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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 17, 1880)
: fW- WlLiAMETTE FARMUR: PORTLAND, OREGON, SEPTEMBER 11, 'kamMiiMAMFMaitMmgraiMuc 'JfH(i0tlTt v to THE STATE OF TKAE. t'ommanlratlsn of UrtrtUry Krld Brad lo lite Board or Trade at lit bint Mrrtlag. Gentlemen: Auotlier harvest has passed, anil it agnln be come our duty to report to you ttie progress made in the oommcrco and trade of Oregon during the year ending August 1st, 1880, for wracn, considering an circumstances, wo nave every reason to bo thankful. Unaccustomed s we aro to lunation in Oregon, wo confess that events which havo transpired since our annual meeting of 1870, giro us strong hopes during tho next ten years of a development 1 and progress second to none of the other States. Immigration keeps (lowing towards our shores, and nttliough tho Western and Southern States, owing to their nearness to the Atlantic coast, still absorb n vast amount of tho foreign and Eastern immigartion, yot wo are steadily in creasing and amassing as a State, and greater wealth and prosperity, compared with our population, than our sister State of California. In former years, nine-tenths of all tho immi grants destined for tho 1'aciSo coast, via the Union and Central l'acifla railroads, settled in California! but now nearly one-half of such now settlers find their way to Oregon nnd Washington Territory, together with a largo proportion from California itself, tho ovidenco of which lies in tho fact that, although thcro aro now running between San Francisco and Portland four of tho largest and finest ocean steamers alloat, witli a carrying capacity, in freight and passongcrs, seven times greater than tho steamers of 1873, vet these ocean steamers aro at all times fully employed. Accordingly, tho recent census reports show that our Mocks and herds in Eastern Oregon nnd Washington still continue- to increase; that our wool exports keep paco with other developments) that our import and domestic shipping trado is augmented each year) and that Portland as a great entcrpot of commerce for tho cutiroNorth l'acificcoast,stillholdsand will continua to possess, tho gate or distribu ting point through which passes that vast and increasing trado not only of Eastern Oregon and Washington, hut also of Western and Southwestern Oregon and portions of Idaho and Western Washington. TlffANCM. Nevertheless last year's short wheat crop in tho Willamctto valley, mouov was moro plen tiful at tho banks than usual, and as a neces sary conscrjuunco no stringency was felt in financial matters. Hates of interest continuo to depreciate, ami therefore, liko other com modities, money is in search of investments, nnd is moro nbiiudant. City real cstato has absorbed and will continuo to absorb a largo proportion of such moneys, especially con sidering tho confidenco our citizens exhibit in the future value, of citv real estate. This year's salmon trado, together witli tho vast sums drawn from Now York and London for railroad building has increased tho exchange business of the banks, and accommodations either for city or country Improvements, or for legitimate trade, aro easily obtained. IIMULTH OK WIIKAT CHOI' OK 1871). Ill our last report to you, in September, 1 870 wo anticipated that our wheat exports, ending August IstrlSSO. wonM'not exceed 140.000 tons. Tho result, lias proved 1870 to liayo been, after all," not such 'an uuprolltnblavcnr as was anticipated, and that our whcatuxpa'rt therefor Jincluding flour) amounted In 177,700 tons,- of winch 120,000 toils' camo 'from West ern Oregon nnd tho roinaindcr from East of tho Mountains. Prices ruled, high, resulting in a return to the producar of over a dollar per bushel. Taking tlii following, which wo find to be correct, tho financial returns from our wheat crop of 1870, yielded us nearly seven millions of dollars t cntAui. viilis. Wheat lo droit BrlUln .(MUM tl.ltU.11! to California WJ.SOJ M3,n to other jiorte. KH.OOO 4V7,3M Total. MT,701 Adding to tlioso figures the export of flour, wo obtain tho following results i Flour, 130.491 turrets (or reduced U wheat, 1(11,111 ocuUli) to (treat IlrlUln; value.:. I 6K,1S Clour to Hin Fruiclwn, lui,077 turrets (equal to;i..).l:llceiiuli);vluo WJ.CM Wheat anl flour In wsrthousce at Furtland am AsUirlaAuiruit lit, ltWO;alue...,. U4.310 Total receipts from wheat and flour eiports for the year lb79. ,, ,.W,CW,1W These wheat shipments to Sail Francisco ought not to bo' considered domestic, but practically foreign shipments, reshipped at that city fur Great Uritaiii. riiooTurr of wheat chop of 1SS0. Wu havo every reason to le thankful for tho yield of grain in Western Oregon this Fall, n ield which competent judges statu as the largest yet. produced In quantity per aero therefrom, especially in thu Willamette valley, and estimated to exceed by (i.1 per cent, that of 1870. Furthermore, its quality and condi tion aro excellent. Hut whilo this is lo in Wcrttaru Oregon, the returns from Eastern Oregon and Washington Territory are scarcely so favorable. There has, however, lcn a much larger area seeded in wheat therein ami in consequence, while tho average yield ikt Acre will Ixi less this year than last, yet the quantity to lo carried to Portland and Astoria from oiit of tho mountains will bo large, unless prices rule lower in tho Winter. Tho following is our estimated surplus for export during tlio present liarvcat year, end ing August 1, 1SSO, including wheat reduced to tlouri TOSS. From Willamette v alley ami Western Oregon. . 