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About Oregon City enterprise. (Oregon City, Or.) 1866-1868 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 27, 1866)
vt) c U) cckiy lnt erpriS t Oregon City, Oregon 1 4 Saturday, October 27th, 18661 The Oregon City Enterprise. The Oreoox Citt Enterprise commences its existence to-day, and according to the general custom some statement of the pur poses for which . it is intended, will be made, Persons interested in the growth and prosperity of Oregon City have long felt a desire to have an establishment of this kind here, and for the purpose of making known t the outside world the to any advantages to be derived from investments at Oregon City, we hare consented to take the task upon our elf of furnishing a thorough newspaper, which shall exert not merely a local, but a general influence for the benefit of the State. This object will be kept steadily in view to the end that the Enterprise may give char acter to its pos;tions and weight to its opin ions. -. The establishment has been pur chased by an association of gentlemen, and given into our hands, and, as has ben the case with us lor the past few years of our connection with the leading paper of the State, we shall constantly aim to deserve well of the public. We shall spare no exer tions to make the Enterprise a welcome vis itor to everv household and place of business in the State, and shall look for our reward in substantial encouragement which outlives the transient excitements brought about by the advocates of political parties. We shall not wholly ignore the political school it is a matter of impossibility to be strictly neu tral in these days. All people have their political preferences, and we have ours. We believe it to be the duty of all loyal and lib erty loving people to aid in strengthening the hands of Congress in the contest which now seems inevitable, and tor such ulterior ends, when political subjects are discussed in the columns of the Enterprise, we shall lend our efforts. But the crownino- and especial characteristic of the paper will be founded upou theguotl of the Stale of Oregon nd the prosperity of its people. Ohegok Central Railroad Com. Railroad enterprises have occupied much Of the attention of the people of Ore gon of late years. They have been specu lating on the wonderful results that would accrue from the early completion of a road from Oregon to California, aud the proba bility of success in competition with Cali fornia1 for the trade of China. There is no doubt but that a valley railroad would greatly stimulate the growth of our State and be of extraordinary value to tbe agri cultural interests. Elsewhere we publish an article from the Oregrmian on this subject, together with the ai tides of incorporation of the Oregon Central Railroad Company. The names attached to the document are suffi cient to guarantee that success must follow the inauguration of this great work. The road will have to be built with cash, for the reason that no particular aid will be derived from the grant of lands, except as specified by the article to which we have referred. The report of the special committee of the Legislature upon this subject, which is also -given in full in another place, is a strong argument in favor ot the enterprise. Many of its points are worthy of attentive cousid- eration. Oregon and Montana Transport TJon Company. The Oregon Steam Navi Ration- Company has again taken another very important ieach in the direction of the Missouri river, by forming an alliance with the Pioneer Steam Tr ansit Company of last year, which was composed of Messrs. Moody, HumBon, Savage and others, for the pur pose of securing to Oregon the trade and travel of Montana. The new organization was perfected at Portland on the 1 6th. and was incor ..orated as the Oregon ami Montana Transportation Company. It takes a lare amount of money to put into successful op eration au enterprise of tlie magnitude of this, but with Japt. J. (J. Ainswurth for President, S. G. lieed Esq., Vice-President, and Messrs. R. R. Thompson, Z. F. Moody, H. A. liogue and others interested as direc tors there is no "rubbing it out." Inde pendent of all other assistance we believe we have men in Uregi n who coulu build the Northern Pacific Railroad if they set about it. Westward. The Cincinnati.Ohio, Gazette has a correspondent traveling in Oregon. We have read his letters with in terest, lie depicts in fine terms the beau ties and resources o our Stat-;, lie does not take a desponding view of the country, but gives a painting performed with a ood eixed brush. Denn Jichmni died in New York n the 20th day of August last. Mr. Rich mond was a self made man. He was born at Woodstock. Vermont, on the 3 1st of March, 18(4 He had a restless and enter prising spirit, through which he acquired great wealth. Ben H.. hid ay has taken the new mail contract from Salt Lake City to the Dalles. From Boise City to the Dalles, the mail will be car-ied bv G. F. Thomas & Co., to whom Holladay has sub-let the contract. The route will probablv be in operation in a week or ten days. An Act amendatory of"" an not . eniitTed an act to incorporate the city of Portland failed to pass the