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DEVOTED TO NEWS, LITERATURE, AND THE BEST INTERESTS OF OREGON.
VOL. XII.
OREGON CITY, OREGON, THURSDAY. AUGUST 15, 1878.
NO. 43.
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THE ENTERPRISE.
A LOCAL NEWSPAPER
TOR T H
rriar,BalHH nan aud Family Circle
ISSUED EVERY THURSDAY.
rilOFBlKTUB AND FUBUSUait.
Official Paper for Clackamas County.
Office: lu Kuterjtrivo Ituililius',
Ob iuvr South of Masonic Building, Main Street.
Ttrmi of KubMription
Single Copy, oue ytar. lu adyauce $J 50
Slagle Copy, nil months, iu advance 1 50
Term, of Adivrlltine:
Transient advertisements, including all legal
notices, pr square of twelve lines, una
k $ 2 50
Tor each subseijuont insertion 1 00
Oue Column, one year 120 00
Half Column, one year CO 00
Vurtr Column, oue year 40 00
Business Card, on. square, one year 11 00
SOCIETY NOTICES;
OREGON LODGE, No. 3, I. O. O. F.
alsets eery Thursday Evening, at .
1 " o'clock. In Odd 11owh' Hall, I
h.ju onuvi. jiumutrH oi Uiv i jnn r VV.
By order of N. G
REBECCA DEGREE LODGE, No. 2,
. j. j. r ., meet on the Second and
Jfourth Tuesday Evenings of each month,
at 1H o'clock, in the Odd Fellows' Hall
Member of the Deyrte are InviUd to
aii.ua.
FALLS ENCAMPMENT, No. 4,
v. o. jr., meow at Odd iillowa' Hall on
the Flret and Thii Tuesday of saeh mouth.
Patriarchs in gooU standing am invited to
attend.
MULTNOMAH LODGE, No. 1,
' at., nom its regular cuuuuuut
aUoua on the First aud Third buturdays
' .cu uiuuiu, ai i o clock troiu the i!0tU
bepteiuber to the liotb. of March- and
. viuva aum iu i"iu oi aiarcn to tue T
3uth of September. Brethren iu iiood stamlln are
BUSINESS CARDS.
WARREN N. DAVIS. M. D.,
Kieian and burgeon,
Graduate of the University of Pennsylvania.
Orrica at Cliff Uovkb.
CHARLES KNIGHT,
CANBY. OREOON,
l'liykiviaii and Druggist.
KPreucrlptiona carefully filled at abort notice.
ja7-tr
DR. JOHN WELCH,
3 DEXTIS T.
rriCH IN OREGON CITT OREGON.
Highest cash price paid for County Orders.
E.L. EASTHAM,
ATT O U Y- AT - L A Y ,
OREGON CITY, OREGON.
Special attention given to butineea in the U. S.
Land Office,
office in llyer's Brick.
JOHNSON & McCOWN,
ATTORNEYS and COUNSELORS AT LAW
OREGON CITY, OREGON.
Trill practice in all the Courts of the State.
Special att.ution given to casi-s in the United
Btalva Land Onice at Or.-ou City. Capr'7'J-tf
BLANKS OP EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR
Mule at thlitotHce. Justice of the P.eaoe can
get anytning in their line.
GEO. A. HARDING,
1st
T''EEP3 CONSTANTLY ON HAND A GENERAL.
lru;H and Cliemical,
I'.rfomrri, Koapa,
.' mfai Jtrii.laea.
Irnia, Suiiort,
Btauller Brarr k'unry and
Xollct ArtlelcH.
ALSO
Keroarne Oil, I,auin ilia nrva.
!". t'utty, I'aini, oil..
Tavrui.Uea and le aiuUk
POKE WISES AND LIQUORS FOR
MEDICINAL PURPOSES.
PATENT MEDICINES, ETC., ETC
te. Phyaiciana' Prescription carefully com
peauded, aud all ordera correctly auawred.
tiMa. Open at all houra of the night.
All account, must be paid monthly.
l,la:otf WARD & HARDINO.
W. H. HIGHFIELD.
talillwltert Hlnoe '4U,
One door North of Pope's Hall,
MAIN JT., OKKUOX ( ITV. OKCiiOX.
An assortment of Watches, Jewelry, aud
Vl Ihomas- Weight Clocks, all of which VV
are warranted to bo as represented. " SBaifi
, "Repairiiig done on short notice: andthaufciui
ter past patronage.
4 AIU Iwr County Orders.
JOHN M. BACON.
