Wattflira CCounttj Chieftain
County Pioneer Paper
Established In J 884. Published even
Thursday by The Enterprise Press
Office East side Court Houst
Square.
Entered in the postoffice at Enter
prise, Ore., as second-class mutter
SUBSCRIPTION RATES.
One year $1.50 Three months 50c.
Invariably iu Advance.
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1909
PLURALITY TOMMYROT.
The Oregonian In its campaign foi
elections by purchase and graft,
brings the terrible indictment against
the direct primary that it allows
nominations by mere plurality! Well,
that Is no verv new thing. All over
Lhis country we have been having
plurality elections for many years.
Several presidents have had no.
only a minority of the total vote, but
two or three even did not stand. high
ets in the poll. And the government
at Washington still lives.
But the plurality nominations de
feet, if it is a defect, can be easily
remedied. The Washington plan ot
voting for second and third choices
where there are three or more can
dldates, gives a perfectly just method
of arriving at the wishes of the elec
torate. It is similar but better than
the wav a convention nominates
when no majority choirg appears it
the early balloting. Delegates whose
candidates chances are hopeless go
to their second choice. That is the
way it is supposed to work, but tin
fact is money, graft, political favoi
and other chicanery influence the
second choice of convention dele
gates, and often the first choice, un
til conventions have become a stench
In all decent men's nostrils.
And that is the system the Orego
nlan is fighting tooth and toenail to
re-establish.
CAMPAIGNING FOR CHRIST.
Everv honest, earnest effort tc
make men feel their personal respon
sibility to God, and to lead bettei
lives, should be commended and en
couraged. Good comes from such
efforts even when accompanied by
the theatrical furnishings of the
iiilly Sunday or Gypsy Smith meet
lugs. The slangy sermons of a Sun
day or Sam Jones are repellant tc
many people, but those people can
Btay away and there remain thous
anda and tens of thousands who are
attracted by the "plain speaking,'
and are convicted of their sins b;
such men when the milder, conven
tional preaching never feazes them
It seems the general testimony ol
the towns in Iowa and Illinois
where Sunday has worked for several
years, that the moral tone of the
communities is changed for the bet
ter, and there is an uplift in all good
work because of his visits.
The success of Sunday, Smith and
their like, does not however altei
the fact that evangelistic campaigns
conducted on what may be termed ra
tional lines, are more effective ant
more thorough. It is impossible ol
course to be a successful evangelist
without appealing to the emotions.
Christianity is not a purely intellec
tual process. The Father's love can
not be demonstrated by rule of three.
The heart must be touched, the mem
ory stirred and man's better nature
aroused. But the use of the spectac
ular is not necessary to do this,
with most men.
Dr. Pratt, who is conducting the
meetings in this city, is preaching
the plain gospel of Christ and has
met with great success elsewhere
and doubtless will here. If the great
Bible truths and God's love do not
effect conviction and repentance
there is an indifference beyond the
ordinary; one that it would take a
Sunday to overcome.
The high price of hogs is causing
an unprecedented rush of porkers to
market, not only in the Northwest
but all over the country, and it is
predicted that there will be a great
scarcity of hogs next year and con
sequently a continuation of the high
prices. This sounds reasonable and
it would be wise to raise as many
hogs In this county next year as
possible. Wallowa county cannot be
beat for good porkers.
Kills Her Foe of 20 Years.
"The most merclle3 enemy I had
for 20 years," declares Mrs. James
Duncan, of Haynesville, Me., "was
Dyspepsia. I suffered intensely after
eating or drinkng and could scarcely
Bleep. After many remedies had
failed and several doctors gave me
up. I tried Electric Bitters, which
cured me completely. Now I can eat
Anything. I am 70( years old and am
overjoyed to get my health and
strength back gain." For Indigestion,
Loss of Appetite, Kidney Trouble,
Lame Back, Female Complaints, Its
unequalled. Only 50c at Burnaugh
A Mayfleld's.