Legislature. So, ays the Oregoniar,, the Citv Marshal will cot be chosen by the " roughs," and sredv loufers will not l ave the inducement of $3m per vear to become members of the Council. Looming Up. Those enterprising gentlemen. Messrs. McCraken, Merrill A Co., io a recent circular state that ' the manu facturing interests of this coast are looming up very considerably." That's the very word to describe it. Not to Pat. Honorably dis charged soldiers of the Union army are not required to pa7 the fie per cent, income tax. If they have been assessed thev can f o to the Collector of Internal Reveuue and get it taken off. Bledsoe, Daniels, Williams, Lam bert, and one other of the escaped convicts have been returned to Sal em. Bledste was captured at Ashland. Daniels and Williams were captured at Red Bluff, California. The latter were the robbers of the Umatilla safe, A nini has been put into active operation at the Dalles, but as the coin was spurious the operatives were arrested. The atufl made was quarter eagles and half dollar pieces. Dailt Times. -The .new paper so Jong talked of in San Francisco, The Daily Tim, will commenc its existence on the frtb proximo. V Aericnltnral Fairs. w We found it impossible to attend either the Linn County Fair at Albany, or the State Fair ht week at Salera.'.ehouiaave junncu..'iu iwuk upuit mese occasions in person, and give"; some general observations-on what was to be seen, but as we did not, we ; are under, obligations to a friend who attended at Albany for the following I find that my engagement to give you a description of the Xinn County Fair, as I saw it, was much easier made' than kept. , .There was a. jreryrespectable gathering of people, who brought with them and about them, abundant signs of a comfortable de gree of prosperity in material things. They were . v eUj. dreacd community, riding be hind fine horses in well made farm wagons, express, and family carriages, who- had come apparently to see, rather tban to participate in the Fair. With the exception of horses the exhibition was light, but what there was of it was good, and with the sum-i excepiion the exhibition was irell provided for, and conducted m an orderly manner. In the trials of speed there were some discordant signs, which , became very apparent when the committee who awarded the premiums gave in their decisions, which left the im pression that many of the horse raisers had given all the good breeding to their animals. There was alack of female equestrians. I saw but one there might have been more. The bloom upon, her cheek and the sparkle of hor bright eye was evidence that it was a healthy nnde of attending the Fair. The exhibition of fine wool sheep was good. I send you a few samples of the pre mium fleece, a yearling cross-bred ram ot the S panish and Austral'an Merino, fifteen months old when shorn, exhibits by Mr. J Minto of Marion county. This sheep was en tered for wool and mutton combined. The fleece weighed 18 pounds. Mr. Minto also had some excellent American merinos, of Spanish and Australian cross. Some Span ish merino, Faench and Australian, etc The sample of wool from the Spanish and Australian merino we have examined closely, and rind it to be mucn better than the "Ex tra" wool, assorted aud in use at the Factory here Ed. , , The State Fair passed off quite pleasantly. There was not a very noticeable improve ment in the display of agricultural imple ments, which, called forth comments from the Oregonian reporter as follows : It must be thought aftpp mrhiia u farmers and mechanics of the State are eitner carrying ou their work without tools or with such miserably poor ones that thev are ashamed to show them. I find, to-day that a very few additions have been' made to the collection of yesterday.- A visit to the Oregon Giant reaper, noticed vesterdav, n-vealed the fact that it sported the blue ribbon, the color of all first premiums. Mr. Delos Jefferson, of Salem Prairie ex hibited a horse rake of his awn manufac ture, which took a first premium; also a straw cutter of his own make first premium Mr. John W. Lewis, of Oregon City, had a plow the "Union Farmer" a stronir well made miplemeut, furnished with ' a re volving cutter, which took the first premi um. While such plows as this can be bought within our own State, there is no earthly ex cuse fo-r sending East for our pows ' There was another good looking plow, made by N. M.Ward of Dal.as, Polk county, wlict took the second premium. The Illinois "Clip per," of which Mr. F. Bartels exhibited several along side of the Oreou made did not strike me as being so strong, nor 'were they superior in any respect, so far as I Could judge. The - Dayton" reaper exhibited by some body unknown, ami apparently not entered is a machine constructed on the same ren eral principle as the "Oregon Giant,"ut cuts only al.out half as wide and is more complex. It had neither card nor ribbon attached, andthougn.it seemed a strong good machine, I am unable to give the ex hibitor credit. ' This is a meagre list, is it not ? And yet, beside those implements and machines men tioned yesterday, they comprise all that are to be seen It is a shame upon the State, and upon almost every individual farmer and mechanic, that