CALEB lf
BOOKS, STATIONERY
PICTUBB FRAMES. MOULDINGS AND MISCEL
LANEOUS GOODS.
rBII n tUE TO ORDEK.
Obbqom Crrr, Oregon.
aWAt the Post Office, Main Street, west side.
novl, "75-tf
A. G. WALLING'S
Pioneer ISoolc ISindery
Pittoek'e Building, cor. of Stark and Front St.,
POKTLAXD, OliEUO.V.
BLANK BOOKS RULED AND BOUND TO ANY
d.sised pattern. Music Bocks, Magazines,
k.wspap.rs, etc.. bound in every Tariety of atyle
knowu to the trade. Orders front the country
frompUy attended to. dotI, '75-tf
OREGON CITY BREWERY.
naving purehased the above Brewery,;
wishes to inform the publio that they are!
iu mauuiacture a o. i.
OF LAGER BEER.
As geod as eaa be obtained anywhe the State.
Ore.is selieitea aad premptly ftlle
Dm
anil
Apttaiy
Words of Strength.
BI SCUILLEB.
TLere are three lessons I would write
Three works as with a burning pen.
In tracings of eternal light,
Upon the hearts of men.
Have hope. Though clouds environ now,
And gladness hides her face in scorn,
Put thou the shadow from thy brow
No night but hath its morn.
Have faith. Where'er thy bark is driven
The calm's disport, the tempest's mirth
Know this God rates tho Heaven,
The inhabitants of earth.
Have lovo. Not lovo alone for one,
But man as man thy brother call,
And scatter like the circling sun
Thy charities on all.
Thus grave these lesson on thy sonl
Hope, Faith and Lovo and thou shalt find
Strength when life's surges rudest roll,
Light when thou else were blind.
Drouth on the Pampas.
The writer of this sketch recently
made the acquaintance of a youn man
named arthur Mooers, who came all the
way from the Argentine IJepublic to re
ceive the advantages of a Ne England ed
ucation. My young friend has been great
ly interested in the sketches of hack
woods life which have appeared in the
Companion for the last two years. Iu
return he desires to communicate some
incidents of life on the Ptmpas, where
his father, Mr. Preston Mooers, owns an
extensive e&tancia, or cattle range, aud
where Arthur's boyhood was passed up
to his thirteenth year.
The etuncias,or cattle-farms of the Pam
pas, are of vast extent, comprising from a
hundred to eight or ten hundred square
leagues. That of Mr. Movers, in the
Southern country, embraced some seven
hundred leagues.
An Argentine stock farmer not un fre
quently owns a hundred thousand head
of cat'le. Mr. Mooer's stock varied, year
by year, from seventy to eighty-five thou
sand. This vast herd wa3 divided into minor
heids of about three thousand head each,
aud eacli of these smaller herds was un
der the care of two mounted half breed
herdsmen, called vaqueros.
It is the business of the herdsmen to
keep the herd together, aud prevent them
from straying too lar beyond the land
marks of the owner's territory. Every
night the herds are driven into some cen
tral location and yarded.
The year lbl was a year of drouth on
the Pampas, and thousands of cattle per
ished for want of water. Even before
January which is the tecond summer
rnonth in that far southern country, cor
responding to July in our northern hem
isphere all the streams were dry, aud
the grass haJ become so parched and
crisp that it crumbled under the feet like
tinder. !
"All our cattle," said Arthur, "were
dependent for water on three wells which
my lather had sunk, lhe hrst of these
whs at a place called Grande Ilodes, the
second twenty miles from that, at Asado (
corral, aud the last thirty miles farther,
at a yard called El Capitaz. To one or
other of these wells all the cattle were
driven.
"The wells were each two hundred feet
deep. The old way of drawing water was
by what is terineu horse-buckets. A
pair ot horses, or a yoke ot oxen, drew
up the water in a great sack made of
hides, by a long chain that ran through a
pulley suspended from a high Iramework
over the well. It was a slow and tedi
ous process, and my father improved on
it by importing three Pteam-engines for
his wells. It was those engines that
saved out stock tht year.
"Drouth on the Pampas is a fearful
tiling. Never shall I forget the frightful
scenes at the Grande Hades well iu Feb
ruary of that year!
"About the well there was a strong
corral of timber, eight feet high, enclos
ing a quarter of au acre or more. The
watering trough, which was made of
heavy planks, rau round the outside of
this fence, being pinned hrmly to it
There was near four hundred feet of
trough in one range, so that the spout
from the well ruled the whole ot it when
the thirsty cattle gave the water time to
flow so far.
