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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (March 17, 1882)
-m m urn i n f atirlUkryia sin lfc. ; WILLAMETTE FAltMER.s POKTLAiND, OREGON, MAKCIM 1882 p M i it 1 111 4$jraitgi; ycuarfnmil. Subjects for Discussion at Next Mooting of Multnomah Pomona Orange Stuhikii, Ci icivVMi Co., March 11, lsvJ. IMitor Will inn tto Firmer : At the list meeting of the l'omoni Grange, hill in Iist l'arthiiil, Judge Boieo 1ml ably before us the necessity of miintainuig our org miration, ami m a ery concise iniiimr slescnbtd some of its bcntficiil result". We had a very interesting meeting. Bro. Lent proposed for disi.usiou the sulijtet of gum,' our count) othecis salaries, which win elefcrrcd until our next meeting. As Lecturer, I requested l!ro. A K Shipley to kid in a discussion. Subject Taxes and Assessment". .Also, Bro .) 11 Knapp Butter making Sistet L. II C ark was solicited to read in original esi- subject. Home; while I shall speak a feu moments on mixed hits bindr All fourth degue members are coidially solicited to le pus. nt at our mxt meeting aid participate in the 8etral dis-cus-ions. If all finntis could be so awak ened ti tht.it own mti rests as to attend the meetings of the gnnge where -inous sub jects of b ii c li C to them art agitated, maiix of the causes f our pre sent compl nuts, which are due miinly to our ow n lgnoriuce and ne glect, might be averttd. I have been pleased with the lite discusintis in the FueMrK of difleiint subjects, which are of vast import ance to agn ultinists. The eorrcsp ndent from New Kra writes upon "assessments ' Hope he will be pres cut at our next meeting to tike part in tl e dicuvion of that subject He sa)S "notes and accounts are not property, and const quentl) should not be tied." Hut the) re present money and dnw from light to tin per c nt 'interest semi annually , whk tlic farm with its equipments of cittle, horses, and ne-ceasary machinery, with good mamgc ment on the part of its possesor, after pay mg for the minual la or performed (the work of the wife and daughters thrown in for De icon's measurei, may yield an income of from two to four per cent, a crops are mi certin and stock is perishable, while the notes are secured on real estUe, consequently without risk. .Still he &duses us to watch the inti-mouop ilits The man holding the notes dres-es finely, occupies a spieious and elegantly furnished residence, and styles him se'f a in iu of influence, which I am frank to cone de If he wishes anything in the shape ef legisl ition, he know s how to make it, and devotes his life to luxury and eie, while the fa mer earns his bread by the sweat of his Drow Fort le sake of argument we will all nut, that the farmer has a house to cove'r his family much passes for comfort, while the dress of himself and family compares un favor .bly with that of the money loat er. Still he as. watch th- anti monopoly move ment This suits the capitalists. 1'oor ere itures ! They need 1 1 be protected by the mass s of common laborers, for while the farn tr represents a few hundred dollars, the capitalist counu Iim wealth by hun ireds ff thou mils. D m't worry the pair fellows. Subsidize them tatr and na ion' City, town ami vil lage, pa tnbut- to chtir outstretched hand. Patnp red sons of Amenta! They ciny our xvh i to a foieigu market, and load their shiiHwitiro ks in 1 sail 1, ami bring thim heie ni fertilizer f r our virtnn soil, instead of c ii ug Ulnn Aith such artic'es as are con sum I hv the producer, thereby saving one thi ill freight on our exports. But the poor miii -turer at the Kist must bleed the farm t the West, then those other ansto-cn- ,' i's can get SIOO a tir load, or 10 per t)i t r trvispirt ng freig'it over a road giv , ' tie ii bv the people. Oh, yes, inv ert 'on 1 1 irtrs of Amtn ;a ' Favortd people ! wa mi wit tan P.H pr. tio i t'i.) anti-.nonopol) movement. The if ig 'vill almirii our judgment and i t iv they tike all (sive a bare subsis- i yur earnings C line to the Grange, i-i one and all, and in fidelity to our i s, let us weigh carefully each rjues j t ute 1 for ojr tonsi-Wition. If K HAV.LS. r u Oraaji In Linn County .jiondeiit of the JJi'tnninator, of i i, i rites from "ami Itidge, under ' rimy ilth nt pkaiuiu of attending one of the i i I) st mseti gs at Sand Kidge . i t in iith or this month. The third I'd dugici-s. were conferred ou a class 'I'll h ill was so crowded with the i' iinn rs an 1 their wives, daughters i- .it