this department of the Fair iseaehyeara farce and each vear more far cical than the preceding one. When will our people learn thnt. imi,pni.mt means by which they carry on ti.eir busi ness is one of their essential needs? I am not afraid to assert that if you were to fol low some of the sacks of fine graiu, big corn and huge vegetables home, to the patches where they were raised, you would find, in half the cases, an old, rickety plow, covered with rut nd lying in a fence corner, a rusty hoe, a broken rcV. an awkward, heavv and clumsy cradle, hung up in hen coop, etc., etc., the tools with which the farmer is wearing out his strength and depleting his purse If our people have got better tools tnan 1 have described, why do not thev bring them out for exhibition"? Even a "strong! well-made ox-yoke or hand rake would be a cheering sight at the State Fair. It is a source of regret that the State Fair was not b tter attended by exhibitors. The victories to be obtained at such a time con. tribute largely to the civilization and moral advancement of a State, which from its luxu riousness of climate, wealth of soil and min eral deposit ought to rank first A good dis play at the State Fair not only shows the skill, energy and courage of the people while they are building up among themselves a Stat with all the elements of enduring wealth and greatness, but they virtually go to prove that a wilderness has been turned iuto a fruitful field, and a desert redeemed from sterility has been made to blossom as the rose. They show the substantial gains of progress, prove the expansion of the field, and cause the admission that there is here a wide sphere for human development and happiness. The fact that the producer has failed to properly represent the State, at the Agricul tural Fair, is no evidence that the State is not only a good, but truly a first class agri cultural region. Our fields of grain, and hay, would make an Eastern farmer dance for joy, and our orchards are far superior to those of the most famous States, while com mercially speaking there is not a land so favored, as this promises in the future. At no distant day Oregon will have a controlling interest in the trade of all lands washed by the Pacific Ocean. China, Japan, Asiatic Russia, the Pacific Islands, etc., must event ually buy and sell m our marts, while the great mining interior of Idaho, British Col umbia, and Montana, must naturally con tribute to the greatuess of the State. In all prosperous countries agriculture is the lead ing interest. It never occupies a secondary place, and in future it is honed that thin in. terest will take a more decided preference oyer all others, at the annual Fair of the State Agricultural Society. A sie has been selected . by Col. M.I. Ludingtoo. Chief-Quartermaster's De partment at Washington, for a National Cemetery at Culpepper, Va., and a corps of workmen are now employed under the di rection of Maj. James Gleason, A. Q. M., in laying out, grading and fencing in the grounds. It contains an area of six acres, and is intended to receive the remains of all those men b'iriea between the Rappahanock river and Gordonsville, including those who fell in the battles around Cedar Mountain, estimated at about 4.W0 bodies. - On Saturday last as Mi. Zahniser was returning home from the State Fair the tongue of his wagon broke, when descending a hill near the Fulton House, which fright ened the horses and caused the wagon to ud set, killing a little - sou aged about 7 veara almost instantly. 3 .,.. The Oregon Citv Patjer 1E1L a rf j- The buildin g for the pioneer paper mill of Oregon is now completed, in this city, and 4he machinery welldTanewrrepsratory to' active operations.! If will in every particu lar be a first class establishment. The capi tal stock of the company is $50,0OO.r;Tht pres ent machiuery includes one full set,of modern cylinder description, wita capacitjv to turn outrabout e1500 -pounds of "paper per dayr Of operatives they will employ about 20 men and women. The building is of brick aud stone.To'ur stories high SO by 60 feet in size, with an addition two t6ries'bigh, 17 by 60 feet ia size. This space is" divided into rooms adapted'' for''the' accommodation of the work ; of making paper.' which, process we shall attempt to here describe, from in formation derived through Mr. T. K. Clifton. When the ptock is first received it is weighed, arid then hoisted to the fourth story of the main building, used as a stock room. As it is wanted it is passed through an opening to the ( third story, or sorting room, where the process of sorting the ma terial for each particular kmo of paper is gone through with, and the rags so sorted are placed in proper bin.