"We were troubled, however, to get
fuel for the engines, and lor lack of bet
ter we used the stalks of the Pampa
thistles. These thistles shoot up during
December and January to the height ot
ten and twelve feet, and form miniature
forests. The stalks, being two or three
inches thick, make a moderately hot fire
if well tended.
-"The pumping began during the last
days of January, and soon had to be kept
up night and day. As the more distant
springs and 'runs' failed, the herds came
to the well.
"Bj the 10th of February no less than
fifteen thousand head of cattle drank at
the trough daily. Two days after, the
guaclios in charge of the well reported
that the number had so increased that
the weaker ones could not get up to the
trough at all.
"The next night my father went down
tot'-.e pump, taking my brother and me
with him. It was with the greatest diffi
culty that the herdsmen opened a pas
sage with their lances for us to enter the
stockade.
"All around the corral for a quarter of
a mile on every side the cattle were
crowded together, all pressing in to get to
the water.
"Inside the fenca all was hurry and
noise, the tire flared and flashed under
the cloud of dark smoke, while the quick,
gurgling strokes of the pump mingled
with the shouts of the guaehos on the cor
ral, trying fo drive away the cattle that
bad drank to make room for those be
hind; for even after drinking the poor
creatures would not leave the trough.
"The guaclws thrust their steel-pointed
lances without mercy, and blood followed
every thrust. It seemed cruel, but it
would have been still more cruel to let
them linger, with others choking behind.
"The quantity of water one of those
bullocks would drink, if allowed to take
all he wanted, was amazing! Ten buck
ets would hardly have satisfied one.
"lhey drank with frenzied haste.
Above all the tumult inside the corral
roue the loud 6ucking noise of their eager
mouths iu the trough, and the constant,
intoned, plaintive looing.
"More terrible still was the deep earth
quake rumble of the myriads of restless
hoofs, which fairly shook the plain. And
the clatter of the thronging horns, with
now and then a deep "distressful bellow,
as some poor weakened brute was borne
down and trodden under foot, added to
the wild confusion. On every side were
thousands of eager, staring eyes.
"Morning showed no abatement in the
thirsty throng; and from all quarters of
the plain, near aud far, fresh droves could
be seen pouring in. Some came slowly,
in long liues that faded out of view in
the distance, while others rushed forward
in a wild stampede, all drawn by the far
borne scent of water.
''That day animals from other estates
began to appear among ours. Bullocks
of all brands came crowding up.
"It was Impossible to drive them off,
and no effort was made. We could tell
by the branded marks that some of the
strangers had come a hundred and, fifty
miles.
"The next day at noon my father esti
mated that there were seventy thousand
head of cattle in sight upon the plain
around us.
'Now, as owing to the great depth of
the wells the engines would not raise
more than fifty or sixty gallons of water
per minute, it will be seen that we could
scarcely pump a gallon apiece for this
great herd in the whole twenty-four
hours. Of course those who got to the
trough would drink ten and llfteen gal
lons each before they could be goaded
away.
"And it grew worse instead of better.
On the second day we could not get away
from the stockade. There was no way of
getting out but by running over the backs
of the crowded herd.
"The guaehos alone dared to attempt
such a feat, for to fall under the cattle
would have been certain death. And it
was almost as perilous to remain inside;
for at times the press to the trough was
so strong that the stockade, though made
of heavy timber and securely braced,
would crack and give way.
"The burning sun, too, made it still
worse. Only the guachoi could endure to
fire the engine and guard the stockade;
and even these inured fellows were some
times ready to drop, and were only saved
from sunstroke by constantly ducking
their heads in the water-spout.
"And as those fearful hours and days
dragged by, there was ever that low, dis
tressed looing going up, like one great
long-suffering prayer, to the flaming sky
lor respite Iroin its cruel heat.
"At noon of the 26th day of February
there came sudden signs of a change of
weather. Towards evening a terrific torna
do of wind and hail, followed by rain, with
thunder and lightning, swept across the
plains Ironi the south. "
"When the rain struck the struggling
herd it jrrew quiet in a moment. Livery
animal stood with its neck craned out,
seeming to absorb the shower like a
parched-up plant.
"For two or three hours the storm
lashed and drenched them. We could
not discern a movement anywhere in the
herd. The engine stopped, the water
ceased to gusli through the spout, yet
there stood the cattle as if turned to stone
till the rain ceased to fall. Then, for tho
first time in three weeks, it fell back
from the troughs and dispersed over the
plain.
