i'sevf.'mwt itygyrw
VOL. XVI.
4Qrn$mftmt$.
Our Farewell to Sumner and PuyaUup Valley.
Sumner, AV.T, April 15, 1881.
Editor WilUmetto Farmer :
Tho last days of September bring the
close of tho hop picking. Tho grower
exporiencea a feeling of relief as his
work is finished for tho year. Especi
ally does ho congratulate himself if tho
hops were fully matured, if no rain has
fallen during that time and if they were
properly dried; for all this insures him
higher prices for his crops. And now
he generally avails himself of the op
portunity to take a trip east or to San
Francisco, combining pleasure with
profit; for the more successful growers,
as a rulo, attend to tho sales of the hops
themselves.
The Indians usually close their work
Saturday, Sunday, a grand gala day
with them, is lOokod forward to as tho
time when they receive their "potlach"
money. Final calls are mado among
thoir "tillicums" and horse racing and
gambling is a special feature. Tho high
ways are ,thick with dust riinilo by tho
cayusc ponies. Troops of grotesquo
figures are passing in every direction.
The whole 4000 seem to bo on the march.
The. colors of tho rainbow, silk handker
chiefs by tho hundreds, and nil sorts of
gay trinkets bedeck them. If one has
never witnessed this-, panorama it is
worth seeing. To-morrow there will not
bo 500 of them loft in the valley.
Evening comes, and the lovely har
vest moon pencils tho snowy mantle of
Mt. Taeoma with silvery light. By its
mellow beams nro revealed a hundred
camp fires, and tho soft sea breozo brings
to our ears wierd music. For this is
"close turn-turn" night to many of tho
tribes, and all sorts of queer cciemonies
are being performed. Some ono hast
ons to inform us that tho Port Iieupert
Indians aro dancing their farowell to tho
valloy. A few minutes moro and we aro
in their presence, but we find them re
clining around the council fire. Wo
ask them if they have boen dancing.
Thoy answer yes, but that tho Klickitats
had threatened to kill them if they wero
not quiet. They said they were not
afraid, but that thoy wished to return to
thoir great chief with clean hands.
Many Klickitats wero on tho ground.
Finally some of themd row near and said
they had only wanted to raako the Princo
Reupert Indians sick hearted, and if they
wero brave thoy would dance. After a
few moments tho ceremony was com
menced anew. A dozen of men drew
near the fire with their lng hair bound
back with beaded fillets and their faces
bedizened with black streak and red
paint. A great black streak down the
nose and black circles around the eyes,
with brow and chin daubed with red be
ing the favorite method. Arms and
hands were plentifully adorned. An In
dian drum, as large as a barrel head,
with bright bits of color was the most
important instrument. Others used
various kinds of gongs and 'wind drums.
Chief Loolish himself also in regalia
dress, with rod of office, cleared a large
circle, and then for a few moments
silence reigned. At least two hundred
Indians were there to witness the fare
well ceremonies. The orchestra com
menced to boom out a hoarse music
that sounded savage and wild to unac
customed ears. Then there sprang into
the midst of tho circle an object that
chilled our blood. Whether man or
beast was hard to tell. Brown feet and
limbs partly wrapped in a dark robo
lined with crimson. On its corners and
in the centre were wrought great yellow
sumy scarlet reptiles, idols with gaping
mouths and flaming eyes. Above all
was a monstrous head covered with
shaggy hair, through which towered two
great horns. Staring eyes seemed to
pierce you through and a mouth filled
with jpeat teeth' ready to cat you. 'it
tut
SALEM,
mado ono realize what little Bed Hiding
Hood must havo suffered when she en
countered tho hungry wolf. When sho
asked what so huge a mouth was for tho
wolf mado reply: ''Tho better to eat
you, my dear." So wo felt, whon this
wild looking object pceied into our face
and with a hideous grin and outstretch
ed hand pretended to mako way with us
Around and around the circlo ho wont
keeping timo to tho wierd music, now
balancing on one foot, then tho other,
madly throwing his arms in the air,
then menacing tho spectators with wild
gpstures. Again ho would crawl around
tho circle on his knees, uttering moans
and groans that were simply dreadful,
then with a sudden spring he would
fall in tho contro with a shriek that
could not easily be forgotten. Perfectly
motionless he would lie until ho was
convoyed (o his tont, where ho would
remain for a timo then return and go
through a repetition at each perform
ance, growing moro frenzied each time.