1W.0U) From lU.U'rn Oregon, and lUstern Washington Territory . e, i 70,000 (roo,ooo It is much to bo regretted that not only ore prices low, but charters aro high, exceeding sixty. shilling per ton, while tho .number of vessels known to be heading for Qregoin aro not as lirgo as was anticipated In tho Spring: Taking present prices as tho average for this ycir, tho financial rosult to this State and Territory from this year's wheat crop, would bo $7,0111,000, or a little over one million dol lars greater in money value than wo realized last) car. That is to say, from 200,000 tons to be exported this year, we will, (at present prices) realize only 7,0 10,000, whilo from 177,000 tons exported last year (whiuh was a short harvest) we rcaliiod $1,601), 14$. The oat crop all over Western Oregon is alovo the average and prices have not fallen in sympathy with the wheat market, as it is Ixdieved we have a fair market in our own State this year for oats. HALMO.V EXPORTS. During the year just closed we have export ed 4.11,303 cases of salmon, tho greater portion of which realized tho low est prices ruling since this industry was first establislied on tho Col umbia river. These cases Terrcsent part of tho catch of 1 870 and a part of 1 8S0, and there fore do not.show a fair basis of. tho catch of each separate season. This Spring and Sum mer catch has exceeded anticipations, and 630,000 cases have heon packed during 1880. tho prices of which in oil foreign markets tend upwards. The progress of this industry calls for special mention. In 1873 the catch was 231,500 cases, which was then considered an enormous yield. 1877 yielded 400,000 cases, and in 1870 we had 435,000 cases, while this year we have reached our maximum of .130,000 cases, showing tho vastextentaiidthefinoncial value of preserving its salmon fisheries. The 'action of your board last year in exposing and condemning tho practice of labelling foreign brands and selling the same as "Columbia River Salmon," has had tho desired effect, but legislation ought to bo obtained declaring it n penal oflenso to continuo tho malpractices. Your board will uotico that it was successful in its efforts, in Congress to obtain a rcbato on tin exported In salmon cases Tho reckless loss of life and tho distress to families which follows by tho fool-hardiness to fishermen going outsldo tho Columbia bar ought to be stopped, and some legislation ob tained to prevent tho recurrence of such dis tressing accidents. WOOL KXrORTS. This season's product has also increased, and obtained fairpnecs. Wo estimated tho yield all over this State and WosMnifton Territory last year as about soven millions of pounds, but tho result has proved tho clip of 1870 to have been much larger. ToSanPranciscoalono wo exported 7,183,8i") pounds, in addition to which the mill) in tho Willamctto valley ab sorbed 022,000 pounds, and tho Dayton mills, of Eastern Washington, 125,000 pounds, mak ing tho clip of 1870 amount to ovrr 8.000.000 Siunds, realizing $2,303,270 to our people, ompetent judges estimate this year's clip to exceed ten millions of pounds, but tho details of which has not yet been received by us. It is to 1)0 regretted that Boston wool buyers claim that our valley wools arc depreciating in quality. Effort should bo made to stop tills evil, othorwisa the good namo which wo for merly acquired for growing wool will not only bo lost but prices therefor depreciate and thus seriously allcct the present prolltablo naturo of ono of tho four most important Industries of Oregon. lNCMUflt or STOCK OF EASTMIN OltEOON, Tho census statistics, to which wo have had access, show that in Eastern Oregon tho busi ness of cattle raising is going to be a largo and profitable trado. Tho Western cities unques tionably prefer Oregon beef to thoso of Color ado and Texas, and as a necessary consequence our cattlo aro exported overland in large num bers to tho various depots in the Union Pacific railroad. Those extensivo ranges of south eastern and middlo Oregon aro especially adapted to this industry, favorablo prices ob tained tor which encourago us to nopo lor a lareo development therein. With tho North ern Pacillo railroad completed to and from tho r-asicm states, a greater impetus will beeivcn to this trade, keenins- in view the peculiar advantages which tho vacant lands of hastern Oregon and .Eastern Washington Territory now offer for these industries. .'