"But the falling biclswjf the Fierd re
vealed a ghastly sight,- a pavement of
bones, horns and matted hair. My father
estimated that not less than ten thousand
cattle had perished around that fatal in
closure. "The scenes at the other wells were
said to have been much the same; yet de
spite the loss, the drouth left us with
more stock than we had had before, for
the cattle that had flocked to us in their
time of need remained in our herds, aud
not one-half were ever reclaimed by their
owners. Youths Companion.
Ithaca, N. Y., is scandalized over the
charges of profane swearing preferred
against a minister of that town. But un
der the circumstances, as the Journal of
that city publishes them, there is certain
ly some excuse for him. lie attempted
to make his way in the dark through the
sitting-room to the pantry, to deposit a
bunch of ihubard presented him by a
parishioner, forgetting that the house
cleaning had commenced. The wretched
girl had left a pail of soft soap near the
door, over which he accidentally stum
bled. Making a herculean effjrt to save
himself he grabbed for something with
both hands, and as he alighted firmly on
his stomach he pulled down on top of
him a table full of crockery. Bising
promptly to his feet he made a push for
the match safe, but happening to plant
his foot in a puddle of the soft soap he
promptly sat down in a tub of preserved
fruits. His poor, tired wife, who had
retired early, was roused from her slum
bers, and thinking that burglars were
abroad, shrieked for help,. to which the
hired girl responded, rushing into the
room and tumbling headlong over the
man in the wash tub. At this point, as
might be expected, he swore, as alleged.
Of Lord BeaconsGeld innumerable mots
are just now current. Llere is one: "A
Conservative peer was expressing to the
Premier the anxiety with which he looked
forward to his prolonged absence from
England. 4It won't be a long business,'
waa the reassuring reply; and, after a
pause, Lord Beaconsfield added, 'We
mean to carry the position by a koo di
niang' (coup-de-main). The peerin ques
tion moved away, muttering aa he -went,
Thir mnv air what tkcv like about his
about his character be
ing un-English; but, at any rate, there is
one thing that is nnmistaKaoiy uruisn,
and that is his D rencn.
1 COURTESY OF BANCROFT LIBRARY,
I . v -r -r- " TT .
Soft Soap.
In the good old times with what fear
and trembling did the young housewife
essay making soap for the first time after
marriage. The old wives' fable had
turned the soap barrel' into a horoscope
wherin the bride might read her fate. If
the soap were good, peace and plenty
would follow through all her days, but
woe unto her if ill luck befell her, for so
would poverty aud trials beset her path
way. We wonder how many sorrowing
women have looked back to that first
trial and failure as the fate which turned
their fortunes! Let; the present house
keeper rejoice that, she lives iu the light
of to-day, when all ti: world knows that
nothing comes by tjy.jf. nt even soap,
but according to m.uiote laws certain
effects will ever follow certain causes. So
may she pluck up courage, for if the
soap be a failure it need not follow that
a cloud is forever to hang over her life,
and if good, let her not rest upon that
laurel, but know that success in all the
walks of life only crowns continuous ef
fort, and if failing once she must try
again, writing upon the border of her
garments, ''Patience and perseverance
conquer all things." To those who have
ash-houses, leaches built in the most ap
proved style, with mighty cauldrons for
boiling the soap, this homily is scarcely
addressed, but to tho village housewife
who, if she have any soft soap at all,
must make it herself, and with such ma
terials as she may happen to have. We
will suppose that since the cool days in
the fall she has been saving the scraps
aud grease she could not otherwise use,
and saving the ashes when cold in bar
rels at a safe distance from the house,
for if a live coal 6hould happen to get
into the barrels and fire them, unlucky
soap it 'would be indeed, before ever it
was made to burn up her house. The
leach can be prepared wherever con
venient. JLay some blocks of wood on
the ground in Buch a way that the top
may incline a little; oo this lay some
thing trom which the lye can run; if the
side of au old stove can be found it an
swers the purpose well, and on this struc
ture stand a barrel, boring some holes in
the bottom of it. Into this pile loosely
some corn-cobs and straw, and till the
barrel with ashes packing them down, a
very little water added accelerates this.
Hard wood ashes, oak or maple, should
be used. Three or four days before
wishing to make the soap commence
pouring on the water, a little warm at
first, a Bmall pailful every three or four
hours, covering the leach at night and
during the day if it looks like rain. When
the lye commences to run place an old
pail or bucket of some sort under the
piece of iron. If the soap is wanted for
use as soon as possible, then nil a kettle
half full of crease, pour on enough
lye to cover (pouring water on the leach
as fast as the lye is withdrawn from the
bottom), plac on the stove and cook un
til it boils well, watching it closely that
it doesn't boil over, and pour into the
barrel ready to receive it. Tho barrel
should be of pine, half-barrels such as
are used for nsh, or cleansed molasses
barrels; lye warps oak so that barrels
made of it can bo used but one season.
