6
THE CHEMAWA AMERICAN
and we particularly commend and agree to give him our most earnest
and honest efforts to bring about a unison of action by and between the
various departments of the Indian Service.
We further wish to express our appreciation for the detail of Mr. F.
H. Daiker to this conference. His co-operation and assistance has been
of great benefit, and we believe his suggestions will be verv beneficial
in removing the numerous petty difficulties which some of our shortcom
ings may have caused at previous times; be it further
Resolved, That, whereas it is impossible for us to in any more substan-
t,al manner express our appreciation of the kindly offices of the Chief
pecial Officer, we do by this resolution heartily thank him for his ear-
nest and honest efforts both in behalf of the Service and the Special
officers under his direction; be it further
Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be forparded to Hon F H
S p ^ l ' Office7 Cmm’;SSioner °f Indian Affairs' a" d a copy for the Chief
C ommittee .
ho w tr ees
L iv e and d ie
T H E Y B R E A T H , E A T , S L E E P A N D ARE ILL
REFS literally breath, inhaling oxygen and exhaling
carbonic acid gas. The leaves are the lungs of the
tree. On the lower surface of the leaf are vast mul
titudes of minute mouths or opening (100,000 to the
square inch, it is estimated) which admit the air and
expel the carbon.
There are other openings, called lenticels, in the
bark, dots and lines which can be easily seen on the twigs and smooth
l.m ? “ t ?
h.elp. the 'eaves j" s‘ as the pores of the skin help the
lungs. The persp.rat.on of plants is technically known as transpiration.
le exhalation of water from the leaves is very great. That from a
arge oak is estimated at 150 gallons a day during the Summer The
evaporation of water from the forests is fully as important as that from
e ocean, if not more so. The ocean alone could not produce enough
rain to sustain vegetation.
®
The roots also are active in taking oxygen from the air. which is al
ways active in porous «soil. A tree may be smothered by piling earth
on its roots or hardening the soil around them and may be drowned by
keeping its roots water-soaked. Coal gas will choke it.
The tip ends of the tree roots absorb moisture from the ground, even