..... . . .V. nivr.n iMrnovr.MK.NT. This most Important matter, iu which tho citizens of Portland have a deep interest, has had moro than usual attention from your board. It is wotl that tho pcoplo of this State and Territory should know that tho im- iiruvciiiuiii. ui an rivura ami liny, is ui equally if not of greater importance to this city than to tho particular community desiring tho samo. The improvement of tho Columbia bar. upper and lower Willamctti and upper and lower Columbia rivers and Cascades, will all draw trado to Portland. Your efforts havo there fore properly-lwon directed during tho past year to obtaining from Congress an cfjti.il dis tribution of government money on such im provements. That tho lower Columbia river should bo improved at as early a day as possi ble, is an admitted fact, for tho reason that an expenditure of something less than $100, 000 will now allow tho largest class of foreign vessels to navigato this great channel of com merce, and tako away and bring to tho pcoplo of tho Interior of both Eastern and Western Oregon and Washington at cheaper rates of transportation tho increasing products which they export ami tho various necessaries of lifo which tlioy consumo and require 'to import, this improvement alone benefiting three fourths of tho entire population of this State and Territory. Tho improvement of tho Columbia bar, which in a corresponding degree is of equal importance, next demands and has formerly been given, your attention. Tho memorials to Congress which your Committee ou Navigation procured signed, contained over 5,000 signatures of residents of tho county of Multnomah, (thus showing the interest which this city takes therein) and were duly present ed to Congress. Of considerable importance to tho Stato at large, is tho locks at tho Lower Cascades, now under construction, developing in a greater measure that eastern country to which wo look forward with pride as the future granary of the North Pacitio Coast. Thoso three river improvements in tho order in which they are named, require the atten tion of our Senators and Ilcpresentativcs, who cannot fail to sco that in carrying through tho same they aro conferring tho greatest benefits which can accrue to this Stato and to iU domeatio and foreign commerce at largo, Tho late high waVr on the Columbia has slightly altcied tho channels of that river in several places, and which wa aro pleased to see is having the attention of that zealous officer, Col. (lilleapio, in charge of our river improvements. Likewise tlio Tillamook light liouso appropriation and tho new surveys tiitl tomporary improvement of tho Columbia liar, all of which are proceeding ns favorably and speedily as we could desire. Wo ought to feel indebted to tho govern ment for sending Gen. Wright, tho chief en gineer at 'Washington of tho harbor and river improvements, to inspect and report to thu government the various claims wo make for river improvements. Such a visit is of vast consequence to Oregon, ami as tno general is now among us we trust your boaid will not fail to seo and represent to him personally our wants. nt.OTAOB .t.lUTOWAOK. This matter has recently come again before you, and will come before tho Legislature now in session. That a thorough revision of our laws on this important subject is necessary, is lieyond question. The present high rato for charters from Portland and thu scarcity of ships at this port is caused in n great measure through the want of adequate towage facilitcs. Steam tugs of tho largest and most jiowerful capscity would double our foreign export shipping trado In two years, to obtain which lilxrul fixed rates of pilotage and towage should lie allowed by tho Legislature, not for small tugs but specially given to powerful steam tuirs which can in anv weather tow into nort and over the Columbia bar, (liko what is done in all other ports) tho largest vessels proceed ing to and from Oicgon. The mode of bring im; about and oneratincr such a desirable change, when made, is lor tho consideration ot tlio Legislature! hut that It Is essentially necessary for tho largest class of steam tugs, and these only, to be employed on the bar, is a matter which all shipping firms and pro ducers of the State recognizo and are mutually interested therein. IMFOIITK. Your board having recently succeeded in obtaining tlio treasury department to license the ocean steamers between han r rancisco and Portland to carry bonded eooels and merchan dise, so that the duties theron may bo paid litre, wo trust will enable us hereafter to ob tain a satisfactory estimate iwnicli otherwise has lieen impossible) ot tho value of foreign imports into Oregon. Enough information has been produced to show us, however, that during tho past year our imports hsvo in creased wonderfully, the value of which has