tuny did not have room to con ing, of, iu as i njiiessive a manner as Im Orange nt their regular etui P K stcr, Master, and as he i he ih opposiil to acting. But I ' i iu pnsid d with dignit) and ability. i t bo n fi r the griini'e how could k own an) thing about his ability ' tt its 1 We haio pleutv of young lie iiiiutry th it are as well qualified II da hi G .ii of su ai fn ot tn h in I' w a in U A o V P' of 1 ne vaiious olhtes in those in town. i- tlmmgh the grange wo san find them .jr thu diiites wera conferred the lei 1 ued ii cess. Tho good Sisters pre- , ! of the liiicbt ill uciH you ever read r imih nil did ample justhe. Orange c i i ndiraiid the unwritten work was 0 -i ! lmd liy Bro. K A, Iivine, Stato Dep u v ,i ted ii) II C. Powill, iu a very plain mi , in. . un r Bro, V, P. Anderson was c lied ' if in I his rf in ii ku wero well timed. ) y I'owull killed for mid his remarks ucre i ly appi iiii lie and pointed, Bro. It, A iMue called for and spoko on the moral ii rim i i Hi gunge has on the young mem. i i t the ider, nhowed with great feeling, I . qi H ia to uud benefit of the influence (,' tin i dei ' members of the grange, le fr!."' I i r) clearly the co npany that young ii i v p cats a r.rLat influence over them i ii characters cither for good or bad, 1. d lo the financial part of the Oide which was appreciated by all present. 1 must confess that liio liwno setined to ficl as much interest in the welfare of the oung meinbus as in children of his own. The day being veiy lauiy. Dr. Alexander, Piwson, Pa) ur, and ntheis did not perform their part of the programme." Another correspondent sends the Dintmul alor woul of nu enthusiastic meeting on Al ban) Prairie. Appeaiances seem to justify a belief that tho giange is nourishing iu Linn count) "I attended ono of tho most interesting grange meetings at lariiiony Grange Hall, tho Ihth of this mouth that it has been in) lot to attend. Tho 3d and 4th degrees were conftrred on a class of seven. The othecrs of that grange deserve great credit for tho ablo mitiiur in which the) conducted tho cere monies, especially tho oung Sisters w ho performed their paits with great credit to themselves and tho grange. After the ecro monies wero over, Bro S. A. Dawson, W.M., declared a r cess in order to give the good sisters time to picpare a lunch, which was spiead iu the lust order, and every one seemed to enjo) it. Bro. Dawson called the grange to order and read the progtiiume. The unwritten work was exemplified by Bros Diwson and Mart Miller. Bro. It. A. .Irvine was called for, and gave one of his warm and feeling talks for about thirty inmates, then Bro. H. Payne was called for and presented the social features of the grange for twent) minutes Several others followed with re" marks that were listened to with attention. I he meeting w as a gr mil success. And w hat else could you expect w hen such men as Bros. Dawson. C. M. IV well, J Povvill, Kamsa), and Irvine take hold of an) thing. America and Oermany. To see ouisilves as others see us oftiu leads to a self-examination that mi) prove healthful ami stimulating. To compare the condition of the American firmer with that of his German brnthcr will suggest much food for thought, as well as explain w hy American agriculture has made such wonderful pro-gre-s during thelastquartcrof a century. The comparisons given below by a German au thor, Herr Sender, who has mailed special study of American agriculture may be app'ied as well to the same classes m KnUnd. The German, savs Herr Semler, is never so practical as the American. The formei works hard, Lut the latter accomplishes more, because he is constantly considering how to save time and strength. Ho is not attached to the agricultural implements to which he has been accustomed from his outh. but constantly thiuks how they can be brought to the highest state of perfection. Kv ery mi provement is at once adopted, not onlv by the intelligent and well to-do farmers, but by everyone who has more or less to do with agriculture. Theie are no such wide dis tinctions in America as exist between the educated German farmer and the German peasant. The educated German farmer is superior to his American colleague in scien tific knowledge; he is his equal when the conojKfU f machinery In trie region of agri culture are in question; but he is his inferior as a business man; as a saver of time; he is not so practical in small things, and not so fond of experimenting. In drawing a parallel between