See that all the bungs are in tight, with
no danger of coming out when the soap
is stirred. The lye in which the grease
is cooked should be strong and very dark-
colored, aud when the grease is all cooked
the barrel can be filled up with weaker
lye, but not too weak. When the lye
grows ligbt in color remove the ashes
trom the leach, till up with new, and
draw off as before. Three barrels of
ashes should make a large barrel of soap.
But by far the easier way is to make cold
soap. It is not bo soon, ready for use, but
is really nicer, and saves carrying a heavy
kettle back and forth with the attendant
danger of being scalded when the boil
ing mass is being poured into the barrel,
and last, but not least, is void ol that
"offense that smells to heaven." Simply
put all the grease at once into the barrel,
pouring the lye on to it and stirring fre
quently. If the lye is strong the soap
willsoon come; if too thick, dilute with
weak lye or rain-water. We have said
nothing of straining the soap, the ordi
nary scraps saved from cooking need
nothing of the sort. Lye can be put into
a second barrel, and the grease through
the summer can be put into it, making
soap of itself. A good barrel of soap is
a "beauty and a joy" to the housekeeper,
appealing both to her esthetic and re
ligious sense; to the first, as it breaks into
a quivering mass of imprisoned golden
hues; to the second, as "cleanliness is
next to godliness," and in scrubbing and
cleaning, in the washing of all but
colored prints, what can be nicer than
soft soap? Pioneer Press.
Bites and Stings. Apply instantly,
with a soft rag, most freely, spirits of harts
horn. The venom of stings being an
acid, the alkali nullifies them. Fresh
wood ashes, moistened with water, and
made into a poultice, frequently renewed,
is an excellent substitute, or soda or sal
eratus, all being alkalies. To be on the
safe side, in case of snake or mad-dog
bites, drink brandy, whisky, rum or
other spirits, as free as water a teacup
ful, or a pint or more, according to the
aggravation of the circumstances.
Remedy for Obesity. Fucus Vesi
culoaus, a marine plant commonly known
as "bladder wrack," a kind of sea-weed,
has been found to be an effectual remedy
in the treatment of morbid corpulence,
without suffering or disturbance of the
general health. A fluid extract of this
article has beeu prepared, and can be
obtained from druggists. The usual
strength of one grain to the minim is
followed, and the dose for an adult is
one -half to two teaspoonfuls, taken
before each meal.
For Catarrh. One teaspoonful of
mustard dissolved in a tumblerful of cold
water; gargle night and morning, or of-
tener if convenient. Or, take equal
quantities of pulverized alum and loaf
sugar use as a snuff.
Nettlb Rash. Mix equal parts of
sulphur and cream of tartar; take a spoon
ful three mornings, and omit three. The
same ia also an excellent remcdr for
hives. Try it, ye afflicted.
A Gypsy Princess' Wedding.
The daughter of the "queen of the
gypsies" is to be married at Fall Creek,
N. Y., to-day, and there is much local in
terest in the affair. The Ithaca Journal
says: The ladies of our village are par
ticularly delighted over the approaching
nuptials of the Bjhemiam subject with
a princess royal. The gathering of the
tribes Kt this point is to commence next
week, and a large assembling is assured.
From the few faithful already here a few
facts have been gleaned. These people
represent the remainder of the real no
mandic race of gypsies now existing in
this state and a portion of Pennsylvania.
Two-thirds of the people called gypsies
are "poor white trash," scum of this and
foreign lands, with no amb'tion above a
full clothes-line and a dark night, and no
comfort not purely animal. The genuine
people who "tell you of the future," if
their palms be crossed witH silver, are
loud in their condemnation of the "Irish
tramps on wheels" who, going before
them, prejudiced townspeople against all
oftheirilkby impositions in the shape
of lace and outrageous steals in horse
trades or any other way possible. So
none but the simon-pure will be tolerated
at the coming wedding. They are a most
curious people, and many of the most
ancient and mystic of their traditionary
customs and rules will be displayed in
solemnizing this union.
More than ordinary stress is laid by
them upon the coming matrimonial event,
because it is not only a royal'weddiug,
but the first that has occurred among
them in twenty-three years. The queen
of the gypsies and mother of the bride
has almost absolute power over her sub
jects, and is more feared than admired
by them. Her directions to the tribes
are enforced by secret and sure, but not
always scrupulous or commendable
measures, bhe is reputed to have ac
cumulated considerable means, but no
one but herself knows the amount of her
wealth or the manaer of its investment.