been swelled by tlio l&rgo quantities of steel and iron raiU and railway material imported into this Stato during 1800. The large number of bags imported into Oregon each year, and necessary to en able its people to liarveat and ship their wheat abroad, brings witli it the disagreeable fact that we aro paying largo and heavy ditties to tho federal government for tho privilcgo of shipping our wheat abroad equal to two and a quarter cents on every sack of wheat wo ox port to Great Britain or elsewhere. Such a largo item saved to tho farmers of Oregon when prices of wheat aro low as during this year, is of itself a great profit to our produ cers. So also witli tho heavy and excessive duties on steel and Iron rails placed on our railways, all of which have In tho end to bo homo by tho increased prices which railroad companies must charge for tho transportation of wheat and produco to tide water. These subjects demand your especial attention and consideration, ami strong rep resentations should bo mado to Congress to modify tho duties on sacks and steel and iron rails and railroad material Imported into Ore gon, to procure cheaper Interior transporta tion to tide water, and export her produco abroad. RAILROAD KXTKNStONH IK OREGON. No great country, howovcr vast its resour ces and unexampled its climate, can attain prosperity without a net-work or system of railroads diversified into every availahlo set tlement or extemdvo tract of farming land, tho ovidenco of which Iks in tho fact that Eastern Oregon ten years ago, which now ships 60,000 to 70,000 tons of wheat to Portland, hod then to rccclvo all her flour from this city. Tho corporation or individual who succeeds In con ferring, as Henry Villard, Esq., has nobly done, upon a community tho benefits tn bo de rived from tho Oregon Hallway and Naviga tii n Company's contemplated system of rail roads In Eastern Oregon and Washington, is a national benefactor, deserving tho thanks of the Stato at large. Thcso hastern Oregon railroads whilo materially benefiting tho city of Portland, are in a still greater degree bene fiting and enhancing the valuo of all proper ties in Eastern Oregon and Eastern Washing ton. This proposed net-work, when com pleted to Portland and extended through all tho availahlo lands East of tho Cascades, (which tho Northern Pacifio docs not pene trate), will, without tho proposed eastern con nection, number 400 miles, and all from and through valuable farming postural lands East oi tho utscadot to a termination at Fortlauil. Already 113 miles of this projected system havo nearly been completed and will soon bo in operation, and keening in view tho well known energy and ability, financially and otherwise, of Mr. Villard and his associates, there can bo no doubt this entire railroad sys tem will, within a fow vears. bo in operation all over Eastern Oregon nnd Washington, if nob uciiui ciAeviicicce w u vnilliuvtiuil Willi Iliu Union Pacific. In tho samo country tlio Nurthrrn Pacific is making rapid progress in the direction of Pen d'Orcillc, and aro now constructing 200 miles of its main linothroush Eastern Washington to moct a counccting party irom Montana working tins way. its annual receipts aro increasing so rapidly that its financial ability in tho monoy market to raise funds to complete its enterprise to Port land and Puget Sound "from tlio Atlantic to tho Pacifio" is beyond question. As every attempt will bo tnsde by other Pacifio rail roads to tako away tlio Northern Pacifio's land grant in tho uuxt Concrcss. it will bo for wmr board and tlio piople of Oregon through your ii-iucncuwebiveieiiei uy spuciue representations, to take such steps as will eiiablo us to strengthen their hands when they coma to ask from Congress the extension of timo required. In Eastern Oregon, a foreign company, the Oregonlan Hallway Company, organized under a general act of the last Legislature of Oregon, passed in 1878, and by tho Tetritory of Wash lugton, passed In 1870, aro now constructing a system of narrow gauge railways on tho east and west sides of tho Willamctto valloy, under which tlioy expect to have 120 miles in running operation by the middlo of Novem ber, and tho next year to oxtoud their lines southwards, and also northwards to Portland, making a distance of nearly 200 miles in Western Oregon, expected to bo completes! by thu end of next year. Further eitenslunifjvu proposed thereafter to Eastern Oregon. The O, k C. H. H. Co. havo built eleven miles, branch from Albany to Lebanon, and have also completed their West Side road as far as Corvalhs, a distance of 74 miles, during the year now closed. A company called tho Ne vada and Oregon Hailrotd Company are a'so building a road from Henn, on tho Central Pacifio Kailroad, to Gooso Lake, in South eastern Oret'on, intenilinjr to continua the same to the Willamette Valley. Thcso roads win an terminate cvciuuniiy at 1 ortlaud, so that, unless some unexpected