the German peasants anu the American farmers who are their equals as to property, it will always re sult unfavorably to the Germans. The Americans are both more prudent and more active. If the small farmer cannot afford to have thrashing and mowing machiuce and hay-rrcsses of his own he hires them. All hii tools, even to the smallest, ure of the best material and models of excellence. Iu a small household detail, thit of cofTey-milU, Herr Sender notices the fact that in Germany the colfee-mill is still held between the knees, while, in America it is scre-ved to the wall, thus saving ha'f tho labor. In Germany it generally takes three men to shoe a horse, while in Amenci one is eufhcient The apron used by German workmen impedes them in climbing and even walking; tho American apron is slit up the middle to the height of the 1 gs, and the two halves are buuud round the ankle, which is both noie comfortable and better protects the clothes. Iu some parts of Germany tho laborer eats fivo times a day, during harvest-time takes even six meals, and this habit alone will ena ble the American who eats only three times daily, but better, to compete successfully with the German. The American drinks no brainjy while at work; he is not lazy as soon a his master's back is turned, and being more respected, respects himself more than dots the German workman. The best work man in America has often formerly been a very iudidereut one in Germany, which is owing to the unproved social position in which he Guds himself. Co-operation In Texas What splendid results have been attained in Texas through co-operation. Think of it 1 Thu agency at Galveston transacted butiuets to the amount of over a hundred and sixteen thousand dollars during the month of Decem ber, and the net monthly profits of the agency average over twelve hundred dollars. And this large sum which goes tuto the pockets of farmers throughout the State is saved, while at the same time the commissions charged on cotton are less than half the usual rates. Well may Worthy Master Rose be proud of his great achievements in the cause of co-operation, for he originated and worked up the plan of the State Atsociatiou, though ho was ably sustained by many true Patrons, And this great and bent fi sent system, which is already doing so much for the farmers of Texas, is but in its infancy. When the Grangis of every county in that great State shall establish their co-operative storks, and tfcey all transact their busiuess through the agency at Galveston, the long-sufTenug and oppressed farmers of Texas will save millions of dollars annually that now go into the po:kets of middlemen. Patron of Hut-landri'. Written for ilio WiiLVMnnr Firmkr WORK OF DEATH Death h.i agiitu euteied thu portals of our (? tango nnd taken fiom our midst, after in u) weeks of sullirmg, Biother I'.dward Wood bury, Worthy Gate Keeper of Multnomah Giange. .His mission hero is finished, and he has gone to receive tho row ml vvhihoui hlisstd Savior so kind!) pi onuses for all who die ui tho IauiI Brothri Woodhmv was . warm and devoted nieiiilx rot ourGratig,and was thoroughly imbuid with the pruuiplts of our institution. His wife and daughter were iu full svmpithy with husband and father in the work of our UnUr. l'ho iicigliDnrliood and society li 19 lost an honest and industrious citizen. His bcreavid wife has her reduction of hope and happiness of e irthly enjo) mi nt cut short, after man) ) ears of happimss and prospinty. Hisdiughter Kosa will no moie receive his kind words if counsel or praise, but wo trust she ma) follow his teachings and noble example through life, and that she ma) be prciuredat last when taking her filial do- 'parture to siy as he did "I am willing mil prep vied to go." Brother Wood bur) had been in Oregon but a few )cars, but, b) industrv, he, with his wife, had become possessors if a good and com ortallu home. Tho fuiui.il servixs were performed by ltov. T. L. Klliott, who alwa)s on theie occasious uses bc.iu'iful words of s)mpath) that tend to lu.il tho aching heart His remains wero thcu taken to Lone Fir Cemetery by the members of his Grange and laid aw.av aecordingtothubt.au tiful and impitssive rites of the Order. A friend. Mils. K.J. Pniu Marlon County Pomona Cause. SvttM, Or., March 1.1, lib. Kditor Willaiuitte Parmer: Marion Count) Pomona Grange will hold its second quarterly meeting in the Grange Hall in balem, at 11 o clock, a m , on tiielJOtli day of the pieseut month. All fourth dewree