the com'
mon praze was raised the other day by
Mr. Bentoul, M. P., at a meeting of la
dies in support of the women's suffrage
movement, says the Westminster Ga
zette. Mr. Bentoul said his idea had
always been that, the queen was a
merely ornamental sort of personage,
who signed such documents as were
submitted by her ministers, And was
restrained from doing any harm by
constitutional safeguards. He had,
however, recently made the acquaint
ance of two lords in waiting, who have
been in attendance on her majesty for
many years, and the information he
had obtained from this source had com
pletely altered his views as to the in
fluence exercised by the queen in mat
ters of domestic and foreign policy.
He had learned that she is proficient in
eleven European languages, and that
she has during the last four or five"
years completely mastered Hindus
tanee, in which sho converses with
great correctness and fluency with any
of her Indian subjects who are pre
sented at court. Her majesty frequent
ly writes to every important sovereign
in Europe, and her influence on the
side of peace is said to have been very
beneficial, her knowledge of foreign af
fairs being most intimate and accurate.
At several critical stages in the rela
tions between European nations the
queen's personal influence has been suc
cessfully exerted to prevent war. It is
even alleged in court circles that her
ma jesty would have oecn able to pre
vent the Franco-Prussian war if
Emperor Louis Napoleon had not pre
cipitated hostilities on the Rhine be
fore any opportunity was afforded for
mediation. ,
IMPLEMENTS OF GAMING.
Curious Origin of Playing: Cards,
Dice and Dominoes.
India and China the Source of Tbass Pe
culiar Plaything! Some of the
Games Flayed by - the
Mongolia. i
LONG BEFORE PULLMAN'S DAY.
Benjamin Dearborn, in 1819, Thought
Out the Sleeping and Dining Car.
The recent Pullman troubles impart
a special interest to a discovery re
cently made by File Clerk Walter H.
French, among the archives of the
house of representatives, says the
Washington Post. The discovery is in
the nature of a petition to congress
preferred in 1819 clearly foreshadowing
the modern system of sleeping cars.
The petition is all the more interesting
because the power of steam used in the
propulsion of railroad trains at that
time was still in its infancy and wrapped
' more or less in vague mystery. The
paper is as follows:
"The memorial of Benjamin Dear
born, of Boston, respectfully repre
sents: That he has devised in theory a
mode of propelling wheel carriages in
a manner probably unknown in any
country, and has perfectly satisfied his
own mind of the practicability of con
veying mails and passengers with such
celerity as has never before been ac
complished, and in complete security
from robbery on the highway.
"For obtaining these results he relies
on carriages propelled by steam on lev
el railroads, and contemplates that
they can be furnished with accommo
dations for passengers to take their
meals and their rest during the pas
sage, as in a packet; that they 'be suf
ficiently high for persons to walk in
them without stooping, and so capa
cious as to accommodate twenty, thir
ty or more passengers and their baggage."
GOOD FIGHTERS.
Chinese Soldiers Are Fearless and Infinite
in Numbers.
Our knowledge of the modern China
man in battle has been derived from
the wars of 1883 and 1884 with the
French.
According to the French narratives
of the war in Tonquin, the Chinese
generals were deficient in strategy; but
the rank and file fought so desperately,
with such utter disregard for life, that
they generally won the battles, and
the campaigns ended in French re
treats. Admiral Courbct covered him-
self with glory by his operations on the
Biver Min, which ended in the destruc
tion of the Chinese arsenals and ship
yards, but the admiral had to make all
haste to withdraw his force; if he had
delayed, not a ship nor a man would
have escaped, says the San Francisco
Argonaut.
So at the conflict on the island of
Formosa. The speed with which the
French landed was outstripped by the
speed with which they reembarked.
French officers who have seen the Chi
nese in the field shake their heads
-when foreigners talk lightly of their
military prowess. In fact, the ques
tion speaks for itself. Given a prac
tically indefinite number of fighting
men, every one of whom is ready to die
on the field, it goes without saying
that it cannot be overcome by a weaker
force. .