Often others would entor the charmed
circlo and danco for a fow minutes, most
of them being women. The whole scene
was thoroughly savage. Finally the
Klickitats threatened a fight if tho danso
was not brought to n close, and the
musio ceased. Tho Port Rouport Indians
kindly thanked us for taking so much
interest in their "tum-tum" dance, and
promised to show us a 'war dance if wo
visited thoir country, but wo begged to
be excused. Sad is tho fato of oho who
falls into tho hands of untamed Indians
for ho may expect noilhcr foibearance or
mercy.
Tho next brought a final to the scenes
wo had witnessed. In canoes or on
hoi so back tho Indians departed, and
only an occasional tont polo denoted that
thcro had bcon such an encampment.
So closed tho season of last year.
Tho present outlook indicates a much
finer crop, but a reduction in prices.
Fifteen cents would probably bo tlio
highest paid per pound. This, however,
will insuro tho producer a hundred
dollars an aero clear of all expenses, or
3,000 for 30 acres, tho average crop.
Whether this is a ligitimato business
is a question. Wo know of worse ; wo
certainly know of better. Tha majority
of tho hopgrowers admit this to be true.
None of them particularly uphold their
calling, but comfort themselves with tho
idea that when they havo made monoy
enough ihoy will turn thoir attention to
something elso. Here, as elsewhere, is
verified tho fact that wealth does not
always bring happiness in its train.
Hasto to become rich is not always best
for one's peace of mind. We have by
no means lost our faith in the Oregon
farmer, who, with a clear conscience,
raiseshis wheat or prunes his trees.
, Safphibe.
Bye OriM.
St. Paul, Or, April 17, 1884.
Editor WilUmette Farmer:
In your issue of April 4 I see a good
item on pastures and grass from Mr,
John Luper, of Tangent. Ho will plcaso
give us his methods in sowing the
Italian ryo grass seed; stating what time
he sows it, quantity per aero and as to
whether mixed or alone. If mixed, with
what kind of grass seed. Please ttato
through your valuable paper for the
benefit of alL Farmers, I think, should
sow moro grass and lees wheat, for I
think before many years grass and fruit
will be king in Oregon.
I am glad to see the Grange taking
such a good hold again. I wish Judge
Boise would come around this way and
organize a Grnpgo ot Gorvafs, Fairfield,
or St. Paul. I think there is a good
show for success. G, C. A.
Srnixo seeding; is now out and many
fanners will find that they have a few
bushels of wheat left. The best use to
make of tho wheat is to sell it and send
us$2 for a years subscription, and if you
owe us, send it anyhow.
ft'
OREGON, FRIDAY,
lj0 Hi cultural
HORTICULTURE.
Tho subject of fruit growing is certain
to become ono of tho most important in
connection with our agricultuio and ono
that deserves most careful encourage
ment. Efforts havo been made for some
years to sustain a Stato Horticultural
Society but it was found difficultrto se
cure attendance, and tho number of peo
ple largely interested in fruit growing
is comparatively small. Tho subject,
however, is one that appeals very strongly
to all farmers because all havo more or
less of fruit. Orcharding is sure to be
como ono of our most important inter
osts and it is fully timo a Hoiticultural
Society was organized and well sustained.
There is a great deal for such a society
to accomplish and its usefulness would
bo in proportion tho interest taken by
members. First : to decide what fruits
succeed in different sections of country
would bo of great tise to farmers every
where. It is true that some fruits suc
ceed in some localities and fail in others.
Some aro suited to low lands and some
to up land. Fruits succeed in tho lower
part of this valley that do not thrive in
tho upper part. Thero is a vast deal to
bo learned from tho experienco of fruit
growers in the different sections of our
country, and reomo organized effort is
needed to call tins information out. Tho
man who plants an orchard needs to
havo correct information to act upon
and without it may plant trees that will
piove of little value. Tho moro planting
of tiecs is but the commencement. Tho
fruit-growor will meet with many ob
structions and will need information con
tinually and also need to organize for
self-protection. Already wo lmvo heio
tho codlin moth, which is tho most dan
gerous insect known to apples and pears,
and destroys a largo pioportion of tho
crop in California. A Horticultural So
ciety could find plenty of business to call
its attention, and if it had conipetont
members through tho Stato who would
contribute information of all kinds as
tho years pass, tho rosult would bo that
much knowlcdgo would bo dissommina
ted. It is not easy to formulate any plan
of action that could bo carried out with
success. We only call attention to the
mntter and urge its importance. Por
haps, when tho Stato lair meets, somo
stops can be taken to organize a State
Horticultural Society. The troublo is
to bring people together from a distance.