The Conquest
By Dr. FREDERICK A. COOK
Copyright. 1909. by Ihc New York
Her kid Company. Registered In
Canada In Accordance With Copy
right Act. Copyright In Men.
tro Under Laws oi the Republic
ol Mexico. All Rights Reserved
'
THE expedition was equipped at
t:iouce8ter. Muss. All was ready
on the evening of July 3, 1IK)7.
Ashore boys were testing tuoir
ireworks for the morrow of celebra-
lou. but nbotird, as our vessel, the
John II. Bradley, withdrew from the
,ilcr, nil was quiet. There were no
tailing crowds of curiosity seekers.
o tooting whistles slgualized our de-
arture.
An urctlc expedition had been born
without the usual public bombast
I'here was. indeed, no excuse for
Iniiior. Neither the help of the gov
rmneiit nor the contributions of pri
vate individuals bad been sought. The
iroject whs quietly given life and Its
xpeuses were paid by Jnhn U. Hrwl
ey. Its destiny was sbnni-d by the
writer.
Mr. Brndley was Interested In gome
lulmnls of the north. I was Interested
in the gniue of the polur quest. For
be time being the business concerned
us only. If the venture proved suc
cessful there would be time enough to
raise the bnnner of victory. If It fail
ed none had the privilege of heaping
upon us the unmerited abuse which
iisimlly comes to the returning polar
traveler.
In u brief month all bad been pre
pared for the peculiar mission. We
uid purchased a strong Gloucester fish
ing schooner, titted with a motor, cov
ered for ice and loaded down with
suitable supplies for a prolonged pe
riod. One morning the bold cliffs of Cnpe
Vork were dimly outlined in the gray
mist which screened the land. A storm
lad carried so much Ice against the
oust that a near approach was Im
possible, and continued winds kept up
sea which made It equally a difficulty
to land on the ice.
n Ice Free Polar Waters.
Though anxious to meet the natives
it Cape York, we were forced tn turn
ind set a course for the next village,
at North Star bay. At noon the sooty
clouds sepuruteU, and iu the north
through the narrow breaks we saw the
steep slopes and warm color of crim
son cliffs resting on the rising water.
Darting through the air were count
less guillemots, gulls, little auks and
elder ducks. We were in the ice free
uorth waters, where creatures of the
tea find a marine oasis in midst of a
polar desert
This kind of coast extends poleward
to the land's end. It Is the abundant
tea life which makes human habita
tion just possible here, though land
animals are also important
The people of the farthest north are
crowded into a natural reservation by
the arctic ice wall of Melville boy In
the south and the stupendous line of
cliffs of Humboldt glacier in the north.
Home of the Eskimos.
Widely scattered In small villages,
the northernmost Eskimo finds here a
good living. A nnrrow band of rocky
laud between the laud ice and the sea
offers grasses upon which feed ptarnii
Kun, hare and caribous.
Numerous cliffs uud islands afford a
resting place in summer for myriads
of murine birds that seek the small
life of the icy waters. Blue and white
foxes wander everywhere. Seal, walrus,
narwhal and white whale sport in the
summer Run, while the bear, king of
the polar wilds, roams over the sea at
all times.
The yacht dodged the Icebergs and
dangerous rockR in the fog about
Cupe At hoi, then turned eastward to
cross Wolstenhnlme sound.
As we neared Tnble mountain,
which guards North Star bay, many
natives came out in kayaks to meet
us. Some were recacnized as old
rriends. There was Myall, he of many
wives; Oobloinb, who bad executed
Angoagibsah, styled the villnln by
Gibson at Itedcliffe House, nud I'ln
cooia, husband of the queen, in whoso
family are to be found the only hy
brid children of the tribe.
Later, Kuud Rasuiussen, a Danish
writer, living ns a native among the
people, came nboitrd. With him we
got better acquainted during the win
ter. Late at nl'lit a visit was ninde to
the town of OouianooL There were
seven triangular sealrtln tents, coa
vouifiitly placed on picturesque rocks.
