HONORS A oooooooooooooooooooooooooq reH,..rU?nli.S Trl, , FACTS ABOUT THE PHILIPPINES. r.iiuicr Mini hi.,1.. "mi.,1 .rntl,n,. -, I ne nuiuio or utn H,,,,,.,,,,' lllllldlllg. Ill IIUITIHI. oooooooooooooooooooooooooo I V A Hc II I CrO HE Philippines nro essentially I heterogenous. Some of the Islands are inountalnous, and others are flat; some nre muddy, syanipy, and feverish, others nro porous limestone, well-drained and healthy; some nro en tirely wooded, some are entirely bare. The Inhabitants present like diverg ence. The Moras of the south nre war like, active. Intelligent, with a civiliza tion as advanced as Turkey's. Tho Negritos are a diseased and dying pig my tribe, absolutely animal In their ex istence, less advanced than any known people. The term "Filipino" embraces Mnnila rabble and secluded Islanders, mountaineers and senmcn, priests and the cannibals. It Is necessary, there fore, to use only tho broadest terms In describing the group collectively. The archipelago Is a group of 1,200 Islands situated in the Pacllic Ocean, extending from latitude 21 degrees north to 4 degrees 45 minutes north Its length Is thus about 1.000 miles; i; greatest width Is 040 miles; the totul land area, aproxlmately, 115,000 square miles. The nearest mainland Is Asia, 300 miles to the northeast. San Fran Cisco is S.000 miles to the west. The archipelago lies wholly within the line of Capricorn and the equator. Its characteristics, food products, and peo ple are tropical. The climate Is hot and moist; regu lar observations have been taken only at Manila, whole the temperature has been found to vary betweju 00 and 100 degrees. Tho excessive humidity makes this degree more dlfllcult to en dure than In the temperate zones. As one progresses toward the swampy, low-lying Islands farther south tho heat, and especially the humidity, in crenses greatly. There are two seasons, the wet and dry the former lasting from June to November being the most disagree able and dangerous to health. Fever and dysentery nre the diseases most dreaded by foreigners, but dangerous localities are known and may be avoided. 'J. lie Philippines are the seat of na ture's passions. Earthquakes are com mon and violent; the volcanoes are the most dangerous In the world. Luzon Is the cradle of that terrible sea storm, the typhoon Islands' External History. On Aug. 10, 1519, there started from Spain with a fleet of Ave ships Fer nando Magellan, a Portuguese navi gator. His object was to discover a passage from Europe, west to the Pa cific. Magellan had vainly endeav ored to Interest the King of Portugal In his project; had become a naturalized Spaniard, and had obtained from Charles I., of Spain the wherewithal to equip his fleet. He reached the western coast of South America In December and turned south. As the season became harsher and the weather colder the snips' commanders mutlned, desiring to winter on shore. One was executed, another marooned. However, one ship did desert and another was wrecked. With three ships the great explorer con tinued south, and on Oct 2S, 1020. passed through the Straits of Magel lan to the waters of the Paclflc. He now shaped his course west by north, and In midsummer, 1521, reached Min danao, of which he took possession In the name of the King of Spain. He next landed at Cebu, in August, 1521, and was welcomed by the king of the Island. This monarch was baptized and took the oath of allegiance to Spain. Shortly nfter Magellan be came Involved in a factional quarrel between two native chieftains and was killed. Many members of the expedi tion had died, but the remainder, with two ships, ngnin sailed west and dis covered Palawan. Later one of tho two was lost, but the other plucklly continued Its way and made the first complete Journey around the world. In 1505, under the direction of Philip II., tho second Spanish expedition leached the Islands. The object was the saving of native souls; Inquisition methods were employed, and conver sions, though not valuable, were nu merous. In 1571 Manila was seized and proclaimed the capital of tho islands, to bo called henceforth tho Islns Filipinos, In honor of King Philip. The Chinese Emperor resented tho Intrusion Into celestial domains. Be tween 1573 and 1575 ho sent forth ten expeditions to oust, the Spaniards. Severe battles followed, but the Euro peans managed to keep their foothold. They never, however, forgave the Chi nese these attempts. At various times fits of resentment against Chlncso blood would sweep over tho Spaniards and crusades were organized In order to kill or drive them out. In 1C03 23, 000 were murdered, and In 1039 35,000. In 1702 England took Manila from Spain, but peaco was soon proclaimed, and the Islands were returned. The natives have been opt to revolt at any time. When they did so Spain used flro and sword liberally, not only to subdue, but to punish after surren der. Resources of the Islands, The resources of tho Islands are jrarlcd Itlce was Introduced from i i v yir lis. vt.HKii1!!)' nt ' c m Of 4 jil 0 C. S. A H ' raHMss., , sf vvJSa V'Wf-Rs'vt rV&Usif jr"v limn ' C E 3 H 3 isSsgZ' SEA 'in ii. 1 ""'"'in,'. . 