members .ire cordial!) invited. I. Stkdmi, Sec iforh. BREEDING DP I!) ' Tojmile, iiilVallicus Monthlv There is one course left open to those whose purses do not enable them to own brood mares of the right stamp to start with, and that is "bre ding up " This term has long lie-m used to siginfv breeding to a thorough bred, that we should discard it were there a familiar expression equally adapted to our purpo-e. In this article the words tumpl) mean in cruising su-, without impairing other desira ble qualities All over our country wo find a c'nss of mares rejected on account of mte alone, and thus happily preserve 1 to us, small hut wed built, up headed, high steppers, with large full e)es, clean limbs and iron feet. Mai) of them standing up for )i.i s under the W.-V crest kind of work and outlasting larger horses at all sort of labor. "-sVhife we would recommcud the man who owns a fine st) led. sound, 10 hand ir.nre, to sell part of his farm rather that, let her go, we do not think a man who does not own such a one need give up the idea of raising colts t.t a profit With some care in selection, he tan find among animals of the class above de scribed, one which although only 11 hands and turning the scale nt 900, may be as good a mother and breed larger than herself. With such a start if he is able in a few years to in crease the sie by legitimate methods so as to produce If) hanl, l.HOO lb. horses, his profits may exceed those of the in in who started in advance. Can this be do le ' We think it has and can. B-tween TiO and 40 )cars ago, a man who found life an up hill j mr.'icy camn West and cast in his lot with the first settlers of a then new co nmunity. He first nnt'd from others bul at length purchased a tract of laud, which by industry and the subsequent good management of his sons, his i nice become one of the fintst estates in the count). The sod was turned up with a pair of small mares, "one good, and the other good for nothing," and although horse raising has never been a specialty on the place, all but two of the twenty or more now on the farm are de scennants of thoio marcs, and taken together are the best lot of farm horses with which the writer is familiar. A good many have been sold for one to two hundred dollars each and as high as 9700 re fused for a team. Horses from this place have taken many premiums both in light nud heavy harness, and representatives of thu stock have brought g od prices both in eastern and west ern cities. Those now on the place weigh from 1, ISO to 1,550 pounds, averaging about 1,400. There are other farmers in tho neighbor hood who have had a somewhat similar suc cess, but we shall only try to explain the methods of the place under consideration. The proprietors as has been shown had to rely largely upon themselves and being gifted with a certain constructive genius, they be camo successful farmers and noted breeders. The sum and substance of their breeding is to avoid extreme outcrosses, to select with great care the mro calculate 1 to produce the results desired and then increase the sie by liberal feeding and judicious care. At weaning time the colts are broken to lead nicely. The first winter they are stabled and fed liberally and hao a daily run in fine weather. The second winter also they are fed and sheltered, the third they run out, but with plenty to eat. In the spring of their third year they are put to light work enough to make them bidable In harness, with some training in the hay field uud on the road iu the fall, T he fourth sum mer they run at perfect liberty in tho pas tures, this allowing them to get their new teeth and grow bono and muscle. Tho fifth teuton they begin the serious business of life and are expected to do full work from tl t time forward. And tbey have gradually ful-' lillul this expectation. There nio miioi.i1 an minis SO ti)il.')iani old still in nctivii suvuo on the place nud nu one occasion the veti run ofthofaim in his thirty-seioinl winlii lau away with a full load of corn, dragging the other bourn with hun We have tend with great interest thu account of "Palo Altn"'imd the mithods tin ro euiplii)ed, nud while we rejouo iu tho btilliaut siien'ss illicitly at taincd in producing plienonunal tr tteis, we do not beliuvu tho nvuiiigu fanner inn find gnat pioht in following such a plan. Nntuio seems to require about live )enrs to prodiuoa well matured horse fit fm heavy si i vice, and since emergencies of thu farm require ut tliuis an extra number of