Awed by a Glass Eye.
One of the many superstitious fears
that render the laborers from sunny
Italy co generally docile was recently
taken advantage of by a shrewd Irish
foreman employed on a public job.
There was a misunderstanding likely
to result in a general strike, and he as-
sembled the men together, listening
patiently to their statement of griev
ances. When they concluded, he called
to his side the bookkeeper of the con
tractor, a man with penetrating dark
eyes, one of them quite still because it
was artificial. The foreman stated
with emphasis, the only terms upon
which he would compromise, and the
bookkeeper kept his "evil eye" fixed
on the crowd. The terms were ac
cepted without a murmur, and the
crowd hastily dispersed. The book
keeper was entirely unconscious of per
forming any part in determining the
controversy.
Chinese Marksmen. .
The accuracy of the Chinese marks
man is marvelous, when it is remem
bered the gunstock rests on the hip.
In this way he brings down with great
facility birds on the wing, and even the
. snipe, whose zigzag course renders
them difficult to spot with the western
fowling piece. - In addition, too, he
nses no explosive cap, but fires it with
lighted fuse.
Who would suppose that playing
cards were originally derived from the
knuckle bones of sheep? Yet such is
the fact. If you do not believe it, ask
Stewart Culin, ethnologist, attached
to the University of Pennsylvania, who,
according to the Washington Star, has
made the study of games, from the
scientific point of view, his specialty.
The so-called knuckle bones are famil
iar enough, being used to this day by
children in various parts of the world.
They are the ankle bones of the sheep,
and are four-sided. It seems odd to
find that dice in Arabic are called by a
name which means ankle bones. No
body knows how long they were first
employed for playing games. One day
it occurred to somebody that a cube
was better adapted to the purpose.
That must have happened in very an
cient times, for the Romans of old had
dice which were just like our own,
even to the arrangement of the num
bers on the faces i. e., the six opposite
the one, the five opposite the two, and
the four opposite the three.
It will be observed that the sum of
any two opposite numbers is always
seven. This may have something to
do with the fact that seven used to be
regarded as a magical number. Of the
respect accorded to it there is evidence
in many passages of the Bible. The
most ancient cubical die known dates
back to 600 B. C. that is, twenty-five
hundred years ago. It was found at
Kaucratus, a Greek colony in Egypt.
The earliest dice were made in pairs,
right and left, like knuckle bones, one
of which was always from the right
leg and the other from the left leg of
the animal. Two dice were usually
employed, because they were two
knuckle bones. Mr. Culin says that
dice probably originated in India.
Prom that country they were carried
to China, whence they have been dis
tributed all over the world. The Chi
nese are great gamesters; they invent
ed a modification of the dice, which is
called the domino. Put two dice faces
side by side and you have the domino.
Dominoes are said to have been,
devised in the year 1120 of the Chris
tian era by a Chinese emperor for the
amusement of his wives. It is more
likely, however, that they merely ob
tained the imperial approval at that
date.
There are twenty-one possible throws
with two dice, so twenty-one dominoes
may be regarded as natural dominoes.
However the Chinese have doubled up
some of the numbers so as to make a
full set for playing thirty-two in all.
All over eastern Asia the customary
outfit of dominoes is thirty-two. Our
dominoes, obtained by way of Europe,
are only twenty-eiffht and are modified
by the introduction of blanks. The
domino game of Europe and America is
the match game. It is played in China.
but is an unimportant one among the
many Chinese games of dominoes. The
Chinese domino games are all of them
dice games elaborated. Dominoes are
also used in China, like dice, for. for
tune telling. That system of divina
tion has an extensive literature of its
own. The Chinese dominoes all have
astrological names.