'own.-. 1 Of Ii, 1 Heulptor Iiiin mhi . the hero on tlu fi.-i.i r llIim IllH (lIVlHlOII III II i lmrr.. . " """I lug IiIh ini'ii during , wtiiKiiliiMry HlniKk'l-H varying hiu'ii'hm i.v Potomac. Tint "1 r (, f"L'lil "r.. ,,f i ... l " H reprrm-iil, , r. )ni.(lS COMPItEHENSIVE MAP OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. China centuries ago. It has since be come the staple food of the natives on account of the ease with which It 13 produced. Tho quality Is excellent At present all the rice produced Is con sumed In the Islands, but much good land is not cultivated. Sucar cane Is grown extensively throughout the archipelago. Of late years beet sugar has cut Into the profits of this business, but with the removal of the various Spanish export taxes, with the supersedence of buffalo power by steam, and with the opening up of the back country by railroads, or at least highroads, the Philippine planta tions will reduce tho present Have meyer prices. Abaca, or hemp, Is grown widely. The gathering of nbaca Is an operation necessitating considerable care and conscientiousness, unc natives pos ccss neither of these qualifications, and, employing primitive methods, ruin the finer liber of the plant Observers say that machinery capable of prcserv lng these delicate fibers Is feasible. In that case abaca could bo used for gar ments, napkins, sheets, and even hand kerchiefs. At present tho hemp Is used chiefly for sails, doormnts, and rope. Tho Philippines will probably retain a practical monoply of this crop; Its cultivation has been attempt ed in many other places, but never suc cessfully except In tho extreme north em part of Borneo. Native tobacco has always been In digenous to Luzon, but the quality Is strong and bitter. Early In tho seven teenth century missionaries Introduced tho Mexican plant with great success. Tobacco plantations multiplied; the business became more and more pros perous until in 1781 it was made a state monopoly. Laws were enacted that all sales should bo to the government. A planter might not smoke a cigar of his own make under penalty of $7 fine. Tho government was not always prompt to pay for goods received; na tives refused to cultivate their land and lied to tho mountains; soldiers fol lowed and killed whom they found; at night tho natives returned again and fired tho crops In the field. In this way Mlndoro's once flourishing business has been annihilated. Spain now took an other step; not only must all tobacco raised bo sold to tho state buyers (on credit), but every family should own and caro for at least 4,000 tobacco plants. Tho abuses resulting from this last statute becamo so horrible that even Spanish officials protested to the homo government; tho Castlllan statesmen, realizing tho spongo was squeezed dry, repenled tho monopoly j laws in lbb-'. Even under such aus pices tho tobacco remnlned excellent, Since the business has been open It has Increased tremendously. Mnnila mim hers scores of factories native, Chi nese, and Spanish; several of tliein have over 500 operatives. Coffee Is grown to a considerable ex tent; the quality Is unusually good Little, however, finds Its way out of the archipelago. The cocoa plant was Introduced from Central America early In the seventeenth century. Philippine chocolate Is always spoken of well by returned travelers. Various minerals nro found In paying quantities. Especially Is this true o Luzon and Mindanao. Gold and sul phur will prove of value to prospec tors; silver, mercury, copper and tin have furnished returns, but the extent of the deposits Is a matter of Investlga tlon. On many Islands the ax hns never been raised against the Immense virgin forests; in few have Its depredations been extensive. Over a hundred differ cut varieties of wood have been clnssl fled. Among them we find teak; nnga, resembling mahogany; tlpolo, for mu steal Instruments; lanltnn, for guitars and violins; boxwood, ebony and bam boo. The Inhnliltntit. The Inhabitants of these Islands nre a strangely mixed lot. Malay charac teristics generally prevail throughout, The many attempts to classify the peo ples into various district tribes nnd races have failed, for the reason that pure blood of any sort Is rare. It Is safest to divide the native Fill plnos Into Chrlstlonlzed Malays, pagan jiniays, anu Mohammedan Malavs The first named comprise five and n half millions of the total population of cigut minions. They resemble our no, grocs in many wnys. They are music lovers, fond of the sunshine, sunorsii. nous, xuougn usually good-naturoii they are subject to fits of murderous passion, mature In tho tronlcs Is n Industrious that man need not nsslst her to any great extent In order to livo comfortably. The Filipino will not work as long as ho Is not about to stnrvo When he has mndo enough to live on for a month or two tho ex-laborer re tires to his thatched hut. smokos Ma cigarettes, fights his gamecock, strums his guitar, and sings lovo soncs in wlfo or sweetheart Tho natives of tho northern islniula nro called Tagalos. They arc the small est and least brave, but also most treacherous and trlckr of the irainiHn. and always havo been reckoned as tho poorest fighters; havo always been most completely under Spain's domlna- tlon, nnd have suffered mom accord ingly. The central group of lulnmls U term ed the Vlwtyn group. The Inhnliltantn called Vlwiyos-are Homewlmt larger, stronger, more Independent than lh xngniog. 