financial collapse takes place, tho prospects that Portland w ill, (only when hor river improvements cm tho Willametteand Columbia rivers aro comoletudl continuo to bo w hat she is to-day, tho second city on the Pacifio Coast to San Francisco.aud havo railroad connection from tho Atlantic to tlio 1'acitio within fivo year, HAiinoit np um'riK. Tho board of engineers authorized bv Con gress to mako this selection have chosen Port Orford, in Southern Oicgon. That this har bor of refuge if ovrr built wilt confer any great bencht on this Stato corresponding with liio amount m money wtucli will bo expended in iie construction is viry doubtful. Injced, taking a modcrato view of it, tho chances aro that tho expenditure of money necessary to bo authorized from timo to timo by Congress will seriously retard the greater improvements riquired in our rivers, and which taken alto gether will not amount to anything liko the sums to bo expended on this harbor of refuge alone. Your lioard's views ou this matter should bo convoyed to our Senators and Kcpro tentatives. BANKIll'lT LAW. It is a recognized fait that tho nliolitioii nf the national bankrupt law in 1870, and the failure of the legislature of this State topssa an a.lequnto act in iU stead, has materially restricted thu interior trado of tho country with Portland, and given cloak for irresponsi ble nicrchanU carrying on coninromiHta with their creditors. Your board has during the last year communicated with various boards id trade iu other States thereon, and a bill, it is believed, will be paused by tho next Congress remedying the evils complained of. Mean time, if our Stato Legislature, now in scision, would alter tho present assignment law so as to enable tho general lxxly of creditors to choose tho insolvent's assignee, somo relief noum uu givcu ins iiicrcaiuuo community at largo. OENEKAL SUTTtrui, Heal Estate Value. During the winter of 1870, a sudden depreciation in tho values i,f farmiug lauds in tno Willammtttu valley took place on account of rust, which for the first time iu the history of the State attacked tho lowlands. Hut tfiis depression did not con tinue long and farming lauds havo once more regained their former buoyancy and would have gone higher hail it not been for the low price of wheat this Fall. In this city values of all real estate, Improved and unimproved, have increased with the confidenco felt in tho future development of the country through railroad building therein all terminating in this city. Building in Portland continues to progress with confidence, and as yet no infla. tion or unwarranted values teem to be placed on real estate, nine-tenths of investors pre feringto hold than to sell at present prices. Development of the Statu. Traveling all over the State, both iu Eastern and Western Oregon, one cannot fail to seo great changes and improvements, and that the people are reaping tne nencnt oi moneys ixing spent In railroad construction. Labor is fully em ployed at remunerative rates of wages, and oiitldcnco both in the future of this city and btoio seems to pervade all classes of the) com munity) while transportation charges on tho Willammctto river and tho Railroads of Western Oregon aro nondcratc, and tho prico of sackj, agricultural ImplomenU and other commodities used by the producer are cheaper in prico thisyear than previous years. Immigration and Travel botween San Fran ciaco and Portland om tho steamships are still Increasing, while immigrants aro arriving overland In wagons to settle in our midst in larger numbers than formerly. The character of tlioso magnificent ocean steamers of tho O. II. t N. Co. has helped materially to incrcaso our population, and fow persons return from our Stato dissatisfied with our resources. Abroad and in our sister States and Territo ries Oregon's reputation is being wielo spread, and tho prospects aro as we become better known our immigration wrll incrcaso in a greater ratio than It has done even intho past, caused by tho development In railways, anil the new lands which will bo opoued thereby to tho immigrants and new oomors in search of homes. Manufactories Unfortunately fewncwlargo enterprises of this naturo havo been added to thoso now in oporation. althoush In the coun try districts minor improvements aro being tnaelo. With the great water power facilities which our stato possesses, and In such abund ance, with timber and tho raw material hero and moderato transportation facilities, there cannot bo a doubt but maiiufaotuilng enter prises will In this Stato eventually incrcaso and dlsplaco tho present Urge very large, In deedImports from the Eastern States of ag ricultural implements and all sorts of wooden nnd iron ware, nails, etc., used in this Stato. Tho profitable extensions mado by the Oregon Iron Works Company at Oswego show tho chances thoro are for tho development of such industries, and what is necessary to bring out such a result is the