- . ;It next passes to the second story, where it ia subjected to a process of cutting and dusting, , thence it passes into the first story, where it ia bleach ed, and after passing the engines is collected in large eliptic tubs, where it is ground into Dulp. The pulp now passes to the " stuff chest," from whence it Is pumped up to the paper machines, where the nicest process is performed. After leaving the "stuff chest" the pulp passes into a vat, where itlorms into a sheetcou a wire cylinder, the water being all extracted by a fan wheel, and turned back to another section of the vtr to pass through the same process over a d again, leaving the pulp to adhere to the filling ma chine as it moves along,, on through the first press rolls. At this point the sheet has vitality sufficient in- itself to bear its own weight, and it passes on through the secod press rolls, next to the drying cylinders, thence through the calendars, next on the reels, and finally to the cutters, where the paper is laid offin sheets) and taken by the hep to the finishing , rooms, where it is counted, folded, pressed, bundled, and next finds its way to market. Taken throughout, the work of making paper is one of rare interest. The mill in this city is really a credit to the superin tendent, Mr. W. W. Buck, and chief archi tect and millwright, Mr. A. M. Hardin, and an honor to the enterprise of its project ors. There is a great demand for materials by which it may be kept in active operation when once under wa The market for paper on this coast the past two years has been but poorly supplied, and most kinds have been high and constantly hardening. The two mills of California, at Tayiorville and Santa Cruz, have been but a mere "drop in the bucket" as it were, as, while they have been constantly employed, prices of paper still gradually advanced with a very scant supply. In 1865 the pioneer mill at Tayiorville manufactured 5,(580 reams of news, and 6,840 reams of wrapping. Thv are doing even better than that the present year, and yet they are unable to fill their orders. We have no report from the Santa Cruz mill, but no doubt they, are doing equally as well. v The Oregon City mill will open with a very liberal prospect for the future. The stock on hand is not of sufficient amount to wan-ant the company in making new at first, but they are prepared to do s, as soon as tney nave material. commonly scarce, and high, in all parts of j j " lew years, mis i neing tne case paper-makers have been turn ing their attention to the discovery of other materials suitable for paper stock. All kinds of plants, from those which grow near our own doors to the luxuriant growths of tropical regions, have been experimented on with but partial success; but now it seems probable that for the future the main source ot supply will be the forest. It is at least a ceutury, and wj do not know how much longer ago, since paper was made experi mentally in Europe from wood ; and, not withstanding repeated improvements, the requirements of cost aud quality have not until recently been met. The manufacture of wood paper, is now, however, an accom plished fact. There are two large establish ments, near Philadelphia, where it is carried on. In one of these a paper containing 60 per cent of wood pulp is turned out. and in the other, which is on an immense scale, an excellent paper for printing purposes, com posed of 80 per cent wood and 20 per cent, sn-aw , is made. The larger and more suc cessful establishment is capable of turning out from i:4,W0 to 30,000 pounds of pulp Sine Die. The Legislature of Oregon adjourned on Saturday last sine die. Aside from passing the Constitutional Amendment, and electing a Union man, Hon. II v . corbett, Senator, their transactions are not particularly known to th nnhi.V The railroad Bill reported by the special committee was amended and passed. It provides for the payment of interest upon bonds on completion of twenty miles of the road, after the company have secured a pat ent for the land granted by Congress. Upon these considerations the State Treasurer is authorized to sign coupons for $200,000 worth of bonds at 7 per cent, which process is repeated upon each successive twenty miles, until one hundred miles is finished and $4,000,000 of bonds have been issued! After a certain period it comes back again to the State. A very excellent bill to fur ther provide for the sale of school lands be came a law. If judiciously enforced for a few years its operation , will practically do away with the school tax, and districts largely populated will receive their m of interest from the distributed funds The apportionment bill, decidedly a much needed m easure and one which was strictly required by tne Constitution, did not pass, dut of about low bills introduced sblcaineLw Our Agents.--We have not been able to so arrange our list of agents as to give them publicity. Mr. W. W. Parker of Astoria, former Editor of the Gazette will act tor us at Astoria, Capt. Richard Hobson will receive and receipt for us at Lexington Clatsop , county. Mr B. C. Lewis is ou; countie? ageDt 1D thlS Cnnt7' and fining The new Boston Directory con tains 61 84 names, an increase of 4,093 over last year. The Chieaim n; year contains over 74.0UO names, bein an increase over last year of over 20,000. Out of 220.000.0OO of on British railways during the year 1855 only fifton were killed by accidents. COURTESY Oreeron Central Railroad. Report of Special Committee to Ltgtelatite f Mr. Speaker : The special(orj mittee to whom was referred t Governor s special Message and the House Joint Resolution No , on he subject of Railroads, have had tbc same under consideration, and ben leave to submit the following re port, with the accompanying bill