Her horses and wagons and appointments
therein are pronounced to be very grand.
The daughter and bride is described as
an only child, and the heiress to the throne
of the Gypsies beyond the power of the
queen to prevent provided she lives.
She is said to be a beautiful girl of true
Oriental type, over which poets have
raved from time immemorial, a tall, lithe.
and perfectly rounded figure, small
hands and feet, 'the blackest of hair and
eyes, the blush of health breaking
through the dusky cheek giving a glori
ous contrast to the whitest of teeth. Of
the happy groom but little can be learned,
except that he is a young and powerful
man of "many horses." The ceremony is
to occur In the open air under a gorgeous
canopy, and in the presence of all the
loyal ot the race that can be gathered at
this point. The date is now fixed fr the
2d of June, one week from next Sunday,
and doubtles it the day proves fair hun
dreds of people from this community
will witness the strange union in addition
to the invited guests.
Home Life a Hundred Years Ago.
One hundred years ago not a pound of
coal or cubic toot ot illuminating gas had
been burned in the country. Jso iron
stoves were used, and no contrivances for
economizing heat were employed until
Dr. franklin invented the iron-framed
tire-place, which still bears his name.
All the cooking and warming- in town
and country were done by the aid of fire
kindled upon the brick hearth or in the
brick oven. Pine knots or tallow candles
furnished the light for the long winter
nights, and sanded floors supplied the
place of rugs and carpets. The water
used lor household purposes was drawn
from deep wells by the creaking "sweep."
No form of pump was used in tins
country, so far as we can learn, until after
the present century. There were no fric
tion matches in those early days, by the
aid of which a fire could be speedily
kindled; and if the "fire went out" upon
the hearth over night, and the timber
was damp so that the spark would not
catch, the alternative remained of wading
through the snow a mile or so, to borrow
a brand of a neighbor.
Only one room in any house was warm
unless some one of the family was ill; in
all the rest the temperature was at zero
during many nights in the winter. The
men aud wemen of a hundred years ago
undressed and went to their beds in a
temperature colder than our modern
barns and wood-sheds, and they never
complained. Home Journal.
Legal Actions Aoaikst Animals.
Proceedings against animals by regular
suit in a court law for trespass, damage
or murder were a strange feature of the
Middle Ages. Capital punishment was
inflicted by the executioner on swine for
killing children, or oxen for goring peo
ple to death. In France up to the year
17-40 there were nearly 100 cases of act
ions against animals on record. In one
case an action was brought against cer
tain rats for damages. They were sum
moned into court and an advocate was
appointed to conduct their defence. The
lawyer at first contended that all the rats
in the diocese where the damage was
dene ought to appear. As a matter of
course, every clergyman in the diocese
was directed to summon the rats. On
thir non appearance, their advocate
pleaded ag and infirmity, sickness or
youth, as a reason for an extension of
time. On the second cititation a plea of
intimidation by certain cats was put in
and the rats demanded full protection
from their feline foes on their way to and
on their return from court. This led to
the non-suiting of the plaintiffs, who were
not prepared to guarantee the necessary
protection, which the court regarded as
a reasonable objection on the part of the
defendants' attorney; and it was in such a
case, it is said, that one of the most emi
nent French lawyers first attracted pub
lic attention before he rso to fame and
fortune 1
I he Cobden club of London has
passed resolutions of regret on the death of
Jtsryant, one of its oldest honorary mem-
Den.
Turkish Kevolutienists.
A Constantinople correspondent of The
Philadelphia Press writes: Should it
become necessary to depose Abdul Ha
mid, it will be done silently and sudden
ly by the cabinet, as in the caseot Abdul
Aziz. The lrealth and nervous system of
the present sultan are badly shattered,
and it may be advisable to get him out
of tho way ero long, and the more so, as
he is disposed to lean on foreign support
for his own protection. His legal suc
cessors are his two brothers, but neither
of them is fit to reign. They will have
to be set aside, aud the sou of Abdul
Aziz, Prince Izzeddin, raised to the
throne. He is now in his majority. His
father contemplated setting aside his
nephews, and having the law changed so
that the succession might be direct in the
lineal line, and not to the eldest male.