co-operation of a few of our prominent and wealthy citizens In enter prises such as tho establishment of rolling mills, and tho erection of a sugar refinery in or near Portland. Tho repairs to the exten sion of railroads already existing in this Stato and Washington Territory would keep well employed a small rolling mill in Oregon for years to come. IIMICIKATlON Or TIIR ftKCRKTARl. In parting with your board as Its Secretary for six years I cannot sufficiently express the pleasure it has given me to co-opotate with you in tho various publio duties to which you havo so repeatedly called me, and I trust your board will iu the future progress In the pub lic's confidenco as it has dono in tho past, anil continuo to bo a disinterested institution, whoso whnlo aim and objects aro and havo been tho development of tho entire State at large, favoring no section in particular, indi vidual or corporation, STATISTICAL I.NroKMATlON, Under a former resolution this year' de tailed statistics will fail to bo mado up on tho first of January next. Hut I havo compiled tho usual abstract statement of our export at thn harvest year ending 1st ol August, I860, which you will ho pleased to notice exceeds fifteen millions of dollars. None but those working with statistical Information can ap preciate, as I do, tho valuablo services which thu Commercial Jltjxrttr of this city renders thu mercantile community from timo to time, and thoso which Mr. J, It. Farish, its editor, has rendered to mo as a member of t'10 statis tical committee of your boad. I rcu.aln, gen tlemen, your obedient servant. WlLtlAnHr.li, See. Portland, Oregon, Sept. 13. 1680. dr.4Rirr.mr tUMHAHra kdi'out. Wo aro under obligation to Secretary Earhnrt for copies of tho reports of tlio various Stato CTicials. Wo inulco tho following ox t met from tlio Socrcitary'H Report : 8TATK I.Nnr.IITEIWEm. Tlio npgrcpate amount of Stats indebtod nras, September 1, 1878, was 8737,717 ."VI ex clusive of accrued Interest upon outstanding warrsnts, etc., and includim? tlio Indian war debt of 1877-8. Tlio tout amount of tlio Stato debt, September 1, 1880, exclusive of interest, was fJ 11,370 IS, allowing a rod no tion iluriui; biennial term just ended of $220, an 19. Tbe present indebtedness is shown by tlio following statement) IIONU4 DKAKINII fKVKN Mill CUNT. lNTtrifveT. Soldiers' relief bonds, payablo July 1, 1881 $ 701 10 Tlio soldiers' liounty Imnda, pay able January 1, 187.1 23,850 00 Willamette Kails canal bonds, pay able January 1, 188 151,000 00 Modoe war IkuuIs, payaulo Janu ary 1.1 SS0 132,021 78 Umatilla war bonds, payablo Jan uary 1, 1800 45,475 51 8350,508 WAHIIANTS. II'J OUTHTANM.MI Varrat4s drawing 10 per cent. In terest payablo out of si.ccifio funds tucli as swamp, overflow ed, tide. livo per cent, and other land funis, exclusno of interest. $131,530 00 Outstanding arrant e ptyablu from special tax, exclusive of interest. 20,337 70 $151,807 70 Tota, Sttto Indebtedness Sep tember I, I8S0 JJ.ill.37fl 15 Tlio interest due upon the unpaid ludanco nf tho outstanding warrant debt September I, 1880, was estimated at 813,000. This added to thu principal, $20,337 70, makes an agcro jjatu amount of $.1.'1,337 70 still duo. The sum which ill he derived from tlio three, null tax for 1A80, now in tho course of collec tion, will extinguish this eutilo debt, and luatuahrgo surplus iu thu treasury, which may bo applied to tho erection of an inauo asylum, or to tho completion of tho capitol building. Tho purpose for which this tax was created Hill thui Ikj accomplished and it may lie discontinued. The Modoo war debt, 8132,021 78 (princi. pal) liecamo duo and delinquent ou tlio first day of January of tlio present year. This debt should le refunded and 7 per cent, bonds re-isucd therefor, ptyablu iu ten years, cir at the option of the Mate, ami a special tax of one and cmedialf mills levied to bo applied to tho extinguishment of the principal and inter est of the whole of tl.e bonded war debt of tho Slate. Thu Willamette falls canal and lock bonds authorized by act of Legislative Assviubly, October 21, 1870, nayaUu from tho Stato laud fund will become due is the lirst day of Jan. uary next. This dettsHould also be refunded and new bonds issued tUiefor, s I LATEST FROM MAIlfE. The very latest news' from Mains shows a large vote and probablyj no election of Gov ernor by tho people. Jluth sides claim a plu rality, but as the Legiiljturo is very largely Kepumican, in cose tin Is no election by tlio people, tho UepuUiul candidate will bo elected there. EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF TABLE Showing Now Policies written dnrinjr tlio year 1879 of Lire Insurance Companies doing business In California . California Business. Kama. Location. rT7T It Sin iHte... ifyn Mf Mutual lire. Mr rumen t . . . , Hartfonl New York New York J-Una IlrooVWn Ufa. GoulUbULIfe. Oermanla Life John Hancock Mutual Life. , Manhattan Life Mutual Ufa