to aid in the construction of the Oregon Central Railroad. ; ... ? For several years the question of constructing a railroad through the Willamette.Unipqua and Rogue River Valleys, has been very generally tUscussed before the people, some preliminary surveys hare been made and much valuable information gath ered upon the subject; but before this Legislature will adopt anv leeis lation bearing upon the question.it will doubtless be necessary to lay the important and material faces neces- sary to a proper understanding of tne enterprise luuy before the House, and to that end your committee has directed its labors. That a railroad through the above named valleys is badly needed by the farmer and producer, and in fact all classes of our population, must be obvious to the most careless observer, and the bare mention of a few facts is amply sufficient to set it forth in the strongest light. It is a well known fact that the wheat crop, the creat reliance of the Oregon furmer, scarcely ever yields mm one-inira tne price it commanus in the : ban k rancisco market. In 1804, while wheat was selling readily for $2 00" in San Francisco, it wuld bring the farmer but 75 cents in the Willamette Talley, and now when it is above 1 00 in ban Francisco, it is du !1 sale at half that price here. The same inequality of prices will befound to prevail in all other articles of pro duce. It is absurd to expect our far mers to nrosper and aid in develop ing our country, as long as they are subjected to such disadvantages in competing with the farmers of Calis fornia. And we cannot expect that, other branches of business will pros-J per when the farmer is thus deprived of the profits of a good market for want of cheap transportation at all times. And as agriculture underlies the prosperity and wealth of the State, it is nseless to hope for gener al prosperity unless we resort to the means which other States and coun tries employs cheap and ready transportation to a sure market. In Southern Ortgon the obstacles to the exportation of agricultural products are so great as to amount to a com' plete einhargojand such must tor fver continue to be the condition of that country, at least so far as the most profitable part of the farmer's labor is concerned, until the country is tapped by a railroad leading either to Portland or San Francisco. And as illustrating the necessity of a rail road connection to the people of the out hern counties, we may mention the fact, ascertained from the books oi me voinmission .Merchants at Ciesent City, . California, that the in habitants of Josephine and Jackson counties have in a single year paid out as fr.-ijrht money alone, on 1,800 tons of merchandise imported the sum of $179,700. This large expen diture would be reduced fully three fourths by the construction of a rail road, while it would give the people some opportunity to pay for thisroer chandise by the exchange of the pro duce of the farms, while cheap goods aud cheaper machinery would stimu late the production of the means im measurably. These are some of the burdens that the farmers of Oregon are labor ing under for want of railroad trans portation. It is growing worse every year, and will continue to do so, for the plain reason that the State of California is fast completing its sys tem of railroads, having now over three nunored miles in actual opera- ..a i j j .. ikmi emu iiunuirus more miles pro jected, by which the resonrros cf every acre of the agricultural land of that &tate will tie afforded the advan tages of a railroad transportation to tide water, and thus giving the farm ers of that State such an advantage as will enable them to keep Oregon produce out of the markets of the world, until we, as a State, do for our farmers what California, as a State, has done for hersaid in the con struction of a system of railroads. It is true that we have some steamboat transportation in this State. So had California ; but, un fortunately for the State, it was like th steamboat hdvantasres which compelled California to build rail roads. It can only be relied on in certain seasons of the year, which being the season of rain and mud, compels the farmer to submit to any rate of charges and send his produce to market, it may be, at the very time when prices rule the lowest. The prices lor steamboat transporta tion are generally felt to be onerous and burdensome, no matter whethf r they are as low as they might be or not, and the want of a railroad is all the more keenly felt, in order to afford that sure and permanent competition which always results in the prosperity of the country. As further illustra ting the advantages of a railroad to the business of the country, we make the following extract from a report on this subject, by the Senate Com mittee on Corporations to the last Legislature : '' The direct pecuniary advantages of a railroad through Oregon may'be briefly but more clearlr sm Wi, i a little calculation. Statistics care- '1 V OF BANCROFT LIBRARY. m rwk fully prepared by reliable men show that $olk county has this year pro duced one million bushels of wheat. Dose that six hundred thousand wr i a - bushels ot tins crop could be spared to the ; San Francisco market. At the price heretofore