Gathered about these in large num
bers were men. women and cblldreu,
sliiveiiug in the midnight chill.
They were odd looking specimens of
humanity. In height the men aver
aged but five feet two inches and the
women four feet ten inches. All bad
broad, fat faces, heavy trunks and
well rounded limbs. Their skin was
vllghtly bronzed. Men and women
dad con I black hair uud brown eyes.
The nose was short, and the bands
and feet were short, but thick.
There whs not much news to ex
change. After we hud gone over the
list of marriages and deaths the luck
of the chase became the topic of con
versation. It was a period of monogamy.
Myab bad exchanged a plurality of
wives for n larger team of dogs, and
tl"?'e was but one other man In the
tribe with two wives.
Women were rather scarce. Beveral
marriageable men were forced to fore
go the advantages of married life be-
of Hie Pole j
Explorer's Own Account
of His Journey to the
Go&l Hunting Adven
tures Among Eskimos
IFIRST ART1CLE
n
cause there were not enough wives for
ulL ISj uiuttiul agreemeut several meu
liad exebuuged wives, la other cases
women hud chosen other partuers, uud
the changes were made seemingly to
the advantage of all, for uo regrets
were expressed.
There was an average of three fat
clever childreu for each family, the
youngest, as a rule, resting In a pocket
un the mother's back.
Dwelling! of the Eskimos.
The tent hud a raised platform upon
which all slept. The edge of this mude
a seat nnd on each side were placed
stone lamps, Iu which blubber was
burned, with moss as a wick. Over
this was a drying rack, and there was
other furniture.
On board the yacht there bad been
, busy days of barter. Furs uud Ivory
' bad been gathered In heaps in ex
change for guns, knives and needles.
Every seaman from cabin boy to can
tain bad suddenly got rich iu the gam
ble of trade for prized blue fox skins
nnd narwhal tusks.
The Eskimos were equally elated
' wttb their uud of the bargain. For n
beautiful foxskin of less use to a na
tive than a dog iielt he has secured n
I pocket knife that would serve him half
' a lifetime.
J A woman nnd exchanged her fur
pants, worth a hundred dollars, for n
' red pocket handkerchief, with wblcb
' she would decorate ber bead and igloo
for years to come.
I The midnight tide lifted the yacht on
I an even keel from ber makeshift dry-
dock on the beach, aud she was pulled
PR. FBEPKBICK A. COOS.
out into the bay and anchored for &
few -hours. Oomunooi was but one of
six villages In which the tribe had di
vided Its 250 people for the current
season.
To study the people, to further flu
courage the gume of barter and to en
joy the rare sport of yachting and
bunting In man's uortberumost haunts
we prepared to visit us many villuges
as possible.
In the morning the anchor was rais
ed, and the yacht set sail to a light
wind headed for more northern vil
lages. Ducks were secured In abundance.
Seals were given chase, but they were
able to escape our craft. Neariii
Saunders Uluud a herd of walrus was
seen on a pun of drift lee far ahead
of the yacht
Two with splendid tusks were ob
tained, aud two tons of meat blubber
were turned over to our Eskimo al
lies. An Eskimo Widow's Story.
Among the Eskimo pattsenTS pac
ing the deck was a widow, who, id
tears, told us the story of ber life a
story B'hich offered a peep Into the
comedy uiul trugedy of Eskimo exist
ence. She bad Hrrung.cd a den under
a shelter of sealskins ai&oag fhe an
chor chains. We bad offered her a
large bed. with straw in It. and a
place between decks as a better nest
for ber brood of youngsters, but she
refused, saying site preferred the open
air on deck.
She bud come from American shores,
and. as a foreign belle, her band was
sought early. Xt thirteen Ikwa intro
duced her to a wedded life not strewn
with blubber. He was cruel and not
always truthful.
Two girls graced their home. One
was now married. When young
est was out of ber hood. Ikwa took
tbe childreu and Invited her to leave,
flying that he had taken to wife
Abtau. a plump maid and a good
seamstress.