In China cosmical names are given to
the numbers on the dice. Six is the
throw of heaven, ace is the throw of
earth, four is the throw of man. while
one and three are chosen to represent
the harmony that unites heaven, earth
and man. The throw of double five is
called the "plum flower," five and six
is the ''tiger's head," four and six is
'"red-head ten," one and six is "long
legged seven," and one and five is "red
mallet six." These terms remind one
of those given by negroes to various
throws at the game of "craps." On
Chinese dice the "one" and "four" are
always red, while the dots on the other
faces are black. Mr. Culin cannot as
sign any reason for this with certainty,
There is a legend to the effect that on
one occasion an emperor of the Ming
dynasty was almost defeated in a game
by his queen. The only possibility for
him to win was that the dice should
turn up "fours." They did so, and he
was so gratified that from that time
forth the "fours" on all dice were
marked in red.
lake an ordinary domino ol bone or
wood, enlarge it, make it of paper, and
it becomes a playing card. Mr. Culin's
study of the subject has led him to the
conclusion that this is the way in
which the playing card was originally
evolved. The evolution began with
the knuckle bone, which became a
cubical die; the latter was transformed
into a domino, and the domino, in its
turn, was metamorphosed into a card.
A domino with two "fives" on it repre
sents the "tenspot" of the pack. The
origin of "king," "queen" and "jack"
is unknown.- Possibly a little light
may be thrown upon the mystery by
the fact that the four sides of the
knuckle bone are called in Arabic the
"shah," "vizier," "peasant" and
"slave." The same names are given
to the numbers on the cubical die, the
six being the "shah." One of the
games played with dominoes in China
is apparently the prototype of whist.
Nobody knows when dominoes and
cards were introduced into Europe.
We, in America, get all our games from
Europe; we invent no games. Poker is
an old English game modified. Mr.
Culin says that there are no new
games; those brought out from year to
year are merely modifications of old
ones. Gomes are originated in primi
itive stages of social development.
One would naturally suppose that
the spinning die, called the "teetotem,"
must be derived from the same orig
inal source as the cubical die. Appar
ently such is not the case. Mr. Culin
has traced the teetotem to Corea,
where it seems to have had its beginning.
Mexican
Mustang
Liniment
for
Burns,
Caked & Inflamed Udders.
Piles,
Rheumatic Pains,
Bruises and Strains,
Running Sores,
Inflammations,
Stiff joints,
Harness & Saddle Sores,
Sciatica,
Lumbago,
Scalds,
Blisters,
Insect Bites,
All Cattle Ailments,
All Horse Ailments,
All Sheep Ailments,
Penetrates Muscle,
Membrane and Tissue
Quickly to the Very
Seat of Pain and
Ousts it in a Jiffy.
Rub in Vigorously.
Mustang Liniment conquers
Pain,
Makes nan or Beast well
again.
For Infants and Children.
Castoria promotes Digestion, and
overcomes Flatulency, Constipation, Sour
Stomach, Diarrhoea, and Feverishness.
Thus the child is rendered healthy and its
sleep natural. Castorla contains no
Morphine or other narcotic property.
" Castorla is so well adapted to children that
I recommend it as superior to any prescription
known to me." H. A. Abcheb, M. D.,
Ill South Oxford St., Brooklyn, N. Y.
" For several years I have recommerf3ed your
WaSWritt, Miu Hiuui wnnj'B iaiuuuuo mi o.
.variably
iroduced beneficial results."
Idwiii F. Pardee. H. D..
125th Street and 7th Ave., New York City.
The use of 'Castoria' is so universal and
its merits po well known that it Feems a work of
supererogation to endorse it. Few are the in-lellig-ent
families who do not keep Castoria
within easy reach."
Caklos !Lrttn, D. D.,
New York City.
The Centaur Cohpasy, 77 Murray Street, N. Y.
FRENCH & CO.,
BANKERS.
TRANSACT A GENERAL BANKINU BUSINESS
Letter? of Credit issued available in the
Eastern States.
Sight Exchange and Telegraphic
Transfers sold on New York, Chicago, St.
Louis, San Francisco, Portland Oregon,
Seattle Wash., and various points in Or
egon and Washington.