horses, a little miilinge meiit will seen I o a eoiisideinbloHiiioiiiit of si r vice in payment for keeping by the limit thu colt is at the lnt market ngu six )ealH. Bofuru our w imlow s as w e w rite, thorn is nu old maro v igomusly munching the blue grass and still ablo to lift all her fiet clear from the ground in a swinging wall, although it is mote than twiuty yuirs hiiicu wo parted with the fust horse wo evei owned. A little wn) oil four of hot cults lorm a picturesque group, all sive thu weanling taller, heaviirnudeuiiieliir than her dam. One span was sold foi $.100, and several others sold singly brought over $100. Iu all I should think she has prodtlicd at hast $1,:I00 worth of colts bemilis doing a good deal of word. Her value liuvir has been as much ns $100. The owner is no hniiil foi 'forcing," and at tl nes his) oung things have licked the euro a ti ue economy would ilictite His success is nuinl) duo on iicount of the use of gtod sires tht btst he toilld hud iveii if ho bad to go ttvent) miles mid pay $'-'." service fee. Ill the selection of sires, we find the great cit obstacle to breeding up In this vicinity we can 1 1 net a hundred good loo my, sound, large breeding but iimlrrsiicd times which tan be obtained at fur rato, but we do not know ot tunc horsts really fit to cross with them. Creiturcs there are with size enough and to span-. There aru plenty of well bred and speed) trotters, but tUuJttim hone is verv rare. In our estimation, next to the rnlorceii.t ut of iiieh quarantine regulations as shall m.iin tuii our present coiupirr.tivu comparative nu miliiit) from cotitai'ious diseases of livestock, gov eriumut can secure no greater advantage to our fnimrrs than would accrue from the establishment of breeding studs which would produce- such he lots If wo could havo the sirci good iqicciuiemt of our best farm stock we believe bneding up could bo sncecssfull) earned on liy attention to the following de tails First Tho lelectmn of roomy mans calcu lated to make good mothers Second I.ibi ral feeding during the first ami second wiu'e-rs The grim iimd should be mostl) oats In order to secure hardness Ixme. T bird Allowing tho colts to grow to a mi tural maturity without injur) from overwork or sen ro ellort. A few ears ago we should havo protest! d against Mr. Wallace's "pay no attention to the blood '" but in tho proii-nt emerci-ncy we wish to heartily endorse the sentiment. Wc must take the tvp-i wherever touiid, and brn d to perpetuate- it, rejecting all inferior and de fective annuals at any sa nficc, returning the liest at all huzards. AGRICULTURAL NOTES Til r. English fiockmaster has settled two points in British experience, first that mutton is more profitable than wool, and second that among Knglish mutton ctmsumi-rs there is a decided preference for Down or blu-k fucid mutton. Tender, juicy lleih, with n fine griun ii-iil rich Ihivor, ripe uud yet currying plenty of Unit meat, is that whiuh suits the English market. A combination of these qiiulitii s is found to most crfectlon in home of the black or gniy-fiiced breeds or their crosses. This preference on the part of buyers is co marked that the butcher is emiblid to give nt least two cents per -pound more for ilnrk-fiiced mutton thnu for any of the white faced in d long-woolcd sheep, Lkctctkfiw on science or writers conutetrd with agriculture should avo d scientific terms as much as pnssible or othrrwise explain! them. A good story used to bn told of P. I'. Barnum, who; having attended an agricul tural lecture, where thespeikcr was lavish in his praises of muriate of soda as a fertilizer, went iu the morning and ordered several tons to be sent to his farm, which in duo time was delivered. His farmer opened one of the casks with the intention of applying it, ami was not a little surprised with Us familiar ap pearance, and, on tasting it, was satisfied that its appearance did not belie it, for it was com mon rait. He started for Mr. Barnum and accosted him in the following manner ; "Mr. Barnum, what did you say that stufT was that camo yeitcr lay ?" "Muriate of soda." "Mu- riiito of soda I" said the farmer "It's noth ing but salt." "Nonsense," said Mr. Barnum. "It is muriate of soda." "Mr, Barnum, come and see for yourself." He went, he saw and tasted it, and declared it the greatest fraud ever perpetrated, Ho started for the city, and went directly to the dealer from whom it was bought, and asked what tho stiifl was they had sent him. Their reply