It may bo moro feasible to organize
county societies and have thorn work
with a State organization. Wo repeat,
that there is great and pressing need
of societies through tho Stato to study
means to protect tho fruit interest and
gather information as well from all sec
tions. In California it has been found
necessary to legislate for the protection
6f fruit and we already have the same
need here. Unless laws are passed and
onforced for that qbject the fruit grower
will be at tho mercy of pests that infest
neighboring orchards. The object of
legislation is to compel thoso whose trees
are infested to follow Eomo sufficient
plan to eradicate the evil. This can only
bo dono by means of well organized ef
fort. WrlUea tot the WIBunett Tumtr.
SUUWBEBUIEa.
A few more words on tho strawberry
before the season advances more. Bur
pee &? Co.of Philadelphia, in their
"Farm Manual," give six or the best
fctrawberries, the early, medium and lato,
as follows: The Ducheos and Crescent
for early, Manchester and Warren for
medium ; tho Jersey Queen and Sharp
less for late. They also give for market
and homo use the Prince of Berries and
Atlantic. Four of theso berries I prac
tically know, having them in bearing.
The Jersey Queen, Manchester, Sharp
lee and Warren apeak for tlieraselycs in
jt'if
MAY 2, 1884.
my patch. Tho Duchess and Crescent
I havo not. Consequently I practically
know but littlo of them. Tho Atlantic
and Princess of Borries nro on trial.
They may or may not do well here.
Three of those berries nro pistillate. As
a rulo pistillntcs do poorly in our wet
and cool springs, in fact I somotimes
think wo had hotter discard all pistillate
varieties, and confino oursolvcs wholly
to tho perfect or hormaphrodito sorts.
Tho throe kinds alluded to as pistillate
aro the Crescent, the Jersoy Queen and
Manchester. These, to insure a full
crop of berries must bo sot nltcrnato
among tho hormaphrodito. Somo sot
them every fifth row, or bed and bed, so
called; but in tho Willamette valley'it
is so cool and damp during florescence
that impregnation is quite uncertain.
Bees and other insects carry on their
legs and haustellium, labrum, and labri
um tho polen from the stamens to tho
pistils and thus impregnate them. Bees
are thcreforo very useful' among tho
strawberries.
, Among tho wi'd strawberries thero aro
simply the staminates and pistillates,
andynt theso pistillates bear well bocauso
insects fertilize them by convoying to
the polen of tho staminates. Most
strawberries nro hermaphrodite or perfect
or havo both natures tho staminates
and pistillate in one. Henco tho hema
phrodite nro moro certain and thoieforo
more profitablo. A purostaminatonovor
bears only abortively so. All through
tho world not only tho faunal, but also
tho floral kingdom, tho principlo of ic
production is tho same. Tho positive
and negative nro simply electric, and
tho electric is always dual. A positivo
vho cause starts up; a negative tho
opposite aives place ; tho offect follows.
Motion and action aro effects of energy ;
enorgy is dual and thcreforo olectric. All
motion, action, flowing from causes pai
takes nearly of tho naturo of those
causes. Tho reproductive organs, as
moans,' pioducing ends, must act dually
to accomplish tho main end in viojv
soeds. Seods aro tho ultimate cneh for
which tho strawberry labors. Tho
spongiolos, loots, sterns, crowns, buds,
poduncles, petals, postals and stamens
aro all moans used to form tho receptacle
or meaty coro which sustains tho seeds.
Tho meaty coro, or berry proper, holds,
sustains tho soeds. A civilized straw
berry is nn abnormality; a wild straw
berry is a nonfiality. Yet wo prefer
"big ones" to "littlo ones." Honco wo
toil to gain tho goal big, rich, and de
licious fruits. Moro has been dono in
the last quarter of a century to improve
tho strawberry than was done thousands
of years anterior to our era.
Tho light is streaming across tho men
tal horizon like sunbeams through a
dark and lowering cloud. Horticulture,'
pomology and agriculture are looming.
Tho effulgent rays of science aro paint
ing the clouds of hope with radient
colors transcendently beautiful. The
greatest berry man has ever improved
is the strawberry,
"Sweet, rich, rare rnl ripe."
A. F. Davidhon.
A (Uod Carriage Horse.