prevailing since harvest, this was worth in Polk coun ty about seventyfive cents per bushel, or $450,000. If there had been a railroad running through Polk county to a steamship landing, this wheat would have sold in Polk county, readily, for $1 50 per bushel, or $900,000, making a clear gain of $450,000 to Polk county on a single rop of wheat, and leaving a margin t ntty cents per bushel to transport the wheat to San Francisco and all the direct result of railroad transpor tation. This calculation might be ap plied to wool, bacon, lard, oats, and especially to the article of hay. Ore gon can ship no hay for want of means of transportation, while we have the ability and can produce the best hay in the world, and at a very large profit, if it could be cheaply transported to Portland. " Owing to these burdens on Ore" gon farming, it is a notorious fact that California is now importing grain for feed from the Atlantic States, cheaper than she can get it from the granaries of Tier neighbor, Oregon. Some persons are disposed to berate and be-little Oregon farmers for the want of energy in not supplying this San Francisco demand at such h nd some figures, and our newspapers take up and echo the cry " No energy, no industry,'' &c ; and while it is true that Oregon farmers are no bet. ter than they ought to be, it is not true they will not be found lacking in energy and industry to supply San Fraucisco or any other good market, when the means for doing so is af forded them, so they can compete on an equal footing with the fanners of California and the Eastern States." FREIGHT AND PASSENGBRS-RISB IN LANDS. One of the most striking and con vincing proofs of the great value of railroad transportation is to be found in the rapid development of the West crn States, and especially in the in crease of the wheat crop. In 1850, Wisconsin had no railways, and Illi nois next to none. The wheat crop of Wisconsin that year was but 4, 250,000 bushels; Illinois, 9,500,000; of Pennsylvania, 15,500,000; and Pennsylvania was then the greatest wheat producer of all the States bv 2,000,000 bushels. But from 1850 to 1860 Wisconsin and Illinois com pleted their tnorough railroad system, which enabled them cheaply and red ily to bring their grain to tne markets of Milwaukie and Chicago; and so, m the year 1860, we find by the census tables, Wisconsin has produced 15. 700,000 bushels of wheat; Illinois 23 600,000 bushels. During ten years between 1850 and 1860 there was a falling in the wheat production of the Atlantic States, while at the same time, almost wholly through the encouragement given to produce lion by railway transportation, the five great wheat States of the West, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wiscon sin Mid Iowa, increased in prod notion 47,000,000 bushels per annum over . -i i three hundred per cent, on the pro. ducts of 1850 was yielded in 18G0; and what is most remarkable, the price of wheat was nearly twice as high in the latter as in the former year. In the same States a similar increase is noted in almost every oth er agricultural production. As a natural sequence to such re suits in the production of a country, would be au enormous increase in the value of all real estate and other per manent property. Such is found to be the fact everywhere. The con struction of a railroad has always in creased the value ot the land in any couutry through which it runs, even lh old settled countries, not less than three'fold, and often quadrupled the returns on tne assessor's list. But this is a fact so well known that it need not be dweit upon. THE OREGON CENTRAL RAILROAD. We come now to consider a defi nite proposition. Through the efforts of a few of our citizens, acting in con junction with some railroad capitalists of California, and aided by the Pacific coast delegation in Uongress, a grant of twenty sections of public land" per mile has been secured from Congress to aid in constructing a line of rail road from Portland, Oregon, to the oenirai racine Kailroad in Califor nia. It is made the duty of this Legislature to designate the Company wnicn snail receive and manage so much of this land irrant as lies within the State of Orecon. In view of these facts, the following named gen tlemen have incorporated themselves under tne General Incorporation law of this State, to-wit: J. S. Smith, I. It. Aloores. J. H. Mitchell IV Shattuck, Jesse Applegate, Edward R. Geary, S. Ellsworth and H. W. Corbett, under the name and style of j-ue regon Uentral Kailroad Com pany,'' for the purpose of receiving the said grant of land, and using it so far as it may go. towards the con- struction of the proposed railroad, passing through the Willamette, Umpqua and Rogue river valleys. Under present circumstances, the land is not available for the purpose of raising money; one of the grant con ditions being that twenty miles of railroad must be finished and put in operation before the Government patent will issue for the land. It would be unreasonable on our nart to expect the Federal Government to construct our works of internal im provement, without the least effort on our part. We are also able to state that this corporation, composed of our own citizens, have received an offer