was, "Muri ate of soda, as ordered " "It is a mistake, it is nothing but common salt." Then for the first time, he learned that salt and muriate of soda are one and the same thing. K. M. Wahiijiukw, of Lennox Furnace, Mass., who has two siIqs of a total capacity of H7S tons, which cost him $4(10, has filled thei i with millet and corn stalks, at a cost of 91,Ci per ton. He feeds forty head of cattle daily, with seventy pounds of ensilfge, and add to this fur each animal, five pounds of hay and three quarts of grain. Tho cost of keeping each animal is twelve ccuti a day. His cows hare gained in flesh sinoe ensilage feeding lie- (an, and the growth of the young stock is sat sfactory. The milk it 10 degrees better by the lactometer test than when made from grass feed, while the quantity is a good and the flavor a nice as when the animals were feeding on June grass. LumuortiiK on 1'imot Sound. .Sutttlo t'nut IlltilllKiilllir 'I lie tn is i oust uit and npentod inquiry for liifoi illation concerning the Iiiiiib.nliug Indus tiy of Wnshiiigt iu Tiruloiy, thu witisfncitlon of which iloiolvts largely upon thu Tuiftori I pit ss. Thu gieil limber regnm of the Tinitoiy lies west of tho Cnsc.adi innniltnln", nnd takis in substantially all the coimtrv to the IVillu mean, from the Columbia river on the south to Biitish Ameiua on the north from 1 10 to '.".'0 miles lung and fiom 110 to l.'O mil wide. There euii he found II r, pine, spruce, himlock, oak, ash, aldu, maple, ceiliu, cut touwood and iinuihirlrm iillur varn tils; thesn named, though, being more than lime ti uths the whole. Tin) covtr peihnps two thirds the whole countiy, about 1,1,000 sqtiaiu milts or 10,000,000 ncics. Thu ) it Id per aire Minis imimiisil), innging liom fl.000 to 10,000 frl pu'acro to 00,000 to SO.OOO. While thu lir timlier is pirtieidail) heat) nnd hue, tho qiinutit) per nuo occasional!) runs to 1 00.0(H) to l.'O.OOOaud even to '-'00,000 hole qiur tir sections em easil) lie obtained that will avenge fiO.OOO feet pi i ncie, or S,000,000 feet to the 100 acres. Wc think it safe iioiu-h to iveragti tho tiinbir product of thu 10,000,000 ncits at 30,000 feet cr acre, nnd aggregate it .".00,000,000 (MX) feet. Adding the two parts, wo ma) safe!) assume thu standing timber of tho T'cintor) to he tqinil in quantit) to 100, 000,000,000 ft 1 1. T he aiinu il cut does not At pieseut xceed '.'.'O.OOO.OOO ftet, at which rate wo have a supply good for 1 000 )eais. The tut, howcvci. will from this on increase I ip id ), until iu 18S7 probably .'.00,000,000 fit t will be tut, and in IS'IJ perhaps 1,000,000,000 In Wtnionsin nud Michigan thu atinur.l cut is now 1,000 000 000 feet, at wh.ch rate i ur tun lur supply would list mil) 100 )uars. Tim standing tiinbir in thu T'iriitiir) of Wah ug ton, as abovu co! ulited, ts fully tquat to the toiiMimptloii of the wh Iu Cmtid Matt ilur lug the post liiuidriil )eam, and its value at $10 per thousand fiet is tl.OOO.OOO.IHX), or mote th ui the value of .all the taxable, prop i rty in the c mibmcd Slatis of New otk and Pciimlvama in lb-SJ Along tho Columbia rivir aie a iiuiubir of saw muls, as lUo in the 7owlit nud hehalis country, lut won the .Sound nud the river. With a single exieptlou tliene am small sf fairs. At Gra) 's llnrlior, uu the ocean coast, n lirge null m iu coiiisi of construction, nud that others will uptodil) follow there and elst where in thuwoo-litl itgious is itiUlli. The cliitf and lieav) lumbuiiiig on the Pa cific slope is done right hen-, within a radius of mxt) mill of Seattle, and thu principal part within Unit), The leading mills of the touiid, when ,i worktd, havn n ciittu g cipaeit) e.ail) i no igh of I 000,000 fret per iliem, or r00,009 000 per annum Three of them cut inch over 100,000 fiet per day, slid fourth is being put lu condition to cut over '.'00,000, w lull) the three lirt n fi rrd to w hen works now under wn) are complctid, will tut loO.OOO fett a tin) betwetn them .St viral of thtse mills aru trul) niiniron) istablishmriits, working over a humlrid men, having logging camps working a hundred more, nud having from one to four s'tnmhoats, nud from six to twenty sail ships in their service It longing to the same owners They nre iirroiuiiliil l) whole towns, in which are hotels nnit stores, churchts, schools ami secret societies, and n populitiou of men, women and childieu from two hundred and lift) to five hundred m number. lagging has licictofore bun conducted on a small but ever extcuilliiL' scale. In