'j he difference, however. I far less marked than Imtween our dlf ferent Indian trlbed. Trnveh-rn. In or dor to strengthen the fore of their distinctions and coinpnrloiiii. are hj to push them n little far. The -sharply drawn distinction between the Tush 10s and the Vlsayoss Ik not Juntllhil. The Moras or Molinininwliiu Malay aggregate less than a million. They iiinanit tne sum group at the south u me archipelago, parts of Mindanao, anil the southern third of Palawan one hultan, whose residence Is K11I11 iicMiowii'dged throughout these Im anus, ihe Mores are a fierce, fanat ...ii . . m-iiiuiiiiK race, who were never conquered by Spain. It H uiisafo for a wane man to venture among them 10 kiii uiriHtlnns Is part of their re ugious Dciicr. The aborigines of the Mauds nro ti. .-Negritos, a puny, nilwrulilc, dwarf race, as tne .Malays swept up through ..... u.iuiiiuiuuu lliu .NlfirrilfiM u-iini uinen into tne most remote ami un,.,.v eted parts. Though not of true negro niuuu, uiey are much blacker than the .uuiiijH, anu tneir Into cenco l t lower. Tho total number Is .mti,ni . fit i, r, r. ...... Iftliiin! of Luzon, Lliznn lu tlm !.. . ... wv IIIIKl'flL. IIH1HI imnniniia .1 . " l l'".uo mvai u-c-vuopeu, ami most civilized of iiiu 1 nuiimines. It IMS fin nmn m T i'"u nines, or over one-third dm Kituiu iwuif. 01 110 nn-ii in. n.f ..1 live-eighths of the wlu.i,. .7. 1 thn Olllv rnllo.l .. . . leu. it Is the scat of the .ni.u..i ....... winlnln. nn.. -..., im 11 jjiiv lining fig in.,,,,, ,...... crs as all the rest of the Islands put to gether. Luzon Is snimna,Mi . 1 . .. . r. nnn . . .. I" (IIIIMIUII IT'Z1 Of these, 80 per t l" " ccm, tent. --. . i..ilu..m J)UiCon tliotiirli the most advanced of dm i.mi . ?." 1, 0 dlSfrrnonf.,11., I ." . " " "I'l'mcs, 1 " "'"-'"varti. There Is mm undly managed rnllrnn.!. in io highroads, twen ?HK IIAIlrllAM T loxi,Sr native town mnld tin- i-latnlii, (,;, iKipulace, who Mtn-u 11,1. v.ay t laurel nnd with palm Tin cu' the Holiller priM iiilun mm j,9 Hwerlng the h I illation of ilc ,.Jl&. the motion of his hand cjauj&'ifij cap In nrriHtted at tin ml of thetim that lifted It from hU land GREATEST DEAUTY OF PARil I.eavr 11 Mualc Mull to lltccut Ui llrhlc of it I'roml Ku.ln l'ratt The lnot jn-U-d ai.d a ' j - Ix-nuty In Pari. I.n t .n il.. r it ti prlllCfUH. I'or limmlm ( ti I'i,; (., IntliiNkl, n young Hum- ,o .f a L j family and of grtat w. jii ; a -i wooing the pnny Pars little, IIHIL'H in innrrtli iv m i,, r" , i,,u "'Biiroads, twen y miles Inland, nro either lacking alto, try land n n.iVi lt" 1,10 co" iry landilnorfn m A coincUlencfHfr . . . of the plagiarist uul'eu pica I. A AVAl 11 I I flnnlly won her luunl and tuart. if1'! their marriage the couple WiSi u Home. Prince Barlntlnskl romm of a fintf that Is now mid hint long htcn I prominent In ICiihmIii. The llartiil nklx are now very rich and oe tlen, eMtates, mines and other rM' tl(M throughout UuhmIii. The PrlneeHM IlarlailiiHkl, who W hitherto been known by 110 othir nn than La Cavallerl. Is u rare I"' For a long time the PnrUlnM been raving over the btauiy of im woman. Ah a singer she wiw not ma of a miceewi, but her rcnuirliiible ! ty always nttrneted a lnrge concourH to the hall where she appeari'il. No Long-DlHtiineo Woorr. Itudynrd Kipling's muternal fnf father was Itev. (leorge K. Mtmo It Is related of him that In u-lii.M lw. miu onnrdnir die hub" v"ott he afterward miirrkil the father-In Ii-to-bo-an aged MethodlHt. wllli 5' triimnlf iilrl,. iinMiilIM III regit 111 I011" propertles-wiiH Injinllilous cnoapb a one occasion to enter the pn nor giving any warning of h.s iippnv mm... ,...u 11, ..I ii fouml IM 4 iiu uiiiint-iiuuiiLr v,i" -- . .. HweethearlH occupylnK single cua - lt......tw I... Ii lu MllOC'tllClC, l"' old man solemnly said: ".Mr. Slw aid, when I was courting Mrs. ,r" , she sat on one side of the room n on tho other." Macdonald s rem 'That's what I should have uouv had been courting Mrs. Hrowu. Quick Photography A Sheridan (Mo.) photographer m ho has discovered a process uy of which a proof of a photogrnpu w bo taken within 11 few momonts tho sitting. , Wl.nt ,na l.nonilin flf tllO Old-fO"110 , Ml wnmnn who laid iisldo tllCCaKCS"., fruit Bho rccolved at ft porty to homo to her children? If a man leaves no debts to bis 1 flron ho Jenvcs au Inhorltaiico good enoilu'li.