Nations! o( If. 8. of A. Life New Kngtand Mutual Life New York Lite 'Travelers. , Union Mutual Life New York Iloston New York New York Washington, D.C., Iloston Now York Hartfonl Augusta, Me. , 'Prindpsllv accident business. DEATH LOSSES PAID BY THE PACIFIC MUTUAL LIFE INS. CO. OF CALIFORNIA. From January 1st to July 1st, 1880. Nanisof Insured. Residence, Geo. (VNell John Krauss Msnuclfl. Veyna,,., Walter Miles.. Hsm. (1. Harrison... Clmon Kotnilnskjr, , llyram Leonard John Williams Drill K. Doan John Twaddle CIim. M. Ifcnbrook,. Christian Jensen ,,,. Chas. 1'. Gray Allan W. Malson.... Jaraca Mills..,...,,, Win, Sharp ,,,, Edw.J. o'Nell II. II, Qattermann,, John J. Meabvrn.... AlliertW. Foster.... James II, Donnelly John II. Hmlth..,,,., Uenlcla. CJal. . 8an Francisco, Cat jhcaioca, aiexico F.I Dorado, Usl Sacramento. Gal 8an Francisco, Cal. ninierset, lows.,, Marjssllle.Cal Itsoo, Neiada , Fnnktcmn. Nevada Downey City, Cal stoore a f iai, ui Dm Dolnes. Iowa Beatlte, W.T nan Jose, uu Jackson, Cal Han Francisco, Cal llecertllle, Cal retaluma, Cal Olympla, W.T. M. raul.-MInn Orown's Valley, Cal It will be sea br ike above that the PACIFIC MUTUAL did last year, nearly twice the bualaoM of the LARGEST, and more than ALL the other csomblned. Tho Portland Hoard is composed of the following woll known men who rcpreiont 810,000 each i JAMF.S UTF.KI.K, Cashier First N.Unll Dank. J. A. 8TW)WllllirHlK, Wholesale laUi,r and Flui'lifl. L. (!. IIKNUICIISKN.IIsnrlchun 4 0rnUlT. (1. K. NOTTAI1K, I'hlslclan. K. V, KOOKILS, Uen'l Ticket and Freight efent, 0.4 C.lt.It.Co. c: Manager for Oregon, Idaho nnd Washington Territories. Oftico 102 First street, Portland, Oregon. Incorporated 1834, Home Mutual Insurance Co OF CALIFORNIA. FIRE ONLY. Los8CsPaidorrMUn$l,334,G33.44 LossesPaid Ogn$lG2,3G3.29 Oregon Brunch Office, GEO. L. STORY, Manager, (bnitliaut corns' ot fn mnt HwU ..,., Opposite 11.1 4 Tiltoa's llsnk, 1-OUTLAND, OUF.OON. epll-tf WARNER'S SAFE KIDNEY and LIVER A 1'o.sltivc Cure Tor all Kid iicy.Mvcr mid UrinaryTroublcN of boili Mulo and FciiuiIch. READ THE RECORD: "llsaud my life," -K. II. Ukely, Bclina, Ala. "It la the rcmitty that will cure the many diseases eeiillar to woiikIi." Mother's Mavatlno. "U lias tsuMcd scrcro tests and won endorsements from some of tho lilj(hit medical Ulci.t In thernuiitr)r." -New Vork World. M No remedy heretofore discovered can no held for one moment In c-ouiMrlson with lt.N -U. A. Harvey, D.D., Washington, D. O. This Great Natural Remedy la for Bale by Druirfclat In all Parte ot tho World. Try it and Take no Other. H. H.WARNER & CO., ltOCIIKSTKH, NKW VOllK. SIBSON, CHURCH & CO. Shipping and Commission MERCHANTS. X. J'J. Covnov of Anh and Front fltvcctH, rOIITLAND, sepltf OHF.GOK. THE BISHOP SCOTT ;!t AHHilt K IIOOL, AMI lilt HI'HOOI. FOR BOYS AND YOUNG MEN RKOI'K.VH AL'iU'nT 31, IW), WITH NKW AND httur f.ultltks than ever before offered. In. itrualon thorough. Hj. UI attention ul. to KinclMi, tits bujs for IXiiice or lor Jlu.lnc.i. Jlu.lc, It.,k. keeiJiu', Modern Languigc sue-etaafully Uught. Wend for Cauloifiie. Addrms the Hector, the UT. Ki:. II. lsMM MOKKItf, U l Or tin- llbtd IhuUr: fatOF. J. W. HILL, JulliuJ 1'OltTLAMl), Oregon. 4bVrW fi) Jit x not it in m: INSURANCE New Policies Written Number. Amount Premium, Ml il,M5,M M fM,37H M 17 13 IM 23 No report IS 309 No report 71 11V.MJU VU 28,100 00 718,600 00 x.vui to 1,072 W 25,743 72 4,609 M 97,500 00 n.naoo 1,323,291 00 s6o,'m'oo fW.I.OOO 00 4,810,900 00 3,054 M 49,219 A "10,787 "(A 33,3M M 20,087 41 25! 1710 No report 33l!l 110,129,802 00, M1.822 19 roller I Number Ami of Policy Premiums! Paid Net (lain. 8,382 6,8111 lO.teVI 4,470 I 1,000 600 1,080 1,000 8,000 I 16328 45 00 I,84f"72 4SI 40 664 43 720 M 2,403 40 J,043 3S lit 00 600 35 880 12 712 M 1,673 20 2,848 73 1,011 72 4,872 20 004 24 020 30 1,800 M 802 22 1,678 80 873 20 2,823 00 (OS 87 SIS 67 20T 31 0,131 4,28ft 9,307 3,045 3,68(1 2,233 7,241 10,800 0,603 10,238 2,610 2,600 IB! 0,870 777 S34 00 0,1") 180 1,000 1,000 2,600 2,000 3,000 2,000 6,000 1,000 1,000 I.06S ftt 04 40 430 06 110 88 1,787 60 820 80 136 27 88 23 127 80 ,, 80S BO 37B 70 2.600 1,181) 04 1,000 8,000 1,000 137 78 3,421 20 127 80 177 00 0,764 07 11,107 8,110 1,000 104 33 44,700 111,663 26 133,212 75 CIIAItra IMDOK. Ilodpi. Davis 4; Co. a A. DOl.l'H, Attorney-at-Law. J. McCltAKK.V, Wholesale Dealer. J. K. UII.I, Ktatloner. W. W. Hl'ALDI.NU, Wholesale Ilutcher. tO FA It MKItS AND LAND OWNERS. A NEW HAILWAV LAMB OITsCK. A Nan for ftrllllas; Oreon Isnsnlgraals em Willamette s alley Lands, Tlio Oreironlan Hallway Company directors has s or dered a land oltlcej to lw riennl In Itorlland In connee. Uon with that company's business. The narrow niura r.t.teR01:Wm5,iAaM5T,,"i.'iwip &i- - iler.lopeto a greater ealcnt lhanat present thoM Isiira tracts of farming lands lylnir Idle along- the proposed line of railway which It Is now constructing- Iu the lllainctt Valley, and exx.llly