Mo nee bad neither advantage, but
she knew something of human nature,
and soon found another husband, a
good deal older, but better than tbe
first. Their life was a bard one, for
Nordlngwuh was not a good hunter,
but their bonie was nencaable. quiet
and happy. Two children enlivened
It Both were at bur side on the
yacht, a boy of eight, tbe only deaf
nd dumb Eskimo In nil the laud, aad
a thlu, pale weakling of three.
Kolb bud been condemned by the
Eskimo law of the survival of the tit
test, the tlrst Ixnuiise of Insulliclent
senses and Hie second because It wns
under three and mill " mothers
buck when the faiher paxxed uway.
They were not to participate In the
strife of life. Hut an unusual mother
loved them.
A few duys before I he previous win
ter the old father, nnxImiN t provide
warm henrKklns for i lie prolonged
night had ventured alone far up lot"
the nioniiinln. Ills gun went off acci
dentally, nnd he never returned.
The executor of the brother of Ma-nw.-8
former husband was kind to
ber for the Ions night and kept fam
ine from her door. In Hie summer
day she had been ahle in keep herself,
but who could provide for her for
the night to come? Her only resource
was to seek the chilled heart of ber
former bushand. nnd we were per
forming the unpleasant mission of
taking her to him as wife No. 2.
When we later saw Ikwa he did not
thank us for the trouble we had tukeu,
hut we had expected no reward.
The speed of the yacht increased as
the night advanced. A snow squall
frosted the decks, und to escape the
Icy air we sought our warm berths ,J
early. At 4 o'clock in the morning
the gray gloom separated and the
warm sun poured forth a suitable
wealth ot August rays.
At this time wp passed the Ice bat
tered and storm swept cliff of Cupe
I'arry. Beyond was Whale sound, tm
a sea of gold, strewn with Ice Islands
of ultramarine aud alabaster, whales
spouted and walrus shouted. The
grampus was out early for n fight.
Large Hocks of little auks rushed over
on hurried missions.
Entering Inglefield Gulf.
The wind was light, but the engines
nulled us along at a pace Just fast
enough to nllow us to enjoy the superb
surroundings. In the afternoon we
were well Into Inglefield gulf, and near
Ittlblu there was n strong head wind
and enough Ice about to engage the
eye of the lookout.
We aimed here to secure Eskimo
Silkies and with them seek caribou in
Olrlck's buy. While the yacht was
tacking for a favorable berth In the
drift off Kanga the launch was low
ered and we sought to- Interview the
Eskimos of Ittlblu. There were only
one woman, a few children and nbnu'
a Bcore of dogs at (he place. The wo
man talked quickly and explained nl
some length that her husband nnd
others were away on a caribou hunt
snd she told us without n leading qucs
tlon the news of the tribe for a year.
After gasping for breath likea smoth
sred seal, she begun with news of pre
vlous years and a history of t he for
gotten ages. We started back for the
launch, and she Inrlied herself to the
pleasure of our company to the beach
An Eskimo Trade.
We hnd only gone a few steps before
It occurred to her that she was in need
of something. Would we not give her
i few boxes of matches In exchange
for a narwhal tusk? We would be de
'Ighted, said Mr. Ilradley. and a hand
ful of sweets went with the bargain
Her boy brought down two Ivory
tusks, each eight feet In length. The
two were worth $150.
Had we a knife to spare? Yes, and
s tin spoon was also given Just to
show tbnt we were liberal.
The yacht wns headed northward
across inglefield gulf. It Is necessary
for deep sea craft to give Knrnah a
wide berth. There were bergs enough
about to hold the water down, though
an occasional sea rose with a slekeu
Ing thump.
The launch towed the dory, of which
Manee aud her children were the only
oeeupa nts.