from capitalists able to com mand the1 means to construct the road, that if the State of ; Oregon would render certain aid to the en terprise all the funds needed would be forthcoming. We are of the opinion that it is better for the State to aid the matter, in its collective capacity, than to rely on the uncer tain aid of private individuals. The reasons for this are many and obvi ous. It is emphatically a wor'" the benefit of the whole State every man, woman and child iiV It will benefit all in proporti their property, and it is but sin justice that the property thus benefit ed should contribute its ratable pro portion to secure a work of common benefit. We must offer some in ducement for foreign capital to be come associated in our interests. It cannot be expected that the money of our Oregon capitalists, readily yielding here twelve per cent, per annum, will desire or be willing to go into a great enterprise with capital which is satified with six and seven per cent per annum. For this reason we cannot rely on individual aid alone in the matter. The great profits and benefits of a railroad comes back to the. people in that in direct way of increasing the value of their land, and raising the prices of their crops, rather than in dividends or subscriptions. Other Stales aid their railroads. In fact, it is the shape in which almost all the local aid is furnished. New York has been made the Empire State by a liberal policy toward its internal improve ments, giving upwards of $20,000, 000 to canals alone. Virginia has given six millions to railroads. Ohio gave many million to the construc tion of its railroads and canals. The young State of Minnesota has con tracted to loan its bonds to the rail roads of that State, to the amount of $24,950,000. Missouri has already given $17,656,000 in State bonds to the railroads of that State, which lib eral pol'cy would ere this made her the Empire State of the West, but for t!;e losses by the rebellion. Cal ifornia has contracted to pay the in terest on 1,000 000 of the bonds of the Central Pacific Railroad Com pany. And so it is in every State that would keep up with prosperity of the age. It is proposed by the Oregon Central Railroad Company, that if the Legislature will levy and appropriate, whenever a section of twenty miles of railroad is finished and put in operation, a sum of money sufficient to pay the interest on $500, 000 of the company's bonds, and whenever one hundred miles is finish ed and put in operation, the addition al sum sufficient to paj' the interest on another 200,000 of the company's bonds, and so pay this interest for twenty years; and also loan the com pany the sum of ten thousand dollars for preliminary contingent expenses, the whole amount to be secured bv a mortgage of all the company's prop.-. erty to the State, and to be returned at the expiration of the twenty years, then this company agrees to proceed at onc to the work of constructing the road. After fully considering the matter, your committee are de cidedly in favor of the proposition, and hve reported the accompanying bill to carry the same into effect. Experience has shown in other States that such assumption of liabil ity has not increased the ratn of tax ation on the property of tax-payers, and that the consequent increase of revenue growing out ot the increase in the value of taxable property has more than compensated the interest assumed, and the States as well as the tax-payers have been less bur thened, besides becoming holders of good mortgage security for all the money advanced. In Santa Clara county, Cal , where the count v had subscribed $100,000 in bond's, the interest on which nmonted to $7,000 per annum, it is stated that the rate of taxes hod not been increased. JThe town of Evansville, Indiana, "sub scribed $200,000 in bonds to the Evansville and Crawfordsville Rail road, and it was not necessary to in crease the rate of taxes in order to pay the annual interest. H. C. Wait Register of the U. S. Land Office at St. Cloud, Minnesota, states that the taxes have not been increased by rea son of the aid furnished railroads by that State. The Secretary of the State of Wisconsin reports that a large amount ot the counties and towns of that State aided in their corporate capacity in the construc tion of railroads in that State, but that in no instance was it necessaay to increase the rate of taxation in order to pay the annual interest on the bonds. In 1852 the State of Illinois issued its bonds to the amount of $12,000,000. taking therefor stock in the railways projected in that State, and although the interest on j this vast amount of indebtedness I amounted to $850,000 annually, yet such was the rapid increase of prop erty on the tax roll, that it was not necessary to increase the rate of tax ation to pay it. The revenue from taxes on the increased value of prop erty occasioned by these railro ds, has already enabled the State to pay off more than $4,000,000 of the prin cipal debt, and it is now believed that the remainder will be extinguished by the year 1876, without even inc reasing the rate of taxation from the time the $1-2,000,000 bonds were first issued until they are finally paid and caucelled. This is a great historical