Collections made at all points on fav
orable terms.
Notice.
To the General Public :
The undersigned has thoroughly re
modeled what is known as the Farmers'
Feed Yard, corner of Third and Madi
son, adjoining J. L. Thompson's black
smith shop, and is now ready to accom
modate all who wish their horses well
fed and properly cared for, at Prices to
Suit the Times.
AGNEW & MeCOLLEY, Props.,
The Dalles, Or.
"Tie Regulator Line'
Tie Dalles, Portland and Aston
Navigation Co.
Bale Oven and Mitchell
STAGE LINE,
THOMAS HAEPEE, - - Proprietof
Stages leave Bake Oven for Antelope
every day, and from Antelope to Mit
chell three times a week.
GOOD HORSES AND WAGONS.
ESTRAYED.
Please inform the undersigned of the
whereabonts of a cow branded 11 on the
left side, with dew lap cut np. Don't
recollect ear. marks and other brands on
her. jan2tf Kobt. Mays.
THROUGH
Freiont and PassenoGr Line
Through Daily Trips (Sundays ex
cepted) between The Dalles and Port
land. Steamer Regulator leaves The
Dalles at 7 a. m., connecting at the Cas
cade Locks with Steamer Dalles City,
Steamer Dalles City leaves Portland
(Yamhill St. dock) at 6 a. m., connect
ing with Steamer Regulator for The
Dalles.
PASSKNOKK "KATES.
One way
Round trip.
.$2.00
. 3.00
Freight Rates Greatly Reduced.
All freight, except car lots,
will be brought through, with
out delay at Cascades.
Shipments for Portland received at
any time day or night. Shipments for
way landings must be delivered before
6 p. m. Live stock shipments solicted,
Call on or address,
W. C. ALLAWAY
General Agent-
THE-DALLES. OREGON
J F. FORD, Evangelist,
Of
Dec Moines, Iowa, writes under date ni
March 23, 1S93:
B. Mud. Mfg. Co.,
Dufur, Oregon.
Oentlemen :
On arriving home last week, I found
all well and anxiously awaiting. Our
little eirl. eight and one-half years old
who had wasted away to 38 pounds, is
now well. Btrong and vigorous, and well
fleshed up. S. B. Cough Cure has done
its work well. Both of the children like
it. Your S. B. Cough Cure has cared
and kept away all hoarseness from me,
So give it to every one, with greetings
for all. Wishing you prosperity, we are
lour a, Mb. & mes. j. u. ord
If you wish to feel fresh and cheerful, and ready
for the Spring's work, cleanse your system with
the Headache and Liver Cure, by taking two oi
three doses each week.
Bold under a positive guarantee.
50 cents per bottle bv all druggists.
DOORS,
WINDOWS, .
SHINGLES,
FIRE BRICK,
FIRE CLAY,
LIME and
CEMENT,
Window-Glass
and
Picture Moulding.
ZE3I. a-XjZEZLSriLSr
Assignee's Notice.
Notice ishereby given that John F. Root has
duly conveyed to the undersigned, by proper
aeea oi assignment, an oi nis rtai ana personal
property, for the benefit of all of his creditors.
All person" having claims against said John
F. Root are hereby notified to present the same,
properly verified, to me t the ofiice of Dufur &
Alenefee, in Dalles City, Oregon, within ninety
(W) aavs from tne date oi tnis notice.
Dated this 17th day of November, 1894.
nov!7dec29 " H. GLENN. Assignee.
ARTISTIC
PHOTOGRAPHER.
Chapman Block, The Dalles, Oregon.
Life-size Crayons a specialty.
A. DIETRICH.
Physician and Surgeon,
DUFUR, OREGON.
Css All professional calls promptly attends
to, day ana nignu
sprU
JOHN D. GEOGHEGAN,
Register V. 8. Land Office, 1890-1894.
Bmslness Before the United States Land
Office a Specialty.
Wells Block, Main St., Vancouver, Clarke Co
Washington. novl6
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