its earlier stages, twenty juin and more ago, it sun small and cheap humuuss compared with what it is to day. Two or three men landed to gether and cut tn i s along the shoies. I he logs or piles they lolled into thu bi, fornn d them into little rafts and sold them to thu nulls. For a good many )i-ais there was n i iich thing as buying timbi r laud. No one was here to watch the government's interests, and cveryliody thought it was all right to get lid of timli. r iu the quickest ki.si!i1ii way. After stripping the idges of thu Sound iu this milliner, loggers were compelled to go further back, ami more intensive unifies won re quisite. Tiny havo kept on going back, until hauls over skidded roads of a mile, a mile and a half nud two miles he-came common. Time lo.ig hauls suggested railroads, and a number have been called into reiiuuition, in some cases auimnls furnishing the power and in otlurs steam. That railroads nnd steam will havo to ho the main n liante from this on is rccoviun nud known. It must not be inferred from what wu havo said that the tuiilior has been all taken from thu lands bordering the Sound. Not thu quaiter of it, nor thu tenth, has been taken. Thu pafcser-by would hardly know his hasty glance that thu woodman's axe had ever been lined in the vicinity. From one end of Pugut Hniiud to thu other is a forest prnc-ticiilly un broken. Thu timber o far has only been culled. Mill men havu rejected logs of less than sixteen inches in diameter and sixteeu feet in length, Tho contents of logs n aching their saws average each over 000 foot from one year's end to thu other, and whole rafts have often been Iwiight in which the average con tents exceeded 1000 feet to the long. The de maud for big sticks has causul thu nulling re ferred to, snd thu consequent leaving by the logger of tho smaller timber, Logs containing .1000 and 4000 feet aro more common hero tl an logs of 1000 feet aru iu any part of tho country tast of thu Mississippi river, where the average, as in the great timber State of Michigan, is less than 200 fiet per log, Gnu of these days, when the choicer grades aro less easily obtained; and when tho demand presses moro heavily upon the supply, these old workt-d-over lands will be returned to, and msde to yield timber a second time in no lis quantity than at first, California has hitheito been our principal market, It has taken in tho past year about 160,000,-000 feet from the Puget Hound saw mills. Tho llawuiian Islands furnish our next best market, and after them Peru and Chili, b. , , 0K(,),W:Hani,vMI)' Mexico, Australia and Chin. OuSASXSS tlHil illy of spins, haru btuu scut to South Afrioi, to I'ugln.id, Franco, nud even to thu timber producing shipbuilding .Statu o! Maine, Forty or llf'y million feet per annum will about lovir our uxpoits to tlusn foieigu nnd distant Ini ds. 1'hn houiii consumption ( mm of tho oil U f Inctors iu the trade, snd, tl'ough despised by thu lending mills a few ) ears ngu, is now uu Item of com cm second only to Culiloriiin. Thu building up of largo tow us, and the oxttiisinus nf,uur railroad ) tern, nee mint lor this uhaiign. But our timber is not nlonu adapted to the building of ships and houses, the laying of sidewalks, ute. Our cotton wood makes ilio best of ban els, nud wu havu two facilities tin mug out i half million per minimi Our oak, ash, elder Mid maple mo mpnhlu of being woikid into thu flmst of furniture, and we Im'o two factoius taxed to their utmost mak ing good of this dusciiptioii. Our eedsr makes ebgnnt finishing lumber, nnd eon also bo worked up into pills and tubs With the siuelu exception of fir thorn woods have hard I) been touched lu thu past. Including Alas ka, Washington Punitory contains thu last grint bul) of Umber practically uutmiehml in thu United States. It Is probably thu graiielitt body cm r loulaitiul in any put of thu eoun-t'- KT.ITK M2WS. (. Ilelllt Court coiivoiiii at Albany text MomU) .1, S Nanny luiccte-il It. It. Itolgers as ilg i I serinut nt Itosuburg Teachers' Iimtituto will bu held nt Mon mouth, Polk county, on thu k'.'d lust 'Flier" is to lie an academy budding tree ted b) the) riiterpilaiug eltiruus of Dram s station. The ItoKcdmrg I'lnin Inilrr comes out ia fnvor of the nomination of Hon. M. C. George. Mis. Ill lie ,-speiic'rr ami John Baxter have been i leutcd directors of the Caiieinah school dutrut Wm Smgcr has nt list got his lloiiiiug mill it got h at Ong on thu side of thu cllll gon City in opo- rii'iou, llumocratio primtilt'S iu Vamhlll are to bo held uu Muiuh 18, and county convention on the -Mlh Id ii Agcu has thu beef contract for thu men working on the 0 , C Hiilro.ul south of Itusehurg. Hon It It C-ichinu has hern elected ell. rti tor e.