along- tlio Cuast and Cascade rang-ea In Western Oregon and In middle aud Houtheaatern Oregon, and assist Immigrants to locale) thereon on easy terms, so as to soiulre large and In creasing freights and passenger, lafflo each sear for their tarluus narrow gaugo lines, and contey Uieunjo to Portland. Farmers and other land owners w hose lands llo along the proosl narrow gaugo line of road, and who, through want of transiorUtlon facilities are unable to cultivate or wish to dl, pose of the lands they own, or part thereof, at present unproductive to themseltcs and to Hie rltate, will thus hsie an organised agency In dally communication with Immigrants at I'ortlsiid to aell their lands, and may have the earn, cut up Into smaller farms of let) to 320 acres and settled by Imml. grants; and thereby the narrow gauge comiieny ciixict to have an IncreAsex! scream of crona each iur L. La carried by their ralUaya. The company's land office here will organise agencies in r.urur. si iwi f (inuKU ihi III in. i;nitHl nutc. fordlswmlnatliiglnformatloiiabruulastotlrigonandot' the vsi loin (rnilng land along IUlliieaofrallay;tar. relive for UiolrafinoiUtlonejidM..ttli!me!iiftfaiiftitmiti. tleaon Urge ami contiguous ImIIiscI land belonging to farmers and will find purcluucrs from among Imml. rants ami others arrlilng In the Htate for such smaller ,racU of land as may Im for sale all Ivinir klnn tii Iiv.m.., ,,,icw ui im iKiina., uus nun ncr. tiso. ...... I !!.... ...I.. :.n l ... l . . chasers to Imiwct In lron the various farms which ngri ma) m pltce-d In the hands of Ui. railway u.iniij'a land otflie fur sale, half fare tlekels to and from tli. stations nearest to such fsrins will bo riven l. tl. nm. peny, and rexlue eel rates of freight chargul on his per unal erfeets when carried to the firm he purchases. tt hen salts aro mad. by the land otitis and tli seller dealres one bslf or two ihlrds of the I The to ha ink! nun urn ii, in. unn coiiimui)'s omce lulviliog I. tn. m. migrant pureha.r from a third to a half of the price liichand ay tho asm. to the sellrr-whleh, along with whatever small Kirtkm of the pure haw print the Immigrant's nitons enable him to y, will lumldtrably re.luca the debt to the seller, who will rw-clie direct from thu purchaser, a security over the laud for tho third or half the prlea remaining unpaid. The lend bttlce hss arranged to give sueh Immigrant purchaser or purehaacrs sis to eight )irs' time to riyby Install. mine irom en. prom, vt ni larm in. amount or money thtymay adianeeiaiidiay to the seller. In this way the narrow gaugo eiiiiijeii)' Islul oltlce Is enshlcd to make a mutually advantageous sale of farming lande btngalong the railnay, for selltrand pureliaaer. Tb. former reeUee at omu In cah a half to twotlilrils of me ue oi Hie urming una lie tells, whii. the letter who Is generally a nun of limited me-ana, when he ar rlvee In a new cuuutry has the aaalstanrej of the rait, wav u4niuii)'etlllevln actually advanelng for lilm In eh one-third to one-half of the purchase prlco of th farm he buvs from tho aeller. Ileildea which h irt-ta from six to eight year's time to make and prepuce from the fiu the amount of money he hae borrowed font the narrow gaugo railway couijen's land Office. The advantage to acme to thu emiMiiv frr.ni mLI.. Iiahlngeuelioltlevls nuking It the machinery to get settlers located on what U now unprodueth. lands along Its line, and lurreawd imputation and settlements and acreage In truM to Im carried by the railway there after follow from tear to vear as a nutter of course; while, ou tb. other hand, the bUte ri-cievcs thereby n vine,. mi.! ii.Miuerr ui Mini Heretofore unpro ductive, who thus get comfortably locatul ami Incrcaso tin-agricultural wvalth of the country, (V.I. J, II, Wheat, sltorney.at law, of this illy, and Uuly land agent of tlio Northern Factflo railroad at KaUma, has ln s.,liiU.l the land agent for the narrow gauge ewuiiii , w Iiom oltlce will bo louetel In that comiuii)'. building whenever arrangements are complete!, Fanners ami Land Owners who hare Lands for sale along lh lints of railway will pleaae apply for blanks and full iwrtlculire at the comiauiy'a oltlte, in llr.t street, I'orlUnd, Oregon, Ui JOHN H. MHIMT, Agent. Approvr.1 1 MILU t)l HFIIt, Ixsel 1're.ldent. A CARP. minswiu.F.xi'osF. onk, V. A. tM, FOIL I- mcrlv front Albany, Unit County, who uuiu to ialla Walla U.t Hprlng, representing himself as "wonderful contractor'' from Albany, putting on all the si) le and dignity one could. This gentleman earns to ui) hotel (the Columbian), and run a board bill of lortythrwi dollars and Anally borroaed fifty more. When he left the hotel ho ttrutk a Irlend and borrowed ten dollars aud aalel me on account. I And he gulled many other inraons previous to lulling Walla Vvalla. I for one, Ullei.lu espoahig all siuh tramps to thw worio. it. it. iiuu.mis, proprietor, CuluiubUn lloul. Walla Walla, W. T. au77.ll m ii 1