Under tho head of new to-day appears
tho advertisement of E. W. Itossitcr's
King Tom. The pedigree of this animal
shows his excellent point. He is un
equalled as a carriage horse. At tho pres
ent time the demand all over tho United
States is for just such a style of horse.
The use of carriage horses is to combine
both style of carnage, speed and for gen
eral and all purpose. Wo believe Mr.
Itossitcr has just such an animal. Call
and see for yourself.
For 1)5 we will tend any ono tho Faii
mek for ono year, also send the paper
one year each to two new names.
Oregon's standard remedy for indi
gestion, dyspepsia ana lose ol appetite,
l)r. Henley's Dandelion Tonic.
Tho 'amount ,of Kgitabks received
from California is deercuing as rpring
comes on and our market grnlcno yield.
NO. 12
HATTERS THAT NEED EXPLAINING.
Two years ago tho legislature was tho
scouo of a long drawn conflict that
finally ended to tho satisfaction of tho
great majority of tho people, in tho do
fcat o tho aspirations of ox-Senator
Mitchell for ic-clcction to tho United
States Senate. It is no doubt then that
Marion county in a goncr.il sonso is
opposed to tho election of Mr. Mitchell
to tho Senate. Ho is employed in
lobbying for tho bonofit of railroads and
that is not an occupation that ontitlcs
him to tho confidence of tho people. Ho
has aright to chooso his occupation but
ho must tako tho conscquonces if ho
loses public favor thereby. Leaving that
out of tho question Mr. Mitchell is, or
has boon, n professional 'politcian, and
has hold his party in this Stato subject
to tho partisan organization ho has
controlled. Tho projudico that oxists
'against tho ex-Senator is based not alono
on his political character, this enforce
ment of ling rulo and of tho spoils
systom in politics, but on porsonal traits
and immorality that aro matter of com
mon report and cannot bo gainsaid.
Tho grounds for objection aro many and
cannot bo truthfully denied.
Last week tho republican convontion
of Marion county noniinatod candidates
for tho legislature and of tho six nominees
tho majority aro said to bo friendly to
Mr. Mitchell politically. Several of
theso aro pronounced, by a gontloman
who professes to know from his own
sources of information, to bo friendly to
Mr. Mitchell, and ho thought tho five
wero all that way inclined. Tho quos
tion was not agitated in tho convontion
but it is certain to bo agitated by tho
votors of tho county and many of tlioiu
will roquiro good mid satisfactory evi
dence that thoso gontlonion recognio
tho wishes of their constituents and
will act in accordance with thorn. Wo
do not donounco thoso nominees or
nccuso thorn of being friends politically
of Mr. Mitchell, but wo givo a report that
seems to havo somo foundation and if
truo theso should bo known to tho voters
of tho county, They can nnd no doubt
will, satisfy themselves by publicly
questioning thoso candidates as to their
profcrenco in this connection. When
thoy shall bo satisfied wo havo no doubt
thoy will act in accordance with thoir
best judgmont.
TIME FOR LEGISLATIVE SESSION.
Tho wording of tho Constitution is so
plain that it is hardly possibloto croato
a doubt that tho holding of a Fession in
January will bo legal. Tho words of
tho Constitution aro: "Tho sossionof
tho legislative assembly shall bo hold
bi-cnnially, at tho capital of tho State,
commencing on tho second Monday of
September, in tho year 1858, and on tho
samoday of ovcry second year there
after, unlws u different day shall lmvo
boon appointed by law."
Tho words of tho last sontonco aro so
specific in thoir terms that thoy seom to
cover all that is requisite. A "different
day" has been "appointed by law" and
the Constitutional qualification is there
fore complied with. Sinco wo havo
taken the woids of tho Constitution it
seems impossible to croato a dificronco
that is dangerous. Tho words are ex
plicit and cover tho wholo ground. Tho
bi-ennial session was to moet on a par
ticular day so long us no other day was
" appointed by law." Nojy that tho low
has "appointed" a "different day" tho
next session will meet on that day, nnd
all succeding sessions will bo held on tho
same day oyery two years, or biennially.
Thero dons not soem to bo room for
question or doubt.
Two new subscrib'-rH ntul if 5 will en
title you to a jcats tubscription to tho
Fakmeh.
Brown's l.Vonchlal Troche for
Cough nd fifMsi "There l nntlunK to t
mproU whIt.ein."-7r. O. V. )Wkl',
fValtoi, InJi'wa.
Spokane Tall has 2,W. l ojwlntUn.
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