This was a cherished object of his ambi
tion, aud had he lived, it would have been
accomplished. ' Although Izzeddin is not
educated up to the staudard of a Chris
tian royal prince, he received a more than
average amount of instruction iu the
principal branches of knowledge. He
was not shut up in the harem; he was
sent to the military school, taught mili
tary exercises, attended reviews with his
father, was enrolled in the imperial
guard, and finally became commander of
it. He was presented to the members of
the diplomatic corps, and made ac
quainted with government routine and
court ceremonies. He is the only one of
the princes living who has led an open
air life,, mingled with the troops and the
people, and taken an interest in public
affairs, lie has had a training which his
cousins have not. He possesses all the
harsher traits of his father, and a culti
vated intelligence which his father was
wanting in. He is severe, reserved, firm,
and determined, rough and imperious in
manner, with a will of his own. He has
lived in troublous times, lie knows well
the men of the day, their value, and how
far they are to he trusted, and he knows
the perils to which the empire is exposed,
and what efforts must be made to save it
from ruin. If he becomes sultan he will
not be a puppet in the hands of the min
isters, lie is said to bear a strong
hatred to Midhat Pasha, aud to others
connected with the dethronement and
death of his father. Were it not for the
knowledge of thi3 fact, it is highly prob
able that he would have already been
proclaimed sultan. What hope there is
left for the country in the character and
personal qualities of the sultan is con
centrated in Izzeddin. In the early part
of this correspondence I predicted his
elevation to the throne, and I still hold
to the opinion that he is the coming man.
Demagogues in Literature.
As a great writer has truly said, "the
writings by which one can live are not the
writings by which they themselves live.
To inluse into a book deep thought that
will strain the attention of the reader; to
defend unpopular opinions or open new
veins of thought; to condense into a
small space the reflections and researches
of a life-time; to grapple with subjects
that involve subtle distinctions or close
and complicated reasoning, is a course
plainly contrary to the pecuniary interest
of an author. ... A skillful writer
who looks only to the market, will speed
ily perceive that the taste of the great
majority of readers is an uncultivated
one, and that if he desires to be popular
he must labor deliberately to gratify it.
If his talent take the form of books, he
will expand his thoughts into many
brilliaut, gaudy, and superficial volumes,
rapidly written aud easily read; and, re
membering that most men read only for
amusement he will avoid any subject
tnat can latigue attention or shock preju
dices, and especially every form of pro-
lound, minute, and laborious investiga
tion. There are demagogues in literature
as well a3 in politics. There is a degra
dation of style springing from a thirst
for popularity which is at least as bad as
the pedantry of scholars; and a desire to
conform to middle class prejudices may
produce quite as real a servility as the
patronage of aristocracies or of courts.
. . Very few of those men whose
genius has irradiated nations, and whose
writings have become the eternal heritao-e
of mankind, obtained for their works the
income of a successful village doctor or
provincial attorney. Lecky, The Later His
tory of England.
Men Living- in Trees.
In his recent work of travels Around
the World, Dr. Field made reference
to a race of human beings, inhabit
ants , of Malasia, who live in trees,
roosting on the branches like the sloth,
monkey and wild-cat. Captain Codman
of this city has been to Malasia; but he
has not seen any such men, and, unaware
that others bad seen them notably 3Ir.
Wallace in nis visit to the Malay archi
pelago and that the fact was fully es
tablished, he plumply denied the exist
ence of such people. Quite a contro
versy has since been carried on in the
press on the subject; 8nd now Professor
James D. Dana being applied to, sets the
matter at rest. He says "there is no
doubt in regard to the existence of the
small degraded race in the Malay archipel
ago, tneir living in trees, without fixed
d wellings, their going naked, leading the
uie ot a brute, and that of the most dis
gusting kind." He himself saw one of
them when at manilia in the Wilkes Ex
ploring Expedition. Dr. S. Wells Wil
liams, whe has lived more than forty
years in Eastern Asia, also says that the
French found such people in the interior
f Cambodia, a full account of which is
given in the Jievue des Deux Mondes.
They lived in trees, to be out of the way
of tigers and other wild beasts. Chris
tian at Work.
An Englishman was boasting to a
Yankee that they had a book in the
British Museum which was once owned
by Cicero. "Oh, that ain't nothin" re
torted the Yankee; "in the museum in
Boston they've got the lead-pencil that
Noah used to check off the animala that
went into the ark.".
In Front of Constantinople.
A Constantinople letter thus describes
the positions now occupied by the two
armies near that city :
The military positions of the Russians
and Turks are admirably arranged for of
fensive and defensive purposes. The
Turkish line begins at Macrikeny, on the
Sea of Marmora, stretches thence to the
height of Daoue Pacha, in the rear of
Constantinpole, and continuing to the
Black Sea, not far from Buynkdere. The
strongest part of the line is from Maslak,
on the high road to the Black Sea. The
entrenchments, forts and outworks along
this part of the works are as strong as
can well be made. They do the Turkish
engineers great credit.