fact in the growth of this country, and assures us of our duty ia going forward to do something for the State of Oregon If Oregon gives the aid to this Railroad, as prtposed by this bill, it will be necessary to pay $70,000 per annum as soon as 100 miles of road is fiuisbed. Then how will the taxes stand? One hundred miles of rail-. rrinn win hi id m i riK lux iisr. nrr it own cost not less thanJrT" secondly, not less Jfap'' on the. rrars .f of the jJrtr'a half mills on Ihe present rate for State irf-fihis railroad addition to the tax roll would produce $104,000 annually $34,000 more than is ask- ed for by the proposition submitted, so the argument is in favor of grant ing the . aid asked for to . build the railroad. Your Committee recommend the passage ol the accompanying bill. A Magnificent Structure. Du ring the past week we paid Portland a short visit. Notwithstanding the citizens have expended enotcnous sums of money on their sheets, nd have an elegant pavement on he principal thoroughfares we found them as of old burried "shoe-top deep" in mud. The new building of Mr. C, M.- Carter is rapidly nearing comple tion, and is as fine a structure as any on the Pacific Coast. It was built by Mr. John Nestor, an Eastern Ar chitect who has lately come to tie State, and it shows exactly what mj is capable of doing in that line. We shall endeavor soon to give a detailed description of the building. Surveyor General of Idaho.- We are pleased to learn that Mr. L, F. Cartee, formerly of Wasco county, has been appointed Surveyor General of Idaho. Mr. Cartee returned from the East by the Pacific on Wednes day last. The L ndon Field notices that the tax upon dogs, or npon dogs' friends for keeping them is returned in the financial accounts for the year end ing with March 18GC, as amounting in Great Britain to .219,313, an in crease of 8,084 over the previous- year. An Intellectual Tabby. The Priucetown (111.) Patriot, tells a story of a lady, a bird and a cat, liv ing together as a " happy family" at that place. The bird is permitted to come out of its cage daily, and flies around a room in which the cat and lady are, without fear of bodily harm. The other d iy, while the bird was picking crumbs off the carpet, the cat suddenly sprang upon it, seized it in her mouth and jumped upon a table. The lady was greatly alarm ed, but turning, she instantly under- ry conduct on the partttf hefTabby, The door had been left open and a strange cat had entered the room. The lady attacked it and put it to flight. As soon as she had closed the door, her own cat jumped down from the table and dropped the bird, entirely uninjured, at the feet of her mistress. MARRIED. In this city, on the 12th inst., bv Rev. J. D. Driver, Mr.Bennett and Miss Ellen Carter. CUSiGItEiUTIOXAL CHURCH, Olt- IfibOJV CITY Services to-morrow by P. Knight, Pastor. Morning sermon on the necessity of fearing God. Evening lecture on " Experiences in California." TRAVEL TO PORTLAND It :S worth a trip to Portland to visit th sn of Kohn & Fishel, No. Ill Front Street, as ioey are selling out their entir trolr r Dry Goods, Trimmings, and everything for Ladies' wear, below cost, as they need room for a large stock of fine and fashionable clothing soon to arrive direct from manu- . j 11-.. laciurers in addition to their large stock on hand, which they sell at strictlv San Vr.. Cisco prices. It is everybody's interest to 11 it ... - mil on mem at their store No. Hi Front Street, Portland. BLACK MARBLE. Some one informs us of the discovery of a quarry of black mar ble, aud a superior deposit of lime in Cali fornia. One of the most important discov eries in Oregon is the fact that Barman Brothers' Clothing Emporium at Portland on the river side of Front Street, between Aingunisnuiei arm me Lincoln House ii the best place at which to purchase clothi'ne Give them a trial. 6 18 Marriage and Celibacy, an essay of Warning and Instruction for Young Men. Also, Diseases and Abuses which prostrate the vital powers, with sure means nf w Sent free of charge in sealed letter envelopes". SI) Howard Association, Philadelphia, Pa. The Met Remedy Tot IiriryiiiC the Blood, Strengthening the Nerves, Restoring me iost Appetite, is FRESSE'S HAMRTTRrt TEA. It is the best preservative against al most any sickness, if used timelv. ComnospH of herbs only it can be given safely to infants. ull directions in French, Spanish, and Ger man, with every package. TRY IT '. or sale at all the wholesale and retail drug stores and groceries. (31 EMIL FRESSE, Wholesale Druggist, Sole Agent, 410 Clay street, San Francisco. The Greatest Family Med ieine of the Age. Perry Davis' Vegetable Pain Killer, taken internally, cures sudden colds, coughs etc., weak stomach, general debility, nursery sore mouth, canker, liver complaint, dyspep sia or indigestion, cramp and pain in the stomach, bowel complaint, painters colic, Asiatic cholera, diarrhoia and dysentery. Ap plied externally, it cures felons, boils and old sores, severe burns and scalds, cuts, bruises, and sprains, swelled joints, ring worm and tet1;er, broken breasts, frosted feet and chilblains, toothache, pain in the face, neuralgia and rheumatism. It is a stjrb rem edt for Ague and Chills and Fever. (1