( Kiig- nu City school district audit. G. IjIIuuii clirk. A .1. Nelson and J. A. I.onghi ry wire elected last Monday directors of McMiuuville school dlstlict. The people at I'rineville complain about tliu null from I lie Dalles not arriving at tho former pines on time ( W V. Pratt has been elsrtcil chief engin er of thu Oregon City I'iru Di partmeut, ai.d C ( Mritklrr, assistant. Mr Madder, w hose property win damaged by the water at Oregon City last week, has insulted his hill to thu city council. V. II Bennett, who has written some arti cle rchVctiug nu W. S. Walker, at Philo iinttli, lis concliiilcil that hu ha misstated f cU iu the matter. An linlividiul living at Ore-oil Citv has been tun-1 for gutting dr ink ami abusing his wifu ami children The Fittli City falls to givu tin fellow's n.iuie, Thi) I'lttt l iltj i) n coiiplti were in town this week tliul aiissi r the duKcriptlon of thu two connected w h tlui dlaqx aralica of Wit llamsuli at U alia nlli Mr. 11 lUilv, il tliu illamina lumbering mill', wu am informed, lost about 000,000 feat of logs during thu high water Inst week, by the breaking ot n Imkiiii. . M M Fills hist week sold the bind near Fugviin Clti , piirihiisid a nhoit tune liieu for $.', 100. to .S . Paxt.ii, late from Ohm, for jl,(v00 A goul spieiiUtlon, I lure aru three ii.ixii u s now in thu Biker count) Jill Dan I'-it'ir-oii for unbuilt with intent to kill, and Paul iliuniwav ami Wil son indicted for iiiiii. lur in tliu first degree-. The amount ot Insight, mostl) wheat, re ceived at Oregon City, says Ihv Kutrrjirif, during thu mouth of February, by thn O. It. AN Co , was :i, lli:i tuns. Tim amount for warded, being mostly Hour, was'J.OSl tons, Says the- Knl rfjtimnn Thurn will soon he trec'uil lu Pi iidlntou a large brick buildilur 01) fiet square and two ste litis high. It will be occupied by the most prominent liusintus firms, and will ha au ornament to tho towu, Mill wu climb. Thu A'ii Ornjoman says An oirer has been nude to .1 limine IVrkms thu U I A 0, .Stage) Co 's blacksmith ami an old logger, to run down eight miles on thu Umatilla river, 700.000 font of saw log-, at $'' WJ per M. .Iimmiii went up to look st thu "uaturu of thu briitu" Sunday, and if there) nro uny prospuots will take the lustier in hand TKUKITOItlAI,. An leu lattory is to be in operntiuu soon at .Seattle. Mrs W. II Hmallwood, of Gohlc-udaln, is reqxirtid as being very sick at her home iu that town. V.. G. Kugslls. a prominent citiun of the Sound, elieel at Carbonado, Pitrcu county. W. T., on the "th. A Mr. Tyglm was badly iiijumd at Port Susan, W. T , by a log rolling over him and crushing ono of his legs. A logier named Sharpapplu, working iu a camp near Olyuipis, on Monday had his right arm broken in two places. W. N. Bell of Siatthi, has donutul a lot to tho Odd Fellows of that pla u provided they erect n templu oi. the same within fifteen years to cost Slo.000. What is known as tho Big Bend country, sitiutsd west of this tity and north of Spriigue, says the Spokau Ufoonlilt, coiiUins about 80,000 scrus of rich wheat and giasi hinds, with sufficient timber for farm pur poses. A gentleman just from that district informs us that at no tunu this Winter have cattle been without out-door fuiel. Thu In dians havo raised good com iu that locality, ami many of thu whites intend to inako the experiment. uutiw i niwi mn i J4 ANNUHNtKMr.lT. The National Surgical Institute) of Indian, atiolis with branches at Philadelphia, Atlanta, Ga., and Sail Francisco, which has a National reputation, will permanently establish a branch at Portland, Oregon. Two of thu skilled Surgeons of this Insti tute, piepared with every nccelcd apparatus for this successful treatment of cripples will meet this year at the following placusi Portland, at St. Charles Hotel, April 8, 10. anil llth Albany, April li and I'dtli; Thi Dales, April I7tli; Walla 'Walla, April 10 and 20th; and Seattle, April iUand 20th, and heieafter at Portland, Oregou, on the first two weeks of May and November of each year commencing November, 1B8'-'. Ukwauk of all traveling doctors who may claim to represent any other Institute, for this is the i only surgical institute on this coast with facilities and experiuueo for treat mentof deformities. J.M.Hinki.k.M.D.