.It would be difficult for the Russians
to break through them in order to get
possession of the Upper Bosphorus and
control its navigation. The works in the
immediate vicinity of the city are rather
weak. The Russians occupy two paral
lel lines, one from San Stefano, on the
Sea of Marmora, to Bourgas, on the
Black Sea, mounted with gnns of the
heaviest calibre and pointed in the direc
tion of the Turkish fortifications. About
three miles and a half in the rear is an
other line, beginning at the Tchekmedje
lake, near the Marmora, and terminating
at Azatli and the Black Sea. All the
high ground near the line is covered with
immense encampments of soldiers and
war material.
In case of an attack from the Turkish
side, and a disaster to the first chain of
fortifications, the Russians could fall
back and rally behind the strong parallel
lines in the rear. In case of an assault
on their part against the Turkish position
they would have a heavy reverse to sup
port them in case of need of reinforce
ments. If the Turks should be beaten
they would have no support to fall back
on, and would be obliged to surrender or
escape to Asia. 'Looking to contingen
cies, the Turks 'ave been bringing all
their available force to Constantinople,
until now they have at least 120,000 men
in arms before and around the city. The
Russians have 200,000. Both parties are
ready for another trial of strength at any
moment.
Eskimo Dogs.
The horrible savagery of these poor
wretches can hardly be wondered at;
they live in a country where there is hard
ly a chance for tbem in any independent
foraging expedition; they are half
starved by their masters, being chiefly
fed on frozen walrus bides in the winter,
and allowed to shift for themselves in the
summer when their services are not re
quired, and are in so perennial and acute
a state of hunger that they are ready at
any time to eat their own harness if al
lowed to do so. It is generally Btated
that they are perfectly insensible to kind
ness, and are only to be kept in order by
a liberal application of the lash, or even
a more formidable weapon ; for the Eski
mo, if their dogs are refactory, do not
scruple to beat them about the head with
a hammer, or anything else of sufficient
hardness which happens to be at hand.
They will even beat the poor brutes in
this manner until they are actually
stunned. .Nothwithstanding the abso
lute dependence of the Eskimo on their
dogs, little or no care is taken ef them;
they receive nothing in any degree ap
proaching petting, aud spend all their
time in the open air. The chief use of
the Eskimo dog is to draw the sledges,
which are the only possible conveyance
in that frozen land.' In all the Artie ex
peditions which have been sent out at
various times, a good supply of sledge
dogs has been one of the greatest desi
derata, as without them it would be ab
solutely impossible to proceed far. No
other animal would answer the purpose,
both horses and cattle being quite useless
in journeys over ice and snow, amongst
which the pack of light, active dogs,
make their way with wonderful ease aud
safety.
CuniosmES op Earth. At the city of
Medina, in Italy, and about four miles
around it, wherever the earth is dug,
when the workmen arrive at a distance of
63 feet, they come to a bed of chalk,
which they bore with an auger, 5 feet
deep. They then withdraw from the pit
before the auger is removed, and upon its
extraction the water bursts up through
the aperture with great violence, and
quickly fills the newly made well, which
continues full and is affected neither by
rains nor drought. But what is the most
remarkable in this operation is the layers
of earth as we descend. At the depth of
14 feet are found the ruins ef an ancient
city, paved streets, houses, floors, and dif
ferent pieces of mason work. Under
this is found a soft, oozy earth, made up
of vegetable, and at 26 feet large trees
entire, such as walnut trees, with the
walnuts still sticking to the stem, and the
leaves and branches in a perfect state of
preservation. At 28 feet deep a soft
chalk is found, mixed with a vast quan
tity of shells, and the bed is 11 feet thick.
Under this vegetables are found again.
A Remarkable Tramp. A young
man, aged 19, who has been on the road
for seven years, after, so he says, being
turned out of his Philadelphia home for
some trivial offense by his father, a de
vout church member, has recently strayed
into Maiden, Mass., and found a home
with a charity inclined man. His story
is a remarkable one. He has been in the
South and West, and visited nearly every
village and city in this State. Once he
rode fifty miles on a Pullman palace car
truck, and while tramping in Missouri on
a bitter wintry night he was chased by
wolves and only escaped by climbing to
the top of a timber bridge and remain
ing there till dawn. While sick and foot
sore he visited an aunt at Decatur, 111.,
but was turned away from her door, and
when he could travel no longer, he dug a
hole in the snow-bank and remained
there over night. With all hia roving ex
perience he does not drink, smoke or
chew. .
There are pastures in Western Texas
two hundred miles in length.
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