Kariiub wns to be her future home,
aud as we neared the shore we tried to
locate Ikwa, but there was not a man
In town. Five women, fifteen children
and forty-five dogs came out to niaet
us. The meu were on a hunting cam
paign, and their location was uot ex
actly known.
Attahtungwnh, Manee's rival, a fat
unsociable creature, stood on a useful
stone, where we chose Co Ipnd. nnd did
mil accommodate us with fuutiu'g 'uu
the same plutform.
A Thrifty Eskimo Camp.
There were live sealskin teuts pitch
ed umuiig tbe bowlders of a glacial
streum. A.u iiuiiimisc i)U4!)tl('v or nar
whal meat was placed on the Wii
uud stones to dry. Sklus were stietcu
ed on the gross, aud a geuerul air of
thrift wus shown about the place.
Muudto of seulsklns, packages of
pelts and much li ury were brought out
to trade aud establish friendly Inter
course. We gave them sugar, tobacco
and ammunition iu quantities to suit
fh"lr owu estimate of value.
The ft woman entered her tent and
we saw no more of her during our
stay, for she did not veutu're to trade
us did the others. Manee was kluUiy
treated by the other village folk, and a
fVf Beaming with oily meat was soon
served In hor Loppp. We were cor
dially luvlted to partake of teasi
jut bud a convenient excuse, just bau.
Ing finished a meul.
Would we not place ourselves at
ase and stay for a day or two. ns their
husbands would soon return'' We w..r
forced to decline their hospitality for
Without the harbor there was too
much wind to keep the yacht waiting
Eskimos have no system of 8X
Ion except n greeting smile or n part
Inp look of regret. We got both a the
launch and shouted goodby
Aboard, the captain was "told to pro.
ceed to Cape Robertson. The wind
eased a fog cn.ne over fr,,in the Inland
ce and blotted out the landscape down
!!!,n ?Ut,a t,,0U8"a ""I. but under
tbls the air whs clear.
(Continued next week.)
OREGON CALLS.
"MORE PEOPLE"
Tass the word to your relatives and friends to come now
LOW COLONIST RATES
To Oregon will prevail from the East
September 15 to October 15
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'
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WM. McMURRAY,
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PORTLAND, OREGON.
Frightful Fate Averted.
"I would have been a cripple for
life, from a terrible cut on my knee
cap," writes Frank Dlsberry, Kelllher,
Minn. "wlJiout Bucklin's Arnica
New and Elegant
Furniture
Queensware
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AT
Uunsaker & Taylors
JOSEPH, OREGON
Same low prices that save money
for every customer and accounts
for our rapidly increasing trade.
J- D. WALCK
Real Estate Dealei
NOTARY PUBIJP
Mitchell Hotel Block ' JOSEPH. OREGON
To the Citizens of Wallowa Cpyntyi
It is our purpose to handle any business
fPtrusted to us in such a fair and liberal
manner as to matte &p customer rela
tion with this banK satisfactory and
profitable, t Aside from our excellent
facilities, this bank has the advantage of
a large capitaj and. substantial ljst of
stockholders. It is also a State Deposjr
tory. If you are not a customer we
invite you to become one,
Stockgrowers acd Farmers National hi
Wallowa, Oregon
MAIL AND
STAGE LINE
Wallowa. Appleton. Flora lo Paradise,
MONDAYS WEDNESDAYS and FRIDAYS; and
hm Paradise, Flora and Appleton lo Wallowa,
TUESDAYS. THURSDAYS and SATURDAYS
G0OdllCavwI?nt,Onb,.courteoU8 treatment and reasonable rat
weaves allowa al 6 a. m,
E. W. SOUTHWICK. Proprietor.
THE
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AND
$33.00
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City
4
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ft
!
" ' 'vowuv CAU COBl,
oaive. Wnicn goon cured nwi' h.
- iir
fallible for wounds, cuts and bmlMs,
it soon cures Burns, Scalds Old
Sores Boils, Skin Eruptiota,
world b (best for Piles. 25c. at Bur
naugh & Mayfleld's.
ENTERPRISE
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